专题01 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! （Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲(仁爱科普版

专题01 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! （Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲 Preparing for the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 note 笔记；记录 internet互联网 pizza 比萨饼；意大利肉饼 chemistry 化学 programme (program AmE)节目 动词 attend 参加；出席；经常去，定期去（某处）动词 repeat复述,跟读;重复;重写 副词 hardly几乎不；几乎没有 连词 whenever每当;无论何时 兼类词 relative n. 亲戚；亲属 adj. 比较的兼类词 purple n. 紫色 adj. 紫色的 silver n.银色；银白色 adj.银色的；银白色的 重点短语 attend a speech 参加演讲 search for information online 在线搜索信息 do an experiment 做实验 take notes 记笔记 such a 如此/这么/这样的一个 be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊短语 in English 用英语 give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议 go over反复研究;仔细琢磨 copy down 抄写，抄下；抄录 by heart 单凭记忆；能背诵 oral English英语口语 重点句子 1.In our listening class this afternoon, we practiced how to take notes.在今天下午的听力课上，我们练习了如何记笔记。 2. We attended a speech this morning. It was about why natural food is good for our body.今天上午我们参加了一场演讲。它是关于为什么天然食物对我们的身体有益。重点 3. We learned how to search for information online in the science class yesterday. The internet is really a useful tool, and it also creates such a magical world.我们在昨天的科学课上学习了如何在网上搜索信息。互联网真是一个有用的工具，创造了一个如此神奇的世界。句子 4. Last Sunday we had a big family party with all my relatives, and I learned to cook pizza with my cousins.上周日，我们和我所有的亲戚举行了一次大型的家庭聚会，我和我的堂兄弟们学会了做比萨饼。 5. We did an experiment in today's chemistry class. I was shocked to see the color changing from purple to silver. 我们今天在化学课上做了一个实验。我很震惊地看到那颜色从紫色变成银色。 6. We both can make delicious dishes now. 我们现在都能做美味的菜肴了。 7. Could you give me some advice? 你能给我一些建议吗？ 8. What difficulty do you have in your learning? 你在学习上有什么困难？ 9. I can hardly remember any new words. 我几乎记不住任何新单词。 10. I always write down new words in a notebook and go over them whenever I have time.我总是把新单词写在笔记本上，并且一有时间就复习它们。 11. Also, I often copy down the whole sentences with the new words.此外，我经常把含有新单词的整个句子抄下来。 12. I listen to and repeat the texts until I can learn them by heart.我听并重复课文，直到我能记住它们。 课文重点解析 考点1.In our listening class this afternoon,we practiced how to take notes.在今天下午的听力课上，我们练习了如何记笔记。 讲note,名词，意为“笔记；记录”，常指在听讲或读书等时的笔记。 take notes 意为“记笔记”。 例We should take notes carefully in English class.在英语课堂上我们应该认真记笔记。 拓展note 作名词时的其他意思及用法 （1）短笺；便条a thank you note-封感谢信 （2）纸币；钞票a 5 yuan note 一张5元纸币 （3）单音;音符high/low notes高音低音 （1）The old man wrote a thank you note to Linlin because she helped him find his missing pet dog.这位老人给琳琳写了一封感谢信，因为她帮他找到了丢失的宠物狗。 （2）The boy found a 5 yuan note on his way home.这个男孩在回家路上捡到了一张5元的纸币。 （3）I played a lot of wrong notes when I played the piano.弹钢琴的时候我弹错了好多个音符。 考点2.We attended a speech this morning.It was about why natural food is good for our body.今天上午我们参加了一场演讲。它是关于为什么天然食物对我们的身体有益。 讲attend,动词，意为“参加；出席” attend a speech 意为“参加演讲”。 My father attended an international meeting last week.我父亲上周出席了一场国际会议。 (1)拓展attend 作动词时的其他意思 Attend（1）经常去，定期去（某处）（2）注意;专心 （3）随同；陪同 You should attend the dentist's for regular check-ups.你应该定期去牙医诊所进行检查。 He isn't attending in class.课堂上他一直不专心。 The old man is always attended by his daughter when he goes out.外出时这位老人的女儿一直陪着他。 考点3.We learned how to search for information online in the science class yesterday. The internet is really a useful tool, and it also creates such a magical world.我们在昨天的科学课上学习了如何在网上搜索信息。互联网真是一个有用的工具，创造了一个如此神奇的世界。 讲（1）learn how to do sth.意为“学习如何做某事”，其中不定式结构 how to do sth.在句中作 learn 的宾语。 例We can learn how to solve this math problem from our math teacher.我们可以向数学老师学习如何解决这道数学题。 讲2)such a意为“如此/这么/这样的一讲个...”。 例Some people like to help others quietly,and Mr. Li is such a person.有些人喜欢悄悄帮助他人，李先生就是这样的一个人。 拓展such,限定词/代词，意为“这样，如此，非常（用于强调）；上述一类，诸如此类，这种，这类（用于指已提到的人或事物）”，常修饰名词。 例（1）-It's such a fine day that I want to go for a picnic with my friends.今天天气真好以至于我想跟朋友一起去野餐。 -Me, too.我也是。 （2）-For this meeting, they will invite some famous singers, musicians and such.这次会议他们将邀请一些著名歌手、音乐家之类的人。-That's great!那太好了！ 辨析such 和 so such常修饰名词 ①such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句限定 ②such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句 ③ such +形容词+不可数名词+that从句 so常修饰形容词或副词 ①so+形容词/副词+that 从句 ②so many/much/few/little+名词+that从句注意： 注意 ①such + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数= so +形容词/副词+a/an+可数名词单数； ②如果修饰名词表示“多、少”时,只能用“so+many/much/few/little+that从句”来表示。 （1）She is such a clever girl that she can always get first place in exams.她是一个如此聪明的女孩以至于她总能够在考试中得第一名。 （2）-They are such beautiful flowers that everyone likes them.它们是如此美丽的花以至于人人都喜欢。 （3）It's such exciting news that we're all excited.这是个如此令人兴奋的消息以至于我们都很激动。 （4）The flowers are so beautiful that everyone likes them.这些花如此美丽以至于人人都喜欢。 （5）-There were so many people on the bus that I couldn't find a seat.公交车上人是如此多以至于我找不到座位。 考点4.We did an experiment in today's chemistry class. I was shocked to see the color changing from purple to silver.我们今天在化学课上做了一个实验。我很震惊地看到那颜色从紫色变成银色。 讲shocked,形容词，意为“震惊的；惊愕的”。be shocked to do sth.意为“对做某事感到震惊”。 例I was quite shocked to see his crazy behavior.看到他疯狂的行为，我感到非常震惊。 辨析shocked shocking shocked形容词 震惊的；惊愕的；气愤的；厌恶的 　　 be shocked at/bysb./sth.某人/某事感到震惊；对某人/某事感到气愤/厌恶 shocking形容词 令人震惊的；令人气愤的；惹人憎恶的 既可作定语又可作表语,主语通常是事物。 （1）They were shocked at the news of his death.(作表语，主语是人)他们对他的死感到震惊。 （2）We are all shocked by the boy's bad behavior.(作表语，主语是人)我们都对这个男孩的糟糕行为感到气愤。 （3）It's shocking news for all of us.作定语，主语是事物)这对我们来说是个令人震惊的消息。 （4）The news is shocking.(作表语，主语是事物)这个消息令人震惊。 （5）Our old house is in a shocking state.定语，主语是事物)我们的老房子破败得不成样子。 考点5.I can hardly remember any new words.我几乎记不住任何新单词。 讲hardly,副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”。 例He hardly smokes after giving it up.他戒烟后几乎不吸烟了。 辨析hardly与hard hardly几乎不;几乎没有 表达否定意思。常用于can 和 could之后,主要动词之前。 hard （1）形容词 困苦的；艰苦的；艰难的have a hard life过着艰苦的生活 难做的;难懂的;难以回答的a hard choice艰难的选择 　　 耗费体力（或脑力)的;辛苦的hard work 坚固的；坚硬的a hard board一块坚硬的木板 冷酷无情的;硬心肠的；无同情心的a hard man一个冷酷无情的人 （2）副词 努力地；费力地；艰难地work hard努力工作 　　 沉重地；大量地；长时间地rain hard雨下得大 （1）He hardly calls me.(作副词)他几乎没有给我来过电话。 （2）I could hardly believe my eyes.我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。 （3）People had a hard life in the past.(形容词)过去人们过着艰难的生活。 （4）It's a hard choice for me.这让我难以抉择。 （5）He was in a lot of pain after falling on the hard ground.他摔在坚硬的地面上，感到非常疼痛。 （6）Mr. Wang is a hard man.王先生是一个冷酷无情的人。 （7）You need to work hard to catch up with others.作副词)你需要努力学习才能赶上他人。 （8）I have to wait because it's raining hardoutside.因为外面雨下得大，所以我不得不原地等待。 考点6.I always write down new words in a notebook and go over them whenever I have time.我总是把新单词写在笔记本上，并且一有时间就复习它们。 讲1)go over意为“反复研究；仔细琢磨”，口语中通常可译为“复习”，可与review互换。 例He went over the whole thing in his mind at night.晚上他反复琢磨这整件事。 I often go over/review my notes at night.我经常在晚上复习笔记。 拓展go over(to)的其他意思 转向另一立场(或见解、习惯等) 从一处到(另一处) 切换到另一人物(或地点) （1）Many people went over to the safe places during the wars.战时许多人迁徙到安全的地方。 （2）Let's go over to the flood in the south.让我们把目光转向南方的洪水。 讲2)whenever,连词，意为“每当；无论何时”，可与 no matter when 互换。 例Whenever you need help, please call me.=No matter when you need help, please call me.无论何时你需要帮助，请给我打电话。 归纳 whatever =no matter what无论什么 whoever no matter who无论是谁 wherever= no matter where无论在哪儿 however= no matter how无论怎样 whichever no matter which无论哪个/哪些 考点7.Also, I often copy down the whole sentences with the new words.此外，我经常把含有新单词的整个句子抄下来。 讲copy down 意为“抄写，抄下；抄录”，还可表述为 copy out。 例Linlin copied down several poems yesterday afternoon.琳琳昨天下午抄录了几首诗歌。 拓展copy作动词时的其他意思 （1）复制;复印;仿造;临摹 （2）抄写；誊写 （3）模仿；效法；仿效 （4）作弊；抄袭 （5）拷贝；复制 （1）The young man copied the great artists' paintings for years.这个年轻人多年来一直在临摹那些著名画家的画作。 （2）-The little girl likes to copy the lines in her notebook.这个小女孩喜欢把歌词抄写在笔记本上。 （3）The pupils often copy everything their teacher does.小学生经常效仿他们老师的一举一动。 （4）He was punished for copying in the English exam.他因为在英语考试中作弊而受到惩罚。 考点8.I listen to and repeat the texts until I can learn them by heart.我听并重复课文，直到我能记住它们。 讲by heart 意为“单凭记忆；能背诵”。 He read the poem again and again until he can recite it by heart.他一遍遍朗读这篇诗词直到能背诵下来。 随堂训练 一、单项选择 1. Last summer, our math teacher ______ our football team and helped us win a very important game. A. join B. joins C. joined D. will join 2. —What did you do this morning? —I ______ a speech about why natural food is good for our body. A. attended B. joined C. took part D. ntered 3. —______ you give me some advice on how to improve my listening? —Sure. You can listen to and repeat the texts until you learn them by heart. A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Could 4. Do you know ______ he began to love math? A. what B. why C. when D. where 5. We should practice ______ English with classmates every day to improve oral English. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoken 1. C（last summer提示一般过去时，join的过去式为joined） 2. A（“参加演讲”用attend；join后接组织/团队；take part后需加in） 3. D（could表委婉请求，符合“寻求建议”语境） 4. B（根据句意“你知道他为什么开始喜欢数学吗”，用why引导宾语从句） 5. C（practice后接动词-ing形式，practice doing sth.） 二、单句语法填空 1. Yesterday, we ________(do) an experiment in chemistry class. The color changed from purple to silver. 2. When we have trouble in study, we can search _______ useful information online. 3. My cousin and I learned to cook last Sunday, and now we _________(can) make delicious pizza. 4. Kangkang always writes down new words in a notebook _________(and) copies the whole sentences with them. 5. I joined a cooking club last summer _______ met Meimei there. She is very friendly. 6. We __________(attend) a math class this morning. Miss Wang asked us to solve the same problem in different ways. 7. —How do you remember new words? —I go over them whenever I have ______ free minute. 8. Lingling sticks new words on the wall _______ she can read them aloud easily. 9. Last week, we ________(take) notes carefully in the listening class to practice note-taking skills. 10. Wang Junfeng said he ________(hard) remember any new words, so he needed help. 1. did（yesterday提示一般过去时，do的过去式为did） 2. for（search for为固定短语，“搜索……”） 3. can（now提示一般现在时，情态动词can后接原形） 4. and（并列两个动作writes和copies，用and连接） 5. and（并列“加入俱乐部”和“遇见梅梅”两个动作，用and） 6. attended（this morning提示一般过去时，attend的过去式为attended） 7. a（free以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a） 8. so（表结果“因此”，符合“贴墙上以便读”的逻辑） 9. took（last week提示一般过去时，take的过去式为took） 10. hardly（“几乎不”，符合“记不住单词”的语境） 三、语篇选词填空（用方框内单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次） learn, join, coach, help, attend, become, exchange, share, make, look up Last summer was a great time for me to 1. ________ new skills and meet friends. First, I 2. ________ our school football team. Our math teacher also 3. ________ the team and 4. ________ us win an important game. After that, I started to love math! Then, I 5. ________ a cooking club. There I met Meimei—she is kind and helpful, and we soon 6. ________ good friends. We 7. ________ cooking skills with each other and 8. ________ our homemade dishes every week. Now, we can both 9. ________ delicious meals. When I have questions about cooking, I also 10. ________ tips online. It’s really a useful way to learn! 1. learn（“学习新技能”，to后接动词原形，贴合“提升学习能力”主题） 2. joined（“加入足球队”，last summer提示一般过去时，join强调“加入组织”，符合语境） 3. coached（“指导球队”，coach表“指导、训练”，符合“老师助力球队”的逻辑，过去式为coached） 4. helped（“帮助我们赢比赛”，help sb. do sth.为单元核心短语，过去式为helped） 5. attended（“参加烹饪俱乐部”，attend强调“参与活动/俱乐部”，与join区分开，过去式为attended） 6. became（“成为好朋友”，描述过去发生的关系变化，过去式为became） 7. exchanged（“交流烹饪技巧”，替换原重复的learn，exchange表“互换、交流”，符合“互相学习”的语境，过去式为exchanged） 8. shared（“分享自制菜肴”，share为单元核心动词，过去式为shared） 9. make（“制作美味 meals”，can后接动词原形，make dishes为“做菜”的常用表达） 10. look up（“查找在线建议”，look up表“查阅、查找”，与“在线获取信息”主题一致，一般现在时用原形） 四、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. In yesterday’s science class, we __________ __________ __________ (做了一个实验) and observed interesting chemical changes. 2. To remember new words well, you should __________ __________ __________ (复习它们) whenever you have time. 3. We practiced how to __________ __________ (记笔记) in the listening class this afternoon—it’s helpful for listening tests. 4. If you want to __________ __________ __________ (提高英语口语), you’d better talk with friends in English often. 