Unit 2 It's a nice day, isn't it（语法填空专练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级下册

Unit 2 It's a nice day, isn't it? 语法填空专练 话题：人与社会—人际交往 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One will be happy when he is flattered (奉承) to his face. It is 1 (say) that the best way of flattering is to give him a “top hat” to 2 . Jeff found a job in the capital, which was far 3 from his hometown. The day before he started, he came to say goodbye to his grandpa. “It is not easy to work in the big city, ” his grandpa said. “You must be strict 4 yourself and you should be very careful. ” “Don’t worry about me, Grandpa, ” Jeff answered. “I have 5 (get) one hundred top hats, which will make those people quite happy. ” “But we are really gentlemen! A real gentleman won’t do like that! ” His grandpa was kind of angry. “You should always remember the 6 (word) I told you! ” “You are always right, Grandpa. I also hate such things. But, Grandpa, others aren’t 7 (gentleman) like you in the world now, ” said Jeff. After 8 (hear) this, his grandpa was pleased. “What you said is true! ” “I have 9 (send) out one top hat already. Now I have 10 left, ” Jeff said to his grandma later on. 【答案】 1．said 2．wear 3．away 4．with 5．got 6．words 7．gentlemen 8．hearing 9．sent 10．ninety-nine 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jeff为了在大城市工作顺利准备奉承他人，和爷爷交流后爷爷态度转变，Jeff向奶奶说明情况的故事。 1．句意：据说奉承别人最好的方式是送他一顶“高帽子”让他戴上。根据“It is...that the best way of flattering is to give him a ‘top hat’ to...”可知，此处是固定句型“It is said that...”，表示“据说……”，所以此处应填said。故填said。 2．句意：据说奉承别人最好的方式是送他一顶“高帽子”让他戴上。根据“give him a ‘top hat’ to...”可知，此处表示送高帽子让他戴上，to后接动词原形，wear表示“戴”，符合语境。故填wear。 3．句意：Jeff在首都找到了一份工作，那离他的家乡很远。根据“far...from his hometown”可知，此处是固定短语far away from表示“离……远”，所以此处应填away。故填away。 4．句意：他爷爷说：“你一定要严格要求自己，而且你应该非常小心。”根据“be strict...yourself”可知，此处是固定短语be strict with sb.，表示“对某人严格要求”，所以此处应填with。故填with。 5．句意：Jeff回答道：“我已经准备了一百顶高帽子，这会让那些人非常高兴。”根据“I have...one hundred top hats”可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构是“have+动词的过去分词”，get的过去分词是got，表示“得到，准备”。故填got。 6．句意：你应该永远记住我告诉你的话。根据“the...I told you”可知，此处表示爷爷告诉Jeff的话，word表示“话”时常用复数形式words。故填words。 7．句意：“你是对的，爷爷。我也讨厌这样的事情。但是，爷爷，现在世界上其他人可不像您这样是绅士啊。”Jeff说道。根据“others aren’t...like you”可知，此处表示其他人不像爷爷一样是绅士，others是复数，所以此处应用gentleman的复数形式gentlemen。故填gentlemen。 8．句意：听到这个后，他的爷爷很高兴。 根据“After...this”可知，after是介词，后接动词的动名词形式，hear的动名词是hearing，表示“听见”。故填hearing。 9．句意：“我已经送出去一顶高帽子了。现在我还剩下九十九顶，”Jeff后来对他奶奶说。根据“I have...out one top hat already”可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构是“have+动词的过去分词”，send的过去分词是sent，表示“送”。故填sent。 10．句意：“我已经送出去一顶高帽子了。现在我还剩下九十九顶，”Jeff后来对他奶奶说。根据“I have...out one top hat already. Now I have...left”及前文“one hundred top hats”可知，一共有一百顶，送出去一顶，所以还剩下九十九顶，ninety-nine表示“九十九”。故填ninety-nine。 02 “Dear stranger, I’m inviting you to hear my goals I’ve never shared with anyone before. I would like to be active. I want to achieve…” This heartfelt (诚挚的) message 1 (write) on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl. The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message. 2 passenger posted it online with a reply, “How 3 (luck) we are to meet across time and space! I hope you can do well in the interview. I wish you all the best.” This communication 4 (catch) people’s attention and touched their hearts. The sanitary bag became the carrier of the college girl’s dream and hope. Under the post, people shared their views, and many college students also expressed their 5 (feel) about school interviews. Later, the college girl read the post and shared 6 she did it. She was nervous on her way to an important school interview, 7 she wrote the message to pour out her feelings. The good news is that she has been admitted (录取) to her dream school. And she thanked the stranger for his encouragement 8 (polite) and hoped other students could go to their dream schools, too. The railway staff explain that if the sanitary bags 9 messages are intact (完好无损的) and clean, they usually do not replace them. “We hope these special notes on sanitary bags can brighten 10 (passenger) journeys.” says a staff person. So what do you do with the sanitary bag when you take the high-speed train? Have you ever had any special communication with strangers? 【答案】 1．was written 2．The 3．lucky 4．caught 5．feelings 6．why 7．so 8．politely 9．with 10．passengers’ 【导语】本文讲述了一位女大学生在高速列车上的卫生袋上写下自己的心声和目标以及后续发生的故事。 1．句意：这是一位女大学生写在高铁卫生袋上的衷心留言。由“This heartfelt (诚挚的) message…on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl”可知，留言是被写下，应用被动语态，介绍过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+过去分词。故填was written。 2．句意：一名乘客在网上发布了这张照片，并回复道：“我们跨越时空相遇，真是幸运！希望你能在面试中取得好成绩。祝你一切顺利。”由“The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message”可知，这里是第二次提到乘客，应用定冠词the表特指，位于句首首字母需大写。故填The。 3．句意：一名乘客在网上发布了这张照片，并回复道：“我们跨越时空相遇，真是幸运！希望你能在面试中取得好成绩。祝你一切顺利。”由“How…we are”可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填lucky。 4．句意：这种交流引起了人们的注意，触动了他们的心。由“and touched”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填caught。 5．句意：在帖子下，人们分享了他们的观点，许多大学生也表达了他们对学校面试的感受。由“their…about school interviews”可知，此处应用名词feeling“感受”的复数形式，指大学生们的感受。故填feelings。 6．句意：后来，这位女大学生读了这篇帖子，并分享了她这么做的原因。由“She was nervous on her way to an important school interview,…she wrote the message to pour out her feelings”可知，是在解释为什么在高铁上写留言的原因，why“为什么”符合语境，在从句中作状语。故填why。 7．句意：在去参加一个重要的学校面试的路上，她很紧张，所以她写了这封信来倾诉她的感受。由“She was nervous on her way to an important school interview,…she wrote the message to pour out her feelings”可知，此处指她很紧张，所以她写了留言来倾诉她的感受，so“所以”符合语境。故填so。 8．句意：她礼貌地感谢陌生人的鼓励，并希望其他学生也能去他们梦想的学校。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词thanked。故填politely。 9．句意：铁路工作人员解释说，如果装着信息的卫生袋完好无损且干净，他们通常不会更换。由“the sanitary bags…messages”可知，此处表示带有信息的卫生袋，应用with“有”表伴随。故填with。 10．句意：“我们希望这些卫生包上的特别提示可以照亮乘客的旅程。”一位工作人员说。由“…journeys”可知，此处指乘客们的旅程，应用名词所有格，且乘客不止一个。故填passengers’。 03 In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don’t. What can you 1 when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or 2 fight with him. But it’s not a good idea. You’d 3 forget all this and forgive (原谅) him. Maybe it’s not easy 4 you to do that, but it’s possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood 5 you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact means 6 (let) others’ mistakes treat yourself unfairly. How can you forgive others? First, think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy. 7 , don’t wait for others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you, he won’t say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don’t see things the 8 way. Third, try to see things in 9 shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little 10 (happy). At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that, yours or others’? If it’s our fault, try to say sorry to them. If it isn’t, smile at the thing. 【答案】 1．do 2．even 3．better 4．for 5．and 6．letting 7．Second 8．same 9．others’ 10．happier 【导语】本文主要介绍了当别人伤害我们的时候，要学会原谅别人，并给出了四条建议。 1．句意：当有人伤害你时，你应该怎么做？根据“Most people may be angry or...fight with him. But it’s not a good idea.”可知，此处指你应该做什么，do“做”，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填do。 2．句意：大多数人可能会生气，甚至和他打架。根据“Most people may be angry”可知，此处指打架这种反应更为激烈的行为，even“甚至”，用来加强语气。故填even。 3．句意：你最好忘掉这一切并原谅他。根据“You’d...forget all this and forgive him.”可知，此处指你最好忘掉这一切并原谅他，had better“最好”，固定搭配。故填better。 4．句意：也许这对你来说并不容易，但这是可能的。根据“it’s not easy...you to do that...”可知，此处使用“it’s+adj.+for sb to do sth.”来表达“做某事对某人来说怎么样”，是固定句型。故填for。 5．句意：保持好心情，你就会保持健康。分析句子可知“Keep a good mood”是祈使句，“you will keep healthy”是一个完整的句子，符合“祈使句+and+肯定句”结构。故填and。 6．句意：对别人生气，其实就是让别人的错误不公平地对待自己。mean doing sth“意味着做某事”，固定搭配。故填letting。 7．句意：其次，不要等待别人对你说对不起。根据上句中“First”和下文“Third”可知，此处应是“第二”，second“第二”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Second。 8．句意：他可能只是想伤害你，或者只是和你看问题的方式不同。根据“He may just want to hurt you or just don’t see things the...way.”可知，此处指伤害你的人和你看问题的方式不同；再由空格前后的“the”和“way”可知，因此填“相同的”，same”相同的”。故填same。 9．句意：第三，试着站在别人的角度看问题。根据“Third, try to see things in...shoes.”可知，此处指站在别人的角度看问题；in one’s shoes“站在别人的立场，设身处地地换位思考”，固定搭配。故填others’。 10．句意：你可以更好地理解他们的想法，让自己更快乐一点。make sb+adj.“使某人怎么样”，固定搭配；a little修饰比较级。故填happier。 04 Mr. Smith worked in a company. He lived on the fourth floor of 1 apartment building. He was so 2 (polite) to his neighbors that no one even knew his first name. He never said hello to anyone. He even got upset when his neighbor, Mary and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he 3 (loud) shouted at them, “How boring it was! Your baby cried all night!” One day while he was leaving his apartment, he saw that his rubbish was 4 (go). In its place, he found a note from David. “Good morning, Mr. Smith. I passed 5 your apartment and saw your rubbish here. I 6 (pick) it up for you. Have a nice day.” Mr. Smith didn’t want to accept David’s 7 (kind). But several days later, outside his door Mr. Smith found another note that said, “We’re very sorry for being 8 (noise) last night. Our baby son was not feeling well, so he cried a lot.” That afternoon, while he was going in the 9 (direct) of the apartment, he said hello to his neighbor and thanked them for their notes. From then on, he treated everyone with friendliness, 10 (spread) joy and warmth everywhere he went. 【答案】 1．an 2．impolite 3．loudly 4．gone 5．by 6．picked 7．kindness 8．noisy 9．direction 10．spreading 【导语】本文讲述了史密斯先生和邻里相处的故事。 1．句意：他住在一栋公寓楼的四楼。此处表泛指，apartment以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。 2．句意：他对邻居非常不礼貌，甚至没有人知道他的名字。根据“no one even knew his first name”可知，他对邻居非常不礼貌，polite意为“有礼貌的”，其相反意义的词为impolite，形容词在句中作表语，故填impolite。 3．句意：他不但没有祝贺，反而大声对他们喊道：“太无聊了！你的宝宝哭了一整晚！”此处修饰动词应用副词，形容词loud的副词为loudly，意为“大声地”，故填loudly。 4．句意：一天，当他离开公寓时，他发现垃圾不见了。根据“...saw your rubbish here...”可知，是指发现垃圾不见了，gone意为“不见的”，形容词作表语，故填gone。 5．句意：我路过你的公寓，看到这里有你的垃圾。pass by意为“经过”，故填by。 6．句意：我帮你捡起来的。根据“I passed...your apartment and saw your rubbish here”可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填picked。 7．句意：史密斯先生不想接受大卫的好意。名词所有格David’s后应跟名词，形容词kind的名词为kindness，故填kindness。 8．句意：我们为昨晚的吵闹感到十分抱歉。be动词后跟形容词，名词noise的形容词为noisy，意为“吵闹的”，故填noisy。 9．句意：那天下午，当他朝公寓的方向走去时，他向邻居打了招呼，并感谢他们的留言。in the direction of意为“朝着……方向”，故填direction。 10．句意：从此，他以友善的态度对待每一个人，所到之处都传播欢乐和温暖。分析句子，此处应用现在分词作状语，故填spreading。 05 Mr. Hatch was tall and thin. He never smiled and 1 (keep) to himself. He walked to work alone and ate his meals in a corner every day. He never talked to others. But his life changed 2 the Valentine’s Day. Strangely, he got a heart-shaped box which 3 (fill) with candy from a postman, along with a note that said, “Somebody loves you.” After reading the message, he became 4 excited that he began to laugh and dance around. That message had opened his heart to the power of love. Soon he found himself being cheerful and started to help out the 5 (neighbor) in the community. Later, Mr. Hatch found out that the heart-shaped box had been sent to him by mistake. “There isn’t 6 (somebody) loved me after all”, he felt really upset. From then on, Mr. Hatch became as silent 7 before. When his neighbors knew the truth, they decided 8 (not lose) the light he shared. They surprised him with a party and a huge sign that read:“Everybody Loves Mr. Hatch.” Mr. Hatch cried when he realized somebody loved him 9 all. Then he laughed and hurried down to be with his friends 10 (happy). 【答案】 1．kept 2．on 3．was filled 4．so 5．neighbors 6．anybody 7．as 8．not to lose 9．after 10．happily 【导语】本文讲述了孤独的Hatch先生因为一次送错的盒子打开了心扉觉得有人爱他的故事。 1．句意：他从来都不笑并且独来独往。根据“He never smiled”可知本句时态是一般过去时，因此这里用keep“保持”的一般过去式。故填kept。 2．句意：但是他的生活在情人节那天改变了。根据the Valentine’s Day“情人节”，可知这里指具体的某一天应该用介词on。故填on。 3．句意：他从邮差那里收到一个心形的装满糖果的盒子。根据“which...with candy”这里which代指盒子作主语，因此盒子是被装满，被动语态的结构为be+done，因为主句“he got a heart-shaped box”是一般过去时且是单数，所以这里be动词填was。故填was filled。 4．句意：看完这条消息，他变得如此兴奋以至于开始大笑，四处跳舞。so...that...如此……以至于……，根据“he became...excited that he began to laugh and dance around”可知这里指他是因为这条消息而变得大笑，四处跳舞，句子中有that，因此这里填so符合句意。故填so。 5．句意：不久，他发现他自己变得振奋，并且开始帮助社区里的邻居们。neighbor“邻居”，这里指社区的邻居，用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。 6．句意：终究没有人爱我。somebody“某人”，根据“Later, Mr. Hatch found out that the heart-shaped box had been sent to him by mistake.”可知这里Hatch发现盒子是别人送错的，他又开始难过，觉得没有人爱他，这里是否定句，用anybody符合句意。故填anybody。 7．句意：从那开始，Hatch先生变得跟之前一样沉默了。根据“he felt really upset”和“Mr. Hatch became as silent...before”可知这里Hatch先生很沮丧，又变得跟以前一样沉默了，as...as...像……一样。故填as。 8．句意：当他的邻居们知道真相时，他们决定不放弃他分享的光。根据“They surprised him with a party and a huge sign that read:“Everybody Loves Mr. Hatch.””可知这里指他的邻居们不想放弃Hatch先生的善良，decide to do sth.决定做某事。故填not to lose。 9．句意：当他知道最终有人爱着他时，Hatch先生哭了。根据“They surprised him with a party and a huge sign that read:“Everybody Loves Mr. Hatch.””可知通过邻居们举办的派对，Hatch先生意识到还是有人爱他的，after all“毕竟，终究”。故填after。 10．句意：然后他笑了，并且开心地赶去和他的朋友们一起。根据“Then he laughed and hurried down to be with his friends...”可知，在感受到有人爱他后，Hatch先生很开心地和他的朋友们一起。happy“开心的”这里用副词修饰动词。故填happily。 06 Do you ever take friendship for granted(理所当然)? While 1 (grow) up, I was very shy and didn't have any friends. In primary school, I transitioned(转学) from 2 small private school to a much larger public school. I was now outnumbered in a sea of 3 (stranger). This experience was such a big challenge for me. I was basically a loner at school 4 I had several friends at church. Actually, I almost spent my pre-teen years   5 my own. After leaving the primary school, I moved away 6 (attend) a junior high school. For the first time I started to come out of my shell(贝壳). I 7 (change) a lot since I came to the junior high school. Now I get on 8 (good) with my classmates. I feel included and even wanted by those around 9 (I). Over the years. I’ve come to really treasure this season because of all the kind people. I remember 10 lucky I am by the friends in my life. They are certainly not something to take for granted. They are a gift. 【答案】 1．growing 2．a 3．strangers 4．but 5．on 6．to attend 7．have changed 8．well 9．me 10．how 【分析】文中讲了作者小学时因转学而感到孤独，没有什么朋友，上初中之后情况开始转变，作者开始珍惜身边的人，觉得友谊不是理所当然的，生命中的朋友都是一份礼物。 1．句意：当正在成长的时候，我非常害羞且没有什么朋友。 根据空前“While”可知此处表示某件事正在进行的时候另一件事发生了，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。空前为避免重复省去“I was”，设空处用现在分词growing。故答案为growing。 2．句意：在小学，我从小私立学校转学到了一个更大的公办学校。 根据题干可知此处泛指一所小私立学校，small以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故答案为a。 3．句意：我现在在陌生人海中人数不多。 空前“a sea of”意为“大量”，其后接可数名词复数。故答案为strangers。 4．句意：我在学校基本上是个孤独的人，但我在教会有一些朋友。 根据句意“我在学校基本上是个孤独的人，____我在教会有一些朋友。”可知设空处前后是转折关系，用连词but符合题意。故答案为but。 5．句意：事实上，我几乎独自一人度过了我的青少年时期。 结合上文“I was basically a loner at school”可知是独自一人度过，用on my own表示“独自一人”。故答案为on。 6．句意：离开小学之后，我为上一所初中搬走了。 根据题干可知搬走是为了上初中，要用动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为to attend。 7．句意：自从来到这所初中，我已经改变了很多。 since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时，其结构为“have done”；change的过去分词是changed。故答案为have changed。 8．句意：现在我和我的同学们相处很好。 根据题干可知此处要用副词修饰get on，good的副词形式是well。故答案为well。 9．句意：通过我周围那些人，我感觉自己被接纳、甚至被需要了。 around是介词，其后接人称代词宾格。I的宾格形式是me。故答案为me。 10．句意：通过我生命中的朋友们，我记住了自己有多幸运。 根据题干中“ lucky I am”可知此处用感叹句作宾语从句，感叹句的中心词是lucky，用感叹词how符合题意。故答案为how。 07 Have you ever shared a room with someone, perhaps a brother, sister, or roommate? How did you get along with the other person? Did you always have arguments 1 did you work out a way to share the space without arguments? Astronauts say that one of the most difficult 2 （part） of space exploration（探测） is sharing a tiny area with other people for a long time. Spaceships 3 （design） to make the best use of every bit of room. There is no more area that you can escape to have 4 quiet time all alone. Nor can you decide to get away and go for a walk. It’s even 5 （difficult） when you share the small area with astronauts from other cultures. These astronauts are usually the people 6 may have different lifestyles and customs. 7 do astronauts manage to have good relationships with their partners? First, astronauts are 8 （careful） chosen for their experience, physical fitness, and ability to get along with other people. They decide to finish the task successfully, even that means giving up some 9 （person） needs for the time being. Each member of the space team does research, so that takes up a lot of time. Then there are “spacing” skills such as listening 10 music on headphones or writing that can be done alone. Perhaps some of these will help you with your roommate. 【答案】 1．or 2．parts 3．are designed 4．your 5．more difficult 6．who 7．How 8．carefully 9．personal 10．to 【分析】短文主要探讨的是与他人同住相处有争执时，有没有一种没有争执的分享空间的方法。 1．句意：你们总是有争执吗？或者你有没有想出一种没有争执的分享空间的方法？ 观察句子，这是两个完整的句子，那么应该需要一个连词，来连接两个句子。这里应该是并列句，又注意到这里是问句，所以“or或者”符合句意和语法，故答案填or。 2．句意：宇航员们说，太空探索最困难的部分之一是与其他人长期共享一个很小的区域。 观察句子，这是一个最高级句型“one of the + adj.最高级 + 名词复数”，part部分，故答案填parts。 3．句意：宇宙飞船的设计是为了最大限度地利用每一点空间。 观察句子，这里缺少的是谓语部分，design v. 设计，结合句意，这里应该“宇宙飞船”与“设计”应该是被动关系，那么应该用被动语态，故答案填are designed。 4．句意：没有更多的地方可以让你独自享受安静的时光。 观察句子，这里考查的是代词，我们要注意到从句中主语是“you”，那么这里对应的是“your”。故答案填your。 5．句意：当你与来自其他文化的宇航员共用一小块区域时，这就更难了。 观察句子，这里考查的是比较级，结合语境和“even”可以修饰形容词比较级，difficult adj.困难的，其比较级是more difficult，故答案填more difficult。 6．句意：这些宇航员通常是生活方式和风俗习惯不同的人。 观察句子，这里考查的定语从句的引导词，该句子是一个定语从句，先行词是“the people”，并且在从句中作主语，故答案填who。 7．句意：宇航员如何设法与他们的伴侣保持良好的关系？ 观察句子，这是一个特殊疑问句，根据后文给出了一些建议，那么这里应该是说怎样保持良好的关系，故答案填How。 8．句意：首先，宇航员是根据他们的经验、身体素质和与他人相处的能力而精心挑选的。 观察句子，注意到这里是修饰动词“chosen”，那么应该用副词来修饰，故答案填carefully。 9．句意：他们决定成功地完成任务，即使这意味着暂时放弃一些个人需求。 观察句子，注意到这里名词“need 需求”，再结合提示词“person n.人”，结合句意，应该是表示“个人需求”，那么应该是personal adj.个人的，故答案填personal。 10．句意：还有一些“间隔”技能，比如戴着耳机听音乐或写作，这些都是可以单独完成的。 观察句子，这里考查的是固定搭配，“listen to听”，符合句意和语法，故答案填to。 培优篇 08 As we go through life, sometimes bad things happen to us. But with the help of others, we can solve these 1 （difficult）. A few of my friends shared some of their memories about this kind of kindness 2 me. Linda: Once, when I was on my way back to my home town, I lost my wallet. I heard over the 3 （train）loudspeaker that my wallet was at the railway station’s Lost & Found Office, 4 the train had already left the station. After 5 （see）my helplessness, a railway worker lent me some money. I went back to the railway station and got my wallet back. I am thankful to the worker and the person who found my wallet. Scott: When I was a little boy, I once went fishing with my 6 （old）brother. Suddenly, I fell in the river. 7 （luck）, someone pulled me out. I don’t know the name of the person who saved my life. But since then, I 8 （try）to help others whenever I can. Tina: One of my neighbors is an old man. He makes money by recycling waste. Every time I clean up my house, I put all the recyclable things in his garden. One day, I found 9 note outside my door: “You are a nice girl. Thanks a lot!” Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a 10 （ help）hand. 【答案】 1．difficulties 2．with 3．train’s 4．but 5．seeing 6．elder 7．Luckily 8．have tried 9．a 10．helping 【分析】本文是三个人讲述了自己在困难的时候，遇到好心人伸出了援助之手，从他们的经历，作者想告诉我们大部分人都是热心的，都想伸出援助之手。 1．句意：但是在别人的帮助下，我们可以解决这些困难。these修饰名词的复数形式，difficult是形容词，其对应的名词是difficulty，复数形式是difficulties，故填difficulties。 2．句意：我的一些朋友和我分享了他们关于这种善良的回忆。share sth with sb“与某人分享某物”，故填with。 3．句意：我从火车的扩音器里听到我的钱包在火车站的失物招领处，但是火车已经离开车站了。此空修饰名词loudspeaker，要用名词所有格形式，用train’s loudspeaker表示“火车的喇叭”，故填train’s。 4．句意：我从火车的扩音器里听到我的钱包在火车站的失物招领处，但是火车已经离开车站了。空格前后文表转折，虽然知道自己的钱包在火车站的失物招领处，但火车已经离开了，故填but。 5．句意：看到我的无奈，一个铁路工人借给我一些钱。after在这里是介词，后接动名词，故填seeing。 6．句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，有一次我和我的哥哥去钓鱼。根据“brother”及提示词可知，此处用elder表示“年龄较大的”，故填elder。 7．句意：幸运的是，有人把我拉了出来。此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号，应填入一个副词修饰整个句子，根据“someone pulled me out”可知，掉进河里有人救了他，这是一件幸运的事，故填Luckily。 8．句意：但从那时起，只要我可以，我就一直努力帮助别人。根据“since then,”可知，句子用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语I是第一人称，助动词用have，故填have tried。 9．句意：一天，我在门外发现一张纸条。此处表示“一张纸条”，表泛指，且note是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 10．句意：大多数人都是善良的，想伸出援助之手。根据“hand”以及提示词可知，此处用helping hand表示“援助之手”，故填helping。 09 In 2015, some American sociologists (社会学家) reported that empathy, the ability 1 (understand) other people and share other’s feelings among college students had fallen down 2 (quick) over the past 10 years. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the sociologists said. Today, people spend 3 (much) time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs. Annie Moore is in charge of a teen program. She 4 (explain) differently. Turn on the TV, and we watch news and see reality shows full of people fighting, competing and treating one another with no respect. Humans learn by example - and some examples are not empathetic (有同理心的) at all. There are good reasons not to follow 5 (that) bad examples. Humans are born with social relations. And empathy plays a key role in these relationships. The sociologists have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can help us stay away from 6 (sad) and fear. Empathy is also an ability for a good leader. In fact, Annie says, many top 7 (company) think that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. Good social skills, including empathy are a king of “emotional (情感的) intelligence” and it 8 (help) you succeed in many areas of life. “Academics (学术知识) are important. But if you don’t have emotional intelligence, you won’t be as 9 (success) in work or life,” she says. What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商)? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. “One doesn’t have empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Annie says. To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time 10 (take) care of pets at an animal shelter. 【答案】 1．to understand 2．quickly 3．more 4．explains 5．those 6．sadness 7．companies 8．will help 9．successful 10．taking 【导语】本文介绍社会学家发现如今人们相互理解的现象正在减少，就此负责一个青少年项目的Annie分析其原因，并且作者就如何培养同理心提出了几点建议。 1．句意：2015年，一些美国社会学家报告称，移情能力，即理解他人和分享他人感受的能力，在过去10年里在大学生中迅速下降。the ability to do sth“做某事的能力”，使用动词不定式作定语，故填to understand。 2．句意：2015年，一些美国社会学家报告称，移情能力，即理解他人和分享他人感受的能力，在过去10年里在大学生中迅速下降。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填quickly。 3．句意：今天，人们花更多的时间独处，不太可能参加团体和俱乐部。此处暗含与过去的比较，用形容词比较级，故填more。 4．句意：她解释说不同。时态是一般现在时，主语是She，动词用三单。故填explains。 5．句意：我们有充分的理由不去追随那些坏榜样。此处修饰可数名词复数examples，用that的复数，故填those。 6．句意：此外，同理心可以帮助我们远离悲伤和恐惧。此处作宾语，与名词fear并列，所以用名词形式，故填sadness。 7．句意：安妮说，事实上，许多顶级公司认为，换位思考是他们在新经理身上寻找的最重要的东西之一。many修饰可数名词复数，故填companies。 8．句意：良好的社交技能，包括同理心，是“情商”之王，它将帮助你在生活的许多领域取得成功。根据“and it...you succeed in many areas of life”可知，是在未来的日子里帮助你，用一般将来时will do，故填will help。 9．句意：“但如果你没有情商，你就不会在工作或生活中取得成功，”她说。此处在句中作表语，用形容词形式，故填successful。 10．句意：要真正培养同理心，你最好去养老院或医院做志愿者，加入一个俱乐部或一个成员多元化的团队，与家人建立一个“分享圈”，或花时间在动物收容所照顾宠物。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，故填taking。 10 What keeps us healthy and happy as we go through life? What if we could study people from the time that they were teenagers all the way into old age 1 (find) the answer? We did that. The Harvard Study of Adult Development may be the longest study of adult life that has ever been done. Since 1938, we 2 (follow) the lives of 724 men, year after year, asking about their work, their home lives, their health, and of course asking all along the way without knowing how their life stories were going to turn out. 3 good luck and the hard work of several generations of researchers, this study has survived. About 60 of our original 724 men are still alive, still taking part in the study. So what have we learned? Well, the lessons aren’t about wealth or fame or working harder and harder. The 4 (clear) message that we get from this 75-year study is this: Good relationships keep us happier and healthier. We’ve learned three big lessons about relationships. First, social 5 (connect) are really good us, and that loneliness kills. It turns out that people who are more socially connected to others are happier, 6 (physical) healthier, and live longer than people who are less well connected. Second, it’s not just 7 number of friends you have, but it’s the quality of your close relationships matters. Living in the midst of conflict（冲突）is really bad for our health 8 living in the midst of good, warm relationships is protective. Third, good relationships don’t just protect our bodies, they protect our brains. I’d like to close with a quote（原话）from Mark Twain. More than a century ago, he was looking back on 9 (he) life, and he wrote this: “There isn’t time, so brief is life, for bickering（争吵）, apologies, heartburnings（嫉妒）, callings to account. There is only time for loving, and but an instant, so to speak, for that.” Remember, the good life 10 (build) with good relationships. 【答案】 1．to find 2．have followed 3．With 4．clearest 5．connections 6．physically 7．the 8．while 9．his 10．is built 【导语】本文主要介绍了人际关系的重要性。 1．句意：如果我们可以研究从青少年时期一直到老年的人来找到答案会怎么样呢？根据“What if we could study people from the time that they were teenagers all the way into old age… the answer”可知，研究的目的是为了找答案，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to find。 2．句意：自1938年以来，我们追踪了724个人的生活。根据“Since 1938”可知，此句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语we是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have followed。 3．句意：幸运的是，在几代研究人员的努力下，这项研究得以保存下来。根据“good luck and the hard work of several generations of researchers”可知，此处表示伴随，应填介词with，故填With。 4．句意：从这项历时75年的研究中，我们得到的最明确的信息是：良好的人际关系让我们更快乐、更健康。根据“we get from this 75-year study”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，故填clearest。 5．句意：首先，社会关系对我们来说真的很好，而孤独是致命的。此空缺少主语，connect对应的名词是connection“联系，关系”，根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填connections。 6．句意：事实证明，与他人有更多社交联系的人比那些联系较少的人更快乐，身体更健康，寿命更长。修饰形容词healthier，应用副词，故填physically。 7．句意：其次，重要的不仅仅是你有多少朋友，而是你亲密关系的质量。the number of“……的数量”，固定搭配，故填the。 8．句意：生活在冲突中对我们的健康是有害的，而生活在良好、温暖的关系中是保护我们的。“Living in the midst of conflict（冲突）is really bad for our health ”与“living in the midst of good, warm relationships is protective”是对比转折关系，应填while表示“然而”，故填while。 9．句意：一个多世纪前，他回顾自己的一生，写下了这段文字。此空修饰名词life，应填形容词性物主代词，故填his。 10．句意：记住，美好的生活是建立在良好的人际关系之上的。主语good life与动词build之间是被动关系，且此句是一般现在时，应用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语是单数，助动词用is，故填is built。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 It's a nice day, isn't it? 语法填空专练 话题：人与社会—人际交往 基础篇 01 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 One will be happy when he is flattered (奉承) to his face. It is 1 (say) that the best way of flattering is to give him a “top hat” to 2 . Jeff found a job in the capital, which was far 3 from his hometown. The day before he started, he came to say goodbye to his grandpa. “It is not easy to work in the big city, ” his grandpa said. “You must be strict 4 yourself and you should be very careful. ” “Don’t worry about me, Grandpa, ” Jeff answered. “I have 5 (get) one hundred top hats, which will make those people quite happy. ” “But we are really gentlemen! A real gentleman won’t do like that! ” His grandpa was kind of angry. “You should always remember the 6 (word) I told you! ” “You are always right, Grandpa. I also hate such things. But, Grandpa, others aren’t 7 (gentleman) like you in the world now, ” said Jeff. After 8 (hear) this, his grandpa was pleased. “What you said is true! ” “I have 9 (send) out one top hat already. Now I have 10 left, ” Jeff said to his grandma later on. 02 “Dear stranger, I’m inviting you to hear my goals I’ve never shared with anyone before. I would like to be active. I want to achieve…” This heartfelt (诚挚的) message 1 (write) on a sanitary bag of a high-speed train by a college girl. The next day, a passenger in the same seat discovered the message. 2 passenger posted it online with a reply, “How 3 (luck) we are to meet across time and space! I hope you can do well in the interview. I wish you all the best.” This communication 4 (catch) people’s attention and touched their hearts. The sanitary bag became the carrier of the college girl’s dream and hope. Under the post, people shared their views, and many college students also expressed their 5 (feel) about school interviews. Later, the college girl read the post and shared 6 she did it. She was nervous on her way to an important school interview, 7 she wrote the message to pour out her feelings. The good news is that she has been admitted (录取) to her dream school. And she thanked the stranger for his encouragement 8 (polite) and hoped other students could go to their dream schools, too. The railway staff explain that if the sanitary bags 9 messages are intact (完好无损的) and clean, they usually do not replace them. “We hope these special notes on sanitary bags can brighten 10 (passenger) journeys.” says a staff person. So what do you do with the sanitary bag when you take the high-speed train? Have you ever had any special communication with strangers? 03 In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don’t. What can you 1 when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or 2 fight with him. But it’s not a good idea. You’d 3 forget all this and forgive (原谅) him. Maybe it’s not easy 4 you to do that, but it’s possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood 5 you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact means 6 (let) others’ mistakes treat yourself unfairly. How can you forgive others? First, think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy. 7 , don’t wait for others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you, he won’t say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don’t see things the 8 way. Third, try to see things in 9 shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little 10 (happy). At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that, yours or others’? If it’s our fault, try to say sorry to them. If it isn’t, smile at the thing. 04 Mr. Smith worked in a company. He lived on the fourth floor of 1 apartment building. He was so 2 (polite) to his neighbors that no one even knew his first name. He never said hello to anyone. He even got upset when his neighbor, Mary and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he 3 (loud) shouted at them, “How boring it was! Your baby cried all night!” One day while he was leaving his apartment, he saw that his rubbish was 4 (go). In its place, he found a note from David. “Good morning, Mr. Smith. I passed 5 your apartment and saw your rubbish here. I 6 (pick) it up for you. Have a nice day.” Mr. Smith didn’t want to accept David’s 7 (kind). But several days later, outside his door Mr. Smith found another note that said, “We’re very sorry for being 8 (noise) last night. Our baby son was not feeling well, so he cried a lot.” That afternoon, while he was going in the 9 (direct) of the apartment, he said hello to his neighbor and thanked them for their notes. From then on, he treated everyone with friendliness, 10 (spread) joy and warmth everywhere he went. 05 Mr. Hatch was tall and thin. He never smiled and 1 (keep) to himself. He walked to work alone and ate his meals in a corner every day. He never talked to others. But his life changed 2 the Valentine’s Day. Strangely, he got a heart-shaped box which 3 (fill) with candy from a postman, along with a note that said, “Somebody loves you.” After reading the message, he became 4 excited that he began to laugh and dance around. That message had opened his heart to the power of love. Soon he found himself being cheerful and started to help out the 5 (neighbor) in the community. Later, Mr. Hatch found out that the heart-shaped box had been sent to him by mistake. “There isn’t 6 (somebody) loved me after all”, he felt really upset. From then on, Mr. Hatch became as silent 7 before. When his neighbors knew the truth, they decided 8 (not lose) the light he shared. They surprised him with a party and a huge sign that read:“Everybody Loves Mr. Hatch.” Mr. Hatch cried when he realized somebody loved him 9 all. Then he laughed and hurried down to be with his friends 10 (happy). 06 Do you ever take friendship for granted(理所当然)? While 1 (grow) up, I was very shy and didn't have any friends. In primary school, I transitioned(转学) from 2 small private school to a much larger public school. I was now outnumbered in a sea of 3 (stranger). This experience was such a big challenge for me. I was basically a loner at school 4 I had several friends at church. Actually, I almost spent my pre-teen years   5 my own. After leaving the primary school, I moved away 6 (attend) a junior high school. For the first time I started to come out of my shell(贝壳). I 7 (change) a lot since I came to the junior high school. Now I get on 8 (good) with my classmates. I feel included and even wanted by those around 9 (I). Over the years. I’ve come to really treasure this season because of all the kind people. I remember 10 lucky I am by the friends in my life. They are certainly not something to take for granted. They are a gift. 07 Have you ever shared a room with someone, perhaps a brother, sister, or roommate? How did you get along with the other person? Did you always have arguments 1 did you work out a way to share the space without arguments? Astronauts say that one of the most difficult 2 （part） of space exploration（探测） is sharing a tiny area with other people for a long time. Spaceships 3 （design） to make the best use of every bit of room. There is no more area that you can escape to have 4 quiet time all alone. Nor can you decide to get away and go for a walk. It’s even 5 （difficult） when you share the small area with astronauts from other cultures. These astronauts are usually the people 6 may have different lifestyles and customs. 7 do astronauts manage to have good relationships with their partners? First, astronauts are 8 （careful） chosen for their experience, physical fitness, and ability to get along with other people. They decide to finish the task successfully, even that means giving up some 9 （person） needs for the time being. Each member of the space team does research, so that takes up a lot of time. Then there are “spacing” skills such as listening 10 music on headphones or writing that can be done alone. Perhaps some of these will help you with your roommate. 培优篇 08 As we go through life, sometimes bad things happen to us. But with the help of others, we can solve these 1 （difficult）. A few of my friends shared some of their memories about this kind of kindness 2 me. Linda: Once, when I was on my way back to my home town, I lost my wallet. I heard over the 3 （train）loudspeaker that my wallet was at the railway station’s Lost & Found Office, 4 the train had already left the station. After 5 （see）my helplessness, a railway worker lent me some money. I went back to the railway station and got my wallet back. I am thankful to the worker and the person who found my wallet. Scott: When I was a little boy, I once went fishing with my 6 （old）brother. Suddenly, I fell in the river. 7 （luck）, someone pulled me out. I don’t know the name of the person who saved my life. But since then, I 8 （try）to help others whenever I can. Tina: One of my neighbors is an old man. He makes money by recycling waste. Every time I clean up my house, I put all the recyclable things in his garden. One day, I found 9 note outside my door: “You are a nice girl. Thanks a lot!” Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a 10 （ help）hand. 09 In 2015, some American sociologists (社会学家) reported that empathy, the ability 1 (understand) other people and share other’s feelings among college students had fallen down 2 (quick) over the past 10 years. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the sociologists said. Today, people spend 3 (much) time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs. Annie Moore is in charge of a teen program. She 4 (explain) differently. Turn on the TV, and we watch news and see reality shows full of people fighting, competing and treating one another with no respect. Humans learn by example - and some examples are not empathetic (有同理心的) at all. There are good reasons not to follow 5 (that) bad examples. Humans are born with social relations. And empathy plays a key role in these relationships. The sociologists have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can help us stay away from 6 (sad) and fear. Empathy is also an ability for a good leader. In fact, Annie says, many top 7 (company) think that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. Good social skills, including empathy are a king of “emotional (情感的) intelligence” and it 8 (help) you succeed in many areas of life. “Academics (学术知识) are important. But if you don’t have emotional intelligence, you won’t be as 9 (success) in work or life,” she says. What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商)? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. “One doesn’t have empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Annie says. To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time 10 (take) care of pets at an animal shelter. 10 What keeps us healthy and happy as we go through life? What if we could study people from the time that they were teenagers all the way into old age 1 (find) the answer? We did that. The Harvard Study of Adult Development may be the longest study of adult life that has ever been done. Since 1938, we 2 (follow) the lives of 724 men, year after year, asking about their work, their home lives, their health, and of course asking all along the way without knowing how their life stories were going to turn out. 3 good luck and the hard work of several generations of researchers, this study has survived. About 60 of our original 724 men are still alive, still taking part in the study. So what have we learned? Well, the lessons aren’t about wealth or fame or working harder and harder. The 4 (clear) message that we get from this 75-year study is this: Good relationships keep us happier and healthier. We’ve learned three big lessons about relationships. First, social 5 (connect) are really good us, and that loneliness kills. It turns out that people who are more socially connected to others are happier, 6 (physical) healthier, and live longer than people who are less well connected. Second, it’s not just 7 number of friends you have, but it’s the quality of your close relationships matters. Living in the midst of conflict（冲突）is really bad for our health 8 living in the midst of good, warm relationships is protective. Third, good relationships don’t just protect our bodies, they protect our brains. I’d like to close with a quote（原话）from Mark Twain. More than a century ago, he was looking back on 9 (he) life, and he wrote this: “There isn’t time, so brief is life, for bickering（争吵）, apologies, heartburnings（嫉妒）, callings to account. There is only time for loving, and but an instant, so to speak, for that.” Remember, the good life 10 (build) with good relationships. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $