Unit 5 Good manners （复习课件）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 5 Good manners 八年级英语下册·新教材译林版 1 单元学习目标 2 单元知识图谱 3 核心词汇 4 重点短语 5 单元语法 7 综合训练 6 主题写作 目 录 通过图片和简单的对话，了解好的礼仪和行为举止。 一 阅读来自英语学生的文章，知晓外国学生如何看待中国的礼仪习惯。 二 总结归纳enough 和 too… to… 的用法,并正确使用。 三 通过阅读，了解中国古代关于文明礼仪的故事，培养优秀的行为举止。 四 学习目标 通过思维导图，学习文章的写作结构，写关于好的礼仪的文章。 五 3 单元知识图谱 Good manners 短语 三会 四会 hallway, normally, modest, hospitable, tip, . 单词 manners, little, tape, patiently, congratulations, address, politeness, realize, behave, differently, praise, pleased, reply, openly, host, plate, refuse, fully, loudly, case, push, past, discussion, cheat, promise, pear, own, respectfully, move, earphones, circle, peaceful, impolite, trouble, hug, kiss, quietly, tasty, rush, unless 句型 2. If 引导的条件状语从句 1. Don’t + 动词原形 …. wait in line, on time, feel at home, when it comes to (doing) sth, instead of, get used to sth, all at once, jump the line, cool off, in case, run into sb/sth. in one’s way, keep one’s word, even though, one another. be about to do sth. 语法 形容词+ enough to do sth 写作 英语短文：Good table manners too … to … 4 核心词汇 1.___________ n.[pl.]礼仪;礼貌 2.___________ n.垃圾 3.___________ n.水龙头 4.___________ adv.耐心地 5.___________ n.[pl.]祝贺 6.___________ vt.称呼(某人) 7.___________ n.礼貌 8.___________ vt. & vi( =realise)意识到 9.___________ vi.表现 10.___________ adv.不同地 11. ___________ n.&vt.称赞;赞美 12. ___________ adj.高兴 13. ___________ vt. & vi. 回答;答复 14. ___________ adv.公开地;毫不隐瞒地 15. ___________ n.主人 16. ___________ n.盘子;碟子 17. ___________ vi.&vt.拒绝;回绝 18. ___________ adv.完全地;全部地;充分地 19. ___________ adv.大声地;吵闹地 20. ___________ vi. &vt.挤开;推动 praise pleased reply openly host plate refuse fully loudly push manners litter tap patiently congratulations address politeness realize behave differently 5 31. ___________ adj.安宁的;平静的 32. ___________ adj.失礼的;粗鲁的 33. ___________ vt.使烦恼;麻烦;折磨 34. ___________ n. ,vt. & vi.拥抱 35. ___________ n.,vt.&vi.亲吻 36. ___________ adv.安静地;平静地 37. ___________ vt. &vi.急促;仓促行事 vi. 冲;涌 38. ___________ conj.除非 39. ___________ adj.美味的;可口的 核心词汇 21. ___________ prep.在另一边;到另一侧 22. ___________ n.讨论 23. ___________ vi. &vt.欺骗 24. ___________ vt. & vi. 承诺;许诺 25. ___________ n.梨 26. ___________ vt.拥有 27. ___________ adv.尊敬地 28. ___________ vt.使感动;打动 29. ___________ n.[pl.]耳机 30. ___________ n.圆圈 peaceful impolite trouble hug kiss quietly rush unless tasty past discussion cheat promise pear own respectfully move earphones circle 6 核心词汇 1. realize vt&vi.( =realise) 意识到 教材原句: I've also realized that the Chinesebehave differently from the Britishwhen it comes to praise. 我也意识到,在赞美方面,中国人的行为方式与英国人不同。 常见用法 1) realize 作动词,意为"意识到",其后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 2) realize 作动词,还意为“实现"。 Only later did she realize her mistake. 直到后来她才意识到自己的错误。 Many of them fail to realize that any successrequires a long journey. 他们中很多人没有意识到任何成功都需要一个长期的过程。 Li Shuang finally realized her dream of being anactress.李霜(音译)终于实现了她当演员的梦想。 【辨析】 1) realize：意为"实现”,是及物动词。He has realized hisdream.他已经实现了他的梦想。 2) come true:意为“实现;成为现实",是不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态。 His dream hascome true. 他的梦想已经实现了。 7 核心词汇 2. reply vt.& vi.回答;答复 教材原句: But when I praise my Chinesefriends， instead of saying "thankyou"，they often smile and reply," Nali, nali. ” 但当我称赞中国朋友时，他们往往不说“谢谢”,而是微笑着回答:“哪里,哪里。” 常见用法 ①reply 用作不及物动词时，意为“回答;回应”,reply to(sb/sth)表示“答复(某人/某事)”。 ②reply 用作及物动词时,意为“回答;答复"。 ③reply 用作名词时,意为“回答;答复”，后面常跟介词 to。 He failed to reply to my question. 他没能回答我的问题。 He replied that he knew nothing about the accident.关于这起事故,他回答说他什么都不知道。 Silence is the best reply to his words.沉默是对他的话的最好答复。 8 核心词汇 易混辨析: reply 与 answer的用法区别 1) reply 作及物动词时,后接that 从句或直接引语;作不及物动词时,后加介词to后才能接名词(短语)或代词作宾语。 He never replied to any of my letters.他从来没给我回过信。 2) answer 可作及物或不及物动词,还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应,reply不能这样用。 Please answer my question.请回答我的问题。 9 核心词汇 3. get used to sth 习惯于某事 教材原句： It can be hard at first to get used toall these differences. 起初,要适应所有的这些差异可能是困难的。 【辨析】 1) used to do sth：过去常常做某事 My mother used to be anEnglish teacher.我妈妈曾经是一位英语老师。 2) get/be used to doing sth ：习惯于做某事 I'm used to having a cupof coffee before dinner. 我习惯吃正餐前喝杯咖啡。 3) be used to do sth：被用于做某事 Elephants can be used todosome heavy jobs inIndia. 在印度,大象能用来做一些繁重的工作。 10 核心词汇 4. in one's way 挡着……的路 教材原句 Also, they are too kind to push pastyou when you are in their way. 此外，他们过于善良,你挡了他们的路时，他们也不会推开你。 Please move this chair. It is in my way. 请把这把椅子拿开。它挡住了我的路。 【拓展】含有way 的常见短语: lose one's way 迷路 in some ways 在某些方面 in different ways用不同的方法 11 核心词汇 5. discussion n.讨论 教材原句: join the discussion 加入讨论 常见用法：discussion作名词,意为"讨论”,其后可接介词 about。 The discussion lasted for hours. 讨论持续了数小时。 We won't have any more discussion about it. 关于它我们将不会有更多的讨论。 【拓展】 discuss 是discussion的动词形式，意为“讨论”,相当于talk about。 Can we have a meeting to discuss that? 我们可以开会来讨论那件事吗? 12 核心词汇 6. promise n. & vi. 承诺;许诺 教材原句: If he promised others something, healways kept his word. 如果他向别人承诺了什么，他总是信守承诺。 常见用法： promise 作及物动词，意为“承诺;允诺”,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等成分作宾语。 I promise you a big cake, Linda.琳达,我答应给你一个大蛋糕。 【拓展】promise 也可作名词,意为“承诺;许诺"。 make a promise 意为"许下诺言”; keep apromise 意为“信守诺言”; break a promise 意为“违背诺言;食言”。 13 核心词汇 7. trouble vt. 使烦恼;麻烦;折磨 教材原句： This is quite impolite because it willtrouble other visitors. 这相当不礼貌，因为会给其他游客带来烦恼。 常见用法：trouble 用作动词时,意为“使苦恼;使忧虑;麻烦(某人)”。 I hate to trouble you.我讨厌麻烦你。 Can I trouble you with one more question?我可以再向你提个问题吗? 【拓展】 ① trouble 作不可数名词时，意为"麻烦;困难"。常用短语be in trouble意为“遇到麻烦;处于麻烦中"。 I need help if I am in trouble. 如果我遇到麻烦,我就需要帮助。 I'm sorry to put you to so much trouble.对不起,给你添了这么多的麻烦。 ② have trouble (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难"。 Did you have any trouble in finding my house? 你找到我家有任何困难吗? 14 核心词汇 8. unless conj.除非 教材原句: Do not rush your meal unless youhave to leave in a hurry. 除非你必须匆忙离开,否则不要匆匆忙忙地吃饭。 常见用法： unless 意为“除非;如果不",引导条件状语从句,相当于"if... not..."。 在含有unless 引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,也就是常说的“主将从现”原则。unless引导的从句可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。 Unless IEngland improves their game skills,they're going to lose the match. 英格兰(队)如果不提高他们的比赛技巧，他们将会输掉这场比赛。 She doesn't have any hobbies-unless you callwatching TV a hobby. 她没有任何爱好--一除非你把看电视称作一种爱好。 15 核心词汇 9. “Don't+动词原形(+其他)!”句型 教材原句： Don't leave rubbish anywhere. 不要随意丢弃垃圾。 “Don't+动词原形(+其他)!"为否定祈句式使句。祈使句常用来表示请求、命令、建结构议等,常以动词原形开头,变为否定句时多在句首加Don’t。 Don't worry! 别担心! Don’t treat her any differently from others.不要把她和别人区别对待。 【拓展】 “Don't let sb do sth!"相当于“Let sb not do sth!”,意为“别让某人做某事!” Don't let him go! =Let him not go! 别让他走! 16 核心词汇 10. if 引导的条件状语从句 教材原句 If you want to show politeness andrespect for others, you can't gowrong with nin. 若你想对他人表示礼貌与尊重,用“您"准没错。 1) 作连词，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，如果主句时态是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表将来。 2) 作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用于ask、wonder、know、find out等词或短语之后。此时if常可以与whether互换。 What shall we do if it rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨,我们怎么办呢? I don't know if what I'm saying makes anysense. 我不知道我说的话是否有道理。 17 重点短语 良好的礼仪 流行；时髦 更加意识到 举止得体 做正确的事 讨论该做的正确之事和错误之事 乱扔垃圾 让水龙头一直开着（滴水） 在图书馆保持安静 在公园里摘花 遵守交通规则 耐心排队 即将；正要 good manners be in fashion become more aware of behave properly do the right things discuss the right and wrong things to do drop litter leave the tap running keep quiet in the library pick flowers in the park follow traffic rules wait in line patiently be about to 18 重点短语 一些校规 对…… 感到兴奋 祝贺；恭喜 一名小学生 尊敬你的老师 对…… 友善 迫不及待做某事 忍不住做某事 在走廊里奔跑 按时回到课堂 还有什么 到处乱扔垃圾 帮忙保持学校干净 some school rules be excited to Congratulations a primary school student show respect for your teachers be kind to can't wait to do can’t help doing run in the hallways come back to class on time what else leave rubbish anywhere help keep the school clean. 19 重点短语 在日常生活中 入乡随俗 短时间内；暂时 …之间的异同 如此友善让我感觉宾至如归 让某人感觉宾至如归 别拘束；随便点（像在自己家一样） 注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异 一直；始终 有他们自己表达礼貌的方式 通常用某物做某事 在正式场合称呼他人 向他人表示礼貌和尊重 in daily life When in Rome, do as the Romans do for a short time the differences and similarities between … and … be kind enough to make me feel at home make sb feel at home make oneself at home notice some interesting differences in manners all the time have their own way of being polite normally use sth to do address others in a formal situation show politeness and respect for others 重点短语 某人遇到麻烦；某人出问题 举止与英国人不同 当谈到表扬时 因某事表扬某人 代替；而不是 过于谦虚而不公开接受表扬 人们建立联系的特殊时刻 邀请我吃晚饭 如此好客 让我多吃点 一直往我盘子里夹菜 他表达对我关心的方式 太有礼貌而无法拒绝 go wrong with nin behave differently to the British when it comes to praise praise sb for sth instead of too modest to accept praise openly a special time for people to connect invite me to dinner so hospitable tell me to eat more keep putting food on my plate his way of showing how much he cared about me too polite to refuse 重点短语 以一种不同的方式 询问一切是否顺利 想再要一杯饮料 习惯所有这些差异 说 “请” 以对他人表示礼貌 公开接受他人的表扬 给客人添菜 比如什么；像什么 直呼别人的名字 比你年长很多 用他们的姓氏 他们表达谦虚的方式 在两个国家都向他人表示尊重 in a different way ask if everything is OK want another drink. get used to all these differences Say "please" to be polite to others accept praise from others openly offer guests more food like what call people by their names much older than you. with their family names their way of being modest show respect for others in both countries 重点短语 处理这些差异 环游世界 充分享受环球旅行 突然；同时 别着急；慢慢来 在每个地方多待一段时间 了解当地的传统 太多新事物需要理解 立刻；马上 等到你足够大可以独自旅行 让每个人都有机会 轮流做某事 插队 deal with the differences travel around the world enjoy world travel fully all at once take your time stay in each place long get to know the local traditions too many new things to understand at once wait until you are old enough to travel alone let everyone get their turn take turns to do jump the line 重点短语 感到饱了 对着食物吹气（降温） 在银行和商店排队 为你开门（扶着门让你进出） 进出建筑物 在公共场所 压低声音；小声说话 从你身边挤过去 挡住他们的路 清楚地表达自己 忙着记笔记 加入讨论 向别人承诺某事 feel full blow on your food wait in line in banks and shops hold the door for you go in or out of a building in public places keep their voices down push past you in their way express himself clearly busy taking notes join the discussion promise others something 重点短语 信守承诺 赢得别人的赞扬 过着艰苦的生活 为自己买食物 从树上打落果实 在旅途中 再往前走 尽管；即使 属于 注意你的礼仪 受到高度尊重 恭敬地站在雪中等程大师 拜访；访问 keep his word win others' praise live a hard life buy food for herself beat down the fruits from the tree on a journey walk any further even though belong to mind your manners be highly respected stand in the snow to wait for Master Cheng respectfully pay a visit to 重点短语 叫醒他 在屋外耐心等待 （雪）下得越来越大 看到两个学生在大雪中等待而深受感动 尽可能安静 使用手机 不戴耳机 围坐成一圈 大群体容易交流 和家人朋友一起吃饭 嘴里含着食物时 留下小费 与英国的（礼仪）非常相似 wake him up wait outside the house patiently get harder and heavier move to see the two students waiting in the deep snow as quiet as possible on your phone without wearing earphones sit in a circle it is easy for big groups to talk have meals with family and friends with food in your mouth leave a tip be very similar to those in the UK 重点短语 打扰别人 让大群体容易交流 够到桌子中间的食物 用餐期间 用餐结束时 通过握手互相问候 用一个大大的拥抱互相问候 用亲吻问候亲戚或亲密朋友 感谢朋友为你做晚饭 通过下次邀请他们吃晚饭来表达感谢 你说得对；确实如此 这食物多么美味啊 确保主人和客人都感到舒适 trouble others make it easy for big groups to talk reach food in the middle during the meal at the end of the meal greet each other by shaking hands greet one another with a big hug greet relatives or close friends with a kiss thank a friend for making you dinner show your thanks by inviting them to dinner next time You said it how tasty the food is make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable 在餐桌旁；用餐时 闭着嘴 匆忙离开 觉得我的建议有用 一切过得怎么样 等几分钟让它冷却 足够干净供他人使用 把盘子从桌子上收走 等到所有人都准备好再开始吃 闭着嘴安静地吃 不要匆忙吃饭，除非你必须赶紧离开 除非所有人都吃完了，否则不要离席 重点短语 at the table keep your mouth closed leave in a hurry find my advice useful How is everything going Wait a few minutes for it to cool off. Clean enough for others to use Clear your plates off the table Do not start eating until everyone is ready Eat quietly with your mouth closed Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry Do not leave the table unless everyone has finished eating 单元语法 形容词+enough to do sth 句型"主语+be动词+形容词+enough to do sth”用来描述一个人的品质或能力,表示“某人/某物足够……能做某事。” John’s old enough to take care of himself. 约翰足够大了,能照顾他自己了。 Note: enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时,应置于被修饰词的后面。 enough to 结构可与“so...that..."结构相互转换。 Tom is funny enough to make us laugh.=Tom is so funny that he can make us laugh. 汤姆非常有趣,可以将我们逗乐。 too... to... 单元语法 1. "too... to..."意为"太…而不能…”,该结构在形式上是肯定的,但在意义上表达一个否定的结果。too 的后面可接形容词或副词的原级,to后接动词原形。 The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩年龄太小而不能上学。 The hat is too large to wear. 这顶帽子太大了,没法戴。 He walks too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢,不能按时到那儿。 【拓展】在"too... to..."结构中,不定式的前面可加介词 for 来引出逻辑主语。 This question is too difficult for me to answer. 这个问题太难,我无法作答。 2. " too ... to ..."可与"so ... that ...”及" not ...enough to"相互转换。 He is too young to drive. = He is so young that he can't drive. = He is not old enough to drive. 他年龄太小,不能开车。 Note: enough前的形容词或副词与too后的形容词或副词应是反义关系。 3. 当too 前面有表示否定意义的词时，如not、never 和nothing,其与"too... to...”结构连用不表示否定的意义。 One is never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 1. The boy ran to catch the last bus. A. too fast B. very much fast C. enough fast D. fast enough 2. He is tired walk any further. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; to 3. The community worker is patient enough to the old how to use mobile phones. A. explain B. explains C. to explain D. explaining 4. --- Children's life was too to find enough time for the hobbies. --- It is quite different after the “double reduction". A. much B. boring C. enough D. full 单元语法 针对训练 单元写作要求 本单元以“良好礼仪”为话题,围绕不同国家和场合的礼仪展开学习。在写作层面,要求学生写一封书信(邮件)或一篇短文,描述不同情境下的礼仪规范。 写作方法策略: 如何写有关“礼仪”的文章 写这类文章时,首先要确定四要素一体裁、时态、人称、结构。正文开篇要引出“礼仪”这个话题;主体部分需要详细介绍礼节规范;最后表达美好期望或呼吁人们在生活中践行良好礼仪。 主题写作 好的礼仪 主题写作 好的礼仪 假如你是阳光中学的杨琪,请你根据表格内容描述一些不文明行为,并倡议在校内外遵守公共秩序 (obey public rules)。 不良行为 到处乱扔垃圾;嘲笑(laughat)穷人;…(发挥一点) 文明行为 校内 图书馆:保持安静;及时(intime)归还图书 食堂(dining hall):排队等候;不浪费食物: 教室:不追逐他人…… 校外 马路上:遵守交通规则 公园里:不要摘花;保持公园干净 ……(发挥一点) 要求: (1)所写内容必须包括表格中的信息,可适当发挥; (2)文章100词左右,开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数; (3)语句通顺,意思连贯,语法正确,条理清楚,字迹工整; (4)文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名。 My dear friends, Each of us must obey public rules. Let's sayno to the bad behaviour. . Yang Qi 主题写作 好的礼仪 主题写作 写作要点 体 裁: 应用文 时 态: 以一般现在时为主 人 称: 以第一人称为主 内容要点: 呼吁大家遵守公共秩序,抵制不良行为,践行校内外文明行为; 需要遵照所给要求,信息覆盖全面,适当补充细节 写作结构: 总一分--总 35 主题写作 写作思路 开头 呼吁大家遵守公共秩序，引出下文 Let's say no to the bad behaviour. 中间 分段介绍一些同学的不文明行为并阐述中学生在学校内以及学校外应有的文明行为 Some students... in our school... Outside our school... 结尾 倡导大家为营造良好公共环境践行文明行为 Finally... the more efforts we make, the better public places we will have. 范文 主题写作 My dear friends, Each of us must obey public rules. Let's say no to the bad behaviour. Some students drop litter everywhere. They laugh at the poor and even speak rudely to others. As good middle school students, in our school, we should keep quiet in the library. We should return the books to the library in time. In the dining hall, we should wait in line for our turn and we shouldn’t waste food. In the classroom, we shouldn't paint on our desks or run after others. Outside our school, we should also obey traffic rules. If we bump into someone, we should say “sorry”. We can't pick flowers in the park. We should keep parks clean. We should not step on the grass. Finally, I'd like to say, the more efforts we make, the better public places we will have. Yang Qi 针对训练 主题写作 “勤俭节约”自古以来一直是中华民族的价值取向和道德风尚。请你从以下几个方面谈谈作为一名中学生,你在日常生活中如何节约、杜绝浪费。 要求:(1)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥; (2)文中不得使用真实的姓名、校名、地名等; (3)词数:100词左右,文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。 Our country always practises strict economy and combats waste. As middle school students, weshould start with the things around us. . 参考范文 针对训练 主题写作 Our country always practises strict economy and combats waste. As middle school students, we should start with the things around us. First of all, it's a good idea to develop healthy eating habits and value food. I won't order too much food unless I can eat up all the food I have ordered at restaurants. Second, it's important to save water because we cannot live without it. I often save water by taking shorter showers. Third, saving energy matters a lot. When I leave the room, I always remember to turn off all the lights. Last but not least, I also pay attention to saving money. I don't spend money on what I don't need. Everyone can try his best to play a role in creating a better world. 综合训练 一、根据语境、汉语提示或英文释义填空 Many tourists don’t __________ (意识到) that even the flashes from smartphones canmake animals stressed. Avoid __________ (拒绝) to work with others, and you'll find teamwork brings success. To keep fit, some people __________ (承诺) that they will exercise more or eat less fast food. Many teenagers usually regret talking to parents in an __________ (not having good manners) way. She decided to save her money wisely instead of spending it all at __________ . realize / realise refusing promise impolite once 综合训练 二、根据语境及首字母提示或用所给单词的适当形式填空 If we put l__________ in the bin，the environment will not become messy and dirty. The d__________ about the new policy has lasted for hours without reaching an agreement. You should speak English 1____________ in class so that your teacher can hear you clearly. A large number of people have r__________ to what they were asked since the news was covered on TV. People go home to celebrate the Spring Festival because they feel __________ (peace) with their family. litter discussion loudly replied peaceful 综合训练 三、单项选择 1. we use more renewable energy in the future, air pollution won't be greatly reduced. A. Since B. Because C. Although D. Unless 2. After several months of practice, she in front of many people now. A. used to speak B. is used to speak C. uses to speak D. is used to speaking 3. --- Why do you recommend Sandy to be a volunteer for the meeting? --- She is to notice small changes around her and ready to give help in need. A. too careful B. careful enough C. too careless D. careless enough 4. the snow was getting heavier，the traffic police were still busy working on the road. A. Even though B. As soon as C. As if D. As long as 综合训练 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词 A session(会议) at the Beijing Cultural Forum talked about how China's cultural IPs developand reach global audiences in the 1. d________ age. A Polish media worker who has lived in Chinafor nearly 20 years shared her 2.v________. She said that in the past，many foreigners only knewChinese kung fu and the Great Wall, but now they talk about works like The Three-Body Problem.Online literature is a 3. k________ part of cultural exports(出口).Web novels are calledvaluable assets(财产). Overseas readers have waited 4. p________ for more Chinese web novels,and their number 5.r________ 352million in 2024. digital views key patiently reached 综合训练 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词 ....... Adaptations(改编) like the animation of The King's Avatar and the second season of Joy ofLife have moved many international viewers. Games are 6. a________ important part. These gamesget much 7. p________ from global players. Chinese self-developed games had $18.56 billion inoverseas sales in 2024，and Chinese game companies are 8.p________ with this result. The session stressed that cultural IPs need digital innovation(创新).Experts at the sessionaddress the need to 9.f________ on real stories. Good cultural IPs don't need to 10.r ________ to impress others. another praise pleased focus rush 综合训练 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Free Software Foundation(FSF) celebrated its 40th birthday on October 4,2025.First started in 1985，the FSF1._________ (help) shape the digital world we live in today. 2.________ (it) ideas about free software inspired the open-source movement. Now open-sourceprograms run on countless computers, phones, and devices 3._______ the world. The FSF's ideas are important enough 4._____________ (influence)the world. Many important software projects are based on the FSF's licenses. 5.________example, the GNU Project,alsostarted by Mr. Stallman，created many important 6.________ (tool) that are useful in Linux, apopular open-source operating system. And Linux is free software,released(发布) under the GPL. Today, Linux is everywhere, 7.___________ you know it or not. If you use an Android phone or a Chromebook, you're using a system based on Linux. has helped Its around / across to influence For tools whether 综合训练 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 … … Today, the ideas behind the FSF are no longer 8._________ (usual). Using,studying,changing, and sharing computer code is common. The FSF has changed a lot more than justsoftware. It has changed the way people think about 9.__________ (share) technology. These days,lots of people believe that technology should help 10.__________(use), not limit them. unusual sharing users THANKS 谢谢观看 八年级英语下册·译林版2024 $