5. When you don’t know the answer to a question, you can __________ __________ __________ __________ (在线搜索信息) to find it. 1. did an experiment 2. go over them 3. take notes 4. improve oral English 5. search for information online 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 你今天早上做什么了？我听了一场关于自然食物的演讲。 —What __________ you __________ this morning? —I __________ a speech about natural food. 2. 我们昨天在科学课上学了如何在线搜索信息。 We __________ how __________ __________ __________ information online in the science class yesterday. 3. 你能给我一些如何提高听力的建议吗？ __________ you __________ me some advice on how __________ __________ my listening? 4. 王军峰几乎记不住任何新单词，他在这方面有困难。 Wang Junfeng can __________ remember any new words, and he __________ __________ __________ in this. 5. 玲玲通过把生词贴在墙上学习新单词，这样她能随时大声读。 Lingling learns new words by __________ them __________ the wall, so she can __________ __________ __________ whenever she sees them. 1. did; do; attended 2. learned; to search for 3. Could; give; to improve 4. hardly; has difficulties 5. sticking; on; read them aloud 六、句型转换 1. We had a math class this morning.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ you __________ this morning? 2. I attended a speech about natural food yesterday.（改为否定句） I __________ __________ a speech about natural food yesterday. 3. We learned to cook pizza with our cousins last Sunday.（改为同义句） We learned __________ __________ __________ pizza with our cousins last Sunday. 4. Kangkang can remember new words by writing them in a notebook.（改为一般疑问句） __________ Kangkang __________ new words by writing them in a notebook? 5. Lingling copies new words on pieces of paper to read them easily.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ Lingling copy new words on pieces of paper __________? 1. What did; do（对“做的事情”提问，用what，一般过去时加did） 2. didn’t attend（一般过去时否定句，加didn’t，attend用原形） 3. how to cook（learn to do=learn how to do） 4. Can; remember（情态动词can提前变一般疑问句） 5. What does; for（对“目的”提问，用what...for，一般现在时加does） Exploring the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 pen 笔；钢笔background背景state 国家；州；状态master 大师 thought思想；想法；看法poem 诗truth 真相；实情；事实；真理 ability 能力husband 丈夫meaning 意思；意义socialism 社会主义 dictionary词典；字典 动词 die 死；死亡remind 使想起；提醒disappoint使失望imagine 想象 suppose 假定；假设；推断satisfy使满足;使满意 副词、介词 except除……之外abroad 在国外 形容词 digital数字的；数码的foreign 外国的；涉外的personal个人的；私人的 able 能；能够else 其他的；另外的 private 私立的；私营的 wise充满智慧的;明智的 兼类词 increase v.(使)增长，增多，增加 n.增长；增多；增加 重点短语 set off 出发；动身；启程 cultural background 文化背景 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 under great pressure 在巨大压力下 get out of摆脱；离开（某地）；逃脱 step forward 向前走；向前迈一步 the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋时期 get down to doing sth./to sth. 开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事 the State of Qi 齐国 be lost in sth. 沉迷于某事 be confident about 对...有信心 in one's late years 在某人的晚年 draw on sth.(为某种目的)动用，利用（信息、经验、知识等） from time to time 偶尔；有时 tell the truth 说实话 pay attention to 注意 in the digital age 在数字时代 set up创立,成立,建立 a natural ability to do sth.做某事的天赋 be able to do sth.有能力做某事 make oneself understood 让人理解自己 be similar in 在某方面相似 make up for 弥补（不良情况）；补偿（失去之物） as soon as 一...就... 重点句子 1.I prepared some things before I set off.出发前我准备了一些东西。 2. He used his pen to fight for the benefits of the Chinese people. He died in 1936.他用他的笔为中国人民的利益而斗争。他死于1936年。 3. What does Bowen's experience remind you of ？博文的经历让你想起了什么？ 4. Xuanxuan is under great pressure now because she doesn't want to disappoint herself and her parents. 萱萱现在压力很大，因为她不想让自己和父母失望。 5. She searches online to find ways to get out of pressure. Here is some advice.她在网上搜索寻找摆脱压力的方法。这里有一些建议。 6. Music can make you calm and encourage you to step forward.音乐可以让你平静下来，并鼓励你前进。 7. Confucius (551BCE-479BCE) was one of the greatest thinkers and educators during the Spring and Autumn Period.孔子（公元前551年—公元前479年）是春秋时期最伟大的思想家和教育家之一。 8. At 15， Confucius got down to studying. 15岁时，孔子开始专心学习。 9. When he was learning Shao music in the State of Qi, he was lost in the music and hardly noticed the taste of meat for a few months. 他在齐国学韶乐时，沉浸其中，几乎几个月都尝不出肉的味道。 10. Zilu was too confident about himself.子路对自己太自信了。 11. So once Confucius told him, "To know what you know and what you do not know,that is wisdom.”所以孔子曾告诉他：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。” 12. In his late years, even when Confucius became a master, he never stopped learning from others.在晚年，即使已经成为了大师，孔子也从未停止向他人学习。 13. Confucius told his students, "When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers." This famous saying shows the learning spirit of Confucius.子告诉学生：“三人行，必有我师焉。”这句名言体现了孔子的学习精神。 14. You may need to draw on his wisdom from time to time.你可能需要不时地借鉴他的智慧。 15. Just like the master said, "Review the old knowledge and you will have new ideas.”就像大师所说：“温故而知新。” 16. Set up a private school and taught students there 创办私学，教授弟子 17. In the digital age, computers and smart phones are important parts of people's life.在数字时代，电脑和智能手机是人们生活的重要组成部分。 18. The girl has a natural ability to learn languages. 这个女孩儿有学习语言的天赋。 19. Instead, you learn it to satisfy your personal ned. 的个人需求。 20. You should be able to understand others and make yourself understood.理解别人，也能让别人理解你。 21. So, on the one hand, you have practical goals of listening, speaking, reading and writing; on the other hand, you are using the language to do real things in your daily life.因此，一方面，你有听、说、读、写的实际目标；另一方面，你也在日常生活中使用这门语言做实际的事情。 22. Except for a natural language use environment, what else is similar in your learning activities?除了自然的语言使用环境，你们的学习活动还有什么相似之处？ 23. And how can you make up for the loss of the language use environment?你如何能够弥补语言使用环境的缺失？ 24. Please tell me as soon as you finish your homework. 作业一完成就请立刻告诉我。 25.I didn't understand the meaning of "socialism" until I looked it up in the dictionary.直到查了字典，我才明白“社会主义”的意思。 考点1.prepared some things before I set off.出发前我准备了一些东西。 讲set off意为“出发；动身；启程”，可与start out/off 互换。 例We'll set off early to be there on time.=We'll start out/off early to be there on time.我们将会早点出发以便能准时到那。 拓展set off 的其他用法及意思 set sth. off=set off sth.引起,激发(尤指意外事件) 触响(警报系统) 衬托某物;使某物显得更漂亮 set sb. off 激起某人的某种情感(指引起某人发笑、哭泣、谈论某事等) （1）His words set off anger in his class just now.刚刚他的话在教室里引起了众怒。 （2）The smoke will set off the alarm.烟雾会触发火警报警器。 （3）The golden sunlight sets off the beautiful lake.金色的阳光把这个漂亮的湖衬托得更美。 （4）The bad news may set her off again.这个坏消息可能又会让她哭起来。 考点2.After seven years of studying abroad,he returned to China in 1909.在国外学习七年之后，他于1909年回到中国。 讲abroad,副词，意为“在国外；到国外”。study abroad 意为“出国留学”。 例Wang Lin plans to study abroad in three years.王林打算三年后出国留学。 拓展abroad的相关短语 go abroad出国 travel abroad/ make a tour abroad出国旅游 at home and abroad国内外 考点3.He used his pen to fight for the benefits of the Chinese people. He died in 1936.他用他的笔为中国人民的利益而斗争。他死于1936年。 讲die,动词，意为“死；死亡”。过去式为died,现在分词为 dying。 例The dog died soon after it was hit by a car.这只狗被车撞后不久就死去了。 拓展die 的相关短语 die for sth.为……而死/献身 die down减弱;平息 die out消失;灭绝 die of/from表示死于某种疾病或创伤 die in表示死于意外事故 （1）He loves his country so much that he would like to die for her,他如此热爱自己的国家以至于他愿意为之奉献自己的生命。-Me, too.我也是。 （2）The excitement died down after he got home.回家后他的兴奋之情就平息了。 （3）Some of the wild animals will die out ifwe don't protect them.如果我们不加以保护，一些野生动物将会灭绝。 （4）The old man died of a serious illness last month.这位老人上个月死于一种严重的疾病。 （5）He died in a car accident.他死于一起交通事故。 归纳表示“死亡”的几种表述 die死；死亡 pass away去世 lose one's life丧生 lay down one's life献出自己的生命,牺牲 drop dead猝死,暴毙 （1）Some animals died because of the sudden snowstorm.一些动物因为突然的暴风雪而死亡。 （2）The great scientist passed away when he was 100.这位伟大的科学家在100岁时去世了。 （3）Three people lost their lives in the fire.三个人在这次火灾中丧生了。 （4）The young man laid down his life when he saved the boy in the river.这位年轻人在河里救小男孩时牺牲了。 （5）The old man dropped dead of a heart attack one day.一天，这位老人突发心脏病去世了。 考点4.For example, when he wants to learn something with the cultural background, like "hot dog", he will search online for information about the culture.例如，当他想了解一些有文化背景的东西时，比如“热狗”，他会在网上搜索相关的文化信息。 讲1)background,名词，意为“背景”。cultural background意为“文化背景”。 Some of his ideas come from his cultural background.他的一些想法来自他的文化背景。 拓展background 的其他意思 background （1）出身，个人背景 （2）(事情的)背景情况 （3）(尤指图片上主要事物的)背景，后景 （4）(图画、文字等的)底子,底色 归纳background的其他相关短语 family background家庭背景，家庭出身 social background社会背景 educational background教育背景 ethnic background种族背景 （1）Can you tell me about his background?你能告诉我他的出身吗？ （2）I don't want to talk about it because I don't know the background to it.我不了解这件事的背景情况，所以我不想谈论它。 （3）You can see some beautiful flowers in the background of this photo.在这张照片的背景中你能看到一些漂亮的花。 （4）We need to take some photos with a red background.我们需要拍一些红底的照片。 讲2)本句是一个复合句，主句为“he will search online for information about the culture",从句是由 when 引导的时间状语从句。 注意when 引导的时间状语从句的时态变化： （1）从句部分用一般现在时，主句常用现在进行时或一般将来时等。 （2）从句部分用一般过去时,主句常用一般过去时或过去进行时等。 My mother is cooking when I get back home.当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。 When he wants to do exercise, he will go to the gym.当他想锻炼的时候，他就会去体育馆。 All my classmates were reading when I walked into the classroom.当我走进教室的时候，所有同学都在读书。 考点5.What does Bowen's experience remind you of博文的经历让你想起了什么？ 讲remind,动词，意为“使想起；提醒”。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”。 例The old photo reminded me of my childhood.这张老照片使我想起了童年。 拓展remind作动词时其他常见用法 remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.+(that)从句提醒某人... remind oneself提醒某人自己 Mom reminded me to buy some milk on my way home.妈妈提醒我在回家路上买一些牛奶。 Mr. Wang reminded me that I still had a lot of work to do the next day.王先生提醒我明天还有很多工作要做。 He made a list to remind himself to buy some things in the supermarket.他列了一个清单来提醒自己要在超市买些东西。 考点6.Xuanxuan is under great pressure now because she doesn't want to disappoint herself and her parents.萱萱现在压力很大，因为她不想让自己和父母失望。 讲1)under pressure意为“承受着（急于完成某事的)压力”，其中pressure前可加形容词修饰，表示“承受...的压力”。 例I'm under great pressure at work these days.最近我工作压力很大。 拓展 pressure作名词时的相关短语 put pressure on sb.向某人施加压力 be/come under pressure from sb. (to do sth.)受到来自某人的压力（做某事） give in to pressure屈从于压力 relieve/reduce pressure(on sb./sth.)减轻(某人/某物的)压力 get out of pressure摆脱压力 high blood pressure高血压 （1）Our school is putting pressure on us to pay more attention to reading books.我们学校给我们施加压力让我们更关注阅读。 （2）I am under pressure from my parents to be a lawyer.我父母一直逼我当一名律师。 （3）We should never give in to pressure.我们应该永远不向压力低头。 （4）Talking to others can help us reduce pressure.与他人交流能帮助我们减轻压力。 （5）Eating too much salt and fat for a longtime can cause high blood pressure.长时间摄入过多的盐和脂肪会导致高血压。 讲2)disappoint,动词，意为“使失望；使破灭；使落空”。 例I don't want to disappoint my parents,so I study hard.我不想让我的父母失望，所以我努力学习。 辨析disappoint, disappointed,disappointing和 disappointment disappoint常作谓语，后跟人称代词宾格或名词。 disappoint sb. 使某人失望使失望；使破灭；使落空 disappoint sb's hopes/expectations/plans让某人的希望/期望/计划破灭(落空) disappointed形容词 失望的；沮丧的；失意的 be disappointed at/ with/ about sth.对...感到失望修饰人 be disappointed to do sth.失望地做某事 be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望作定语修饰人。 disappointed visitors 失望的游客 disappointing形容词 令人失望的;令人沮丧的;令人扫兴的 be disappointing to do sth. 做某事令人失望 disappointment名词 失望；扫兴；沮丧 　　to one's disappointment 让某人失望的是 （1）His absence disappointed our plan to travel.(动词作谓语)他的缺席使我们的出行计划破灭了。 （2）My parents were disappointed at my grades in this exam.(形容词作表语)我父母对我这次的考试成绩感到失望。 （3）He was disappointed to see the result.看到这个结果他非常失望。 （4）I am very disappointed in you.我对你感到十分失望。 （5）The disappointed visitors left quickly.(形容词作定语)失望的游客们迅速离开了。 （6）The new movie is very disappointing.(形容词作表语)这部新电影令人非常失望。 （7）This is a disappointing new movie.形容词作定语)这是一部令人失望的新电影。 （8）To our disappointment, the bookstore was closed, and we couldn't buy the book we wanted.作名词)让我们失望的是，这家书店关门了，我们买不到我们想要的书了。 考点7.She searches online to find ways toget out of pressure. Here is some advice.她在网上搜索寻找摆脱压力的方法。这里有一些建议。 讲get out of意为“摆脱；离开（某地）；逃脱”。 例He wanted to get out of the duty to clean the classroom.他想逃避打扫教室的责任。 拓展get out of的其他用法及意思 get out of doing sth.逃避做某事、放弃做某事 get out of sth.放弃,戒除,抛弃(习惯) get sth. out of sb./sth.从……中获得(有益的东西) （1）I want to get out of farming.我想放弃务农了。 （2）It's our duty to clean the classroom. You can't get out of tidying it.打扫教室是我们的责任，你不能逃避。 （3）I hope my father can get out of the habit of smoking.我希望我爸爸能戒除吸烟的习惯。 （4）We can get a lot out of reading.我们能从阅读中受益良多。 考点8.Imagine your success in the exams.想象一下你考试成功的样子。 讲imagine,动词，意为“想象”。 例I can't imagine the life without mobile phones.我不能想象没有手机的生活。 拓展①常用结构 imagine+(that)从句 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象某人做某事 例（1）Imagine that you are watching the earth in space.想象你正在太空中俯瞰地球。 （2）Just imagine flying the plane in the sky!想象一下驾驶飞机在空中飞行！ （3）I can imagine her saying so.我完全想象得到她会那么说。 注意imagine 在句中作谓语且引导that从句时，从句是否定句时应该进行否定前移，即在主句上否定（形式上在主句上进行否定，语义上对从句进行否定)。类似用法的单词还有 think、suppose、believe等。 例I don't imagine that he will come for the party.我认为他不会来参加聚会。 imagine 的相关单词 imagination名词,意为“想象力;想象”。 imaginative形容词,意为“富于想象力的;创新的”。 imaginatively副词,意为“富于想象力地;创新地;别出心裁地”。 unimaginable形容词,意为“难以置信的;不可想象的”。 　　 考点9.At 15, Confucius got down to studying.15岁时，孔子开始专心学习。 讲get down to doing sth./to sth.意为“开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事”。 例We should get down to reviewing our lessons.我们应该开始认真复习功课。 Let's get down to our work today.让我们开始今天的工作吧。 注意get down to 中的 to 为介词，后接动词-ing 形式。 归纳类似用法的短语 stick to doing sth.坚持做某事 pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 make a contribution to doing sth. 为做某事做贡献 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 拓展 get down 的其他用法及意思 get sb. down使某人忧郁,使某人厌烦 get sth. down写下，记下（尤指某人说的话） get sth. down(sb.)(使某人)吃下/喝下某物 get down(吃完饭)下桌(英式儿语) （1）The failure of his business got him down.生意的失败使他有些消沉。 （2）You'd better listen to your teacher carefully in class and get down some of her key words.你最好在课堂上认真听老师讲话并记下她说的一些关键词。 （3）-Get that tea down you.你把那杯茶喝了。-OK.好的。 （4）Can I get down, Dad?爸爸，我能下桌了吗？ 考点10.When he was learning Shao music in the State of Qi, he was lost in the music and hardly noticed the taste of meat for a few months.他在齐国学韶乐时，沉浸其中，几乎几个月都尝不出肉的味道。 讲1)state,名词，意为“国家；州”。the State of Qi 意为“齐国”。 例Some states of America are near the ocean.美国的一些州临近海洋。 拓展① state作名词时还可意为“状态；状况；情况”。 例She was in a bad state yesterday.她昨天状态很差。 　The country is in a state of war.这个国家正处于战争状态。 ② state还可作动词,意为“陈述;说明;声明”，statement 为其名词形式，意为“说明；说法；表白；表态”。 例He has clearly stated the reasons in his report.他已经在报告中清晰地陈述了原因。 -Which of the statements is right?哪一种说法是正确的？-I don't know.我不知道。 讲2)be lost in sth.意为“沉迷于某事；沉浸于某事；全神贯注”，可与lose oneself in sth.互换。 例Li Ming is often lost in reading books.=Li Ming often loses himself in reading books.李明经常沉浸在阅读中。 考点11.Zilu was too confident about himself.子路对自己太自信了。 讲be confident about 意为“对...有信心”，后可跟名词或反身代词。 be confident about同义短语feel confident about 或 have confidence in It's important for young students to be confident about themselves.对于年轻的学生来说，对自己充满信心是非常重要的。 I don't have confidence in myself at school.我在学校时不自信。 考点12.In his late years, even when Confucius became a master, he never stopped learning from others.在晚年，即使已经成为了大师，孔子也从未停止向他人学习。 讲in one's late years意为“在某人的晚年”，也可表述为 in one's later years 或 during the last/later years of one's life. 例He went to live with his son in his late years.他在晚年时搬去和他儿子一起生活了。 链接in one's late fifties意为“在某人接近六十岁的时候”，常指56—59这个年龄段。 例In his late fifties, he traveled around China with his wife.在快六十岁的时候，他和妻子一起环游中国。 考点13.You may need to draw on his wisdom from time to time.你可能需要不时地借鉴他的智慧。 讲1)draw on意为“（为某种目的）动用，利用（信息、经验、知识等）”，可与draw upon 互换。 例-Only by drawing on our hard work,can we gain more.只有凭借勤奋，我们才能收获更多。 -You're right.你说得对。 拓展draw on还可意为“（时光）渐渐过去，荏苒”。 例The happy time drew on, and we have grown up already.快乐时光一去不复返，我们已经长大了。 讲2)from time to time意为“偶尔；有时”，可与 at times 或 sometimes 互换。 例She comes back to see the old house from time to time after moving.=She comes back to see the old house at times after moving.She sometimes comes back to see the old house after moving.搬走后她不时地回来看看旧房子。 考点14.always telling the truth一直说实话 讲truth,名词，意为“真相；实情；事实；真理”。 tell the truth 意为“说实话”，可构成固定搭配 to tell the truth,意为“（承认某事）说实话，老实说”。例Our teacher often asks us to tell the truth.我们老师经常要求我们要讲实话。 To tell the truth, the food in this restaurant is awful.老实说，这家餐馆的饭菜糟透了。 拓展 truth 的相关单词 truthful形容词，意为“诚实的，一向说实话的”,与 honest同义。 truthfully副词,意为“诚实地;如实地”。 untruthful形容词，意为“说谎的；不说实话的”。 （1）He is a truthful boy.他是个诚实的孩子。 （2）I hope you can answer my question truthfully.我希望你能如实回答我的问题。 （3）The child is untruthful. He likes telling lies.这个孩子不诚实，他喜欢撒谎。 考点15.Set up a private school and taughtstudents there创办私学，教授弟子 讲set up 意为“创立，成立，建立”。 例They want to set up their own import-export business.他们想要成立自己的进出口公司。 Our school set up a new lab last year.我们学校去年建立了一个新实验室。 拓展set up 的其他用法及意思 set up shop/in business 开店/开始做生意安排某事 set sth. upset up sth.安装；架设；调试(尤指临时)建起，竖起 （1）Mr. Wang plans to set up shop else wherein America.王先生计划在美国其他地方开分店。 （2）Miss Yang is setting up the interview on tomorrow morning.杨女士正在安排明天上午的面试。 （3）The workers are setting up the equipment for the concert.工人们正在安装音乐会所需的各种设备。 （4）My father set up the tent and my mother took out all the food from the car.我爸爸搭起帐篷，我妈妈从车上拿出所有的食物。 考点16.In the digital age, computers and smart phones are important parts of people's life.在数字时代，电脑和智能手机是人们生活的重要组成部分。 讲digital,形容词，意为“数字的；数码的”in the digital age 意为“在数字时代”。 例Everything is changing rapidly in the digital age.在数字时代，一切都在快速变化。 归纳digital 的相关短语 digital TV数字电视 a digital signal数字信号 a digital camera数码相机 digital media数字媒体 a digital wallet数字钱包 a digital watch电子手表 考点17.Suppose you move to a foreign country but don't speak the language.假设你移居国外但不会说该国语言。 讲1)suppose,动词，意为“假定；假设；推断”。 例Let's suppose someone falls into the river. What will you do?假设有人落水了，你将怎么做？ 拓展suppose 的其他意思及用法 suppose(根据所知)认为，推断，料想 　　 (婉转表达)我看,要我说,要不 be supposed to do/be sth. （按规定、习惯、安排等)应当，应，该，须 例（1）I suppose that it'll be cooler later in this week.我觉得这周后面几天天气要凉快点。 （2）You can go in my car, I suppose.要不你坐我的车吧。 （3）-Everyone is supposed to save water.每个人都应当节约用水。-You're right.你说得对。 注意当 suppose 在句中作谓语且后跟 that引导的从句时，从句是否定句时应该进行否定前移，即在形式上对主句进行否定。 例I don't suppose you can finish your work in three hours.(√)我觉得你不可能在3小时内完成工作。 I suppose you can't finish your work inthree hours. (x) 讲2)foreign,形容词，意为“外国的；涉外的”。 拓展foreigner 为其名词形式，意为“外国人”。 例It's not easy to learn a foreign language,but it may be more difficult for foreigners to learn Chinese.学习一门外语不容易，但对外国人来说学习汉语可能更难。 考点18.Instead, you learn it to satisfy your personal needs.相反，你学习它是为了满足你的个人需求。 讲1)satisfy,动词，意为“使满足；使满意”。 What I did satisfied my parents.我做的事让我父母很满意。 辨析satisfy, satisfied, satisfying l satisfaction satisfy动词　使满意；使满足 　　　satisfy sb.使某人满意 satisfied形容词　满意的 be satisfied with sb./sth.=be pleased with sb./sth.对某人/某物感到满意 satisfying形容词 令人满意的、令人高兴的 satisfaction名词 满足满意 　　to one's satisfaction让某人满意的是 （1）-This plan will not satisfy everyone.(动词作谓语)这个计划不会让所有人都满意。-Yes.是的。 （2）Wang Lin's family are satisfied with their new home.(形容词作表语)王林全家都对他们的新家很满意。 （3）We had a satisfying meal on the last day of the trip.(形容词作定语)旅行的最后一天我们吃了一顿令人满意的饭。 （4）Being praised by so many people brought him a deep sense of satisfaction.不可数名词)被如此多的人表扬给他带来了深深的满足感。 讲2)personal,形容词，意为“个人的；私人的”，通常用于名词前作定语。 例We must protect our personal details when we surf the internet.上网时我们要保护好我们的个人信息。 考点19.You should be able to understand others and make yourself understood.你应该能够理解别人，也让能别人理解你。 讲1)able,形容词，意为“能；能够”。be able to do sth.意为“有能力做某事”。 例He was able to speak English when he was four.他4岁时就会说英语了。 拓展able的相关单词及用法 ability名词 能力 反义词为inability,意为“无能；无力；不能”。 the ability to do sth.做某事的能力 have /show the ability to do sth.有/展示出做某事的能力 disability　可数名词 (某种)缺陷 　　with a disability有……障碍/缺陷满 disabled　形容词　丧失能力的；有残疾的;无能力的 the disabled意为“残疾人;伤残者”,表示复数含义。 unable　　形容词 未能；无法 　 be unable to do sth.未能做某事；不能做某事 （1）He has the ability to communicate with others well.他具备良好的沟通能力。 （2）This boy has learning disabilities.这个男孩有学习障碍。 （3）We helped look after the disabled children in children's home yesterday.昨天我们去了儿童之家帮忙照顾残疾儿童。 （4）The disabled must be looked after well.残疾人应当被好好照顾。 （5）They were unable to find their pet dog.他们未能找到他们的宠物狗。 讲2)others,代词，泛指其他的人或物，常与some连用，构成some..others.结构，意为“一些...另一些...”。例Some students like playing basketball,while others like playing football.一些同学喜欢打篮球，另一些同学则喜欢踢足球。 讲3)make oneself understood意为“让人理解自己”，make后跟动词过去分词作宾语补足语。 例I spoke English slowly to make myself understood by my foreign friends.我英语讲得很慢以便我的外国朋友能听懂我说的话。 归纳类似短语： make oneself heard让人听到自己 make oneself seen让人看到自己 make oneself known让人知道自己 （1）She raised her voice to make herself heard in the noisy classroom.她提高噪音以便大家在吵的教室里能听见她的声音。 （2）The girl stood on a table to make herself seen by her mother.这个女孩儿站在桌子上以便能被她妈妈看见。 （3）The new classmate introduced himself to make himself known in the new class.这位新同学进行了自我介绍以便大家能认识他。 考点20.Except for a natural language use environment, what else is similar in your learning activities?除了自然的语言使用环境，你们的学习活动还有什么相似之处？ 讲1)except,介词，意为“除...之外”，用于所言不包括的人或事物前。 注意如果用在句子开头，必须用except for 接名词。 例（1）Everyone is here except/except for Tom.除了汤姆之外所有人都来了。 （2） Except for Sunday, the shop is open every day.除了周日，这家店每天都开门。 拓展except的其他用法及意思 except(that)要不是由于（用于说明某事没做成或没发生的原因) except when 意为“除非当...时候”，when 不可省略。except to do sth. 意为“除了做某事”。 （1）Linda could think of nothing to say except that she was so sorry.除了表示很抱歉之外，琳达想不出有什么话好说。 （2）I'm as old as you, except that you're taller than me.我们一样大，只是你比我高一些。 （3）He wouldn't drink water except when he was too thirsty.除非非常渴，否则他是不会喝水的。 （4）He didn't talk about anything, except to say his head hurt.他只是说头疼，别的没提。 辨析except,besides 和 but except除……之外 　　指从整体中排除掉except后的部分，常与 all、everybody、everything等词连用。介词；连词；动词 besides除……之外(还) 　　指在原来的基础上加上 besides 后的部分。 but除……以外 　　but后是仅有或仅存的内容，尤用于nothing、no, all, any. anyone,everything,everyone等词后。介词；连词；副词；名词 　　当but前有实义动词do时，but后的不定式需省去 to。 　　have no choice but to do除了做某事外别无选择 （1）He likes all the subjects except math.除了数学外他喜欢所有的学科。 （2）Besides math, Mingming doesn't like Chinese, either.除了数学外，明明也不喜欢语文。 （3）He took everything away from the room but a bed.他把房间里所有东西都搬走了，只留下一张床。 （4）He did nothing but see a film last night.昨晚除了看了场电影他啥也没干。 （5）I had no choice but to accept the task.除了接受这项任务外我别无选择。 讲2)be similar in sth.意为“在某方面相似”。 例The two girls are similar in personality.这两个女孩儿性格十分相似。 辨析be similar to 和 be similar in短语 be similar to　与……相似 表示某人或某物与另一个人或另一个事物相似,强调整体或本质相似。 be similar in在某方面相似 表示人或物在大小、外貌、形状、性格等方面相似。 例English learning is similar to Chinese learning.英语的学习和汉语的学习很相似。 考点21.And how can you make up for the loss of the language use environment?你如何能够弥补语言使用环境的缺失？ 讲make up for意为“弥补（不良情况）；补（失去之物）”。 例He was not clever enough, but he made up for it with hard work.他不够聪明，但他用勤奋来弥补。 拓展make up的其他用法及意思 make up sth.构成 be made up of sth.由……组成/构成 make sth. up编造,假装 make sth. up创作,编写(故事、歌曲、游戏等) make sb. up给某人化妆 make up with sb.(非正式)与某人和解,可与make peace with sb.互换 make sth. up补上,补回(时间或工作) （1）Women and children made up the group.妇女和儿童构成了这个小组。 （2）The basketball team is made up of different players from all over the world.这支篮球队是由来自世界各地的球员组成的。 （3）The story is not true; he made it up.这个故事不是真的，是他编造出来的。 （4）The band made up a new song.这个乐队创作出了一首新歌。 （5）They are making the actress up before performing.表演前他们正在为这位女演员化妆。 （6）I made up with my best friend yesterday.我昨天和我最好的朋友和解了。 （7）I need to make up the work I left yesterday.我需要把昨天遗留下来的工作补上。 考点22.Please tell me as soon as you finish your homework.作业一完成就请立刻告诉我。 讲as soon as意为“一....就...”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作紧接从句动作发生，两个动作间几乎没有间隔。 时态（1）当从句部分用一般现在时态时，主句应该用将来时态或一般现在时。 　　（2）当从句部分用一般过去时，主句应该用一般过去时或过去完成时。 　　（3）一般真理用一般现在时。 （1）I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.(主将从现)一到北京我就会给你打电话。 （2）He rushed as soon as the race began.个动作都已发生，主从句皆为过去时)比赛一开始他就冲出去了。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. — What were you doing ________ your father came back last night? — I was reading a book about Confucius. A. when B. while C. after D. until 2. This school offers ________ courses for students who are interested in traditional culture. A. education B. educational C. educate D. educator 3. Lu Xun ________ medicine and took up writing in 1906, and he returned to China three years later. A. give up B. gives up C. gave up D. will give up 4. I ________ the bus line to the history museum yesterday, so I know which one to take. A. don’t check B. didn’t check C. checked D. will check 5. Please call me ________ you arrive at the museum. I’ll wait for you at the gate. A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before 1. A （when引导时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时；while从句常用进行时） 2. B （educational为形容词，修饰名词courses，表“有教育意义的”） 3. C （根据时间状语in 1906，用一般过去时） 4. C （根据yesterday，用一般过去时） 5. A （as soon as表“一……就……”，符合语境） 二、单句语法填空 1. My sister has a ________ (person) dream: she wants to be a writer like Lu Xun. 2. ________ (when/while) I was walking to school this morning, I met my old friend. 3. The teacher said we should learn knowledge in an ________ (honest) way and never lie about what we don’t know. 4. He didn’t stop learning English ________ he could speak it fluently. 5. This is a ________ (music) family — all family members can play at least one instrument. 6. Confucius started to teach students in his ________ (private) school when he was middle-aged. 7. ________ (after/before) you visit the museum, you’d better book a ticket online to save time. 8. We can get ________ (wise) from Confucius’s sayings, like “Review the old knowledge and you will have new ideas.” 9. The ________ (literature) works of Lu Xun are still very important for us to understand the society in the past. 10. ________ (when/while) my mom is cooking, I often help her wash the vegetables. 1. personal 2. While 3. honest 4. until 5. musical 6. private 7. Before 8. wisdom 9. literary 10. While 三、语篇选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空（有2个多余选项）. when, after, until, honest, wisdom, private, educational, give up, take up, get down to, notice, natural Confucius (551 BCE—479 BCE) was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. At the age of 15, he 1.________ studying. He learned music, math, 2.________ and other subjects. 3.________ he was in the State of Qi, he studied Shao music. He was so interested in it that he hardly 4.________ the taste of meat for months. Later, Confucius opened a 5.________ school. He taught his students to be 6.________ and told them, “To know what you know and what you do not know, that is 7.________.” One of his famous sayings is “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.” This shows his lifelong learning spirit — he never 8.________ learning, even in his late years. 9.________ Confucius died, his thoughts still helped people a lot. Today, his ideas are still 10.________ for us to learn about life and study. 1.got down to; 2.literature; 3.When; 4.noticed; 5.private; 6.honest; 7.wisdom; 8.gave up; 9.After; 10.educational 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入合适的单词（首字母已给出），使短文完整通顺。 Last weekend, I decided to visit the history museum. First, I b____1____ a ticket online because it’s more convenient. Then, I c____2____ the bus lines to the museum — I didn’t want to be late. Next, I prepared some things, like a notebook and a pen, to write down important information. On Saturday morning, I took the bus to the museum. When I arrived, I was surprised by the ____3____ (digital) displays there — they made the old things more interesting. I spent three hours in the museum. I learned a lot about Chinese history, especially the life of Lu Xun. He was a great writer who u____4____ his pen to fight for people’s benefits. Finally, I went home. I felt very happy because the trip was ____5____ (practical) and meaningful. I told my parents about what I learned, and they said I should have more such trips to gain more knowledge. 1.booked; 2.checked; 3.digital; 4.used; 5.practical 五、根据汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. Confucius _____________________(开始认真学习) at the age of 15, and he studied many subjects. 2. Lu Xun ____________________(放弃医学) and ___________________(从事写作) in 1906 because he wanted to help people with words. 3. When you read a story, you can use __________________(时间顺序词) like “first”, “then” to understand the order of events. 4. Xuanxuan searched online for advice because she was _________________(承受很大压力) before exams. 1. got down to studying 2. gave up medicine; took up writing 3. time order words 4. under great pressure 六、根据汉语意思完成句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. 当鲍文学习有文化背景的东西时，他会上网查信息。 When Bowen learns something with _________________, he will search for information online. 2. 我在吃苹果之前会先洗一下。 I will wash the apple _________ I eat it. 3. 孔子在齐国学习韶乐时，沉浸在音乐中好几个月。 _______ Confucius studied Shao music in the State of Qi, he ______________ the music for months. 4. 直到读完这本书，我才明白其中的智慧。 I _______________ the wisdom in the book ________ I finished reading it. 5. 听完音乐后，萱萱感觉不那么有压力了。 ________ listening to music, Xuanxuan felt ________ stressed. 1. cultural background 2. before 3. When; was lost in 4. didn’t understand; until 5. After; less 八、看图写话 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. While Li Xiang is watching TV, Liu Mei is ________________________________. 2. After Jim gets up in the morning, he always _____________________________ first. 3. I will ___________________________________________________ before I eat it. 4. When I came back, my grandma was _____________________________________. 1. doing her homework. 2. brushes his teeth 3. wash the apple 4. watering the flowers 综合训练 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Qian Xuesen, the father of China’s missiles (导弹), was born in Hangzhou City on December 11th, 1911. 1 he left Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he went for further study in the United States. There he studied very 2 and at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理). In 1955, Qian Xuesen returned to China 3 a lot of difficulties. From then on, he threw 4 in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program. The Chinese people 5 proud of him. He passed away on October 31st, 2009 at 6 age of 98. But his spirit still 7 Chinese youth today. Qian Xuesen’s love for his country was expressed in his saying, “My career (事业) is in China, my 8 is in China and my destination (目的地) is in China!” Someone said he could make 9 more money if he stayed in the United States. When he heard that, he 10 and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” 1. A. Before B. After C. Until 2. A. hard B. harder C. hardly 3. A. past B. across C. through 4. A. him B. his C. himself 5. A. are B. is C. am 6. A. a B. an C. the 7. A. encourage B. encourages C. encouraged 8. A. success B. succeed C. successful 9. A. some B. much C. many 10. A. laughed B. laughing C. to laugh 1. B 由句意可知，此处指他离开上海交通大学之后。after意为“在……之后”。 2. A hard意为“努力地”，修饰动词studied。3. C 4. C 动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，主语是he，使用反身代词himself。5. A 6. C at the age of ... 意为“在……岁时”。7. B 8. A 形容词性物主代词后接名词。 9. B much修饰比较等级，意为“……得多”。 10. A and前后时态应保持一致。 二、完形填空 先通读原文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Do you like learning? Learning doesn’t have to be 1 . In fact, you can turn it into something fun. Here is 2 . First, learn what you are interested 3 . For example, if you like singing, try reading some articles (文章) on how to pronounce scientifically. Second, set small goals. You shouldn’t think just “I need to finish reading this book” 4 “I’ll read 10 pages today”. When you finish, you’ll feel proud. That 5 you want to keep going. Third, don’t be afraid of making mistakes or 6 yourself. They are 7 of learning. If you get a math problem wrong or fail in an exam, ask yourself “What can I learn from this?” Finally, make it social (社交的). Do experiments with friends, play learning games or talk about what you’ve learned. Sharing 8 makes learning lively. Your love for learning 9 when you find joy in it. Give it a try, and you might surprise 10 . Please enjoy learning and develop the good habit of it. 1. A. easy B. hard C. boring D. interesting 2. A. why B. how C. what D. where 3. A. in B. at C. for D. with 4. A. or B. if C. and D. but 5. A. gets B. hopes C. wishes D. makes 6. A. helping B. teaching C. disappointing D. introducing 7. A. end B. start C. part D. effect 8. A. results B. sadness C. thoughts D. difficulties 9. A. dies B. waits C. stops D. increases 10. A. itself B. myself C. himself D. yourself 1. C 由下文turn it into something fun可知，此句句意为“学习没必要那么无聊”。 2. B 3. A 句意为“学习你感兴趣的内容”。be interested in ... 意为“对……感兴趣”。 4. D not ... but ...意为“不是……而是……”。 5. D 句意为“那使你想要继续（阅读）”。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。 6. C 句意为“不要害怕犯错或者使自己失望”。disappoint oneself意为“使某人自己失望”。 7. C 句意为“它们（错误）是学习的一部分”。part of ... 意为“……的一部分”。 8. C 由make it social和文章主旨“爱上学习”可知，此句句意为“分享观点，让学习充满活力”。thought意为“观点”。 9. D 句意为“当你在学习中找到乐趣的时候，你对学习的热爱就增加了”。increase意为“增加”。 10. D 句意为“试一试吧，你会惊讶到自己的”。 四、阅读理解 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Li Le Beijing I usually read for about 1.5 hours every day. Most of the time, I read textbooks or short articles after finishing homework. There’s a lot of pressure with schoolwork. How I wish to have more time to enjoy my favorite books! Wu Ke Shanghai I spend around 2 hours reading daily. My school has a great library, so I borrow (借) books often—mostly science and history. Even on busy days, I try to read for at least 30 minutes before bed. It’s a good way to relax after studying. Qian Li Shenzhen I read for almost 1.8 hours each day. A lot of my reading is online articles or e-books since my parents got me an e-reader last year. I like reading the news and travel blogs. Sometimes I do it in a weekend book club with my classmates. He Lu Chengdu I love reading—probably 2.5 hours a day! There are lots of book fairs and reading activities in my city, and my school sets 45 minutes every morning for free reading. It never feels like a chore. It’s my favorite part of the day. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. Which teenager spends the most time reading every day? A. Li Le. B. Wu Ke. C. Qian Li. D. He Lu. 2. Why does Li Le have the least reading time of the four? A. Because he dislikes reading. B. Because he has too much schoolwork. C. Because there are no libraries in his city. D. Because his parents don’t allow him to read. 3. Which place creates the best reading environment? A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Shenzhen. D. Chengdu. 4. What do the teenagers mention about reading? A. They only read on weekends. B. Reading is an enjoyable thing. C. They never read books on the internet. D. Their schools and parents order them to read. 5. What can we learn from the text? A. Li Le doesn’t like science and history. B. Singing is a good way to relax for Wu Ke. C. Qian Li sometimes reads with her classmates. D. He Lu’s favorite part of the day is doing chores. 1. D 对比四位青少年的阅读时间可知，何璐每天阅读的时间最长，花费2.5小时。 2. B 由表格第一栏最后两句可知，李乐学习压力很大，故没有很多的时间阅读。 3. D 4. B 通读全文可知，四位同学都提到了喜欢阅读。 5. C 由表格第三栏最后一句可知，钱丽有时会和同学们一起去周末书社（阅读）。 B My primary (初级的) school was in the countryside and I never learned English. When I studied at the junior high school in the city, I did my best to learn it. However, the first exam broke my heart. Everyone did very well except (除了) me. I cried to my parents, saying I wanted to give up. They were farmers and knew nothing about English. They had no idea what to do but told me to study hard and learn from other students. Then my English teacher came to me. She stayed after class to teach me how to read and remember new words. She told me useful ways to learn, like reading aloud every morning. She was like an angel (天使) who tried to pull me out of the dark. With her help, I kept going and spent more time on the subject. A term later, I slowly caught up with my classmates. I felt more confident. Finally, I got excellent grades in English. I’m so thankful to my English teacher because I couldn’t have made it without her. And I’m also proud of myself—for not giving up when facing difficulties. That journey taught me that with efforts (努力) and help, nothing is impossible. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A. How the writer learned English well. B. The writer’s happy school life. C. Why the writer liked learning English. D. The writer’s early difficulty in learning English. 2. Why did the writer want to give up after the first exam? A. Because his parents didn’t support him. B. Because he thought English was too boring. C. Because his grade was much worse than others. D. Because his English teacher was too strict with him. 3. What can we infer about the English teacher? A. She was very wise. B. She was patient and helpful. C. She didn’t like the writer at all. D. She thought the writer wasn’t clever. 4. Which of the following about the writer is TRUE? A. The writer learned English in the countryside. B. The writer felt both thankful and proud at last. C. The writer got good grades without much effort. D. The writer failed to catch up with his classmates. 5. What’s the text about? A. A story of getting through difficulties. B. A sad experience of learning English. C. A survey about how to learn English. D. An English exam result of a student. 1. D 通读第一段可知，本段主要表达了作者早期在英语学习上的困难。 2. C 由第一段最后三句可知，作者尽了最大努力但结果还是没考好，所以想要放弃。 3. B 由文章第二段最后三句可知，英语老师有耐心且愿意帮助学生。 4. B 由最后一段前两句可知，作者感激老师并对自己感到自豪。 5. A 通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者在老师的帮助和自己的不懈努力下，度过困难最终获得成功的故事。 C Over 100 years ago, in a small classroom in China, students were asked by their teacher, “Why do you study?” While some talked about making money, some wanted to support their family. A 14-year-old boy stood up and said, “For the rise of China!” That boy was Zhou Enlai. He later devoted his whole life to building a strong and beautiful country. His words have encouraged generations (代) of Chinese youth. ▲ However, our nation’s dream hasn’t come true yet. As teenagers, we are the hope of the future. Just like Zhou Enlai, we need to set our hearts on serving our country. This means working hard at school now: mastering math, science, literature and other subjects; developing critical (批判的) thinking and problem-solving skills; and building a solid (牢固的) foundation (基础) for our growth. Our efforts (努力) today are not just for ourselves. They are for the day when we can take on responsibilities—whether as scientists, teachers, doctors, farmers, police officers or leaders—and devote ourselves to making China even better. Let Zhou Enlai’s words guide us: Study is not only for personal success, but for the rise and great rejuvenation (复兴) of our country. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What can we know from Zhou Enlai’s words? A. He wanted to make China strong. B. He wanted to be a Chinese teacher. C. He wanted to make money for China. D. He wanted to support his family. 2. What does the underlined word “devote” mean? A. To do sth. in a different way. B. To say that you think sb. is good. C. To achieve sth. important that sb. wants to do. D. To give most of one’s time, energy, etc. to sb./sth. 3. Which one can be put into ▲ ? A. Today, China has grown much stronger. B. That was an old story about Zhou Enlai. C. Chinese youth need to work even harder. D. His classmates began working for the country. 4. What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. Teenagers. B. Subjects. C. Efforts. D. Skills. 5. How is the text organized? A. Problems -- solutions. B. An old story -- modern meaning. C. A great person-- his experiences. D. Two different times-- differences between them. 1. A 由“For the rise of China!”（为中华之崛起而读书）可知，周恩来的话表明了他想让中国变强大。 2. D 3. A 由该句位置可知，此句起着承上启下的作用，句意为“现在中国比以前更强大了，然而我们的中国梦还没有实现”。 4. C 由第三段第一句可知，它们（指我们的努力）是为了将来我们能担起重任的那一天。 5. B 通读全文可知，第一段介绍了周恩来“为中华之崛起而读书”的故事；第二、第三段号召现代的青少年学习周恩来的精神，为担起未来重任打好坚实的基础；最后一段重申了学习的意义。概括为：伟人的励志榜样在新时代的新解。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! （Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲 Preparing for the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 笔记；记录 互联网 比萨饼；意大利肉饼 化学 节目 动词 参加；出席；经常去，定期去（某处）动词 复述,跟读;重复;重写 副词 几乎不；几乎没有 连词 每当;无论何时 兼类词 n. 亲戚；亲属 adj. 比较的兼类词 n. 紫色 adj. 紫色的 n.银色；银白色 adj.银色的；银白色的 重点短语 参加演讲 在线搜索信息 做实验 记笔记 如此/这么/这样的一个 对做某事感到震惊短语 用英语 给某人一些建议 反复研究;仔细琢磨 抄写，抄下；抄录 单凭记忆；能背诵 英语口语 重点句子 1.In our listening class this afternoon, we .在今天下午的听力课上，我们练习了如何记笔记。 2. We a speech this morning. It was about why food is good our body.今天上午我们参加了一场演讲。它是关于为什么天然食物对我们的身体有益。重点 3. We learned how to in the science class yesterday. The internet is really a useful tool, and it also creates magical world.我们在昨天的科学课上学习了如何在网上搜索信息。互联网真是一个有用的工具，创造了一个如此神奇的世界。句子 4. Last Sunday we had a big family party , and I learned to cook pizza with my cousins.上周日，我们和我所有的亲戚举行了一次大型的家庭聚会，我和我的堂兄弟们学会了做比萨饼。 5. We in today's chemistry class. I was the color changing from purple to silver. 我们今天在化学课上做了一个实验。我很震惊地看到那颜色从紫色变成银色。 6. We both can now. 我们现在都能做美味的菜肴了。 7. Could you ? 你能给我一些建议吗？ 8. What do you have in your ? 你在学习上有什么困难？ 9. I can any new words. 我几乎记不住任何新单词。 10. I always new words in a and them whenever I have time.我总是把新单词写在笔记本上，并且一有时间就复习它们。 11. Also, I often the whole with the new words.此外，我经常把含有新单词的整个句子抄下来。 12. I listen to and the texts I can learn them .我听并重复课文，直到我能记住它们。 课文重点解析 考点1.In our listening class this afternoon,we practiced how to take notes.在今天下午的听力课上，我们练习了如何记笔记。 讲note,名词，意为“笔记；记录”，常指在听讲或读书等时的笔记。 take notes 意为“记笔记”。 例We should take notes carefully in English class.在英语课堂上我们应该认真记笔记。 拓展note 作名词时的其他意思及用法 （1）短笺；便条a thank you note-封感谢信 （2）纸币；钞票a 5 yuan note 一张5元纸币 （3）单音;音符high/low notes高音低音 （1）The old man wrote to Linlin because she helped him find his missing pet dog.这位老人给琳琳写了一封感谢信，因为她帮他找到了丢失的宠物狗。 （2）The boy found on his way home.这个男孩在回家路上捡到了一张5元的纸币。 （3）I played a lot of wrong when I played the piano.弹钢琴的时候我弹错了好多个音符。 考点2.We attended a speech this morning.It was about why natural food is good for our body.今天上午我们参加了一场演讲。它是关于为什么天然食物对我们的身体有益。 讲attend,动词，意为“参加；出席” attend a speech 意为“参加演讲”。 My father attended an international meeting last week.我父亲上周出席了一场国际会议。 (1)拓展attend 作动词时的其他意思 Attend（1）经常去，定期去（某处）（2）注意;专心 （3）随同；陪同 You should the dentist's for regular check-ups.你应该定期去牙医诊所进行检查。 He isn't in class.课堂上他一直不专心。 The old man is always by his daughter when he goes out.外出时这位老人的女儿一直陪着他。 考点3.We learned how to search for information online in the science class yesterday. The internet is really a useful tool, and it also creates such a magical world.我们在昨天的科学课上学习了如何在网上搜索信息。互联网真是一个有用的工具，创造了一个如此神奇的世界。 讲（1）learn how to do sth.意为“学习如何做某事”，其中不定式结构 how to do sth.在句中作 learn 的宾语。 例We can learn how to solve this math problem from our math teacher.我们可以向数学老师学习如何解决这道数学题。 讲2)such a意为“如此/这么/这样的一讲个...”。 例Some people like to help others quietly,and Mr. Li is such a person.有些人喜欢悄悄帮助他人，李先生就是这样的一个人。 拓展such,限定词/代词，意为“这样，如此，非常（用于强调）；上述一类，诸如此类，这种，这类（用于指已提到的人或事物）”，常修饰名词。 例（1）-It's such a fine day that I want to go for a picnic with my friends.今天天气真好以至于我想跟朋友一起去野餐。 -Me, too.我也是。 （2）-For this meeting, they will invite some famous singers, musicians and such.这次会议他们将邀请一些著名歌手、音乐家之类的人。-That's great!那太好了！ 辨析such 和 so such常修饰名词 ①such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句限定 ②such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句 ③ such +形容词+不可数名词+that从句 so常修饰形容词或副词 ①so+形容词/副词+that 从句 ②so many/much/few/little+名词+that从句注意： 注意 ①such + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数= so +形容词/副词+a/an+可数名词单数； ②如果修饰名词表示“多、少”时,只能用“so+many/much/few/little+that从句”来表示。 （1）She is a clever girl that she can always get first place in exams.她是一个如此聪明的女孩以至于她总能够在考试中得第一名。 （2）-They are beautiful flowers that everyone likes them.它们是如此美丽的花以至于人人都喜欢。 （3）It's exciting news that we're all excited.这是个如此令人兴奋的消息以至于我们都很激动。 （4）The flowers are beautiful that everyone likes them.这些花如此美丽以至于人人都喜欢。 （5）-There were many people on the bus that I couldn't find a seat.公交车上人是如此多以至于我找不到座位。 考点4.We did an experiment in today's chemistry class. I was shocked to see the color changing from purple to silver.我们今天在化学课上做了一个实验。我很震惊地看到那颜色从紫色变成银色。 讲shocked,形容词，意为“震惊的；惊愕的”。be shocked to do sth.意为“对做某事感到震惊”。 例I was quite shocked to see his crazy behavior.看到他疯狂的行为，我感到非常震惊。 辨析shocked shocking shocked形容词 震惊的；惊愕的；气愤的；厌恶的 　　 be shocked at/bysb./sth.某人/某事感到震惊；对某人/某事感到气愤/厌恶 shocking形容词 令人震惊的；令人气愤的；惹人憎恶的 既可作定语又可作表语,主语通常是事物。 （1）They were at the news of his death.(作表语，主语是人)他们对他的死感到震惊。 （2）We are all by the boy's bad behavior.(作表语，主语是人)我们都对这个男孩的糟糕行为感到气愤。 （3）It's news for all of us.作定语，主语是事物)这对我们来说是个令人震惊的消息。 （4）The news is .(作表语，主语是事物)这个消息令人震惊。 （5）Our old house is in a state.定语，主语是事物)我们的老房子破败得不成样子。 考点5.I can hardly remember any new words.我几乎记不住任何新单词。 讲hardly,副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”。 例He hardly smokes after giving it up.他戒烟后几乎不吸烟了。 辨析hardly与hard hardly几乎不;几乎没有 表达否定意思。常用于can 和 could之后,主要动词之前。 hard （1）形容词 困苦的；艰苦的；艰难的have a hard life过着艰苦的生活 难做的;难懂的;难以回答的a hard choice艰难的选择 　　 耗费体力（或脑力)的;辛苦的hard work 坚固的；坚硬的a hard board一块坚硬的木板 冷酷无情的;硬心肠的；无同情心的a hard man一个冷酷无情的人 （2）副词 努力地；费力地；艰难地work hard努力工作 　　 沉重地；大量地；长时间地rain hard雨下得大 （1）He calls me.(作副词)他几乎没有给我来过电话。 （2）I could believe my eyes.我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。 （3）People had a life in the past.(形容词)过去人们过着艰难的生活。 （4）It's a choice for me.这让我难以抉择。 （5）He was in a lot of pain after falling on the ground.他摔在坚硬的地面上，感到非常疼痛。 （6）Mr. Wang is a man.王先生是一个冷酷无情的人。 （7）You need to work to catch up with others.作副词)你需要努力学习才能赶上他人。 （8）I have to wait because it's raining outside.因为外面雨下得大，所以我不得不原地等待。 考点6.I always write down new words in a notebook and go over them whenever I have time.我总是把新单词写在笔记本上，并且一有时间就复习它们。 讲1)go over意为“反复研究；仔细琢磨”，口语中通常可译为“复习”，可与review互换。 例He went over the whole thing in his mind at night.晚上他反复琢磨这整件事。 I often go over/review my notes at night.我经常在晚上复习笔记。 拓展go over(to)的其他意思 转向另一立场(或见解、习惯等) 从一处到(另一处) 切换到另一人物(或地点) （1）Many people to the safe places during the wars.战时许多人迁徙到安全的地方。 （2）Let's to the flood in the south.让我们把目光转向南方的洪水。 讲2)whenever,连词，意为“每当；无论何时”，可与 no matter when 互换。 例Whenever you need help, please call me.=No matter when you need help, please call me.无论何时你需要帮助，请给我打电话。 归纳 whatever =no matter what无论什么 whoever no matter who无论是谁 wherever= no matter where无论在哪儿 however= no matter how无论怎样 whichever no matter which无论哪个/哪些 考点7.Also, I often copy down the whole sentences with the new words.此外，我经常把含有新单词的整个句子抄下来。 讲copy down 意为“抄写，抄下；抄录”，还可表述为 copy out。 例Linlin copied down several poems yesterday afternoon.琳琳昨天下午抄录了几首诗歌。 拓展copy作动词时的其他意思 （1）复制;复印;仿造;临摹 （2）抄写；誊写 （3）模仿；效法；仿效 （4）作弊；抄袭 （5）拷贝；复制 （1）The young man the great artists' paintings for years.这个年轻人多年来一直在临摹那些著名画家的画作。 （2）-The little girl likes to the lines in her notebook.这个小女孩喜欢把歌词抄写在笔记本上。 （3）The pupils often everything their teacher does.小学生经常效仿他们老师的一举一动。 （4）He was punished for in the English exam.他因为在英语考试中作弊而受到惩罚。 考点8.I listen to and repeat the texts until I can learn them by heart.我听并重复课文，直到我能记住它们。 讲by heart 意为“单凭记忆；能背诵”。 He read the poem again and again until he can recite it .他一遍遍朗读这篇诗词直到能背诵下来。 随堂训练 一、单项选择 1. Last summer, our math teacher ______ our football team and helped us win a very important game. A. join B. joins C. joined D. will join 2. —What did you do this morning? —I ______ a speech about why natural food is good for our body. A. attended B. joined C. took part D. ntered 3. —______ you give me some advice on how to improve my listening? —Sure. You can listen to and repeat the texts until you learn them by heart. A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Could 4. Do you know ______ he began to love math? A. what B. why C. when D. where 5. We should practice ______ English with classmates every day to improve oral English. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoken 二、单句语法填空 1. Yesterday, we ________(do) an experiment in chemistry class. The color changed from purple to silver. 2. When we have trouble in study, we can search _______ useful information online. 3. My cousin and I learned to cook last Sunday, and now we _________(can) make delicious pizza. 4. Kangkang always writes down new words in a notebook _________(and) copies the whole sentences with them. 5. I joined a cooking club last summer _______ met Meimei there. She is very friendly. 6. We __________(attend) a math class this morning. Miss Wang asked us to solve the same problem in different ways. 7. —How do you remember new words? —I go over them whenever I have ______ free minute. 8. Lingling sticks new words on the wall _______ she can read them aloud easily. 9. Last week, we ________(take) notes carefully in the listening class to practice note-taking skills. 10. Wang Junfeng said he ________(hard) remember any new words, so he needed help. 三、语篇选词填空（用方框内单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次） learn, join, coach, help, attend, become, exchange, share, make, look up Last summer was a great time for me to 1. ________ new skills and meet friends. First, I 2. ________ our school football team. Our math teacher also 3. ________ the team and 4. ________ us win an important game. After that, I started to love math! Then, I 5. ________ a cooking club. There I met Meimei—she is kind and helpful, and we soon 6. ________ good friends. We 7. ________ cooking skills with each other and 8. ________ our homemade dishes every week. Now, we can both 9. ________ delicious meals. When I have questions about cooking, I also 10. ________ tips online. It’s really a useful way to learn! 四、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. In yesterday’s science class, we __________ __________ __________ (做了一个实验) and observed interesting chemical changes. 2. To remember new words well, you should __________ __________ __________ (复习它们) whenever you have time. 3. We practiced how to __________ __________ (记笔记) in the listening class this afternoon—it’s helpful for listening tests. 4. If you want to __________ __________ __________ (提高英语口语), you’d better talk with friends in English often. 5. When you don’t know the answer to a question, you can __________ __________ __________ __________ (在线搜索信息) to find it. 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 你今天早上做什么了？我听了一场关于自然食物的演讲。 —What __________ you __________ this morning? —I __________ a speech about natural food. 2. 我们昨天在科学课上学了如何在线搜索信息。 We __________ how __________ __________ __________ information online in the science class yesterday. 3. 你能给我一些如何提高听力的建议吗？ __________ you __________ me some advice on how __________ __________ my listening? 4. 王军峰几乎记不住任何新单词，他在这方面有困难。 Wang Junfeng can __________ remember any new words, and he __________ __________ __________ in this. 5. 玲玲通过把生词贴在墙上学习新单词，这样她能随时大声读。 Lingling learns new words by __________ them __________ the wall, so she can __________ __________ __________ whenever she sees them. 六、句型转换 1. We had a math class this morning.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ you __________ this morning? 2. I attended a speech about natural food yesterday.（改为否定句） I __________ __________ a speech about natural food yesterday. 3. We learned to cook pizza with our cousins last Sunday.（改为同义句） We learned __________ __________ __________ pizza with our cousins last Sunday. 4. Kangkang can remember new words by writing them in a notebook.（改为一般疑问句） __________ Kangkang __________ new words by writing them in a notebook? 5. Lingling copies new words on pieces of paper to read them easily.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ Lingling copy new words on pieces of paper __________? Exploring the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 笔；钢笔 背景 国家；州；状态 大师 思想；想法；看法 诗 真相；实情；事实；真理 能力 丈夫 意思；意义 社会主义 词典；字典 动词 死；死亡 使想起；提醒 使失望 想象 假定；假设；推断 使满足;使满意 副词、介词 except除……之外abroad 在国外 形容词 数字的；数码的 外国的；涉外的 个人的；私人的 能；能够 其他的；另外的 私立的；私营的 充满智慧的;明智的充满智慧的;明智的 兼类词 v.(使)增长，增多，增加 n.增长；增多；增加 重点短语 出发；动身；启程 文化背景 使某人想起某事 在巨大压力下 摆脱；离开（某地）；逃脱 向前走；向前迈一步 the Spring and Autumn Period 开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事 the State of Qi 沉迷于某事 对...有信心 在某人的晚年 (为某种目的)动用，利用（信息、经验、知识等） 偶尔；有时 说实话 注意 在数字时代 创立,成立,建立 做某事的天赋 有能力做某事 让人理解自己 在某方面相似 弥补（不良情况）；补偿（失去之物） 一...就... 重点句子 1.I some things before I .出发前我准备了一些东西。 2. He used his pen to the benefits of the Chinese people. He in 1936.他用他的笔为中国人民的利益而斗争。他死于1936年。 3. What does Bowen's you ？博文的经历让你想起了什么？ 4. Xuanxuan is under great now because she doesn't want to herself and her parents. 萱萱现在压力很大，因为她不想让自己和父母失望。 5. She online to find ways to pressure. Here is some advice.她在网上搜索寻找摆脱压力的方法。这里有一些建议。 6. Music can make you calm and encourage you to step forward.音乐可以让你平静下来，并鼓励你前进。 7. Confucius (551BCE-479BCE) was one of the greatest and during the Spring and Autumn Period.孔子（公元前551年—公元前479年）是春秋时期最伟大的思想家和教育家之一。 8. At 15， Confucius . 15岁时，孔子开始专心学习。 9. When he was learning Shao music in the State of Qi, he was in the music and noticed the taste of meat for a few months. 他在齐国学韶乐时，沉浸其中，几乎几个月都尝不出肉的味道。 10. Zilu was .子路对自己太自信了。 11. So once Confucius told him, " know what you know and what you do not know,that is .”所以孔子曾告诉他：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。” 12. In his late years, even when Confucius became a , he never others.在晚年，即使已经成为了大师，孔子也从未停止向他人学习。 13. Confucius told his students, "When I walk with two others, they may serve me as my teachers." This famous saying shows the learning of Confucius.子告诉学生：“三人行，必有我师焉。”这句名言体现了孔子的学习精神。 14. You may need to .你可能需要不时地借鉴他的智慧。 15. Just like the master said, " the old and you will have new ideas.”就像大师所说：“温故而知新。” 16. a school and taught students there 创办私学，教授弟子 17. In the age, computers and smart phones are important of people's life.在数字时代，电脑和智能手机是人们生活的重要组成部分。 18. The girl has a to learn languages. 这个女孩儿有学习语言的天赋。 19. , you learn it to your need. 的个人需求。 20. You should be able to others and .理解别人，也能让别人理解你。 21. So, , you have practical goals of listening, speaking, reading and writing; on the other hand, you are using the language to do real things .因此，一方面，你有听、说、读、写的实际目标；另一方面，你也在日常生活中使用这门语言做实际的事情。 22. for a natural language use environment, what else is in your learning activities?除了自然的语言使用环境，你们的学习活动还有什么相似之处？ 23. And how can you the loss of the language use environment?你如何能够弥补语言使用环境的缺失？ 24. Please tell me you finish your homework. 作业一完成就请立刻告诉我。 25.I didn't understand the meaning of "socialism" I in the dictionary.直到查了字典，我才明白“社会主义”的意思。 考点1.prepared some things before I set off.出发前我准备了一些东西。 讲set off意为“出发；动身；启程”，可与start out/off 互换。 例We'll set off early to be there on time.=We'll start out/off early to be there on time.我们将会早点出发以便能准时到那。 拓展set off 的其他用法及意思 set sth. off=set off sth.引起,激发(尤指意外事件) 触响(警报系统) 衬托某物;使某物显得更漂亮 set sb. off 激起某人的某种情感(指引起某人发笑、哭泣、谈论某事等) （1）His words anger in his class just now.刚刚他的话在教室里引起了众怒。 （2）The smoke will the alarm.烟雾会触发火警报警器。 （3）The golden sunlight the beautiful lake.金色的阳光把这个漂亮的湖衬托得更美。 （4）The bad news may her again.这个坏消息可能又会让她哭起来。 考点2.After seven years of studying abroad,he returned to China in 1909.在国外学习七年之后，他于1909年回到中国。 讲abroad,副词，意为“在国外；到国外”。study abroad 意为“出国留学”。 例Wang Lin plans to study abroad in three years.王林打算三年后出国留学。 拓展abroad的相关短语 go abroad出国 travel abroad/ make a tour abroad出国旅游 at home and abroad国内外 考点3.He used his pen to fight for the benefits of the Chinese people. He died in 1936.他用他的笔为中国人民的利益而斗争。他死于1936年。 讲die,动词，意为“死；死亡”。过去式为died,现在分词为 dying。 例The dog died soon after it was hit by a car.这只狗被车撞后不久就死去了。 拓展die 的相关短语 die for sth.为……而死/献身 die down减弱;平息 die out消失;灭绝 die of/from表示死于某种疾病或创伤 die in表示死于意外事故 （1）He loves his country so much that he would like to r her,他如此热爱自己的国家以至于他愿意为之奉献自己的生命。-Me, too.我也是。 （2）The excitement after he got home.回家后他的兴奋之情就平息了。 （3）Some of the wild animals will if we don't protect them.如果我们不加以保护，一些野生动物将会灭绝。 （4）The old man a serious illness last month.这位老人上个月死于一种严重的疾病。 （5）He in a car accident.他死于一起交通事故。 归纳表示“死亡”的几种表述 die死；死亡 pass away去世 lose one's life丧生 lay down one's life献出自己的生命,牺牲 drop dead猝死,暴毙 （1）Some animals because of the sudden snowstorm.一些动物因为突然的暴风雪而死亡。 （2）The great scientist when he was 100.这位伟大的科学家在100岁时去世了。 （3）Three people their in the fire.三个人在这次火灾中丧生了。 （4）The young man when he saved the boy in the river.这位年轻人在河里救小男孩时牺牲了。 （5）The old man of a heart attack one day.一天，这位老人突发心脏病去世了。 考点4.For example, when he wants to learn something with the cultural background, like "hot dog", he will search online for information about the culture.例如，当他想了解一些有文化背景的东西时，比如“热狗”，他会在网上搜索相关的文化信息。 讲1)background,名词，意为“背景”。cultural background意为“文化背景”。 Some of his ideas come from his cultural background.他的一些想法来自他的文化背景。 拓展background 的其他意思 background （1）出身，个人背景 （2）(事情的)背景情况 （3）(尤指图片上主要事物的)背景，后景 （4）(图画、文字等的)底子,底色 归纳background的其他相关短语 family background家庭背景，家庭出身 social background社会背景 educational background教育背景 ethnic background种族背景 （1）Can you tell me about his ?你能告诉我他的出身吗？ （2）I don't want to talk about it because I don't know the to it.我不了解这件事的背景情况，所以我不想谈论它。 （3）You can see some beautiful flowers in the of this photo.在这张照片的背景中你能看到一些漂亮的花。 （4）We need to take some photos with a red .我们需要拍一些红底的照片。 讲2)本句是一个复合句，主句为“he will search online for information about the culture",从句是由 when 引导的时间状语从句。 注意when 引导的时间状语从句的时态变化： （1）从句部分用一般现在时，主句常用现在进行时或一般将来时等。 （2）从句部分用一般过去时,主句常用一般过去时或过去进行时等。 My mother when I get back home.当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。 When he to do exercise, he will go to the gym.当他想锻炼的时候，他就会去体育馆。 All my classmates when I walked into the classroom.当我走进教室的时候，所有同学都在读书。 考点5.What does Bowen's experience remind you of博文的经历让你想起了什么？ 讲remind,动词，意为“使想起；提醒”。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”。 例The old photo reminded me of my childhood.这张老照片使我想起了童年。 拓展remind作动词时其他常见用法 remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.+(that)从句提醒某人... remind oneself提醒某人自己 Mom me buy some milk on my way home.妈妈提醒我在回家路上买一些牛奶。 Mr. Wang me I still had a lot of work to do the next day.王先生提醒我明天还有很多工作要做。 He made a list to to buy some things in the supermarket.他列了一个清单来提醒自己要在超市买些东西。 考点6.Xuanxuan is under great pressure now because she doesn't want to disappoint herself and her parents.萱萱现在压力很大，因为她不想让自己和父母失望。 讲1)under pressure意为“承受着（急于完成某事的)压力”，其中pressure前可加形容词修饰，表示“承受...的压力”。 例I'm under great pressure at work these days.最近我工作压力很大。 拓展 pressure作名词时的相关短语 put pressure on sb.向某人施加压力 be/come under pressure from sb. (to do sth.)受到来自某人的压力（做某事） give in to pressure屈从于压力 relieve/reduce pressure(on sb./sth.)减轻(某人/某物的)压力 get out of pressure摆脱压力 high blood pressure高血压 （1）Our school is pressure on us to pay more attention to reading books.我们学校给我们施加压力让我们更关注阅读。 （2）I am pressure from my parents to be a lawyer.我父母一直逼我当一名律师。 （3）We should never pressure.我们应该永远不向压力低头。 （4）Talking to others can help us pressure.与他人交流能帮助我们减轻压力。 （5）Eating too much salt and fat for a longtime can cause .长时间摄入过多的盐和脂肪会导致高血压。 讲2)disappoint,动词，意为“使失望；使破灭；使落空”。 例I don't want to disappoint my parents,so I study hard.我不想让我的父母失望，所以我努力学习。 辨析disappoint, disappointed,disappointing和 disappointment disappoint常作谓语，后跟人称代词宾格或名词。 disappoint sb. 使某人失望使失望；使破灭；使落空 disappoint sb's hopes/expectations/plans让某人的希望/期望/计划破灭(落空) disappointed形容词 失望的；沮丧的；失意的 be disappointed at/ with/ about sth.对...感到失望修饰人 be disappointed to do sth.失望地做某事 be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望作定语修饰人。 disappointed visitors 失望的游客 disappointing形容词 令人失望的;令人沮丧的;令人扫兴的 be disappointing to do sth. 做某事令人失望 disappointment名词 失望；扫兴；沮丧 　　to one's disappointment 让某人失望的是 （1）His absence our plan to travel.(动词作谓语)他的缺席使我们的出行计划破灭了。 （2）My parents were at my grades in this exam.(形容词作表语)我父母对我这次的考试成绩感到失望。 （3）He was to see the result.看到这个结果他非常失望。 （4）I am very in you.我对你感到十分失望。 （5）The visitors left quickly.(形容词作定语)失望的游客们迅速离开了。 （6）The new movie is very .(形容词作表语)这部新电影令人非常失望。 （7）This is a new movie.形容词作定语)这是一部令人失望的新电影。 （8）To our , the bookstore was closed, and we couldn't buy the book we wanted.作名词)让我们失望的是，这家书店关门了，我们买不到我们想要的书了。 考点7.She searches online to find ways toget out of pressure. Here is some advice.她在网上搜索寻找摆脱压力的方法。这里有一些建议。 讲get out of意为“摆脱；离开（某地）；逃脱”。 例He wanted to get out of the duty to clean the classroom.他想逃避打扫教室的责任。 拓展get out of的其他用法及意思 get out of doing sth.逃避做某事、放弃做某事 get out of sth.放弃,戒除,抛弃(习惯) get sth. out of sb./sth.从……中获得(有益的东西) （1）I want to farming.我想放弃务农了。 （2）It's our duty to clean the classroom. You can't tidying it.打扫教室是我们的责任，你不能逃避。 （3）I hope my father can the habit of smoking.我希望我爸爸能戒除吸烟的习惯。 （4）We can .我们能从阅读中受益良多。 考点8.Imagine your success in the exams.想象一下你考试成功的样子。 讲imagine,动词，意为“想象”。 例I can't imagine the life without mobile phones.我不能想象没有手机的生活。 拓展①常用结构 imagine+(that)从句 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象某人做某事 例（1）Imagine that you are the earth in space.想象你正在太空中俯瞰地球。 （2）Just imagine the plane in the sky!想象一下驾驶飞机在空中飞行！ （3）I can imagine her so.我完全想象得到她会那么说。 注意imagine 在句中作谓语且引导that从句时，从句是否定句时应该进行否定前移，即在主句上否定（形式上在主句上进行否定，语义上对从句进行否定)。类似用法的单词还有 think、suppose、believe等。 例I don't imagine that he will come for the party.我认为他不会来参加聚会。 imagine 的相关单词 imagination名词,意为“想象力;想象”。 imaginative形容词,意为“富于想象力的;创新的”。 imaginatively副词,意为“富于想象力地;创新地;别出心裁地”。 unimaginable形容词,意为“难以置信的;不可想象的”。 　　 考点9.At 15, Confucius got down to studying.15岁时，孔子开始专心学习。 讲get down to doing sth./to sth.意为“开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事”。 例We should get down to reviewing our lessons.我们应该开始认真复习功课。 Let's get down to our work today.让我们开始今天的工作吧。 注意get down to 中的 to 为介词，后接动词-ing 形式。 归纳类似用法的短语 stick to doing sth.坚持做某事 pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 make a contribution to doing sth. 为做某事做贡献 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 拓展 get down 的其他用法及意思 get sb. down使某人忧郁,使某人厌烦 get sth. down写下，记下（尤指某人说的话） get sth. down(sb.)(使某人)吃下/喝下某物 get down(吃完饭)下桌(英式儿语) （1）The failure of his business him .生意的失败使他有些消沉。 （2）You'd better listen to your teacher carefully in class and some of her key words.你最好在课堂上认真听老师讲话并记下她说的一些关键词。 （3）- that tea you.你把那杯茶喝了。-OK.好的。 （4）Can I , Dad?爸爸，我能下桌了吗？ 考点10.When he was learning Shao music in the State of Qi, he was lost in the music and hardly noticed the taste of meat for a few months.他在齐国学韶乐时，沉浸其中，几乎几个月都尝不出肉的味道。 讲1)state,名词，意为“国家；州”。the State of Qi 意为“齐国”。 例Some states of America are near the ocean.美国的一些州临近海洋。 拓展① state作名词时还可意为“状态；状况；情况”。 例She was in a bad state yesterday.她昨天状态很差。 　The country is in a state of war.这个国家正处于战争状态。 ② state还可作动词,意为“陈述;说明;声明”，statement 为其名词形式，意为“说明；说法；表白；表态”。 例He has clearly stated the reasons in his report.他已经在报告中清晰地陈述了原因。 -Which of the statements is right?哪一种说法是正确的？-I don't know.我不知道。 讲2)be lost in sth.意为“沉迷于某事；沉浸于某事；全神贯注”，可与lose oneself in sth.互换。 例Li Ming is often lost in reading books.=Li Ming often loses himself in reading books.李明经常沉浸在阅读中。 考点11.Zilu was too confident about himself.子路对自己太自信了。 讲be confident about 意为“对...有信心”，后可跟名词或反身代词。 be confident about同义短语feel confident about 或 have confidence in It's important for young students to themselves.对于年轻的学生来说，对自己充满信心是非常重要的。 I don't have in myself at school.我在学校时不自信。 考点12.In his late years, even when Confucius became a master, he never stopped learning from others.在晚年，即使已经成为了大师，孔子也从未停止向他人学习。 讲in one's late years意为“在某人的晚年”，也可表述为 in one's later years 或 during the last/later years of one's life. 例He went to live with his son in his late years.他在晚年时搬去和他儿子一起生活了。 链接in one's late fifties意为“在某人接近六十岁的时候”，常指56—59这个年龄段。 例In his late fifties, he traveled around China with his wife.在快六十岁的时候，他和妻子一起环游中国。 考点13.You may need to draw on his wisdom from time to time.你可能需要不时地借鉴他的智慧。 讲1)draw on意为“（为某种目的）动用，利用（信息、经验、知识等）”，可与draw upon 互换。 例-Only by drawing on our hard work,can we gain more.只有凭借勤奋，我们才能收获更多。 -You're right.你说得对。 拓展draw on还可意为“（时光）渐渐过去，荏苒”。 例The happy time drew on, and we have grown up already.快乐时光一去不复返，我们已经长大了。 讲2)from time to time意为“偶尔；有时”，可与 at times 或 sometimes 互换。 例She comes back to see the old house from time to time after moving.=She comes back to see the old house at times after moving.She sometimes comes back to see the old house after moving.搬走后她不时地回来看看旧房子。 考点14.always telling the truth一直说实话 讲truth,名词，意为“真相；实情；事实；真理”。 tell the truth 意为“说实话”，可构成固定搭配 to tell the truth,意为“（承认某事）说实话，老实说”。例Our teacher often asks us to tell the truth.我们老师经常要求我们要讲实话。 To tell the truth, the food in this restaurant is awful.老实说，这家餐馆的饭菜糟透了。 拓展 truth 的相关单词 truthful形容词，意为“诚实的，一向说实话的”,与 honest同义。 truthfully副词,意为“诚实地;如实地”。 untruthful形容词，意为“说谎的；不说实话的”。 （1）He is a boy.他是个诚实的孩子。 （2）I hope you can answer my question .我希望你能如实回答我的问题。 （3）The child is . He likes telling lies.这个孩子不诚实，他喜欢撒谎。 考点15.Set up a private school and taughtstudents there创办私学，教授弟子 讲set up 意为“创立，成立，建立”。 例They want to set up their own import-export business.他们想要成立自己的进出口公司。 Our school set up a new lab last year.我们学校去年建立了一个新实验室。 拓展set up 的其他用法及意思 set up shop/in business 开店/开始做生意安排某事 set sth. upset up sth.安装；架设；调试(尤指临时)建起，竖起 （1）Mr. Wang plans to shop else wherein America.王先生计划在美国其他地方开分店。 （2）Miss Yang is the interview on tomorrow morning.杨女士正在安排明天上午的面试。 （3）The workers are the equipment for the concert.工人们正在安装音乐会所需的各种设备。 （4）My father the tent and my mother took out all the food from the car.我爸爸搭起帐篷，我妈妈从车上拿出所有的食物。 考点16.In the digital age, computers and smart phones are important parts of people's life.在数字时代，电脑和智能手机是人们生活的重要组成部分。 讲digital,形容词，意为“数字的；数码的”in the digital age 意为“在数字时代”。 例Everything is changing rapidly in the digital age.在数字时代，一切都在快速变化。 归纳digital 的相关短语 digital TV数字电视 a digital signal数字信号 a digital camera数码相机 digital media数字媒体 a digital wallet数字钱包 a digital watch电子手表 考点17.Suppose you move to a foreign country but don't speak the language.假设你移居国外但不会说该国语言。 讲1)suppose,动词，意为“假定；假设；推断”。 例Let's suppose someone falls into the river. What will you do?假设有人落水了，你将怎么做？ 拓展suppose 的其他意思及用法 suppose(根据所知)认为，推断，料想 　　 (婉转表达)我看,要我说,要不 be supposed to do/be sth. （按规定、习惯、安排等)应当，应，该，须 例（1）I suppose that it'll be cooler later in this week.我觉得这周后面几天天气要凉快点。 （2）You can go in my car, I suppose.要不你坐我的车吧。 （3）-Everyone is supposed to save water.每个人都应当节约用水。-You're right.你说得对。 注意当 suppose 在句中作谓语且后跟 that引导的从句时，从句是否定句时应该进行否定前移，即在形式上对主句进行否定。 例I don't suppose you can finish your work in three hours.(√)我觉得你不可能在3小时内完成工作。 I suppose you can't finish your work inthree hours. (x) 讲2)foreign,形容词，意为“外国的；涉外的”。 拓展foreigner 为其名词形式，意为“外国人”。 例It's not easy to learn a foreign language,but it may be more difficult for foreigners to learn Chinese.学习一门外语不容易，但对外国人来说学习汉语可能更难。 考点18.Instead, you learn it to satisfy your personal needs.相反，你学习它是为了满足你的个人需求。 讲1)satisfy,动词，意为“使满足；使满意”。 What I did satisfied my parents.我做的事让我父母很满意。 辨析satisfy, satisfied, satisfying l satisfaction satisfy动词　使满意；使满足 　　　satisfy sb.使某人满意 satisfied形容词　满意的 be satisfied with sb./sth.=be pleased with sb./sth.对某人/某物感到满意 satisfying形容词 令人满意的、令人高兴的 satisfaction名词 满足满意 　　to one's satisfaction让某人满意的是 （1）-This plan will not everyone.(动词作谓语)这个计划不会让所有人都满意。-Yes.是的。 （2）Wang Lin's family are with their new home.(形容词作表语)王林全家都对他们的新家很满意。 （3）We had a meal on the last day of the trip.(形容词作定语)旅行的最后一天我们吃了一顿令人满意的饭。 （4）Being praised by so many people brought him a deep sense of .不可数名词)被如此多的人表扬给他带来了深深的满足感。 讲2)personal,形容词，意为“个人的；私人的”，通常用于名词前作定语。 例We must protect our personal details when we surf the internet.上网时我们要保护好我们的个人信息。 考点19.You should be able to understand others and make yourself understood.你应该能够理解别人，也让能别人理解你。 讲1)able,形容词，意为“能；能够”。be able to do sth.意为“有能力做某事”。 例He was able to speak English when he was four.他4岁时就会说英语了。 拓展able的相关单词及用法 ability名词 能力 反义词为inability,意为“无能；无力；不能”。 the ability to do sth.做某事的能力 have /show the ability to do sth.有/展示出做某事的能力 disability　可数名词 (某种)缺陷 　　with a disability有……障碍/缺陷满 disabled　形容词　丧失能力的；有残疾的;无能力的 the disabled意为“残疾人;伤残者”,表示复数含义。 unable　　形容词 未能；无法 　 be unable to do sth.未能做某事；不能做某事 （1）He has the to communicate with others well.他具备良好的沟通能力。 （2）This boy has learning .这个男孩有学习障碍。 （3）We helped look after the children in children's home yesterday.昨天我们去了儿童之家帮忙照顾残疾儿童。 （4）The must be looked after well.残疾人应当被好好照顾。 （5）They were to find their pet dog.他们未能找到他们的宠物狗。 讲2)others,代词，泛指其他的人或物，常与some连用，构成some..others.结构，意为“一些...另一些...”。例Some students like playing basketball,while others like playing football.一些同学喜欢打篮球，另一些同学则喜欢踢足球。 讲3)make oneself understood意为“让人理解自己”，make后跟动词过去分词作宾语补足语。 例I spoke English slowly to make myself understood by my foreign friends.我英语讲得很慢以便我的外国朋友能听懂我说的话。 归纳类似短语： make oneself heard让人听到自己 make oneself seen让人看到自己 make oneself known让人知道自己 （1）She raised her voice to in the noisy classroom.她提高噪音以便大家在吵的教室里能听见她的声音。 （2）The girl stood on a table to by her mother.这个女孩儿站在桌子上以便能被她妈妈看见。 （3）The new classmate introduced himself to in the new class.这位新同学进行了自我介绍以便大家能认识他。 考点20.Except for a natural language use environment, what else is similar in your learning activities?除了自然的语言使用环境，你们的学习活动还有什么相似之处？ 讲1)except,介词，意为“除...之外”，用于所言不包括的人或事物前。 注意如果用在句子开头，必须用except for 接名词。 例（1）Everyone is here except/except for Tom.除了汤姆之外所有人都来了。 （2） Except for Sunday, the shop is open every day.除了周日，这家店每天都开门。 拓展except的其他用法及意思 except(that)要不是由于（用于说明某事没做成或没发生的原因) except when 意为“除非当...时候”，when 不可省略。except to do sth. 意为“除了做某事”。 （1）Linda could think of nothing to say that she was so sorry.除了表示很抱歉之外，琳达想不出有什么话好说。 （2）I'm as old as you, that you're taller than me.我们一样大，只是你比我高一些。 （3）He wouldn't drink water when he was too thirsty.除非非常渴，否则他是不会喝水的。 （4）He didn't talk about anything, except say his head hurt.他只是说头疼，别的没提。 辨析except,besides 和 but except除……之外 　　指从整体中排除掉except后的部分，常与 all、everybody、everything等词连用。介词；连词；动词 besides除……之外(还) 　　指在原来的基础上加上 besides 后的部分。 but除……以外 　　but后是仅有或仅存的内容，尤用于nothing、no, all, any. anyone,everything,everyone等词后。介词；连词；副词；名词 　　当but前有实义动词do时，but后的不定式需省去 to。 　　have no choice but to do除了做某事外别无选择 （1）He likes all the subjects math.除了数学外他喜欢所有的学科。 （2） math, Mingming doesn't like Chinese, either.除了数学外，明明也不喜欢语文。 （3）He took everything away from the room a bed.他把房间里所有东西都搬走了，只留下一张床。 （4）He did nothing see a film last night.昨晚除了看了场电影他啥也没干。 （5）I had no choice to accept the task.除了接受这项任务外我别无选择。 讲2)be similar in sth.意为“在某方面相似”。 例The two girls are similar in personality.这两个女孩儿性格十分相似。 辨析be similar to 和 be similar in短语 be similar to　与……相似 表示某人或某物与另一个人或另一个事物相似,强调整体或本质相似。 be similar in在某方面相似 表示人或物在大小、外貌、形状、性格等方面相似。 例English learning is similar to Chinese learning.英语的学习和汉语的学习很相似。 考点21.And how can you make up for the loss of the language use environment?你如何能够弥补语言使用环境的缺失？ 讲make up for意为“弥补（不良情况）；补（失去之物）”。 例He was not clever enough, but he made up for it with hard work.他不够聪明，但他用勤奋来弥补。 拓展make up的其他用法及意思 make up sth.构成 be made up of sth.由……组成/构成 make sth. up编造,假装 make sth. up创作,编写(故事、歌曲、游戏等) make sb. up给某人化妆 make up with sb.(非正式)与某人和解,可与make peace with sb.互换 make sth. up补上,补回(时间或工作) （1）Women and children the group.妇女和儿童构成了这个小组。 （2）The basketball team different players from all over the world.这支篮球队是由来自世界各地的球员组成的。 （3）The story is not true; he .这个故事不是真的，是他编造出来的。 （4）The band a new song.这个乐队创作出了一首新歌。 （5）They are the actress before performing.表演前他们正在为这位女演员化妆。 （6）I my best friend yesterday.我昨天和我最好的朋友和解了。 （7）I need to the work I left yesterday.我需要把昨天遗留下来的工作补上。 考点22.Please tell me as soon as you finish your homework.作业一完成就请立刻告诉我。 讲as soon as意为“一....就...”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作紧接从句动作发生，两个动作间几乎没有间隔。 时态（1）当从句部分用一般现在时态时，主句应该用将来时态或一般现在时。 　　（2）当从句部分用一般过去时，主句应该用一般过去时或过去完成时。 　　（3）一般真理用一般现在时。 （1）I will call you as soon as I to Beijing.(主将从现)一到北京我就会给你打电话。 （2）He as soon as the race began.个动作都已发生，主从句皆为过去时)比赛一开始他就冲出去了。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. — What were you doing ________ your father came back last night? — I was reading a book about Confucius. A. when B. while C. after D. until 2. This school offers ________ courses for students who are interested in traditional culture. A. education B. educational C. educate D. educator 3. Lu Xun ________ medicine and took up writing in 1906, and he returned to China three years later. A. give up B. gives up C. gave up D. will give up 4. I ________ the bus line to the history museum yesterday, so I know which one to take. A. don’t check B. didn’t check C. checked D. will check 5. Please call me ________ you arrive at the museum. I’ll wait for you at the gate. A. as soon as B. while C. until D. before 二、单句语法填空 1. My sister has a ________ (person) dream: she wants to be a writer like Lu Xun. 2. ________ (when/while) I was walking to school this morning, I met my old friend. 3. The teacher said we should learn knowledge in an ________ (honest) way and never lie about what we don’t know. 4. He didn’t stop learning English ________ he could speak it fluently. 5. This is a ________ (music) family — all family members can play at least one instrument. 6. Confucius started to teach students in his ________ (private) school when he was middle-aged. 7. ________ (after/before) you visit the museum, you’d better book a ticket online to save time. 8. We can get ________ (wise) from Confucius’s sayings, like “Review the old knowledge and you will have new ideas.” 9. The ________ (literature) works of Lu Xun are still very important for us to understand the society in the past. 10. ________ (when/while) my mom is cooking, I often help her wash the vegetables. 三、语篇选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空（有2个多余选项）. when, after, until, honest, wisdom, private, educational, give up, take up, get down to, notice, natural Confucius (551 BCE—479 BCE) was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. At the age of 15, he 1.________ studying. He learned music, math, 2.________ and other subjects. 3.________ he was in the State of Qi, he studied Shao music. He was so interested in it that he hardly 4.________ the taste of meat for months. Later, Confucius opened a 5.________ school. He taught his students to be 6.________ and told them, “To know what you know and what you do not know, that is 7.________.” One of his famous sayings is “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.” This shows his lifelong learning spirit — he never 8.________ learning, even in his late years. 9.________ Confucius died, his thoughts still helped people a lot. Today, his ideas are still 10.________ for us to learn about life and study. 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入合适的单词（首字母已给出），使短文完整通顺。 Last weekend, I decided to visit the history museum. First, I b____1____ a ticket online because it’s more convenient. Then, I c____2____ the bus lines to the museum — I didn’t want to be late. Next, I prepared some things, like a notebook and a pen, to write down important information. On Saturday morning, I took the bus to the museum. When I arrived, I was surprised by the ____3____ (digital) displays there — they made the old things more interesting. I spent three hours in the museum. I learned a lot about Chinese history, especially the life of Lu Xun. He was a great writer who u____4____ his pen to fight for people’s benefits. Finally, I went home. I felt very happy because the trip was ____5____ (practical) and meaningful. I told my parents about what I learned, and they said I should have more such trips to gain more knowledge. 五、根据汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. Confucius _____________________(开始认真学习) at the age of 15, and he studied many subjects. 2. Lu Xun ____________________(放弃医学) and ___________________(从事写作) in 1906 because he wanted to help people with words. 3. When you read a story, you can use __________________(时间顺序词) like “first”, “then” to understand the order of events. 4. Xuanxuan searched online for advice because she was _________________(承受很大压力) before exams. 六、根据汉语意思完成句子（每题2分，共10分） 1. 当鲍文学习有文化背景的东西时，他会上网查信息。 When Bowen learns something with _________________, he will search for information online. 2. 我在吃苹果之前会先洗一下。 I will wash the apple _________ I eat it. 3. 孔子在齐国学习韶乐时，沉浸在音乐中好几个月。 _______ Confucius studied Shao music in the State of Qi, he ______________ the music for months. 4. 直到读完这本书，我才明白其中的智慧。 I _______________ the wisdom in the book ________ I finished reading it. 5. 听完音乐后，萱萱感觉不那么有压力了。 ________ listening to music, Xuanxuan felt ________ stressed. 八、看图写话 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. While Li Xiang is watching TV, Liu Mei is ________________________________. 2. After Jim gets up in the morning, he always _____________________________ first. 3. I will ___________________________________________________ before I eat it. 4. When I came back, my grandma was _____________________________________. 综合训练 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Qian Xuesen, the father of China’s missiles (导弹), was born in Hangzhou City on December 11th, 1911. 1 he left Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he went for further study in the United States. There he studied very 2 and at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理). In 1955, Qian Xuesen returned to China 3 a lot of difficulties. From then on, he threw 4 in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program. The Chinese people 5 proud of him. He passed away on October 31st, 2009 at 6 age of 98. But his spirit still 7 Chinese youth today. Qian Xuesen’s love for his country was expressed in his saying, “My career (事业) is in China, my 8 is in China and my destination (目的地) is in China!” Someone said he could make 9 more money if he stayed in the United States. When he heard that, he 10 and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” 1. A. Before B. After C. Until 2. A. hard B. harder C. hardly 3. A. past B. across C. through 4. A. him B. his C. himself 5. A. are B. is C. am 6. A. a B. an C. the 7. A. encourage B. encourages C. encouraged 8. A. success B. succeed C. successful 9. A. some B. much C. many 10. A. laughed B. laughing C. to laugh 二、完形填空 先通读原文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Do you like learning? Learning doesn’t have to be 1 . In fact, you can turn it into something fun. Here is 2 . First, learn what you are interested 3 . For example, if you like singing, try reading some articles (文章) on how to pronounce scientifically. Second, set small goals. You shouldn’t think just “I need to finish reading this book” 4 “I’ll read 10 pages today”. When you finish, you’ll feel proud. That 5 you want to keep going. Third, don’t be afraid of making mistakes or 6 yourself. They are 7 of learning. If you get a math problem wrong or fail in an exam, ask yourself “What can I learn from this?” Finally, make it social (社交的). Do experiments with friends, play learning games or talk about what you’ve learned. Sharing 8 makes learning lively. Your love for learning 9 when you find joy in it. Give it a try, and you might surprise 10 . Please enjoy learning and develop the good habit of it. 1. A. easy B. hard C. boring D. interesting 2. A. why B. how C. what D. where 3. A. in B. at C. for D. with 4. A. or B. if C. and D. but 5. A. gets B. hopes C. wishes D. makes 6. A. helping B. teaching C. disappointing D. introducing 7. A. end B. start C. part D. effect 8. A. results B. sadness C. thoughts D. difficulties 9. A. dies B. waits C. stops D. increases 10. A. itself B. myself C. himself D. yourself 四、阅读理解 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Li Le Beijing I usually read for about 1.5 hours every day. Most of the time, I read textbooks or short articles after finishing homework. There’s a lot of pressure with schoolwork. How I wish to have more time to enjoy my favorite books! Wu Ke Shanghai I spend around 2 hours reading daily. My school has a great library, so I borrow (借) books often—mostly science and history. Even on busy days, I try to read for at least 30 minutes before bed. It’s a good way to relax after studying. Qian Li Shenzhen I read for almost 1.8 hours each day. A lot of my reading is online articles or e-books since my parents got me an e-reader last year. I like reading the news and travel blogs. Sometimes I do it in a weekend book club with my classmates. He Lu Chengdu I love reading—probably 2.5 hours a day! There are lots of book fairs and reading activities in my city, and my school sets 45 minutes every morning for free reading. It never feels like a chore. It’s my favorite part of the day. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. Which teenager spends the most time reading every day? A. Li Le. B. Wu Ke. C. Qian Li. D. He Lu. 2. Why does Li Le have the least reading time of the four? A. Because he dislikes reading. B. Because he has too much schoolwork. C. Because there are no libraries in his city. D. Because his parents don’t allow him to read. 3. Which place creates the best reading environment? A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Shenzhen. D. Chengdu. 4. What do the teenagers mention about reading? A. They only read on weekends. B. Reading is an enjoyable thing. C. They never read books on the internet. D. Their schools and parents order them to read. 5. What can we learn from the text? A. Li Le doesn’t like science and history. B. Singing is a good way to relax for Wu Ke. C. Qian Li sometimes reads with her classmates. D. He Lu’s favorite part of the day is doing chores. B My primary (初级的) school was in the countryside and I never learned English. When I studied at the junior high school in the city, I did my best to learn it. However, the first exam broke my heart. Everyone did very well except (除了) me. I cried to my parents, saying I wanted to give up. They were farmers and knew nothing about English. They had no idea what to do but told me to study hard and learn from other students. Then my English teacher came to me. She stayed after class to teach me how to read and remember new words. She told me useful ways to learn, like reading aloud every morning. She was like an angel (天使) who tried to pull me out of the dark. With her help, I kept going and spent more time on the subject. A term later, I slowly caught up with my classmates. I felt more confident. Finally, I got excellent grades in English. I’m so thankful to my English teacher because I couldn’t have made it without her. And I’m also proud of myself—for not giving up when facing difficulties. That journey taught me that with efforts (努力) and help, nothing is impossible. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A. How the writer learned English well. B. The writer’s happy school life. C. Why the writer liked learning English. D. The writer’s early difficulty in learning English. 2. Why did the writer want to give up after the first exam? A. Because his parents didn’t support him. B. Because he thought English was too boring. C. Because his grade was much worse than others. D. Because his English teacher was too strict with him. 3. What can we infer about the English teacher? A. She was very wise. B. She was patient and helpful. C. She didn’t like the writer at all. D. She thought the writer wasn’t clever. 4. Which of the following about the writer is TRUE? A. The writer learned English in the countryside. B. The writer felt both thankful and proud at last. C. The writer got good grades without much effort. D. The writer failed to catch up with his classmates. 5. What’s the text about? A. A story of getting through difficulties. B. A sad experience of learning English. C. A survey about how to learn English. D. An English exam result of a student. C Over 100 years ago, in a small classroom in China, students were asked by their teacher, “Why do you study?” While some talked about making money, some wanted to support their family. A 14-year-old boy stood up and said, “For the rise of China!” That boy was Zhou Enlai. He later devoted his whole life to building a strong and beautiful country. His words have encouraged generations (代) of Chinese youth. ▲ However, our nation’s dream hasn’t come true yet. As teenagers, we are the hope of the future. Just like Zhou Enlai, we need to set our hearts on serving our country. This means working hard at school now: mastering math, science, literature and other subjects; developing critical (批判的) thinking and problem-solving skills; and building a solid (牢固的) foundation (基础) for our growth. Our efforts (努力) today are not just for ourselves. They are for the day when we can take on responsibilities—whether as scientists, teachers, doctors, farmers, police officers or leaders—and devote ourselves to making China even better. Let Zhou Enlai’s words guide us: Study is not only for personal success, but for the rise and great rejuvenation (复兴) of our country. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What can we know from Zhou Enlai’s words? A. He wanted to make China strong. B. He wanted to be a Chinese teacher. C. He wanted to make money for China. D. He wanted to support his family. 2. What does the underlined word “devote” mean? A. To do sth. in a different way. B. To say that you think sb. is good. C. To achieve sth. important that sb. wants to do. D. To give most of one’s time, energy, etc. to sb./sth. 3. Which one can be put into ▲ ? A. Today, China has grown much stronger. B. That was an old story about Zhou Enlai. C. Chinese youth need to work even harder. D. His classmates began working for the country. 4. What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. Teenagers. B. Subjects. C. Efforts. D. Skills. 5. How is the text organized? A. Problems -- solutions. B. An old story -- modern meaning. C. A great person-- his experiences. D. Two different times-- differences between them. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $