专题10 单项选择（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦北京中考单项选择核心考点，覆盖代词、介词、情态动词、比较级、连词、时态语态、宾语从句等十大必考点，通过“考情分析-框架构建-考点攻坚-真题训练”四步教学流程，以表格对比、真题动向分析梳理知识体系，结合方法指导与易错警示突破难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 亮点在于“真题动向+核心提炼+技巧点拨”三维设计，如代词考点通过人称代词、物主代词表格对比及近三年中考真题解析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。分层练习含真题与模拟题，配合“时态标志词定位法”等策略，助力学生高效掌握考点，教师可据此精准把控复习节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题10 单项选择（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词 考点二 介词 考点三 情态动词 考点四 比较级 考点五 疑问词 考点六 连词 考点七 时态、语态 考点八 情态动词 考点九 宾语从句 考点十 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型，考查内容多以语法、词汇为主，也考查交际用语和句子情景理解等。北京中考主要考查考查句法、词法，根据上下文理解、语法或词法的要求选出能够填入空白中的最佳选项。 热考角度 题号 2025 2024 2023 1 代词 代词 代词 2 介词 介词 介词 3 情态动词 情态动词 情态动词 4 比较级 比较级 比较级 5 疑问词 疑问词 疑问词 6 连词 连词 连词 7 过去进行时 过去时 现在进行时 8 一般现在时 一般现在时 过去时 9 一般现在时 过去进行时 将来时 10 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在完成时 11 被动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 12 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 命题预测 主要考查代词、介词、连词、形容词、副词、情态动词、时态、被动语态和宾语从句。近几年动词时态所占分值较高,应引起重视 词法 代词 句法 疑问句 介词 并列句 情态动词 宾语从句 形容词、副词 状语从句 连词 动词时态、语态 考点一 代词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。 考查代词辨析。I我；He他；You你；She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知，此处指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲，指第三人称，且为女性，故用代词She指代。故选D。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）My friends and I like sports. ________ often play basketball together after school. A．We B．I C．They D．You 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我和我朋友都喜欢运动。我们经常在放学后一起打篮球。 考查人称代词。We我们；I我；They他们；You你。根据“My friends and I like sports.”可知，此处应用复数代词“we”作主语，表示“我们”经常一起打篮球。故选A。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）My sister enjoys singing and ________ favorite subject is music. A．his B．her C．your D．their 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妹妹喜欢唱歌，她最喜欢的科目是音乐。 考查代词辨析。his他的；her她的；your你的；their他们的。根据“My sister enjoys singing”可知此处指“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目，用her。故选B。 人称代词 人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 主格 I(我) you (你) he(他) she(她) it(它) we(我们) you(你们) they (他们，她们，它们) 宾格 me(我) you (你) him(他) her(她) it(她) us(我们) you(你们) them (他们，她们，它们) *单数人称代词并列做主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称you→he/she/it→ I。如： You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容 词性 my (我的) your (你的) his (他的) her (她的) its (它的) our (我们的) your (你们的) their (他们的，她们的，它们的) 名词 性 mine (我的) yours (你的) his (他的) hers (她的) its (她的) ours (我们的) yours (你们的) theirs(他们的，她们的，它们的) *形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。如：Li Lei’s father is taller than mine. (mine=my father) 反身代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) *enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快；hurt oneself 伤着自己；teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学；(all) by oneself (完全)独立地；help oneself to请自便，随便吃……；look after oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己；leave one by oneself 把……单独留下；lose oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于；dress oneself 穿衣；make oneself at home不拘束，随便；wash oneself 洗澡。 指示代词 this（these），that（those） *that 和those代替前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou *this 在电话用语中代表自己（我），that 则代表对方（你）。如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 不定代词 1.both, either与neither both 指“两者都”，表肯定。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 neither 指“两者中没有一个”，表否定。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 2.a few, few, a little与little 肯定意义 否定意义 所跟名词 a few一些，几个 few几乎没有 可数名词复数 a little一点儿 little几乎没有 不可数名词 3.other、the other、another、others与the others的用法辨析： ①other意为“其他的、别的”。 ②the other意为“两者中的另一个”。 ③another意为“另外的，再一，又一”，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个。 ④others泛指“其他的/另外的人/物”(指大部分)，常与some搭配构成“some...others...” ⑤the others表示特指某范围内的“其余的人/物”，(指全部) 4.复合不定代词somebody、something、anything、nothing、everything和everybody的用法辨析： *在句子中当单数使用 修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面someone outside ，nothing much 5.none、no one、nobody的用法辨析 *no one和nobody都表示“没有人”，仅指人---通常以who提问 none表示“没有一个人/物”，可指人也可以指物 --通常以how many\much提问 6.it的用法 形式主语It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 形式宾语I find it difficult to learn English. // He thinks it easy to work out this maths problem. 1．（2025·北京顺义·二模）My brother is only six, but ________ can tidy his own bedroom now. A．I B．he C．she D．they 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我弟弟只有六岁，但他现在能整理自己的卧室了。 考查代词辨析。I我；he他；she她；they他们。根据题干可知，空处缺少代词指代My brother，而brother指男性，所以空处应选代词he。故选B。 2．（2025·北京朝阳·二模）My brother wants to be an astronaut. ________ favorite subject is physics. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的兄弟想成为一名宇航员。他最喜欢的科目是物理。 考查代词辨析。His他的；Her她的；Your你的；Their他们的。根据“My brother”可知主语是男性，且为第三人称单数，因此用“His”表示“他的”。故选A。 3．（2025·北京昌平·二模）Sara and Cindy live near each other. ________ often walk to school together. A．We B．I C．They D．You 【答案】C 【详解】句意：萨拉和辛迪住得很近。她们经常一起步行去上学。 考查代词辨析。We我们；I我；They他们/她们/它们；You你，你们。Sara and Cindy是两个人，是第三人称复数。故选C。 考点二 介词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：嫦娥六号在2024年6月2日成功登上月球背面。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前面；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；to表示方向或目的地；in用于年、月、季节的前面。根据“June 2, 2024”可知是具体的某一天，因此应用介词on。故选B。 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。 考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每周五下午三点钟上历史课。 考查介词辨析。at其后加时间点；on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；to到。“three o’clock”是时间点，用时间介词at。故选A。 1.时间介词 at / in / on ★at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：at 7:00；at noon；at midnight等。 ★in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。如：in summer；in 2013；in three days；in May；in winter；in the morning；in the afternoon等。 ★on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。如：on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。 2.表示地点、方位的介词 in / on / to+方位名词 ★in表示A地在B地范围之内。如：Taiwan is in the southeast of China. // Beijing is in the north of China. ★to表示A地在B地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔。如：Japan lies to the east of China. ★on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如：North Korea is on the east of China. 3.其他介词易错点 （1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别： ★across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。如：Go across the bridge and you will see the cinema. ★through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。如：The moon shone in through the window. （2）besides / except 表示“除……外”时的用法区别： ★besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，具有附加性质，还包括在内。如： Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.（王先生也去了） ★except表示“……除外”，具有排它性质，不包括在内。如： We all went to see the film except Mr Wang.（王先生没去） （3）in the tree / on the tree表示“在树上”时的用法区别： ★in the tree 指动物或人在树上。如：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 ★on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上。如：There are many apples on the apple tree. 苹果树上有许多苹果。 1．（2025·北京门头沟·一模）To make our hometown more beautiful, we always plant some trees ________ spring. A．to B．on C．at D．in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了让我们的家乡更美丽，我们总是在春天种一些树。 考查介词辨析。to朝；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；at用于具体的时刻；in用于年、季节、月等词前。根据空后“spring”可知，此处是指在春季，应用介词in。故选D。 2．（2025·北京·一模）The 9th Asian Winter Games was held in Harbin ________ February 2025. A．on B．in C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：第九届亚洲冬季运动会于2025年2月在哈尔滨举行。 考查介词辨析。on在，用于具体的日期；in在，用于月份、年份、季节等较大的时间段；at在，用于具体时刻；to到。根据“February”可知，月份前应该使用介词“in”。故选B。 3．（2025·北京朝阳·一模）My parents took me to watch a performance ________ my birthday, March 12th. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母在我生日3月12日带我去看了一场演出。 考查时间介词辨析。at在（时间点或地点）；on在（具体某一天）； to向；in在（月份、季节或年份）。根据“March 12th”可知，此处是具体的生日日期，属于具体某一天，所以用“on”。故选B。 考点三 连词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以我们想给她写一封感谢信。 考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；so因此；for因为。分析句子可知，因为珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以给她写感谢信，前后是因果关系，应用so连接。故选C。 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It was difficult to climb the mountain, ________ Sam got to the top at last. A．or B．so C．for D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爬山很困难，但是Sam最终还是到达了山顶。 考查从属连词辨析。or或者，否则；so因此；for因为；but但是。根据空前“It was difficult to climb the mountain”和空格后“Sam got to the top at last”可知前后分句为转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but来连接。故选D。 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _________ I’m thankful to him. A．or B．but C．for D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：史密斯先生帮了我很多，所以我很感谢他。 考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；for为了；so因此。前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so连接，故选D。 1.并列连词 and “和”，表并列或顺承关系I often play volleyball with my friends, and I like reading too. but “但是”，表转折关系 I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time. while“然而”He’s a worker while his wife is a doctor. so “因此，所以”，表因果关系The dress was very expensive, so I didn’t buy it. Or “或者”，表选择关系 Do you go to school by bus or on foot? “否则”，表条件关系 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the plane. 注意：表并列关系的肯定句中用and，否定句中用or。 2.并列连词短语 neither...nor... 两者都不……Neither he nor his children like fish. not only...but also... 不仅……而且……My mum not only helps clean the rooms for my grandparents but also does some shopping for them. either...or...或者……或者……Either you or he is wrong. both...and...两者都…… Both Simon and David are ready to take on new challenges. 注意：neither...nor..., either...or..., not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则；both...and...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 3.从属连词（引导从句） 1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 when “当……时”。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态Sorry, I was out when you called me. while “正当……时”。while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时It began to rain while we were walking in the park. until “直到……”常用在“not...until...” 结构中，表示“直到……才……”Peter didn’t show up until the meeting had begun. as soon as“一…就…”。主句和从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则 I’ ll visit you as soon as I come back. 2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 if“如果”。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he has time tomorrow, he will attend the meeting. unless “除非，如果不”。unless可以转化为“if...not...”结构。主从句时态同if用法一致 He won’ t finish the work unless he works hard. 3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词 because 不能与so连用I didn’t accept his help because I wanted to try it myself. 4. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词(短语) though/ although 虽然；尽管”。不能与but同时使用 Although/Though the cinema had a big car park, I could not find a space to park my car. 5. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词(短语) so...that... “如此……以至于……”，so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so＋adj./adv.＋that...”，常与 too...to...结构互换She is so tired that she can’t go any farther.＝She is too tired to go any farther. such...that...“如此……以至于……”， such修饰的中心词是名词，结构为 “such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...”或“such＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that...” It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. 1．（2024·北京东城·模拟预测）I’d like to go to your birthday party, ________ I’m too busy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我想去参加你的生日聚会，但是我太忙了。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so因此；and和；but但是。根据“I’d like to go to your birthday party”以及“I’m too busy.”可知，设空处前后存在转折关系。故选D。 2．（23-24九年级上·北京朝阳·期末）Running is a good way to keep healthy, ________ many people love it. A．or B．but C．because D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：跑步是保持健康的好方法，所以很多人都喜欢它。 考查连词辨析。or或；but但是；because因为；so所以。空前是空后“人们喜欢跑步”的原因，前后之间是因果关系，属于前因后果，所以用so连接结果。故选D。 3．（2023九年级·北京·专题练习）Have breakfast every morning ________ you’ll get ill. A．and B．or C．but D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每天早上吃早饭，否则你会生病的。 考查连词辨析。and和，并列连词；or或者，选择连词；but但是，转折连词；because因为。根据“Have breakfast every morning...you’ll get ill.”可知，本句为“祈使句+or+陈述句”句型，此处表示每天早上吃早饭，否则你会生病的。故选B。 考点四 比较级和最高级 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）The National Library of China is ________ public library in Asia. A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国国家图书馆是亚洲最大的公共图书馆。 考查最高级。large大的，原级；larger更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级；the largest最大的，最高级。根据“in Asia”可知，此处含比较范围，在亚洲境内的图书馆，三者以上的比较用最高级，形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故选D。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ________ in our school. A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这间阅览室真漂亮！它是我们学校最好的阅览室之一。 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“one of”可知，考查“one of+the+形容词最高级”结构，意为“最……之一”。故选D。 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上了网球课之后，蒂姆比去年强壮多了。 考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级，故选B。 如何判断比较级和最高级 注意 easier就是比较级 可以用much修饰 more easier 是错的 一、比较等级的判断方法 1. 原级的判断 (1)由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。如：The film is too boring. 这部电影太无聊了。 (2)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下 1) A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等。 My best friend is as tall as her mother. 我最好的朋友和她妈妈一样高。 2) A＋be＋not＋so/as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A不及B那样……”，表示不如或不相等。 This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one. 这条红色的短裙不如那条蓝色的漂亮。 3) A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B，表示“A是B的……倍” (常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字＋times)。 Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。 4) as＋原级＋as＋用作比喻的名词，意为“像……一样……”，此结构可形成许多习惯用语，多用于口语。He is as busy as a bee.他像蜜蜂一样忙碌。 2. 比较级的判断 (1)表示两者进行比较时用比较级。( than ) (2)由表程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰，用形容词或副词的比较级 It is much hotter today. 今天要热得多。 3. 最高级的判断 (1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the， 副词最高级前可以不加。句末常跟一个in/of/among 短语来表示范围。He is the tallest boy in our class. *不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 1．（2025·北京海淀·二模）—Which do you like ________, coffee or tea? —Tea. Green tea is my favorite. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——咖啡和茶，你更喜欢哪个？——茶。绿茶是我的最爱。 考查比较级用法。well好，原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；the best最好，最高级。根据“coffee or tea”可知两者比较，用better符合。故选B。 2．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）Of all the students in my class, Lily is ________when it comes to doing homework. A．careful B．more careful C．most careful D．the most careful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我班里所有的学生中，当涉及到做家庭作业时， 莉莉是最认真的。 考查形容词最高级。根据“Of all the students in my class,”可知，此处应该用最高级，careful的最高级是most careful，形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the。故选D。 3．（2025·北京·一模）—Have you watched Ne Zha 2? —Yes, of course. It’s one of ________ films during the Spring Festival. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你看过《哪吒2》吗？——当然看过。它是春节期间最受欢迎的电影之一。 考查形容词最高级。popular受欢迎的，原级；more popular更受欢迎的，比较级；the most popular最受欢迎的，最高级。此处是“one of the 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一的”，因此这里用最高级。故选D。 考点五 动词时态、语态 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 考查动词时态。根据“since last year”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选B。 2．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得，你昨天放学后和朋友们打乒乓球了吗？——不，我没有。我们在学校花园里浇了蔬菜。 考查动词时态。根据“after school yesterday”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故选C。 3．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的人在使用语言学习应用程序。 考查动词时态及被动语态。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时。结合“by”可知，此处是被动语态，应用程序被人们使用。故选C。 4．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A和B选项；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。 5．（2023·北京·中考真题）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。 考查时态和语态。主语“more kinds of flowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。 六种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to...6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 现在完成时 结构 主语＋has/have＋动词过去分词＋其他 标志词 1.already, ever, never, just, yet, still 2.recently, lately, so far, up to/ till now 3.in the past/last three years/... 4.since 1998, since＋时间点 5.for three years, for＋一段时间 被动语态 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（done）”构成。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 分类 被动结构 示例 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Chinese is spoken by more and more people around the world nowadays. 一般过去时 was/were+done Tea was invented by accident about 5,000 years ago. 一般将来时 will+be+done； am/is/are going to+be+done To make the environment much better, more trees will be planted next year. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being+done The hair product is being used at present. 现在完成时 have/has+been+done How much e-waste has been produced? 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+done 16-year-old teenagers shouldn't be allowed to drive. Something must be done about the present situation. 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）If Jenny _________ time, we will go boating in Beihai Park next Sunday. A．has B．had C．will have D．is having 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果珍妮有时间，我们下周日会去北海公园划船。 考查条件状语从句的时态。if引导条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”原则。故选A。 2．（2025·北京丰台·二模）We ________ for the Art Festival when the teacher came into the school hall. A．prepare B．are preparing C．were preparing D．will prepare 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当老师进入学校大厅时，我们正在为艺术节做准备。 考查过去进行时。根据“when the teacher came into the school hall”可知，此处是指主句动作“prepare for the Art Festival”是在“老师进入大厅”这一过去时间点正在进行的动作，因此应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing；主语为“We”，be动词应用were，动词prepare的现在分词为preparing。故选C。 3．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Scott, what’s wrong with your right leg? — I fell down while I ________ basketball. A．play B．played C．was playing D．will play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——斯科特，你的右腿怎么了？——我打篮球时摔倒了。 考查过去进行时。play玩，一般现在时；played玩，一般过去时；was playing正在玩，过去进行时；will play将玩，一般将来时。根据“while”可知，此处表示“过去某个时间正在进行的动作”，用was playing符合语境。故选C。 4．（2025·北京房山·一模）AI technology ________ in many schools now. It makes our classes more interesting. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在许多学校都在使用人工智能技术。它使我们的课更有趣。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“now”可知，句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时；主语“AI technology”和动词“use”为被动关系，所以这里应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done；主语为单数，be动词应用is，动词use的过去分词为used。故选B。 5．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）More electric cars ________ in China to fight air pollution. A．produce B．produced C．are produced D．will produce 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在中国，为了对抗空气污染，更多的电动汽车被生产出来。 考查被动语态。produce生产，动词原形；produced生产，produce的过去式；are produced被生产；will produce将要生产。句子主语More electric cars“更多电动汽车”与produce“生产”之间是被动关系，即汽车是被生产出来的，所以要用被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“be+过去分词”。故选C。 考点六 非谓语动词 一、不定式的用法 常见接动词不定式作宾语的词或短语有： afford负担得起agree同意begin开始choose选择dare敢decide决定expect期望fail失败 forget忘记learn学manage设法完成plan计划prepare准备pretend假装promise承诺refuse拒绝want想要wish/hope希望 等 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词有：V + sb /sth + to do sth advise建议allow允许 ask要求expect期望force强encourage 鼓励invite邀请teach教tell告诉want想要warn警告use使用 等 在一些使役动词和感官动词后， 要把动词不定式结构中的to省略。常用的词或短语有： 五看：watch, see, look at, notice, observe三使：let, have, make二听：listen to, hear一感觉：feel 二、动名词的用法 常见后接动名词的词 V + doing sth prevent阻止 keep持续avoid避免consider考虑enjoy喜欢mind介意 practice练习suggest建议finish完成 常见后接动名词的词组 spend some time/money (in) doing sth 花费时间/金钱做某事sth be worth doing值得做某事 be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth 为某事做贡献 devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 have fun (in) doing sth做某事很开心 三、分词的用法 其后可以接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有see, watch, hear, keep, find等词； 其后可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, make, get等词。 I heard Lily singing in the classroom. 现在分词表示正在发生 My father was very glad because I offered to have the washing machine repaired. 过去分词表示被动 1．（2025·北京·模拟预测）We often practise ________ English in class. A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们经常在课堂上练习说英语。 考查动名词作宾语。结合语境，“practise”是动词，意为 “练习”，它的常见用法是“practise doing sth”，表示 “练习做某事”。故选C。 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The novel ______ by Mo Yan ______ into over 20 languages so far. A．written; has been translated B．wrote; was translated C．writing; translated D．writes; translates 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莫言写的小说已被翻译成超过20种语言。 考查非谓语动词和时态。第一空表被动，用过去分词“written”作后置定语，修饰“the novel”；句子时间状语是“so far”，时态需要用现在完成时。故选A。 3．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The teacher told us ______ waste time on video games. A．don’t B．not to C．not D．to not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们不要在电子游戏上浪费时间。 考查非谓语动词。tell sb (not) to do“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，否定形式是在to前加not。故选B。 4．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Look! The light in the lab is still on. —Oh, I forgot ______ it off before leaving. A．to turn B．turning C．turn D．turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！实验室的灯还亮着。——哦，我忘记在离开前关掉它了。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 表示“忘记做某事（事情未做）”，而forget doing sth. 表示“忘记做过某事（事情已做）”。此处表示“忘记关灯（未关）”，因此用动词不定式to turn。故选A。 5．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）I don’t want ________ some shopping this afternoon. A．to do B．doing C．did D．do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我今天下午不想去购物。 考查固定搭配。“want to do sth.”是一个固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”。故选A。 考点七 情态动词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个星期天下午我能和同学们一起去看电影吗？——是的，你当然可以。 考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“of course you can”可知，此处表示请求，应用句式Can I…?。故选A。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Bill，我可以用你的尺子吗？——当然可以。给你。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知，此处表示“请求使用对方的东西”，can表“请求允许”，符合句意。故选A。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。 考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you?”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。 情态动词 用法 示例 can/could 表示能力，意为“能；会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力 —Can you play the piano? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. The teacher asked me for my homework, but I couldn't hand it in. 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；could 的语气更加委婉 Can I play computer games, Mum? Could you pass the book to me? may 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；否定回答常用can't、mustn't或may not —May I go now? —No, you can't/mustn't. must 表示必要，意为“必须” Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time. “Must I...？”句型的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Must I finish the project today? —Yes, you must.（是的，你必须。）/—No, you needn't/don't have to.（不，你不必。） 否定形式为mustn't，表示禁止，意为“禁止；不可以” —Hurry up, Mum! Let's go across the road quickly. —No, Henry, you mustn't. The traffic lights are red. have to 表示客观需要，意为“不得不；必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化；其否定形式意为“没必要” There was no electricity in the apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark. We don't have to come to school every day. need 意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。“Need I...?”句型的肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to You needn't take your umbrella. It is not raining outside. should 表示观点或建议，意为“应该” Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. shall 表示征求对方意见，多用于第一人称 Shall we go birdwatching tomorrow? will/would 表示说话人的意愿或提出请求；would是will的过去式，语气更委婉 Will you please help me to carry this box? Would you join us? 情态动词表推测 情态动词 用法 示例 must 表示肯定推测，强调对某事很有把握，意为“一定；肯定” The book must be Mary's. We can see her name on it. could/may/might 表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能；也许” —Whose English book is this? —It might be Lily's, but I'm not sure. may not 表示否定推测，把握不大，意为“可能不” I may not come here tonight. I am not sure. can't 表示有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能” That bright light can't be a UFO—there's no such thing! 1．（2025·北京海淀·二模）—________ you pass the dictionary to me, please? —Sure. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——能请你把字典递给我吗？—— 当然。给你。 考查情态动词。Must必须；Need 需要；Could能，可以；Should应该。根据语境，这里是在委婉地请求使用对方的字典，征求许可。故选C。 2．（2025·北京朝阳·二模）—Mom, ________ I watch TV for a while after finishing my homework? —Yes, but only for 30 minutes. A．need B．must C．can D．should 【答案】C 【详解】—— 妈妈，我做完作业后能看一会儿电视吗？—— 可以，但只能看 30 分钟。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；must必须；can能够；should应该。根据“...I watch TV for a while after finishing my homework?”可知，此处寻求对方允许，应用can提问。故选C。 3．（2025·北京房山·一模）—________ you play the piano on the school show, Sam? —Sure, I can. I’ve practiced it for a long time. A．Can B．Must C．Need D．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——萨姆，你能在学校的演出上弹钢琴吗？——当然可以。我已经练习了很长时间。 考查情态动词。Can可以，能；Must必须；Need需要；Should应该。根据“Sure, I can. I’ve practiced it for a long time.”可知此处是问对方是否能在演出上弹钢琴，应用Can引导疑问句。故选A。 考点八 宾语从句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达，你知道这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。 考查宾语从句。根据“do you know...for the school trip this term”可知，空处填入的是宾语从句，用陈述句序，因此排除选项C和D（均为疑问语序）；结合回答“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，此时宾语从句用一般将来时，排除选项B（为一般过去时）。故选A。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Tim，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？——当然知道！下个星期五。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A、C；根据答语中的“Next Friday.”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，时态应用一般将来时。故选D。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗？——确定。我们吃了粽子，看了赛龙舟。 考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；主现从不限，结合“We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.”可知，从句用一般过去时，排除A。故选B。 中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序 宾语从句引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how *在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if 宾语从句的时态（主过从过）We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么 （主现从任何）I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来 宾语从句的语序 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作 *【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） Can you tell me what is the matter? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） *宾语从句和状语从句的区别（if是否、如果）（when什么时候、当） ---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 ---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 ---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ ---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 1．（2025·北京大兴·二模）—Hi, Madam. Could you explain ________? —Sure! Let me show you. A．how this machine works B．how does this machine work C．how this machine worked D．how did this machine work 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，夫人。你能解释一下这台机器是如何工作的吗？——当然！让我展示给你看。 考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句，应遵循陈述语序原则，排除B、D两项；从句表述事实，应用一般现在时。故选A。 2．（2025·北京平谷·二模）—Do you know ________ the new national park last year? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．why China set up C．when did China set up D．when China set up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道中国去年为什么要建立新的国家公园吗？——是的，我知道。是为了保护野生动物，造福当地人民。 考查宾语从句。该句是宾语从句，使用陈述语气，排除选项AC；根据“To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.”可知，问题询问的是原因，应选why，故选B。 3．（2025·北京西城·二模）—Do you know ________? —Not exactly. Maybe he wanted to do something more challenging. A．why he didn’t take the job B．why won’t he take the job C．when didn’t he take the job D．when he won’t take the job 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道他为什么不接受那份工作吗？——不太清楚。也许他想做些更有挑战性的事。 考查宾语从句。根据“Maybe he wanted to do something more challenging.”可知，此处是询问原因，因此用why引导宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。故选A。 考点九 定语从句 关系词 作用 先行词 例句 that,who, whom(只作 宾语) 主语、宾 语、表语 人 Do you know the old man who/that is standing under the tree?你认识站在树下的那个老人吗? that,which 主语、宾 语、表语 物 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.她有一台电脑,这台电脑是她父母买给她的。 whose 定语 人/物 The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦,他爸爸是位医生。 The room whose window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。 when 状语 时间 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你前往北京的那一天。 where 状语 地点 This is the school where my mother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校。 why 状语 原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 关系词只能用that的几种情况 ①当先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时 ②当先行词前面有the only, the very, the last等修饰时。 ③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。 ④当先行词既有人又有物时。 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. —Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. A．what B．that C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在，年轻人更喜欢用微信和朋友保持联系。——是的。这是一种很受年轻人欢迎的交流方式。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是“a good way of communication”，用关系代词that作从句的主语。故选B。 2．（2024·天津津南·一模）Peter is the man ________ gave me a lot of help in America. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：彼得是那个在美国给我很多帮助的人。考查定语从句的关系代词。A. which先行词指代物；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. who先行词指代人，且在从句中作主语或宾语；D. whom宾格，先行词指代人，且在从句中作宾语。本句中的"______ gave me a lot of help in America"在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词 man为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who，故答案选C。 考点十 疑问词(词组) 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Steve, ________ did you begin to learn how to play chess? —About two years ago. A．what B．when C．why D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Steve，你什么时候开始学习下棋的？——大约两年前。 考查特殊疑问句。what什么；when什么时候；why为什么；where在哪里。根据“About two years ago.”可知，此处询问时间，用when提问。故选B。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it? — In a store near my home. A．How B．Where C．Why D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你的新书包很漂亮。你在哪里买的？——在我家附近的一家商店。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎么；Where哪里；Why为什么；When 什么时候。根据答语“In a store near my home”可知，此处询问在哪里买的书包，应用where。故选B。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—________ do you tidy your own room? —Twice a week. A．How often B．How soon C．How much D．How long 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你多久整理一次你自己的房间？——一周两次。 考查疑问词组。How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How much多少（钱）；How long多久。根据“Twice a week.”可知询问频率，用How often提问。故选A。 疑问副词 (词组) 意义 用法 例句 when 什么时候 问时间 When do you get up?你什么时候起床? where 哪里 问地点 Where is my ruler?我的尺子在哪里? why 为什么 问原因 Why do you like spring?你为什么喜欢春天? how 怎样 问方式 How do you go to school?你怎么去上学? how far 多远 问距离 How far is it from here?离这儿有多远? how much 多少钱 问价格 How much is the milk?牛奶多少钱? 多少 问不可数名词的 数量 How much water is there?有多少水? how long 多久 对持续性动作提问,常用“for+时间段”回答 —How long have you lived in Beijing?你在北京住了多久了? —For ten years.十年了。 多长 问长度 How long are your legs?你的腿有多长? 续表 疑问副词 (词组) 意义 用法 例句 how often 多久一次 问频率 How often do you go to the cinema? 你多久看一次电影? how soon 多久 对一个短暂性动作提问,常用“in+时间段”回答 How soon can he finish it? 他多久能完成它? how many 多少 问可数名词的数量 How many days are there in a year? 一年有多少天? 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—________ will the new library open? —In a month. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．How far 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——新图书馆什么时候开放？——在一个月后。 考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How long多长；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据“In a month.”可知，此处询问图书馆在多久之后开放，应用How soon。故选C。 2．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—_________ can I find good Chinese food? —You should try the new restaurant on the King’s Street. A．What B．Where C．Why D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我在哪里可以找到好的中国菜？——你应该试试国王街上的新餐馆。 考查疑问词辨析。What什么；Where哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据答语“the new restaurant on the King’s Street”可知，问句询问的是地点，Where符合语境。故选B。 3．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—________ do you volunteer in the community centre, Sam? —About twice a month. A．How long B．How many C．How soon D．How often 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——山姆，你多久一次去社区中心做志愿者？ ——大约每月两次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间；How many多少；How soon多久之后；How often多久一次。根据答语“About twice a month.”可知，大约每月两次，所以问句是在询问做志愿者的频率，应用how often作特殊疑问词。故选D。 4．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Your Chinese is pretty good. ________ have you been in China? — For nearly five years. A．How long B．How far C．How many D．How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的中文很好。你来中国多久了？——将近五年了。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久；How far多远；How many多少；How much多少。根据“For nearly five years.”可知，是问来中国多久。故选A。 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）Mr. Smith teaches us English this term. We all like ________ classes very much. A．his B．him C．himself D．he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：史密斯先生这学期教我们英语。我们非常喜欢他的课。 考查代词辨析。his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己；he他，人称代词主格。空格后classes是名词，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选A。 2．（2025·北京海淀·三模）The meeting will be held ________ the morning of June 1st. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议将在6月1日早上举行。 考查介词辨析。in作为时间介词时，用在季节、月份、早上等时间段前；on作为时间介词时，用在具体的某天或某个早上等前；at作为时间介词时，用在具体的点刻前；for后跟一段时间。根据“the morning of June 1st”可知，此处表具体的某天早上。故选B。 3．（2025·北京海淀·三模）John is good at languages. He ________ speak Chinese, English and French. A．need B．would C．can D．must 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰擅长语言。他会说中文、英语和法语。 考查情态动词。need需要；would将会；can能；must必须。根据“He…speak Chinese, English and French.”的语境可知，此处强调能力，指会说中文、英语和法语，can符合。故选C。 4．（2025·北京海淀·三模）This is ________ book I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书。 考查形容词最高级。根据“I have ever read”可知，此处表示对多个事物的比较，需用最高级形式，前加定冠词the。故选D。 5．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—________ will the new bridge be completed? —In about two months. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——新桥还要多久可以建好？——大约两个月后。 考查疑问词辨析。how long多久，多长时间，用“for+一段时间回答”；how often多久一次，提问频率；how soon多久以后，用“in+一段时间”回答；how far多远，提问距离。根据回答“In about two months”可知，询问的是多久后新桥才可以建好。故选C。 6．（2025·北京海淀·三模）I wanted to buy a new dictionary, ________ I didn’t have enough money. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想买一本新词典，但我没有足够的钱。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。前后为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 7．（2025·北京海淀·三模）If he ________ here on time tomorrow, we will start the project at once. A．arrives B．will arrive C．arrived D．is arriving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果他明天准时到达这里，我们将立刻启动这个项目。 考查时态。在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来，遵循“主将从现”原则。此句中主句“we will start the project at once”是一般将来时，从句“If he ________ here on time tomorrow”是条件状语从句，所以从句应该用一般现在时。故选A。 8．（2025·北京海淀·三模）She ________ going out for a walk after dinner. A．enjoyed B．has enjoyed C．enjoys D．is enjoying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她喜欢晚饭后散步。 考查动词时态。该句描述的是习惯性的动作，用一般现在时，主语是she，动词用三单形式。故选C。 9．（2025·北京海淀·三模）They ________ a movie in the cinema when their friend called them to join a party. A．watch B．has watched C．were watching D．watched 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们正在电影院看电影，这时他们的朋友打电话叫他们参加一个聚会。 考查时态。根据“when their friend called them to join a party”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻，正在进行的活动，应用过去进行时。故选C。 10．（2025·北京海淀·三模）He ________ basketball for 3 years. Now he is good at it. A．plays B．has played C．played D．is playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他打篮球已经三年了。现在他很擅长。 考查现在完成时。根据“Now he is good at it.”可知，此处用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。故选B。 11．（2025·北京海淀·三模）The new library ________ last year and it has become a popular place for students. A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：新图书馆是去年建成的，它已经成为学生们喜爱的地方。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last year”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，主语“The new library”与“build”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done”。故选D。 12．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—Do you know ________ the Science Museum tomorrow? —At 9:00 a. m. A．what time they will arrive at B．what time will they arrive at C．what time they arrived at D．what time did they arrive at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道他们明天什么时间到达科学博物馆？——早晨9点。 考查宾语从句。这里是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序是陈述语气，故排除BD；根据“tomorrow”可知，宾语从句的时态应该用一般将来时。故选A。 13．（2024·北京西城·三模）Mrs. Lee teaches us math. We all like ________. A．she B．us C．him D．her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李老师教我们数学。我们都喜欢她。 考查代词辨析。she她，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；him他，人称代词宾格；her她，人称代词宾格。根据上句主语“Mrs. Lee”提示，此处指的是大家都喜欢李老师，此处应用“她”指代李老师，且空格前为谓语“like”，故空格处应填人称代词宾格形式her。故选D。 14．（2024·北京大兴·一模）— Must I hand in my poster on Friday? —No, you ________. You can hand it in next Monday. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须在这个星期五上交海报么？——不，你不必。你可以在下周一交。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“Must I...”可知，其否定回答为No, you needn’t，指的是不必在下周五交海报。故选A。 15．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Which season do you like ________, winter or summer? —Summer. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——冬天和夏天，你更喜欢哪个季节？——夏天。 考查副词等级。good好的，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；better更好地，副词比较级；best最好地，副词最高级。根据句中“winter or summer”提示，此处存在比较形式，故应用副词的比较级形式。故选C。 16．（2024·北京西城·三模）________ Su Yiming is only 18 years old, he is already a highly successful sportsman. A．If B．Until C．Because D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然苏翊鸣只有18岁，但他已经是一位非常成功的运动员。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为；although虽然。前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 17．（2023·上海松江·一模）—________ did it take you to finish reading the science fiction book? —Three days. A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你花了多长时间读完这本科幻小说？——三天。 考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How long多久，多长时间；How much多少；How soon多久以后。根据“Three days.”可知，此处是问多长时间。故选B。 18．（2023·北京怀柔·一模）—Where’s your father, Tom? — He __________newspaper in the study. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．has read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：--汤姆，你爸爸在哪里？--他在书房里读报纸。根据问句“汤姆，你爸爸在哪里？”，判断答语的句意是“他正在书房里读报纸。”即设空处的动作在说话时刻正在进行着，所以句子用现在进行时，现在进行时的构成：am/is/are+动词的现在分词，故答案为C。 19．（2024·北京西城·三模）Mrs. Liu _____ in our school since 20 years ago. A．teach B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从20年前刘老师就在我们学校教书。teach教，是动词原形；taught教，是teach的过去式；is teaching现在进行时态；has taught现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状语since 20 years ago可知，这里表示从20年前直到现在，应使用现在完成时态，故应选D。 20．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? —There ________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. A．will have B．is going to have C．will be D．are going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克，你为什么这么着急？——十分钟后将有一场NBA篮球赛。 考查there be结构的将来时。此处表示“将有”，用there be结构的将来时there will be/there be going to be，主语是an NBA basketball game，be动词用is。故选C。 21．（2024·北京西城·三模）What will you do if you ________ to the old people’s home? A．go B．went C．going D．will go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你去敬老院，你会做什么？ 考查if引导的条件状语从句。根据题意可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的搭配，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句主语是you，因此动词为原形go。故选A。 22．（2023·上海杨浦·一模）The three astronauts finally ________ after 183 days in space on 4, December 2022. A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．will return 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这三名宇航员在太空中飞行了183天后于2022年12月4日返回。 考查时态。根据“on 4, December 2022”可知动作发生在过去，故用过去式，故选A。 23．（2022·湖北·中考真题）—Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. —How creative! A．is sending B．are sending C．is sent D．are sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——每年母亲节都会给妈妈们寄很多DIY卡片。——多么有创意！ 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“Many DIY cards”和谓语“send”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 24．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）We are from No. 1 Middle School. Miss Smith is ________ English teacher. A．her B．his C．our D．your 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们来自第一中学。史密斯老师是我们的英语老师。 考查人称代词。her她的；his他的；our我们的；your你们的。根据We可知，此处是在说我们的相关情况，史密斯老师是“我们的”英语老师。故选C。 25．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）It often rains ________ summer in the south of China. A．at B．on C．to D．in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国南方，夏天总是有雨。 考查时间介词。at在，通常在具体的时刻之前；on在某一天；to朝着；in在……里，通常用于一天以上的时间。根据summer可知，“在夏天”in summer。故选D。 26．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）— ________ you ride a bike? — Of course, I can. My father taught me when I was 8. A．Can B．Need C．Will D．Must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你会骑自行车吗？——当然，我会。我父亲在我八岁的时候教得我。 考查一般疑问句。Can能够；Need需要；Will将要；Must必须。根据答语“Of course, I can.”用can回答的，可知问句中应用Can来提问。故选A。 27．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）The Summer Palace is one of ________ parks in Beijing. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．the most beautiful D．most beautiful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：颐和园是北京最美丽的公园之一。 考查形容词的最高级。one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词的复数，表示“最……之一”，因此改空为the most beautiful。故选C。 28．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）—________ do you stay in Beijing for such a long time, Lily? —Because I like the places of interest here very much. A．Why B．Who C．How D．When 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Lily，你为什么在北京待了这么长时间？——因为我非常喜欢这里的名胜古迹。 考查特殊疑问词。why为什么；who谁；how如何；when什么时候。根据“Because”可知，because回答why的疑问句，故选A。 29．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）I’m free this afternoon, ________ I’m going to do some reading. A．or B．so C．but D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我今天下午有空，所以我要读一些书。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so所以；but但是；because因为。前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so连接。故选B。 30．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）It’s eight o’clock now. The students ________ to the teacher carefully in class. A．listen B．will listen C．are listening D．were listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在是8点钟。学生们在课堂上认真地听老师讲课。 考查时态。根据“It’s eight o’clock now.”可知，此处描述8点钟时学生正在做的事情，应用现在进行时，结构为am/is/are doing。故选C。 31．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）—Betty ________ on a Silk Road trip last year. —Really? It must be a wonderful trip. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——贝蒂去年去丝绸之路旅行了。——真的吗？这一定是一次美妙的旅行。 考查时态。根据last year可知，句子要用一般现在时，动词用过去式，即went。故选B。 32．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）My mother ________ in the nursing home for ten years. A．works B．worked C．will work D．has worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈已经在护士之家工作了十年了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for ten years”可知，此题考查的是现在完成时，指的是，我妈妈从过去到现在在护士之家持续工作了十年。故选D。 33．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）If you try your best to do everything, you ________ a difference. A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你尽全力做每一件事，那么你将会有所作为。 考查一般将来时。根据句意可知，当主从句动作均未发生，if“如果”引导的条件状语从句，应用主将从现的时态，故主句应用一般将来时。故选C。 34．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）What an amazing picture! It ________ more than 900 years ago. A．painted B．was painted C．is painted D．will be painted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么令人惊奇的画！它是900多年前画的。 考查被动语态。it代指picture，和谓语paint之间是被动关系，根据“900 years ago”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 35．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Peter, is this your new bike? —No, the black one under the tree is ________. A．me B．I C．my D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——彼得，这是你的新自行车吗？——不是，树下的那辆黑色的是我的。 考查代词辨析。me我，宾格；I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“the black one under the tree is”可知树下的那辆黑色自行车是我的，空后无名词，此处用名词性物主代词。故选D。 36．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Lily usually gets up late ________ Sunday mornings. A．on B．in C．at D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莉莉星期天早上通常起得很晚。 考查介词。on指具体的某一天和星期几或星期几上午、下午、晚上之前；in用于年月季节之前； at用于具体的某一时刻之前；of用于名词所有格，表示“……的……”。根据“Sunday mornings.”可知是指在星期日上午，故选A。 37．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—________ did you buy for your mother’s birthday, Linda? —A dress and some flowers. A．How B．Where C．What D．When 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——琳达，你为你妈妈的生日买了什么？——一件连衣裙和一些花。 考查特殊疑问句。how如何；where哪里；what什么；when什么时候。根据“did you buy for your mother’s birthday”以及“A dress and some flowers.”可知是为妈妈的生日买了什么，疑问词用what。故选C。 38．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Lucy is only 4 years old, ________ she shows her talent for the piano. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西只有4岁，但她展示了她的钢琴天赋。 考查连词。and和；or或者；so所以；but但是。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故选D。 39．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—________ you give me some suggestions on learning Chinese, Lin Tao? —Of course, I can. A．Need B．Can C．May D．Must 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——林涛，你能给我一些学习汉语的建议吗？——当然，我可以。 考查情态动词。Need需要；Can能够；May可以；Must必须。根据“Of course, I can.”可知，此处表示请求允许，应用can，故选B。 40．（2024·北京平谷·二模）David thinks science is as ________ as Chinese. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大卫认为科学和语文一样难。 考查形容词原级。as...as之间用形容词的原级difficult，故选A。 41．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Ann, where is your mother? —She ________ the room now. A．is cleaning B．cleans C．will clean D．cleaned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——安，你妈妈在哪里？——她现在正在打扫房间。 考查时态。根据“where is your mother”以及“now”可知此处表示现在正在做的事情，用现在进行时am/is/are doing。故选A。 42．（2024·北京平谷·二模）It ________ heavily when I left the supermarket yesterday. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天我离开超市时雨下得很大。 考查时态。根据“when I left the supermarket yesterday.”可知离开的时候正在下大雨，故主句用过去进行时was/were doing。故选D。 43．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Tom’s father ________to a new place to work last week. A．moves B．moved C．will move D．was moving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆的父亲上周搬到了一个新地方工作。 考查一般过去时。根据“last week”可知句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故选B。 44．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Paul and I are good friends. We ________ each other for ten years. A．know B．knew C．will know D．have known 【答案】D 【详解】句意：保罗和我是好朋友。我们已经相识十年了。 考查动词时态。know知道；认识；了解，动词原形；knew动词的过去式；will know一般将来时；have known现在完成时。根据“for ten years”可知，for+一段时间是现在完成时的时间标志词，与现在完成时连用，且现在完成时的构成为has/have+过去分词。故选D。 45．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Today, AI ________ by lots of people. A．uses B．is used C．will be used D．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天，人工智能被很多人使用。 考查时态和语态。主语AI和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“Today”可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是AI，be动词用is。故选B。 46．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Do you know ________ the National Museum? —Next Friday. A．when will we visit B．when did we visit C．when we will visit D．when we visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道我们什么时候参观国家博物馆吗？——下个星期五。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB选项；结合“Next Friday.”可知，从句用一般将来时，故选C。 47．（2024·北京丰台·二模）My uncle will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet ________ at the airport. A．her B．you C．him D．them 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我叔叔明天要来看我。我要去机场见他。 考查代词。her她；you你；him他；them他们。句子缺少宾语，此处指代“my uncle”，用宾格him。故选C。 48．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Paul’s sister is a nurse. She works ________ a hospital. A．with B．on C．of D．in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：保罗的妹妹是护士。她在一家医院工作。 考查介词辨析。with和；on在……上；of……的；in在……里。根据“She works … a hospital.”可知，此处应指她在一家医院里工作。故选D。 49．（2024·北京丰台·二模）I really want to climb the mountain, ________ it is raining heavily. A．but B．so C．or D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我很想去爬山，但是雨下得很大。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；or或者；because因为。根据“I really want to climb the mountain, …it is raining heavily.”可知，此处表示转折，因此用but。故选A。 50．（2024·北京丰台·二模）—________ you pass the book to me? —No problem. A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能把书递给我吗？——没问题。 考查情态动词辨析。Could能够，表示委婉语气；Should应该；Must必须；Need需要。结合对话情景可知，此处是请求对方是否能把书递过来，对方欣然同意，所以这里用情态动词could，表示比较委婉客气地提出问题。故选A。 51．（2024·北京丰台·二模）— ________ are these tomatoes? — $2.88. A．How much B．How long C．How heavy D．How big 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这些西红柿多少钱？——2.88美元。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱，多少，提问不可数名词；How long多长，多长时间；How heavy多重；How big多大。根据“$2.88.”可知，提问价格用how much。故选A。 52．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Tony thinks that Chinese is ________ than English. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 【答案】B 【详解】句意：托尼认为汉语比英语困难。 考查形容词比较级。difficult“困难的”，形容词，其比较级为more difficult。根据than可知，空处需用形容词比较级。故选B。 53．（2024·北京丰台·二模） I ________ a music club last weekend. A．join B．joined C．will join D．have joined 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周末我加入了一个音乐俱乐部。 考查动词时态。根据“last weekend”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式joined。故选B。 54．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Be quiet. Our teachers ________ a meeting now. A．have B．had C．will have D．are having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：安静点。我们的老师正在开会。 考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知，句子的时态是现在进行时，其谓语动词构成是be+动词现在分词形式，主语是“Our teachers”，因此be动词用are。故选D。 55．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Miss Green ________ in our school since 2020. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．will teach 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格林小姐自2020年以来一直在我们学校教学。 考查现在完成时。根据“since 2020”可知，此句应用现在完成时，构成为has/ have done，主语“Miss Green”为第三人称单数，因此用has taught。故选C。 56．（2024·北京丰台·二模）When I got home, my brother ________ a model plane. A．makes B．was making C．made D．will make 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我到家时，我的弟弟正在做一个模型飞机。 考查过去进行时。根据“When I got home,”可知，此处用过去进行时，表示当我到家时，我的弟弟正在做一个模型飞机，结构是were/was+现在分词。故选B。 57．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Tina’s car ________ last month. It works very well now. A．repairs B．repaired C．is repaired D．was repaired 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蒂娜的车上个月修好了。它现在运行得很好。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Tina’s car … last month.”可知 ，时态为一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语“Tina’s car”为第三人称单数，因此用was repaired。故选D。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 单项选择（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词 考点二 介词 考点三 情态动词 考点四 比较级 考点五 疑问词 考点六 连词 考点七 时态、语态 考点八 情态动词 考点九 宾语从句 考点十 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型，考查内容多以语法、词汇为主，也考查交际用语和句子情景理解等。北京中考主要考查考查句法、词法，根据上下文理解、语法或词法的要求选出能够填入空白中的最佳选项。 热考角度 题号 2025 2024 2023 1 代词 代词 代词 2 介词 介词 介词 3 情态动词 情态动词 情态动词 4 比较级 比较级 比较级 5 疑问词 疑问词 疑问词 6 连词 连词 连词 7 过去进行时 过去时 现在进行时 8 一般现在时 一般现在时 过去时 9 一般现在时 过去进行时 将来时 10 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在完成时 11 被动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 12 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 命题预测 主要考查代词、介词、连词、形容词、副词、情态动词、时态、被动语态和宾语从句。近几年动词时态所占分值较高,应引起重视 词法 代词 句法 疑问句 介词 并列句 情态动词 宾语从句 形容词、副词 状语从句 连词 动词时态、语态 考点一 代词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs. A．I B．He C．You D．She 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）My friends and I like sports. ________ often play basketball together after school. A．We B．I C．They D．You 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）My sister enjoys singing and ________ favorite subject is music. A．his B．her C．your D．their 人称代词 人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 主格 I(我) you (你) he(他) she(她) it(它) we(我们) you(你们) they (他们，她们，它们) 宾格 me(我) you (你) him(他) her(她) it(她) us(我们) you(你们) them (他们，她们，它们) *单数人称代词并列做主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称you→he/she/it→ I。如： You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容 词性 my (我的) your (你的) his (他的) her (她的) its (它的) our (我们的) your (你们的) their (他们的，她们的，它们的) 名词 性 mine (我的) yours (你的) his (他的) hers (她的) its (她的) ours (我们的) yours (你们的) theirs(他们的，她们的，它们的) *形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。如：Li Lei’s father is taller than mine. (mine=my father) 反身代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) *enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快；hurt oneself 伤着自己；teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学；(all) by oneself (完全)独立地；help oneself to请自便，随便吃……；look after oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己；leave one by oneself 把……单独留下；lose oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于；dress oneself 穿衣；make oneself at home不拘束，随便；wash oneself 洗澡。 指示代词 this（these），that（those） *that 和those代替前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou *this 在电话用语中代表自己（我），that 则代表对方（你）。如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 不定代词 1.both, either与neither both 指“两者都”，表肯定。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 neither 指“两者中没有一个”，表否定。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 2.a few, few, a little与little 肯定意义 否定意义 所跟名词 a few一些，几个 few几乎没有 可数名词复数 a little一点儿 little几乎没有 不可数名词 3.other、the other、another、others与the others的用法辨析： ①other意为“其他的、别的”。 ②the other意为“两者中的另一个”。 ③another意为“另外的，再一，又一”，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个。 ④others泛指“其他的/另外的人/物”(指大部分)，常与some搭配构成“some...others...” ⑤the others表示特指某范围内的“其余的人/物”，(指全部) 4.复合不定代词somebody、something、anything、nothing、everything和everybody的用法辨析： *在句子中当单数使用 修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面someone outside ，nothing much 5.none、no one、nobody的用法辨析 *no one和nobody都表示“没有人”，仅指人---通常以who提问 none表示“没有一个人/物”，可指人也可以指物 --通常以how many\much提问 6.it的用法 形式主语It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 形式宾语I find it difficult to learn English. // He thinks it easy to work out this maths problem. 1．（2025·北京顺义·二模）My brother is only six, but ________ can tidy his own bedroom now. A．I B．he C．she D．they 2．（2025·北京朝阳·二模）My brother wants to be an astronaut. ________ favorite subject is physics. A．His B．Her C．Your D．Their 3．（2025·北京昌平·二模）Sara and Cindy live near each other. ________ often walk to school together. A．We B．I C．They D．You 考点二 介词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October. A．at B．on C．in D．to 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．at B．on C．in D．to 1.时间介词 at / in / on ★at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：at 7:00；at noon；at midnight等。 ★in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。如：in summer；in 2013；in three days；in May；in winter；in the morning；in the afternoon等。 ★on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。如：on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。 2.表示地点、方位的介词 in / on / to+方位名词 ★in表示A地在B地范围之内。如：Taiwan is in the southeast of China. // Beijing is in the north of China. ★to表示A地在B地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔。如：Japan lies to the east of China. ★on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如：North Korea is on the east of China. 3.其他介词易错点 （1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别： ★across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。如：Go across the bridge and you will see the cinema. ★through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。如：The moon shone in through the window. （2）besides / except 表示“除……外”时的用法区别： ★besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，具有附加性质，还包括在内。如： Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.（王先生也去了） ★except表示“……除外”，具有排它性质，不包括在内。如： We all went to see the film except Mr Wang.（王先生没去） （3）in the tree / on the tree表示“在树上”时的用法区别： ★in the tree 指动物或人在树上。如：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 ★on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上。如：There are many apples on the apple tree. 苹果树上有许多苹果。 1．（2025·北京门头沟·一模）To make our hometown more beautiful, we always plant some trees ________ spring. A．to B．on C．at D．in 2．（2025·北京·一模）The 9th Asian Winter Games was held in Harbin ________ February 2025. A．on B．in C．at D．to 3．（2025·北京朝阳·一模）My parents took me to watch a performance ________ my birthday, March 12th. A．at B．on C．to D．in 考点三 连词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 2．（2023·北京·中考真题）It was difficult to climb the mountain, ________ Sam got to the top at last. A．or B．so C．for D．but 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _________ I’m thankful to him. A．or B．but C．for D．so 1.并列连词 and “和”，表并列或顺承关系I often play volleyball with my friends, and I like reading too. but “但是”，表转折关系 I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time. while“然而”He’s a worker while his wife is a doctor. so “因此，所以”，表因果关系The dress was very expensive, so I didn’t buy it. Or “或者”，表选择关系 Do you go to school by bus or on foot? “否则”，表条件关系 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the plane. 2.并列连词短语 neither...nor... 两者都不……Neither he nor his children like fish. not only...but also... 不仅……而且……My mum not only helps clean the rooms for my grandparents but also does some shopping for them. either...or...或者……或者……Either you or he is wrong. both...and...两者都…… Both Simon and David are ready to take on new challenges. 3.从属连词（引导从句） when “当……时”。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态Sorry, I was out when you called me. while “正当……时”。while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时It began to rain while we were walking in the park. until “直到……”常用在“not...until...” 结构中，表示“直到……才……”Peter didn’t show up until the meeting had begun. as soon as“一…就…”。主句和从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则 I’ ll visit you as soon as I come back. if“如果”。 if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he has time tomorrow, he will attend the meeting. unless “除非，如果不”。unless可以转化为“if...not...”结构。主从句时态同if用法一致 He won’ t finish the work unless he works hard. because 不能与so连用I didn’t accept his help because I wanted to try it myself. though/ although 虽然；尽管”。不能与but同时使用 Although/Though the cinema had a big car park, I could not find a space to park my car. so...that... “如此……以至于……”，so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so＋adj./adv.＋that...”，常与 too...to...结构互换She is so tired that she can’t go any farther.＝She is too tired to go any farther. such...that...“如此……以至于……”， such修饰的中心词是名词，结构为 “such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...”或“such＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that...” It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. 1．（2024·北京东城·模拟预测）I’d like to go to your birthday party, ________ I’m too busy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 2．（23-24九年级上·北京朝阳·期末）Running is a good way to keep healthy, ________ many people love it. A．or B．but C．because D．so 3．（2023九年级·北京·专题练习）Have breakfast every morning ________ you’ll get ill. A．and B．or C．but D．because 考点四 比较级和最高级 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）The National Library of China is ________ public library in Asia. A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ________ in our school. A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 3．（2022·北京·中考真题）After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 如何判断比较级和最高级 注意 easier就是比较级 可以用much修饰 more easier 是错的 (1)由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。如：The film is too boring. 这部电影太无聊了。 (2)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下 1) A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等。 My best friend is as tall as her mother. 我最好的朋友和她妈妈一样高。 2) A＋be＋not＋so/as＋原级＋as＋B，意为“A不及B那样……”，表示不如或不相等。 This red skirt is not so/as beautiful as that blue one. 这条红色的短裙不如那条蓝色的漂亮。 3) A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B，表示“A是B的……倍” (常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字＋times)。 Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。 4) as＋原级＋as＋用作比喻的名词，意为“像……一样……”，此结构可形成许多习惯用语，多用于口语。He is as busy as a bee.他像蜜蜂一样忙碌。 (1)表示两者进行比较时用比较级。( than ) (2)由表程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰，用形容词或副词的比较级 It is much hotter today. 今天要热得多。 (1)表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the， 副词最高级前可以不加。句末常跟一个in/of/among 短语来表示范围。He is the tallest boy in our class. *不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 1．（2025·北京海淀·二模）—Which do you like ________, coffee or tea? —Tea. Green tea is my favorite. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 2．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）Of all the students in my class, Lily is ________when it comes to doing homework. A．careful B．more careful C．most careful D．the most careful 3．（2025·北京·一模）—Have you watched Ne Zha 2? —Yes, of course. It’s one of ________ films during the Spring Festival. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 考点五 动词时态、语态 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 2．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 3．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 4．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 5．（2023·北京·中考真题）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A．are planted B．were planted C．plant D．planted 六种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to...6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 现在完成时 结构 主语＋has/have＋动词过去分词＋其他 标志词 1.already, ever, never, just, yet, still 2.recently, lately, so far, up to/ till now 3.in the past/last three years/... 4.since 1998, since＋时间点 5.for three years, for＋一段时间 被动语态 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（done）”构成。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 分类 被动结构 示例 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Chinese is spoken by more and more people around the world nowadays. 一般过去时 was/were+done Tea was invented by accident about 5,000 years ago. 一般将来时 will+be+done； am/is/are going to+be+done To make the environment much better, more trees will be planted next year. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being+done The hair product is being used at present. 现在完成时 have/has+been+done How much e-waste has been produced? 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+done 16-year-old teenagers shouldn't be allowed to drive. Something must be done about the present situation. 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）If Jenny _________ time, we will go boating in Beihai Park next Sunday. A．has B．had C．will have D．is having 2．（2025·北京丰台·二模）We ________ for the Art Festival when the teacher came into the school hall. A．prepare B．are preparing C．were preparing D．will prepare 3．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Scott, what’s wrong with your right leg? — I fell down while I ________ basketball. A．play B．played C．was playing D．will play 4．（2025·北京房山·一模）AI technology ________ in many schools now. It makes our classes more interesting. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 5．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）More electric cars ________ in China to fight air pollution. A．produce B．produced C．are produced D．will produce 考点六 非谓语动词 一、不定式的用法 常见接动词不定式作宾语的词或短语有： afford负担得起agree同意begin开始choose选择dare敢decide决定expect期望fail失败 forget忘记learn学manage设法完成plan计划prepare准备pretend假装promise承诺refuse拒绝want想要wish/hope希望 等 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词有：V + sb /sth + to do sth advise建议allow允许 ask要求expect期望force强encourage 鼓励invite邀请teach教tell告诉want想要warn警告use使用 等 在一些使役动词和感官动词后， 要把动词不定式结构中的to省略。常用的词或短语有： 五看：watch, see, look at, notice, observe三使：let, have, make二听：listen to, hear一感觉：feel 二、动名词的用法 常见后接动名词的词 V + doing sth prevent阻止 keep持续avoid避免consider考虑enjoy喜欢mind介意 practice练习suggest建议finish完成 常见后接动名词的词组 spend some time/money (in) doing sth 花费时间/金钱做某事sth be worth doing值得做某事 be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth 为某事做贡献 devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 have fun (in) doing sth做某事很开心 三、分词的用法 其后可以接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有see, watch, hear, keep, find等词； 其后可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, make, get等词。 I heard Lily singing in the classroom. 现在分词表示正在发生 My father was very glad because I offered to have the washing machine repaired. 过去分词表示被动 1．（2025·北京·模拟预测）We often practise ________ English in class. A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The novel ______ by Mo Yan ______ into over 20 languages so far. A．written; has been translated B．wrote; was translated C．writing; translated D．writes; translates 3．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The teacher told us ______ waste time on video games. A．don’t B．not to C．not D．to not 4．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Look! The light in the lab is still on. —Oh, I forgot ______ it off before leaving. A．to turn B．turning C．turn D．turned 5．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）I don’t want ________ some shopping this afternoon. A．to do B．doing C．did D．do 考点七 情态动词 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need D．should 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A．can B．must C．need D．should 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 情态动词 用法 示例 can/could 表示能力，意为“能；会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力 —Can you play the piano? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. The teacher asked me for my homework, but I couldn't hand it in. 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；could 的语气更加委婉 Can I play computer games, Mum? Could you pass the book to me? may 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；否定回答常用can't、mustn't或may not —May I go now? —No, you can't/mustn't. must 表示必要，意为“必须” Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time. “Must I...？”句型的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Must I finish the project today? —Yes, you must.（是的，你必须。）/—No, you needn't/don't have to.（不，你不必。） 否定形式为mustn't，表示禁止，意为“禁止；不可以” —Hurry up, Mum! Let's go across the road quickly. —No, Henry, you mustn't. The traffic lights are red. have to 表示客观需要，意为“不得不；必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化；其否定形式意为“没必要” There was no electricity in the apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark. We don't have to come to school every day. need 意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。“Need I...?”句型的肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to You needn't take your umbrella. It is not raining outside. should 表示观点或建议，意为“应该” Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. shall 表示征求对方意见，多用于第一人称 Shall we go birdwatching tomorrow? will/would 表示说话人的意愿或提出请求；would是will的过去式，语气更委婉 Will you please help me to carry this box? Would you join us? 情态动词表推测 情态动词 用法 示例 must 表示肯定推测，强调对某事很有把握，意为“一定；肯定” The book must be Mary's. We can see her name on it. could/may/might 表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能；也许” —Whose English book is this? —It might be Lily's, but I'm not sure. may not 表示否定推测，把握不大，意为“可能不” I may not come here tonight. I am not sure. can't 表示有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能” That bright light can't be a UFO—there's no such thing! 1．（2025·北京海淀·二模）—________ you pass the dictionary to me, please? —Sure. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 2．（2025·北京朝阳·二模）—Mom, ________ I watch TV for a while after finishing my homework? —Yes, but only for 30 minutes. A．need B．must C．can D．should 3．（2025·北京房山·一模）—________ you play the piano on the school show, Sam? —Sure, I can. I’ve practiced it for a long time. A．Can B．Must C．Need D．Should 考点八 宾语从句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序 宾语从句引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how *在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if 宾语从句的时态（主过从过）We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么 （主现从任何）I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来 宾语从句的语序 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作 *【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） Can you tell me what is the matter? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） *宾语从句和状语从句的区别（if是否、如果）（when什么时候、当） ---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 ---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 ---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ ---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 1．（2025·北京大兴·二模）—Hi, Madam. Could you explain ________? —Sure! Let me show you. A．how this machine works B．how does this machine work C．how this machine worked D．how did this machine work 2．（2025·北京平谷·二模）—Do you know ________ the new national park last year? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．why China set up C．when did China set up D．when China set up 3．（2025·北京西城·二模）—Do you know ________? —Not exactly. Maybe he wanted to do something more challenging. A．why he didn’t take the job B．why won’t he take the job C．when didn’t he take the job D．when he won’t take the job 考点九 定语从句 关系词 作用 先行词 例句 that,who, whom(只作 宾语) 主语、宾 语、表语 人 Do you know the old man who/that is standing under the tree?你认识站在树下的那个老人吗? that,which 主语、宾 语、表语 物 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.她有一台电脑,这台电脑是她父母买给她的。 whose 定语 人/物 The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦,他爸爸是位医生。 The room whose window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。 when 状语 时间 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你前往北京的那一天。 where 状语 地点 This is the school where my mother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校。 why 状语 原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 关系词只能用that的几种情况 ①当先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时 ②当先行词前面有the only, the very, the last等修饰时。 ③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。 ④当先行词既有人又有物时。 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. —Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. A．what B．that C．who D．/ 2．（2024·天津津南·一模）Peter is the man ________ gave me a lot of help in America. A．which B．what C．who D．whom 考点十 疑问词(词组) 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Steve, ________ did you begin to learn how to play chess? —About two years ago. A．what B．when C．why D．where 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it? — In a store near my home. A．How B．Where C．Why D．When 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—________ do you tidy your own room? —Twice a week. A．How often B．How soon C．How much D．How long 疑问副词 (词组) 意义 用法 例句 when 什么时候 问时间 When do you get up?你什么时候起床? where 哪里 问地点 Where is my ruler?我的尺子在哪里? why 为什么 问原因 Why do you like spring?你为什么喜欢春天? how 怎样 问方式 How do you go to school?你怎么去上学? how far 多远 问距离 How far is it from here?离这儿有多远? how much 多少钱 问价格 How much is the milk?牛奶多少钱? 多少 问不可数名词的 数量 How much water is there?有多少水? how long 多久 对持续性动作提问,常用“for+时间段”回答 —How long have you lived in Beijing?你在北京住了多久了? —For ten years.十年了。 多长 问长度 How long are your legs?你的腿有多长? 续表 疑问副词 (词组) 意义 用法 例句 how often 多久一次 问频率 How often do you go to the cinema? 你多久看一次电影? how soon 多久 对一个短暂性动作提问,常用“in+时间段”回答 How soon can he finish it? 他多久能完成它? how many 多少 问可数名词的数量 How many days are there in a year? 一年有多少天? 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—________ will the new library open? —In a month. A．How often B．How long C．How soon D．How far 2．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—_________ can I find good Chinese food? —You should try the new restaurant on the King’s Street. A．What B．Where C．Why D．When 3．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—________ do you volunteer in the community centre, Sam? —About twice a month. A．How long B．How many C．How soon D．How often 4．（2025·北京大兴·二模）— Your Chinese is pretty good. ________ have you been in China? — For nearly five years. A．How long B．How far C．How many D．How much 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）Mr. Smith teaches us English this term. We all like ________ classes very much. A．his B．him C．himself D．he 2．（2025·北京海淀·三模）The meeting will be held ________ the morning of June 1st. A．in B．on C．at D．for 3．（2025·北京海淀·三模）John is good at languages. He ________ speak Chinese, English and French. A．need B．would C．can D．must 4．（2025·北京海淀·三模）This is ________ book I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 5．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—________ will the new bridge be completed? —In about two months. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 6．（2025·北京海淀·三模）I wanted to buy a new dictionary, ________ I didn’t have enough money. A．and B．but C．or D．so 7．（2025·北京海淀·三模）If he ________ here on time tomorrow, we will start the project at once. A．arrives B．will arrive C．arrived D．is arriving 8．（2025·北京海淀·三模）She ________ going out for a walk after dinner. A．enjoyed B．has enjoyed C．enjoys D．is enjoying 9．（2025·北京海淀·三模）They ________ a movie in the cinema when their friend called them to join a party. A．watch B．has watched C．were watching D．watched 10．（2025·北京海淀·三模）He ________ basketball for 3 years. Now he is good at it. A．plays B．has played C．played D．is playing 11．（2025·北京海淀·三模）The new library ________ last year and it has become a popular place for students. A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built 12．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—Do you know ________ the Science Museum tomorrow? —At 9:00 a. m. A．what time they will arrive at B．what time will they arrive at C．what time they arrived at D．what time did they arrive at 13．（2024·北京西城·三模）Mrs. Lee teaches us math. We all like ________. A．she B．us C．him D．her 14．（2024·北京大兴·一模）— Must I hand in my poster on Friday? —No, you ________. You can hand it in next Monday. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 15．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Which season do you like ________, winter or summer? —Summer. A．good B．well C．better D．best 16．（2024·北京西城·三模）________ Su Yiming is only 18 years old, he is already a highly successful sportsman. A．If B．Until C．Because D．Although 17．（2023·上海松江·一模）—________ did it take you to finish reading the science fiction book? —Three days. A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How soon 18．（2023·北京怀柔·一模）—Where’s your father, Tom? — He __________newspaper in the study. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．has read 19．（2024·北京西城·三模）Mrs. Liu _____ in our school since 20 years ago. A．teach B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 20．（2024·北京西城·三模）—Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? —There ________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. A．will have B．is going to have C．will be D．are going to be 21．（2024·北京西城·三模）What will you do if you ________ to the old people’s home? A．go B．went C．going D．will go 22．（2023·上海杨浦·一模）The three astronauts finally ________ after 183 days in space on 4, December 2022. A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．will return 23．（2022·湖北·中考真题）—Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. —How creative! A．is sending B．are sending C．is sent D．are sent 24．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）We are from No. 1 Middle School. Miss Smith is ________ English teacher. A．her B．his C．our D．your 25．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）It often rains ________ summer in the south of China. A．at B．on C．to D．in 26．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）— ________ you ride a bike? — Of course, I can. My father taught me when I was 8. A．Can B．Need C．Will D．Must 27．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）The Summer Palace is one of ________ parks in Beijing. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．the most beautiful D．most beautiful 28．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）—________ do you stay in Beijing for such a long time, Lily? —Because I like the places of interest here very much. A．Why B．Who C．How D．When 29．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）I’m free this afternoon, ________ I’m going to do some reading. A．or B．so C．but D．because 30．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）It’s eight o’clock now. The students ________ to the teacher carefully in class. A．listen B．will listen C．are listening D．were listening 31．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）—Betty ________ on a Silk Road trip last year. —Really? It must be a wonderful trip. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 32．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）My mother ________ in the nursing home for ten years. A．works B．worked C．will work D．has worked 33．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）If you try your best to do everything, you ________ a difference. A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 34．（2023·北京门头沟·二模）What an amazing picture! It ________ more than 900 years ago. A．painted B．was painted C．is painted D．will be painted 35．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Peter, is this your new bike? —No, the black one under the tree is ________. A．me B．I C．my D．mine 36．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Lily usually gets up late ________ Sunday mornings. A．on B．in C．at D．of 37．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—________ did you buy for your mother’s birthday, Linda? —A dress and some flowers. A．How B．Where C．What D．When 38．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Lucy is only 4 years old, ________ she shows her talent for the piano. A．and B．or C．so D．but 39．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—________ you give me some suggestions on learning Chinese, Lin Tao? —Of course, I can. A．Need B．Can C．May D．Must 40．（2024·北京平谷·二模）David thinks science is as ________ as Chinese. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 41．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Ann, where is your mother? —She ________ the room now. A．is cleaning B．cleans C．will clean D．cleaned 42．（2024·北京平谷·二模）It ________ heavily when I left the supermarket yesterday. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 43．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Tom’s father ________to a new place to work last week. A．moves B．moved C．will move D．was moving 44．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Paul and I are good friends. We ________ each other for ten years. A．know B．knew C．will know D．have known 45．（2024·北京平谷·二模）Today, AI ________ by lots of people. A．uses B．is used C．will be used D．was used 46．（2024·北京平谷·二模）—Do you know ________ the National Museum? —Next Friday. A．when will we visit B．when did we visit C．when we will visit D．when we visited 47．（2024·北京丰台·二模）My uncle will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet ________ at the airport. A．her B．you C．him D．them 48．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Paul’s sister is a nurse. She works ________ a hospital. A．with B．on C．of D．in 49．（2024·北京丰台·二模）I really want to climb the mountain, ________ it is raining heavily. A．but B．so C．or D．because 50．（2024·北京丰台·二模）—________ you pass the book to me? —No problem. A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need 51．（2024·北京丰台·二模）— ________ are these tomatoes? — $2.88. A．How much B．How long C．How heavy D．How big 52．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Tony thinks that Chinese is ________ than English. A．difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 53．（2024·北京丰台·二模） I ________ a music club last weekend. A．join B．joined C．will join D．have joined 54．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Be quiet. Our teachers ________ a meeting now. A．have B．had C．will have D．are having 55．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Miss Green ________ in our school since 2020. A．teaches B．taught C．has taught D．will teach 56．（2024·北京丰台·二模）When I got home, my brother ________ a model plane. A．makes B．was making C．made D．will make 57．（2024·北京丰台·二模）Tina’s car ________ last month. It works very well now. A．repairs B．repaired C．is repaired D．was repaired 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $