专题03 介词和介词短语（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题03 介词和介词短语（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 时间介词 考点二 地点介词 考点三 其他介词 考点四 常用的介词短语 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查时间介词、方位介词 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第2小题 第2小题 第2小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：1.时间介词2.方位介词 考点一 时间介词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：嫦娥六号在2024年6月2日成功登上月球背面。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前面；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；to表示方向或目的地；in用于年、月、季节的前面。根据“June 2, 2024”可知是具体的某一天，因此应用介词on。故选B。 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。 考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每周五下午三点钟上历史课。 考查介词辨析。at其后加时间点；on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；to到。“three o’clock”是时间点，用时间介词at。故选A。 4．（2021·北京·中考真题）Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year. A．on B．by C．at D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。 考查介词辨析。on用在星期或具体时间前；by到……为止；at其后加点钟等；in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April 24th”可知，此处加具体的时间，故选A。 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in the spring in March in+泛指的上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、午夜、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”；常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……（时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）John usually starts to do exercise ________ six o’clock every morning. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：约翰通常每天早上六点开始锻炼。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前；on用于具体某天或某天的上午 / 下午 / 晚上；to表示 “到（某个时间）” 或方向；in用于较大的时间范围。 “six o’clock” 为具体时刻，故填 at。故选A。 2．（2025·北京大兴·二模）It’s a great idea to visit Beijing ________ April and May. A．in B．from C．at D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在四月和五月期间参观北京是个好主意。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年月季节等；from从；at后跟具体时刻；on后跟具体的日期。根据“April and May”可知，月份前用介词in。故选A。 3．（2025·北京海淀·二模）The boys have basketball practice ________ five o’clock in the gym on Fridays. A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：男孩们星期五在体育馆五点有篮球训练。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面，也可用于表示在较长的时间里；on在……上面，用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；at在……地点，也可表示在具体的时刻；to到、向、朝着。根据“The boys have basketball practice...five o’clock in the gym on Fridays.”可知，句中“five o’clock”是具体的时刻，前面应该用介词“at”。故选C。 4．（2025·北京东城·一模）My family will go out for dinner _______ my mother’s birthday. A．in B．on C．at D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈生日那天，我们全家要出去吃饭。 考查时间介词辨析。in在，用于表示世纪、年、月、季节，在上午/下午/晚上/白天等；on在，用于表示确定的时间，具体某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等；at在，表示在具体的时间点，常用于表示钟点、夜里、中午、拂晓等；by不迟于……，到……为止，在……之前。结合语境及“…my mother’s birthday”可知，“在生日的那天”为具体的某一天，应用介词on与之搭配。故选B。 考点二 地点介词 1.表示地理位置的in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Taiwan is to the southeast of Fujian. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在宾语的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在宾语上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在宾语的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在宾语的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在宾语的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 The bird is flying below the cloud. 前 in front of 表示在宾语的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在宾语内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在宾语的后面，并且在其外面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 所指范围为三者或三者以上 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 在……附近 After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. Put the bike against the wall. next to 紧邻；在……近旁 by 靠近；在……旁边 beside 在……旁边/附近 against 表示“紧靠；倚” 前 in front of 表示在宾语的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在宾语内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 所指范围为三者或三者以上 Miss Wang stands among her students. 1．（2024·北京门头沟·二模）—Where shall we meet tomorrow, Linda? —Let’s meet ________ the school gate. A．in B．on C．at D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们明天在哪里见面，琳达？——我们在学校门口见面吧。 考查介词。in后接大地点；on在……上；at后接小地点；of……的。根据“the school gate”可知，此处是短语at the school gate“在学校门口”，故选C。 2．（22-23九年级上·北京石景山·期末）Grandma grew some vegetables ________ the garden yesterday. A．in B．to C．on D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：奶奶昨天在花园里种了一些蔬菜。 考查介词。in在……里；to向；on在……上面；with和。分析句子，可知此处作句子的地点状语，表示“在花园里”，故介词用in。故选A。 3．（2022·北京门头沟·二模）More and more people can work _________home with the development of technology. A．in B．on C．at D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，越来越多的人在家工作。 考查介词辨析。in后接大地点；on在……上；at后接小地点；of……的。home是小地点，固定搭配：at home“在家”，所以空格处填at。故选C。 4．（23-24九年级上·安徽芜湖·期中）—Do you know what SOHO means? —It means small office and home office. More and more people can work ________ the Internet at home now. A．against B．across C．through D．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道“SOHO”是什么意思吗？——它指的是小型办公室和家庭办公室。越来越多的人现在可以通过网络在家里工作了。 考查介词辨析。against反对；across通过；through通过；by通过。根据“More and more people can work...the Internet at home now.”可知，此处是指通过互联网可以在家办公，排除选项A和B，by和through都有“通过”的意思，by是通过某种方式，方法，through是通过某种途径；by只讲结果，因此很直接；而through则侧重通过“过程”得到结果，因此有“间接”的含义；本题根据句意可知是“通过网络这种途径在家里工作”，所以through符合题意。故选C。 考点三 其他介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 使用、凭借 by 表示使用某种方式或手段，后主要加交通工具/通信工具/动作（常用动词的-ing形式） send the message by radio make money by selling flowers in 表示使用某种语言、材料 sing this song in English write in ink with 表示使用某种具体有形的工具 do homework with a pen through 表示“凭借；由于” You can achieve success only through hard work. He learned to cook through watching his mother in the kitchen. 有、没有 with 表示“带有；和……一起；伴着” Our English teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face. without 表示“没有；无……相伴” He hurried to school without breakfast. 包括、除了 including 表示“包括” I've got a three-day holiday including New Year's Day.（包括元旦在内我有三天假） besides 表示“除了……之外（包括在内）”， 含有“加”的意思 Besides the lecture， there was a concert. except 表示“除了……之外 （不包括在内）”， 含有“减”的意思 The stores will be open daily except Sundays. 关于 about 表示“关于;对于” Can you tell me something about your life? on 表示“关于” I saw a movie on South Africa last week. ……的 of 表示属于（某人或某物）、关于（某人或某物），意为“……的” the name of the band 目的、对象 to 表示“对；到；给；朝着” He gave a toy bear to his sister. for 表示“为了；对于……来说” It's very important for me. 像 like 表示“相似；类似；像；像……一样；例如” He's very much like his father. as 表示“像；如同；作为”，常与the same连用 You can use that glass as a vase. 数量多少 over 表示“多于（某时间、数量、花费等）” She stayed in Lagos for over a month.（一个多月） He's over sixty.（六十多岁） under 表示数量或年龄等“小于；少于” It took us under an hour.（不到一小时） 赞成；反对 for 表示“赞成”，常与系动词be连用 We are for the idea. against 表示“反对；违反”，还表示“与……竞争；对抗” Mr. Smith is strongly against keeping animals in the zoo. She is willing to play against any tough players. 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 1．（2024·河北唐山·二模）—How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech? —________ taking a deep breath. A．With B．On C．For D．By 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在演讲之前，你是如何让自己放松的？——通过深呼吸。 考查介词辨析。with和；on在……上；for为了；by通过。根据“How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech?”可知，问如何让自己放松的方式，应用介词by，故选D。 2．（2024·云南丽江·二模）More and more people in Lijiang choose to go to Kunming ________ high-speed railway. A．in B．with C．by D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的丽江人选择乘坐高铁前往昆明。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；with和；by通过，乘坐；for为了。根据“high-speed railway”可知，这是交通工具，“by+交通工具”表示交通方式。故选C。 3．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）—How do you study for a test?         —I study _________ the radio. A．by listening B．by listening to C．in listening to D．listens 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你是如何准备考试的？——我通过听收音机学习。 考查动词短语和介词辨析。listen“听”，为不及物动词，后接宾语时要与to连用，排除AD选项；by“通过”，指通过某种手段或方式；in“采用”，通常指使用某种语言或文字。根据“I study ... the radio.”可知，此处指通过听收音机学习，用by。故选B。 4．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的所有家人都去无锡旅行了，包括他的叔叔。 考查介词的用法。根据“All of his family”和空格后的“his uncle”可知此处应用介词including表示包括他的叔叔在内的所有家人都去旅行了。故选B。 5．（2024·安徽六安·一模）Don’t step on the grass! It is _________ the rules of the park. A．over B．behind C．among D．against 【答案】D 【详解】句意：别践踏草坪！这是违背公园规则的。 考查介词辨析。over在……上面；behind在……后面；among在……中；against违反。由“Don’t step on the grass! ”这句带警告意味的祈使句可知，后一句表达的是“这是违背公园规则的”。be gainst“违背”。故选D。 6．（2022·安徽·模拟预测）— It’s impossible to learn physics well ________ knowledge of maths. — I couldn’t agree more! So we should also learn maths well. A．against B．beyond C．without D．between 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——没有数学知识就不可能学好物理。——我完全同意！所以我们也应该学好数学。 考查介词辨析。without没有；beyond超出；against反对；between在……之间。根据“So we should also learn maths well.”可知，学好物理不能没有数学知识，用without。故选C。 7．（2025·安徽亳州·三模）—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend? —No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match. A．besides B．except C．along D．towards 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个周末你会和整个团队一起去远足吗？——不，除了汤姆，我们都要去。他有一场足球比赛。 考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外（还有）；except除了……之外（不包括）；along沿着；towards朝向。根据“He has a football match”可知，汤姆不去远足，因此“我们所有人都去”不包括汤姆，需用表示排除的介词。故选B。 考点四 常用的介词短语 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后 3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时 5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初 7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时 9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容 13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿 15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起 17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离 19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久 21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说 25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止 27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上 30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙 32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地 36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面 38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于 40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次 42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿 44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿 46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路 48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面 50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边 52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是 56 look forward to doing 期待做... 57 pay attention to doing 集中注意做... 04 测·预测闯关 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京西城·二模）This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together. A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：本周六上午，丽丽和露西将在奥林匹克森林公园门口见面并一起慢跑。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在……，后加小地点；to朝向。根据“meet ... the gate of the Olympic Forest Park”可知，at the gate of ...“在……门口”。故选C。 2．（2024·北京东城·一模）My father is a policeman. He works ________ the police station. A．at B．on C．of D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父亲是一名警察。他在警察局工作。 考查介词辨析。at在……(场所或地点)；on在……上；of……的；with和。结合“My father is a policeman.”可知，此处指他在警察局上班，应用介词at+小地点，强调在一个范围内。故选A。 3．（2022·北京东城·模拟预测）Jack rides his bike ________ the park every weekend. A．of B．on C．at D．in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰克每个周末都在公园里骑自行车。 考查介词辨析。of……的；on在……上；at在；in在……中。in the park“在公园里”，故选D。 4．（2025·北京顺义·一模）I watched the movie Ne Zha 2 ________ the cinema with my parents. A．on B．of C．in D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我和我的父母在电影院看了《哪吒2》。 考查介词。on在……上；of属于……的；in在……里面；to到。根据“I watched the movie Ne Zha 2...the cinema with my parents.”可知，表示在某个场所内部进行活动时，常用介词in。故选C。 5．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot. A．by; by B．on; on C．by; on D．on; by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父亲经常骑自行车去上班，但有时他步行。 考查介词。“by + 交通工具” 表示出行方式，by bike 意为“骑自行车”；“on foot”是固定短语，意为“步行”，故选C。 6．（2025·云南文山·模拟预测）Mary wants to improve her English ________ practicing more. A．by B．in C．on D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽想通过更多的练习来提高她的英语。 考查介词辨析。by通过（某种方式、手段）；in在……里面；on在……上面；of……的。根据 “practicing more” 可知，此处表示通过更多练习这种方式来提高英语，所以应用by，故选A。 7．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The eco-tourism project helps villagers earn more money ________ destroying the environment. A．without B．with C．by D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：生态旅游项目帮助村民在不破坏环境的情况下赚更多的钱。 考查介词辨析。without没有；with用；by通过；for为了。根据“destroying the environment.”可知，生态旅游项目帮助村民赚钱的同时没有破坏环境。故选A。 8．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）My father usually goes to work ________ bus, but sometimes he walks. A．by B．take C．on D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父亲通常乘公共汽车去上班，但有时他会步行。 考查介词。by+交通工具，表示出行方式；take是动词，句中已有谓语动词goes，不能再用take；on和in在表示乘坐交通工具时，搭配不同，on the bus/in the car等。所以此处应是by bus“乘坐公共汽车”，故选A。 9．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）China successfully launched the Chang’e-6 spacecraft ________ the evening _________ May 3, 2024 at the Wenchang Space Launch Site to retrieve samples from moon’s far side. A．at; on B．on; on C．on; of D．at; of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2024年5月3日晚上，中国在文昌航天发射场成功发射了嫦娥六号宇宙飞船，从月球背面采集样本。 考查介词辨析。at在；on在……上；of……的。结合“…the evening…”可知，第一空应用介词on，表示具体某一天的晚上；再结合“the evening… May 3, 2024”可知，第二空应用介词of，表示所属，意为“5月3日的晚上”。故选C。 10．（2024·河北保定·二模）My family and I like to have a picnic ________ spring. A．for B．of C．to D．in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我家人和我喜欢在春天野餐。 考查介词辨析。for为了；of的；to到达；in在。季节前用介词in，in spring“在春天”。故选D。 11．（23-24九年级下·全国·课后作业）—What kind of books do you like? —I like books science and technology. A．by B．at C．to D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的书？——我喜欢科技方面的书。 考查介词辨析。by通过；at在……；to朝；on在……上，关于。根据“science and technology”可知，表示关于具体类别，用on连接，表示科技方面的书。故选D。 12．（2023·江苏淮安·一模）—Do you like rainy days? —Yes, I enjoy lying in bed and listening to the rain beating ________ the windows. A．through B．toward C．against D．among 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢雨天吗？——是的，我喜欢躺在床上，倾听雨打窗户的声音。 考查介词的用法。through通过；toward朝向；against紧靠，碰，撞；among在……中间。根据“the rain beating…the windows”可知雨水拍打着窗户要用against，故选C。 13．（2022·江苏连云港·二模）It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy. A．for;for B．of;to C．for;to D．of;for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：琳达给那个生病的男孩捐了这么多钱，真是太慷慨了。 考查介词。it’s+adj.+for/of+sb.+to do意为“某人做某事是怎样的”，当前面的形容词是来描述后面事情时用for ；前面形容词用来形容某人的人格特质时用of。空前“generous慷慨的”是来形容人格特质的，所以第一空填of；第二空表示“给那个生病的男孩捐钱”，介词to“给”，表示方向，所以第二空填to。故选B。 14．（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）— Sorry, you can’t enter our museum now. It’s ________ the visiting hours. — Oh, I didn’t notice the time. I’ll come early tomorrow. A．off B．against C．beyond D．opposite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——对不起，你现在不能进入我们的博物馆。已经超过参观时间了。——哦，我没注意到时间。我明天早点来。 考查介词辨析。off从……离开；against反对；beyond超出；opposite在……对面；根据“Oh, I didn’t notice the time. I’ll come early tomorrow.”可知，是超出参观时间了，故选C。 15．（2022·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）—This problem is far ________ my ability. I’m afraid I can’t work it out. —Don’t worry. We will help you. A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．more 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个问题远远超出了我的能力，恐怕我解决不了。——别担心，我们将帮助你。 考查介词和副词辨析。beyond超出（范围），介词；beside在……旁边，介词；behind在……后面，介词；more更多，副词比较级。根据“I’m afraid I can’t work it out.”可推知，问题远远超出了能力范围，应用beyond。故选A。 16．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）The students all passed the exam ________ Jack. He was really sad. A．except B．beside C．besides D．expect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：除了杰克，其他学生都通过了考试。他真的很伤心。 考查介词和动词辨析。except除了……以外；beside在……旁边；besides除了……之外（还），后面的名词也是包括其中的；expect期望，动词。根据“The students all passed the exam ... Jack. He was really sad.”可知，除了杰克，其他学生都通过了考试，应用except。故选A。 17．（2024·江苏南京·三模）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ______ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．before D．except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，因为他在常州工作很忙。 考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；before在……之前；except除……外。根据“My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，不包含去年。故选D。 18．（2025·安徽滁州·一模）Alice’s head teacher praised her ________ making great progress in her subjects this term. A．with B．as C．by D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Alice的校长因为她这个学期在功课上取得了巨大进步而表扬她。 考查介词辨析。with和……在一起，表伴随；as由于，表原因，其后接句子；by通过，表方式；for因为，表原因，其后接名词或短语。根据“Alice’s head teacher praised her…making great progress”可知，此处表示表扬的原因，应用介词for。故选D。 19．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—How do you study ________ a test? —I study ________ working with a group. A．for; by B．by; in C．for; from D．of; by 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你是如何为考试而学习的？——我通过小组合作来学习。 考查介词词义辨析。for为；by通过；in在……里面；from来自；of……的。根据“How do you study…a test?”的句意可知，此处指你是如何为考试而学习的，所以此处应用for；根据“I study…working with a group.”的句意可知，此处表示方式方法，应用by。故选A。 20．（2022·云南昆明·三模）—Last Saturday we didn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. —What a pity! A．because B．because of C．in front of D．before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上周六由于大雨我们没有爬山。——多么可惜啊。 考查短语辨析。because因为；because of由于；in front of在……前面；before在……之前。heavy rain“大雨”是名词短语，而because后面要加从句，可以先排除A选项；根据语境可知，“大雨”是没有爬山的原因，B选项符合题意。故选B。 21．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）The boy _______ glasses is my brother. A．wear B．wears C．with D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个戴眼镜的男孩是我弟弟。 考查介词用法。wear穿着，动词原形；wears动词三单形式；with穿着，介词，后接配饰/携带物；in穿着，介词，后接颜色/服装/材质。句子谓语为“is”，不能再用动词wear/wears，排除A和B；空后“glasses”为配饰物品，应用介词with，排除D。故选C。 22．（2025·上海青浦·二模）In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle. A．by B．for C．with D．outside 【答案】C 【详解】句意：城隍庙一带有一个湖，湖中央有一个亭子。 考查介词辨析。by在……旁边；for为了；with带有；outside在……之外。根据“there is a lake...a pavilion in its middle.”可知，空格后为定语修饰名词“lake”，表示“中央有一个亭子的湖”，应用with表伴随。故选C。 23．（2025·云南大理·一模）You’d better not visit your friend after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you. A．by B．with C．without D．after 【答案】C 【详解】句意：放学后你最好不要不告诉父母就去看望朋友。他们可能会担心你。 考查介词辨析。by通过；with和；without没有；after在……之后。根据“You’d better not visit your friend after school ... telling your parents.”可知，是指最好不要没有告诉父母就去看望朋友。故选C。 24．（24-25八年级上·湖北·期末）—I want to be a famous actress when I grow up. —Then you must practice performing hard, because no one can be successful ________ hard work. A．for B．without C．with D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我长大后想成为一名著名的女演员。——那你必须努力练习表演，因为没有人能在没有努力的情况下取得成功。 考查介词辨析。for为了；without没有；with带有；though尽管。根据“because no one can be successful...hard work.”可知，表示 “没有……就不能成功”，应使用“without”，故选B。 二．用合适的介词填空 1．Pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey November 1979. 【答案】in 2．Lance thought a while and remembered that he promised Haley to work on their science project today. 【答案】for 3． the Spring Festival month, people seldom have their hair cut. 【答案】During/In 4．Tea is mostly produced Asian countries like China and India. 【答案】in 5．As the high-speed trains are available, more and more people come here train. 【答案】by 6．Usually kids' body language is the same adults', but sometimes it sends a different message. 【答案】as 三、用合适的介词填空 Hi Cassie, I am 1. New Zealand now, staying 2. a very friendly family in the town of Westport. It's quite a big house and my bedroom is 3. the second floor. I like it because the bed is much bigger than the one 4. my room 5. home! 6. the evenings, the family sometimes take me out. I usually go to bed quite early, sleep well and get up 7. about 7:30 a.m. I'm enjoying myself a lot here, but I'm looking forward 8. being home again on August 15th. Write soon! Lily 【答案】1．in2．with3．on4．in5．at6．In7．at8．to $ 专题03 介词和介词短语（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 时间介词 考点二 地点介词 考点三 其他介词 考点四 常用的介词短语 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查时间介词、方位介词 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第2小题 第2小题 第2小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：1.时间介词2.方位介词 考点一 时间介词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October. A．at B．on C．in D．to 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．at B．on C．in D．to 4．（2021·北京·中考真题）Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year. A．on B．by C．at D．in 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in the spring in March in+泛指的上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、午夜、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”；常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……（时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）John usually starts to do exercise ________ six o’clock every morning. A．at B．on C．to D．in 2．（2025·北京大兴·二模）It’s a great idea to visit Beijing ________ April and May. A．in B．from C．at D．on 3．（2025·北京海淀·二模）The boys have basketball practice ________ five o’clock in the gym on Fridays. A．in B．on C．at D．to 4．（2025·北京东城·一模）My family will go out for dinner _______ my mother’s birthday. A．in B．on C．at D．by 考点二 地点介词 1.表示地理位置的in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Taiwan is to the southeast of Fujian. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在宾语的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在宾语上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在宾语的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在宾语的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在宾语的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 The bird is flying below the cloud. 前 in front of 表示在宾语的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在宾语内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在宾语的后面，并且在其外面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 所指范围为三者或三者以上 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 在……附近 After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. Put the bike against the wall. next to 紧邻；在……近旁 by 靠近；在……旁边 beside 在……旁边/附近 against 表示“紧靠；倚” 前 in front of 表示在宾语的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在宾语内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 所指范围为三者或三者以上 Miss Wang stands among her students. 1．（2024·北京门头沟·二模）—Where shall we meet tomorrow, Linda? —Let’s meet ________ the school gate. A．in B．on C．at D．of 2．（22-23九年级上·北京石景山·期末）Grandma grew some vegetables ________ the garden yesterday. A．in B．to C．on D．with 3．（2022·北京门头沟·二模）More and more people can work _________home with the development of technology. A．in B．on C．at D．of 4．（23-24九年级上·安徽芜湖·期中）—Do you know what SOHO means? —It means small office and home office. More and more people can work ________ the Internet at home now. A．against B．across C．through D．by 考点三 其他介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 使用、凭借 by 表示使用某种方式或手段，后主要加交通工具/通信工具/动作（常用动词的-ing形式） send the message by radio make money by selling flowers in 表示使用某种语言、材料 sing this song in English write in ink with 表示使用某种具体有形的工具 do homework with a pen through 表示“凭借；由于” You can achieve success only through hard work. He learned to cook through watching his mother in the kitchen. 有、没有 with 表示“带有；和……一起；伴着” Our English teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face. without 表示“没有；无……相伴” He hurried to school without breakfast. 包括、除了 including 表示“包括” I've got a three-day holiday including New Year's Day.（包括元旦在内我有三天假） besides 表示“除了……之外（包括在内）”， 含有“加”的意思 Besides the lecture， there was a concert. except 表示“除了……之外 （不包括在内）”， 含有“减”的意思 The stores will be open daily except Sundays. 关于 about 表示“关于;对于” Can you tell me something about your life? on 表示“关于” I saw a movie on South Africa last week. ……的 of 表示属于（某人或某物）、关于（某人或某物），意为“……的” the name of the band 目的、对象 to 表示“对；到；给；朝着” He gave a toy bear to his sister. for 表示“为了；对于……来说” It's very important for me. 像 like 表示“相似；类似；像；像……一样；例如” He's very much like his father. as 表示“像；如同；作为”，常与the same连用 You can use that glass as a vase. 数量多少 over 表示“多于（某时间、数量、花费等）” She stayed in Lagos for over a month.（一个多月） He's over sixty.（六十多岁） under 表示数量或年龄等“小于；少于” It took us under an hour.（不到一小时） 赞成；反对 for 表示“赞成”，常与系动词be连用 We are for the idea. against 表示“反对；违反”，还表示“与……竞争；对抗” Mr. Smith is strongly against keeping animals in the zoo. She is willing to play against any tough players. 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 1．（2024·河北唐山·二模）—How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech? —________ taking a deep breath. A．With B．On C．For D．By 2．（2024·云南丽江·二模）More and more people in Lijiang choose to go to Kunming ________ high-speed railway. A．in B．with C．by D．for 3．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）—How do you study for a test?         —I study _________ the radio. A．by listening B．by listening to C．in listening to D．listens 4．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 5．（2024·安徽六安·一模）Don’t step on the grass! It is _________ the rules of the park. A．over B．behind C．among D．against 6．（2022·安徽·模拟预测）— It’s impossible to learn physics well ________ knowledge of maths. — I couldn’t agree more! So we should also learn maths well. A．against B．beyond C．without D．between 7．（2025·安徽亳州·三模）—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend? —No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match. A．besides B．except C．along D．towards 考点四 常用的介词短语 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后 3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时 5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初 7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时 9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容 13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿 15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起 17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离 19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久 21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说 25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止 27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上 30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙 32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地 36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面 38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于 40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次 42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿 44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿 46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路 48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面 50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边 52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是 56 look forward to doing 期待做... 57 pay attention to doing 集中注意做... 04 测·预测闯关 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京西城·二模）This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together. A．in B．on C．at D．to 2．（2024·北京东城·一模）My father is a policeman. He works ________ the police station. A．at B．on C．of D．with 3．（2022·北京东城·模拟预测）Jack rides his bike ________ the park every weekend. A．of B．on C．at D．in 4．（2025·北京顺义·一模）I watched the movie Ne Zha 2 ________ the cinema with my parents. A．on B．of C．in D．to 5．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot. A．by; by B．on; on C．by; on D．on; by 6．（2025·云南文山·模拟预测）Mary wants to improve her English ________ practicing more. A．by B．in C．on D．of 7．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The eco-tourism project helps villagers earn more money ________ destroying the environment. A．without B．with C．by D．for 8．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）My father usually goes to work ________ bus, but sometimes he walks. A．by B．take C．on D．in 9．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）China successfully launched the Chang’e-6 spacecraft ________ the evening _________ May 3, 2024 at the Wenchang Space Launch Site to retrieve samples from moon’s far side. A．at; on B．on; on C．on; of D．at; of 10．（2024·河北保定·二模）My family and I like to have a picnic ________ spring. A．for B．of C．to D．in 11．（23-24九年级下·全国·课后作业）—What kind of books do you like? —I like books science and technology. A．by B．at C．to D．on 12．（2023·江苏淮安·一模）—Do you like rainy days? —Yes, I enjoy lying in bed and listening to the rain beating ________ the windows. A．through B．toward C．against D．among 13．（2022·江苏连云港·二模）It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy. A．for;for B．of;to C．for;to D．of;for 14．（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）— Sorry, you can’t enter our museum now. It’s ________ the visiting hours. — Oh, I didn’t notice the time. I’ll come early tomorrow. A．off B．against C．beyond D．opposite 15．（2022·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）—This problem is far ________ my ability. I’m afraid I can’t work it out. —Don’t worry. We will help you. A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．more 16．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）The students all passed the exam ________ Jack. He was really sad. A．except B．beside C．besides D．expect 17．（2024·江苏南京·三模）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ______ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou. A．including B．since C．before D．except 18．（2025·安徽滁州·一模）Alice’s head teacher praised her ________ making great progress in her subjects this term. A．with B．as C．by D．for 19．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—How do you study ________ a test? —I study ________ working with a group. A．for; by B．by; in C．for; from D．of; by 20．（2022·云南昆明·三模）—Last Saturday we didn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. —What a pity! A．because B．because of C．in front of D．before 21．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）The boy _______ glasses is my brother. A．wear B．wears C．with D．in 22．（2025·上海青浦·二模）In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle. A．by B．for C．with D．outside 23．（2025·云南大理·一模）You’d better not visit your friend after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you. A．by B．with C．without D．after 24．（24-25八年级上·湖北·期末）—I want to be a famous actress when I grow up. —Then you must practice performing hard, because no one can be successful ________ hard work. A．for B．without C．with D．though 二．用合适的介词填空 1．Pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey November 1979. 2．Lance thought a while and remembered that he promised Haley to work on their science project today. 3． the Spring Festival month, people seldom have their hair cut. 4．Tea is mostly produced Asian countries like China and India. 5．As the high-speed trains are available, more and more people come here train. 6．Usually kids' body language is the same adults', but sometimes it sends a different message. 三、用合适的介词填空 Hi Cassie, I am 1. New Zealand now, staying 2. a very friendly family in the town of Westport. It's quite a big house and my bedroom is 3. the second floor. I like it because the bed is much bigger than the one 4. my room 5. home! 6. the evenings, the family sometimes take me out. I usually go to bed quite early, sleep well and get up 7. about 7:30 a.m. I'm enjoying myself a lot here, but I'm looking forward 8. being home again on August 15th. Write soon! Lily $