Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 节日与庆祝（话题阅读精练）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations节日与庆祝 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与社会”之“节日与庆祝” 主题词汇积累 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. festival 节日 3. celebration 庆祝；庆典 4. holiday 假日；节日 5. tradition 传统 6. traditional 传统的 7. culture 文化 8. cultural 文化的 9. custom 习俗 10. event 活动；大事 11. ceremony 仪式；典礼 12. mean 意味着 13. meaning 意义 14. celebrate 庆祝 15. remember 纪念 16. honor 向…… 表示敬意 17. respect 尊重 18. grateful /gratitude 感激；感恩 19. unity 团结 20. togetherness 团聚；亲密 21. share 分享 22. relax 放松 23. joy 快乐；喜悦 24. gather 聚集 25. gather together 聚在一起 26. reunite 团聚 27. meet up 见面 28. have a big meal 吃大餐 29. feast 盛宴；聚餐 30. dress up 盛装打扮 31. decorate 装饰 32. set off fireworks 放烟花 33. hold a party 举办派对 34. exchange gifts 交换礼物 35. send wishes 送祝福 36. family 家人；家庭 37. relative 亲戚 38. community 社区；群体 39. nation 国家；民族 40. local 当地的 41. warm 温暖的 42. meaningful 有意义的 43. lively 热闹的；生机勃勃的 44. exciting 令人兴奋的 45. represent 代表 46. symbolize 象征 47. express 表达 48. pass down 传承 49. heritage 遗产；传统 50. identity 身份；特性 51. generation 一代 52. nowadays 如今 53. modern 现代的 54. change with the times 与时俱进 55. keep...alive 使…… 保留 / 传承下去 时文拓展阅读 The True Meaning of Festivals and Celebrations Festivals and celebrations are the most vivid parts of human culture. They are more than just cheerful events or days off; they carry the history, values and collective memories of a nation or a group of people. Every traditional festival has its unique origin and meaning, connecting people to their roots and teaching them to cherish love, family and gratitude. In modern society, festivals still play an irreplaceable role. They offer people a chance to slow down from their busy lives and reunite with family members. During important festivals, people travel long distances to go back home, enjoy dinners together and share stories of their daily lives. Such moments strengthen emotional bonds and create warm memories that last a lifetime. Nowadays, many festivals are being developed in new ways. Young people combine traditional customs with modern lifestyles, making old festivals more colorful and attractive. However, the core spirit of festivals never changes. Whether they are national festivals, religious celebrations or local folk events, they all remind us of the importance of togetherness, hope and respect for culture. In fact, festivals are not only about joy and relaxation. They are a bridge between the past and the present, helping us pass down valuable traditions from one generation to another. Celebrating festivals is a way to understand culture, feel warmth and enjoy the beauty of life. 【译文欣赏】 节日与庆典是人类文化中最为鲜活的部分。它们远不止是欢乐的活动或是休息日，更承载着一个民族或群体的历史、价值观与集体记忆。每一个传统节日都拥有独特的起源与内涵，将人们与自己的根脉相连，教会人们珍惜亲情、心怀感恩。 在现代社会，节日依然发挥着不可替代的作用。它们让人们从忙碌的生活中放慢脚步，与家人重聚团圆。每逢重要节日，人们不远千里奔赴家乡，共享家宴，诉说日常。这样的时刻加固了情感纽带，创造出留存一生的温暖回忆。 如今，许多节日正以全新的方式发展。年轻人将传统习俗与现代生活方式相融，让古老的节日变得更加多彩动人。然而，节日的核心精神从未改变。无论是国家庆典、宗教节日还是地方民俗活动，它们都在提醒我们：团圆、希望与文化敬畏至关重要。 事实上，节日的意义不仅在于欢乐与休憩。它们是连接过去与现在的桥梁，帮助我们将珍贵的传统代代传承。庆祝节日，是读懂文化、感受温情、品味生活美好的一种方式。 【词汇积累】 1. 2. vivid adj. 生动的，鲜活的 3. cheerful adj. 欢快的，高兴的 4. collective memory 集体记忆 5. origin n. 起源，由来 6. cherish v. 珍惜，珍视 7. gratitude n. 感激，感恩 8. irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的 9. reunite v. 团聚，重聚 10. emotional bond 情感纽带 11. custom n. 习俗，风俗 12. togetherness n. 团聚，亲密无间 13. generation n. 一代，一代人 高考真题链接 （2024·全国甲卷·高考真题）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 21．What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B．It offers art courses for all ages. C．It presents recreational activities. D．It is a major tourist attraction. 22．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures? A．Light Awash in Watercolor. B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C．Wheel Throwing. D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 23．What can you do together with Javier Marin? A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts. C．Visit a local museum. D．Feed invertebrates. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。故选A项。 23．细节理解题。根据文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。故选B项。 句 1 Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. 主句：Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration 定语：of the Harvard community's artistic creativity（介词短语作后置定语） 翻译 每一届 “艺术首秀” 艺术节都是哈佛社群艺术创造力的一场独特年度庆典。 句 2 We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. 主句：We look forward to welcoming you 时间状语从句：as we showcase… 方式状语：through…（三个并列名词） 翻译 我们期待你的到来，通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动展示哈佛艺术社群的创造力。 句 3 Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. 祈使句：Try your hand at some of the painting tricks 过去分词作定语：used by artists 定语从句：whose works will be in…（修饰 artists） 翻译 尝试掌握一些画家常用的绘画技巧，这些画家的作品将出现在即将举办的《美国水彩画 1880–1990：步入光影》展览中。 1. unique 独特的 2. annual 一年一度的 3. celebration 庆典 4. community 社区；群体 5. artistic creativity 艺术创造力 6. showcase 展示 7. performance 表演 8. exhibition 展览 9. art-making activities 艺术创作活动 10. upcoming 即将到来的 11. delicate 精致的 12. inspire 启发；赋予灵感 13. craft 手工艺 14. ceramics 陶艺 15. potter 陶工 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 介绍春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节的习俗、食物与文化意义。 Passage2 阅读理解 介绍英国威尔士的户外体验节，倡导真实体验、动手参与、远离数字生活。 Passage3 阅读理解 外国夫妇初到美国，通过体验感恩节改变对当地文化与人群的印象。 Passage4 阅读理解 追溯吹生日蜡烛传统的起源与发展，从古希腊到现代全球流行。 Passage5 七选五 介绍中国长寿面、美国企业庆生、南欧命名日、开斋节、墨西哥彩罐游戏。 Passage6 七选五 介绍英国丰收节的时间、历史演变、传统习俗与现代庆祝方式。 Passage7 语法填空 介绍春节时间、习俗、食物（饺子、年糕）及节日意义。 Passage8 语法填空 讲述母亲节的由来、两位创始人及成为官方节日的过程。 Passage9 语法填空 介绍秘鲁太阳节（Inti Raymi）的历史、仪式与文化价值。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·安徽六安·期末）As an ancient country, China has various festivals. The Spring Festival In the evening before the Spring Festival, families get together and have a big meal. Children also get lucky money from parents. The Lantern Festival During this festival, there is special food called “tang yuan”, which is said to represent both the first full moon and family unity and completeness. Part of the Lantern Festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns. Stilt walking, drumming and the dragon and lion dance are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival. The Duanwu Festival Also called the Dragon Boat Festival, it is to celebrate the patriotic (爱国的) poet Qu Yuan, a loyal and highly respected minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified (诽谤) . The Double Seventh Festival On the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, there is a traditional festival full of romance. Recently the youth have celebrated it as Valentine’s Day in China. The Mid-Autumn Festival It is a conventional festival for both the Han and minority nationalities in China. The custom of enjoying the moon can be traced back to the ancient Xia and Shang dynasties. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also a holiday for members of a family to get together. The Double Ninth Festival On the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, people celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. People usually climb mountains and eat double-ninth cakes, which means our life will become better and better. 1．What does “tang yuan” represent according to the passage? A．The end of the Spring Festival B．The first full moon and family unity C．Good luck for children D．Patriotism and loyalty 2．Which festival is celebrated as Valentine’s Day by Chinese youth recently? A．The Lantern Festival B．The Double Ninth Festival C．The Mid-Autumn Festival D．The Double Seventh Festival 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To compare different Chinese festivals B．To introduce the history of Chinese festivals C．To show the customs and meanings of Chinese festivals D．To explain how Chinese festivals are celebrated today 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了中国春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节等传统节日，讲述了各节日的习俗、美食、文化内涵与相关意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“During this festival, there is special food called “tang yuan”, which is said to represent both the first full moon and family unity and completeness.(在这个节日里，有一种特别的食物叫做“汤圆”，据说它既象征着初月的圆满，也代表着家庭的和睦与团圆)”可知，“汤圆”代表第一次满月和家庭团聚。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“On the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, there is a traditional festival full of romance. Recently the youth have celebrated it as Valentine’s Day in China.(在农历七月初七这一天，有一个充满浪漫色彩的传统节日。近年来，中国年轻人将这一天视为情人节来庆祝)”可知，最近中国年轻人把七夕节当作情人节来庆祝。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“As an ancient country, China has various festivals.(作为一个历史悠久的国家，中国有着众多的节日)”以及本文介绍了中国春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节等传统节日，讲述了各节日的习俗、美食、文化内涵与相关意义。可知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示中国节日的习俗及寓意。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期末）Founded by singer, author and broadcaster Cerys Matthews, the Good Life Experience is all about connecting guests with things that really matter, through music, food, literature, ideas, workshops and the great outdoors. It’s a festival that feels both timely and necessary. In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine: the chance to light a campfire, learn a craft from an expert, share stories face-to-face, or simply enjoy a moment of collective silence under the stars. The event, held on a beautiful country estate in Wales, is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption. Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated (筹办) mix of the hands-on and the inspirational. You might find yourself learning to forge a knife one hour, and listening to a celebrated author read by the river the next. There are workshops in leatherworking and woodcraft, opportunities to try wild swimming, and countless campfires around which strangers become friends through conversation. The food stalls prioritize local and seasonal produce, and the music stages feature everything from folk to soul, often inviting audience participation. “We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other,” says Matthews. “It’s about the joy of making something, the satisfaction of learning a skill your ancestors might have known, and the deep connections that form when you share that experience. ” The festival challenges the modern idea of entertainment as a passive activity. It’s a cure for the speed and isolation of contemporary life, promoting slowness, skill-sharing, and community. It’s an example of a richer, more connected way of living. 1．Why did the author describe the festival as timely and necessary? A．Because it promotes Welsh tourism. B．Because it was founded by a famous singer. C．Because it promotes hands-on activities. D．Because it resists artificial online lives. 2．What is the core value of the Good Life Experience? A．Passive enjoyment of wonderful scenery. B．Consumption of expensive local produce. C．Active participation and mutual connection. D．Promotion of digital entertainment culture. 3．What can we learn about the programs of the festival? A．They focus only on practical craft skills. B．They encourage audience involvement. C．They are mainly commercial performances. D．They are designed for professional artists. 4．What can we infer from Cerys Matthews’ words? A．She hopes people can escape digital distractions. B．She thinks ancestors’ skills are outdated. C．She prefers online interaction to face-to-face talks. D．She aims to make the festival a commercial success. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述Cerys Matthews创办的美好人生体验节在威尔士举办，以线下真实体验为核心，倡导参与创造与联结，对抗数字生活的浮躁与孤独。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine: the chance to light a campfire, learn a craft from an expert, share stories face-to-face, or simply enjoy a moment of collective silence under the stars.(在这个刻意打造线上生活的时代，它提供了真实的体验：有机会点燃篝火，向专家学习手艺，面对面分享故事，或只是在星空下享受片刻的集体宁静。)”可知，该节日在当下及时且必要，是因为它抵制虚假的线上生活，提供真实的线下体验。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The event, held on a beautiful country estate in Wales, is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption. (这场活动举办于威尔士一处风景优美的乡村庄园，其创办理念是：幸福源于参与和创造，而非单纯的索取。)”以及最后一段“It’s a cure for the speed and isolation of contemporary life, promoting slowness, skill-sharing, and community.(这一活动是治愈当代生活节奏过快与疏离感的良方，倡导慢生活、技艺共享与社群联结。)”可知，美好人生体验节的核心价值是主动参与和彼此联结。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated (筹办) mix of the hands-on and the inspirational. (因此，该活动的日程安排，是经精心策划的实践体验与灵感启迪的融合之作。)”和“The food stalls prioritize local and seasonal produce, and the music stages feature everything from folk to soul, often inviting audience participation.(美食摊位主打本地时令食材，音乐舞台汇聚民谣、灵乐等各类曲风，还常常邀请观众参与互动。)”可知，该节日的活动项目鼓励观众参与其中。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other,(我们希望打造一个空间，让人们能远离数字噪音，重新与自己的双手、思想以及彼此联结，)”可知，Cerys Matthews希望人们能摆脱数字信息的干扰。故选A项。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·广东中山·月考）Susana and her husband Edward are new to the United States, and they are learning as they go. The couple left Colombia in August to move to Brookline, where they plan on living for two years while Susan studies at Harvard Medical School. “The first month was hard for me because in Colombia we say hello to all the people on the streets. And sometimes, the people here don’t reply. So I told my mom that the people were probably not very friendly,” said Susana. “But I decided to get to know the culture and embrace (欣然接受) the new country that had opened its doors to me and my husband.” That included learning more about this new holiday they kept hearing about: Thanksgiving. Susana posted on the app, Nextdoor, explaining they wanted to spend the holiday with an American family. “Hey, we are a couple that is not from America. We want to know about Thanksgiving. We want to share the experience.” said Susana. The result was over 200 invitations and responses from complete strangers. One of those came from Carol of Brookline, which was the offer that Susana and Edward chose to accept “she mentioned that she had a multi-generational (多代同堂的) family. So for me, it was amazing,” said Susana. Carol shared the same excitement about being picked as the family they were spending the holiday with. “I said to her that I felt like I won the lottery (彩票) because she chose us and we got a chance to meet them,” said Carol. “She seemed so genuine (真诚的) in her reaching out, and I felt like we could respond and show her the good side of America.” Susana’s uneasiness (不安) about her new environment changed after this experience “After my post for Thanksgiving, it completely changed,” said Susana “People are kind and loving. So it changed my mind completely.” 1．How did Susana feel when she first arrived in America? A．Nervous. B．Homesick. C．Unimpressed. D．Uncomfortable. 2．What does the word “That” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The couple’s cultural embrace. B．The couple’s so eial connection. C．The couple’s continuing education. D．The couple’s neighborhood exploration. 3．What did Susana post on Nextdoor? A．An invitation. B．A concern. C．A request. D．An application. 4．What happened to Susana after her post? A．She got interested in Thanksgiving. B．She felt more positive about people. C．She stopped joining community activities. D．She became more anxious about Brookline. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述来自哥伦比亚的Susana夫妇初到美国的经历，以及通过感恩节寻求美国家庭陪伴后，对新环境看法转变的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的““The first month was hard for me because in Colombia we say hello to all the people on the streets. And sometimes, the people here don’t reply. So I told my mom that the people were probably not very friendly,” said Susana. (“第一个月对我来说很难熬，因为在哥伦比亚，我们会跟街上所有的人打招呼。但有时候，这里的人不会回应。所以我跟妈妈说，这里的人或许不太友好。”Susana说道。)”可知，Susana初到美国时因文化差异感到不适应，觉得这里的人不友好，所以“不舒服的、不自在的”符合她此时的感受。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“But I decided to get to know the culture and embrace (欣然接受) the new country that had opened its doors to me and my husband.(但我决定去了解这里的文化，并欣然接受这个向我和我丈夫敞开大门的新国家。)”以及第三段中的“That included learning more about this new holiday they kept hearing about: Thanksgiving.(这包括更多地了解他们经常听到的这个新节日：感恩节。)”可知，“That”指代上文Susana决定了解新文化、接受新国家的想法和行动，即“这对夫妇对文化的接纳”。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Susana posted on the app, Nextdoor, explaining they wanted to spend the holiday with an American family. “Hey, we are a couple that is not from America. We want to know about Thanksgiving. We want to share the experience.” said Susana.(Susana在Nextdoor应用上发帖，说明他们想和一个美国家庭一起过这个节日。“嘿，我们是一对来自美国以外国家的夫妇。我们想了解感恩节。我们想分享这段经历。”Susana说。)”可知，Susana发帖是为了表达希望与美国家庭共度感恩节、了解节日的需求，属于一种“请求”。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Susana’s uneasiness (不安) about her new environment changed after this experience “After my post for Thanksgiving, it completely changed,” said Susana “People are kind and loving. So it changed my mind completely.”(这次经历之后，Susana对新环境的不安感改变了。“在我发布了关于感恩节的帖子后，一切都变了，”Susana说，“人们都很善良、有爱心。所以这彻底改变了我的想法。”)”可知，发帖后获得大量回应并与美国家庭共度感恩节的经历，让Susana对当地人的看法变得更积极。故选B项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·辽宁·月考）The simple act of blowing out birthday candles carries a rich history dating back thousands of years. The tradition dates back to ancient Greece, where people honored Artemis, goddess of the moon, with round honey cakes called “nouton-gonosupahon”. Historians like Marie Nicola suggest candlelight likely represented moonlight during lunar celebrations. “Fire represented the presence of gods across Indo-European cultures,” notes Nicola. The Romans later adopted these customs, adding candlelit cakes into birthday celebrations as their empire expanded. By the Middle Ages, Germans developed their own candle tradition through Kinderfest, a children’s festival. People believed children were vulnerable (易受伤害的) to bad spirits on their birthdays. Candles burned all day, their smoke carrying protective prayers heavenward. German writer Goethe’s 1799 account of his 52nd birthday cake with 50 candles marks one of the earliest documented uses matching modern practice. The 19th century saw the tradition develop quickly. Swiss records from 1881 describe cakes with candles representing each year of life-the first clear documentation of today’s celebration. Germans then brought the custom to America, where it gained new meaning: blowing out all candles in one breath ensured wishes come true. Mass production and media promoted the tradition worldwide. By the 1920s, numbered candle sets began to be sold, while Disney’s 1931 Mickey Mouse cartoon “The Birthday Party” cemented the image in popular culture. After World War II, the fixed practice spread globally, from Japan adopting it in the 1950s to Hallmark cards featuring candle imagery. What began as spiritual protection became a universal celebration of life-proving even ancient celebrations can develop into joyful traditions. As Nicola reflects, “That single breath blowing out candles still carries shadows of ancient prayers, now transformed into wishes for the future.” 1．What can be known about blowing out birthday candles in paragraph 1? A．It was related to belief. B．It stands for long life. C．It adds light to birthday. D．It came from Rome. 2．How is this text developed? A．By listing examples. B．By following time order. C．By listing events. D．By telling stories. 3．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cemented” in paragraph 4? A．Copied. B．Suggested. C．Strengthened. D．Won. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．Customs Change over Time. B．Birthday Candles Represent Ages. C．Birthday Cakes Have a Long History. D．Blowing out Birthday Candles Is Ancient. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要追溯了吹生日蜡烛这一传统的历史起源与发展历程，从古希腊对月亮女神的祭祀仪式，到中世纪德国的儿童节日习俗，再到19世纪的传统定型、20世纪的全球传播，展现了这一简单行为背后丰富的历史文化内涵。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Historians like Marie Nicola suggest candlelight likely represented moonlight during lunar celebrations. ‘Fire represented the presence of gods across Indo-European cultures,’ notes Nicola. The Romans later adopted these customs, adding candlelit cakes into birthday celebrations as their empire expanded. (玛丽・尼科拉等历史学家认为，在月亮祭祀活动中，烛光可能代表着月光。尼科拉指出：“在印欧文化中，火象征着神灵的存在。”随着罗马帝国的扩张，罗马人后来采纳了这些习俗，将有点燃蜡烛的蛋糕纳入生日庆祝活动中。)” 可知，吹生日蜡烛的传统与“烛光代表月光”“火象征神灵” 等信仰相关，故选A。 2．推理判断题。文中明确出现了多个时间线索：“ancient Greece (古希腊)”“the Romans (罗马时期)”“the Middle Ages (中世纪)”“The 19th century (19世纪)”“By the 1920s (到20世纪20年代)”“1931”“After World War II (二战后)”“the 1950s (20世纪50年代)”。文章按照时间先后顺序，依次介绍了吹生日蜡烛传统在不同时期的起源、演变与传播，因此是按时间顺序展开的，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Mass production and media promoted the tradition worldwide. By the 1920s, numbered candle sets began to be sold, while Disney’s 1931 Mickey Mouse cartoon “The Birthday Party”cemented the image in popular culture. (大规模生产和媒体推动这一传统走向全球。到20世纪20 年代，带数字的蜡烛套装开始销售，而迪士尼1931年的米老鼠动画片《生日派对》则在流行文化中cemented了这一形象。)”可知，前文提到“媒体推动传统传播”，后文以迪士尼动画片为例，说明其对“生日蜡烛形象”的作用应与“推动、强化”相关。“cemented”在此处意为“巩固、强化，与“Strengthened”含义相近，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“The simple act of blowing out birthday candles carries a rich history dating back thousands of years. (吹灭生日蜡烛这一简单行为，其历史可追溯至数千年前，蕴含着丰富的文化内涵。)”吹生日蜡烛的简单行为有着数千年的丰富历史，随后按时间顺序追溯其从古希腊到现代的发展历程，结尾总结 “What began as spiritual protection became a universal celebration of life-proving even ancient celebrations can develop into joyful traditions. (这一最初作为精神庇护的行为，如今已演变为全球性的生命庆典——这一转变也证明，即便是古老的庆祝方式，也能发展成充满欢乐的传统。)”这一始于精神保护的行为，如今已成为全球性的生命庆典。选项D（吹生日蜡烛是古老的传统）既点明核心行为，又体现“历史悠久”的主旨，符合全文内容，故选D。 Passage 5 （25-26高一上·江苏淮安·月考）Celebrate! Different countries have different celebrations on many special days. Let’s have a look at some from a website. Noodles In China, people often celebrate birthdays by eating with family or friends, and the last dish of the meal is always noodles. The noodles are long and thin. 1 You can’t cut them. In Chinese culture, long noodles mean you will have a long life. Business birthdays A business birthday shows that a company is successful. Many businesses in the USA celebrate important birthdays, like 10, 50 or 150 years. 2 Sometimes they make TV advertisements. It is a good chance to advertise the business. Name days As well as a birthday, many people in Southern Europe also celebrate their name day. 3 People have big parties and open their houses to anybody who wants to come. People bring small gifts, often flowers or a box of sweets. Islamic New Year In Muslim countries across the world, people celebrate Eid (开斋节). Eid means festival or celebration. During Eid, people visit family and friends, as well as people who are sick or in hospital. 4 Children receive toys, too. Children often wear special traditional clothes during the Eid celebrations. Piñatas In Mexico, children often get piñatas (彩罐) on their birthday. Their parents put chocolates and other sweets inside the piñata and hang it on a tree. Then the children hit the piñata with a stick (木棍). 5 A．You have to eat them in one piece of noodles. B．They go out for a meal to celebrate. C．Companies hold parties and send cards. D．They give presents, such as sweets and food. E．Then the piñata breaks and the sweets fall out on to the ground. F．This is one of the two important festivals in this country. G．In Greece, name days are more important than birthdays. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家在一些特殊日子里的不同庆祝方式。 1．根据上文“In China, people often celebrate birthdays by eating with family or friends, and the last dish of the meal is always noodles. The noodles are long and thin.(在中国，人们通常会和家人或朋友一起吃饭庆祝生日，而这顿饭的最后一道菜总是面条。这种面条又长又细。)”和下文“You can’t cut them. In Chinese culture, long noodles mean you will have a long life.(你不能切断它们。在中国文化中，长面条寓意着长寿。)”可知，上文提到中国人生日宴的最后一道菜是又长又细的面条，下文明确说你不能切断它们，且补充了“长面条意味着长寿”的文化内涵。选项A“你必须把面条整根吃完。”承接了“不能切断”的要求，同时呼应“长面条”的形态和“长寿”的寓意，是上下文的自然衔接。故选A。 2．根据上文“Many businesses in the USA celebrate important birthdays, like 10, 50 or 150 years.(美国的许多企业都会庆祝重要的生日，比如10年、50年或150年。)”和下文“Sometimes they make TV advertisements.(有时他们会制作电视广告。)”可知，空处应与美国公司庆祝重要生日的方式有关。选项C“公司举办聚会并发送贺卡”符合语境，选项C中的“Companies”与上文提到的“Many businesses”相呼应，且选项C中的“hold parties and send cards”与下文提到的“make TV advertisements”并列，都是公司庆祝重要生日的方式。故选C。 3．根据上文“As well as a birthday, many people in Southern Europe also celebrate their name day.(除了生日，南欧的许多人还庆祝他们的命名日。)”和下文“People have big parties and open their houses to anybody who wants to come.(人们举办大型聚会，并向任何想来的人开放他们的房子。)”可知，空处应与南欧人庆祝命名日的方式有关。选项G“在希腊，命名日比生日更重要”符合语境，选项G中的“name days”与上文提到的“name day”相呼应，且选项G中的“more important than birthdays”进一步解释了南欧人庆祝命名日的原因，即命名日比生日更重要。故选G。 4．根据上文“During Eid, people visit family and friends, as well as people who are sick or in hospital.(在开斋节期间，人们会拜访家人和朋友，以及生病或住院的人。)”和下文“Children receive toys, too.(孩子们也会收到玩具。)”可知，空处应与开斋节期间人们互赠礼物有关。选项D“他们送礼物，比如糖果和食物”符合语境，选项D中的“They give presents”与上文提到的“people visit family and friends”相呼应，且选项D中的“such as sweets and food”与下文提到的“Children receive toys”并列，都是开斋节期间人们互赠的礼物。故选D。 5．根据上文“Then the children hit the piñata with a stick.(然后孩子们用棍子打彩罐。)”可知，空处应与孩子们打彩罐的结果有关。选项E“然后彩罐破了，糖果掉到了地上”符合语境，选项E中的“Then the piñata breaks”与上文提到的“hit the piñata with a stick”相呼应，且选项E中的“the sweets fall out on to the ground”进一步描述了打彩罐的结果，即糖果掉到了地上。故选E。 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）British Harvest Festival is celebrated on or close to the Sunday of the Harvest Moon, which is the full moon that’s closest to the Autumn Equinox (秋分). 1 But it may also take place at the beginning of October in some years. This holiday is to celebrate the food that land has provided and to give thanks. The Harvest Festival can date back to the ancient Celts’ times when it was celebrated as the seasonal mid-point. 2 In Anglo-Saxon England, these traditions of the Harvest Festival continued. And during this time, it became a custom to “bless (祝福) the bread”, which would later become the tradition of giving thanks for a meal. 3 In this way, the Harvest Festival continue to develop over the next few hundred years until it became the holiday that it’s today. 4 Usually, people in Britain share a meal with friends and family and decorate homes. They also attend church, give food out to people in need, and sing songs. Some people make corn toys, which are expected to bring luck to next year’s harvest. Sometimes these toys are hung up on farm houses. Some British people are trying to return this holiday to some of its religious roots (宗教根源). However, most don’t have that attempt. 5 They also give thanks for the good luck they received all year long. A．Why is the Harvest Festival still celebrated? B．By the 1500s, many traditions had been put into this day. C．How do the British celebrate the Harvest Festival nowadays? D．Thus, this holiday usually falls around the end of September. E．In that way, it is much like the American holiday of Thanksgiving. F．They just see this holiday as a way to spend time with their family. G．During this time, people would harvest their crops and store food up for winter. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国丰收节的历史起源及其传统演变，描述了现代庆祝方式，并指出如今多数人更注重其家庭团聚的世俗意义而非宗教内涵。 1．前文“British Harvest Festival is celebrated on or close to the Sunday of the Harvest Moon, which is the full moon that’s closest to the Autumn Equinox (秋分). (英国的丰收节是在接近秋分前后满月，即“收获月”的周日庆祝的)”提到英国丰收节的时间是秋分前后的满月，后文“But it may also take place at the beginning of October in some years. (但它也可能在一些年份的十月初进行)”指出丰收节时间也可能在十月初，因此D项“Thus, this holiday usually falls around the end of September. (因此，这个节日通常在九月末左右)”符合语境，说明丰收节通常在九月末，是对前文时间的具体补充，和后文构成转折，其中的this holiday指代前文的British Harvest Festival。故选D。 2．前文“The Harvest Festival can date back to the ancient Celts’ times when it was celebrated as the seasonal mid-point. (丰收节可以追溯到古凯尔特时期，当时它被作为季节的中点来庆祝)”提到丰收节起源于古凯尔特时期，后文“In Anglo-Saxon England, these traditions of the Harvest Festival continued. (在盎格鲁-撒克逊时期的英格兰，丰收节的这些传统得以延续)”提到节日在盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰时期的延续，因此G项“During this time, people would harvest their crops and store food up for winter. (在此期间，人们会收割庄稼并储存食物以备冬季)”符合语境，描述了古凯尔特时期的庆祝方式，承接前文，和后文时间逻辑连贯，其中的this time指代前文的the ancient Celts’ times。故选G。 3．前文“And during this time, it became a custom to “bless (祝福) the bread”, which would later become the tradition of giving thanks for a meal. (在这一时期里，“祝福面包”成为了一种习俗，这后来成为了一顿饭的感恩传统)”提到盎格鲁-撒克逊时期的“祝福面包”传统，后文“In this way, the Harvest Festival continue to develop over the next few hundred years until it became the holiday that it’s today. (就这样，在接下来的几百年里，丰收节继续发展，直到它成为今天的节日)”提到丰收节在几百年间持续发展，因此B项“By the 1500s, many traditions had been put into this day. (到16世纪时，许多传统已被融入这一天)”符合语境，指出更多传统随着时间推移而产生，承前启后，符合前后文时间逻辑。故选B。 4．前文段落主要介绍节日的历史演变，后文“Usually, people in Britain share a meal with friends and family and decorate homes. They also attend church, give food out to people in need, and sing songs. Some people make corn toys, which are expected to bring luck to next year’s harvest. Sometimes these toys are hung up on farm houses. (通常，英国人与朋友和家人一起吃饭，并装饰房屋。他们还去教堂做礼拜，给有需要的人分发食物、唱歌。有些人制作玉米玩具，希望能给明年的收成带来好运。有时这些玩具被挂在农舍上)”描述现代的庆祝方式，如共享餐食、装饰房屋等，因此C项“How do the British celebrate the Harvest Festival nowadays? (英国人如今如何庆祝丰收节呢)”符合语境，从历史转向现代，引出后文具体的庆祝活动。故选C。 5．前文“Some British people are trying to return this holiday to some of its religious roots (宗教根源). However, most don’t have that attempt. (一些英国人正试图让这个节日回归其宗教根源。然而，大多数人都没有这样的尝试)”提到部分人试图回归宗教根源，但大多数人没有这样做，后文“They also give thanks for the good luck they received all year long. (他们也会感恩他们一整年收到的好运)”提到大多数人感恩好运，因此F项“They just see this holiday as a way to spend time with their family. (他们仅将此节日视为与家人共度时光的方式)”符合语境，描述人们的世俗化态度，和前文形成对比，后文是对其补充说明。故选F。 Passage 7 （25-26高一上·安徽黄山·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Far and away the most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival, also 1 (know) as the Chinese New Year. The dates for this annual celebration 2 (decide) by the lunar calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies from late January 3 early February. To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar New Year’s Day 4 ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which 5 (normal) is called the Lantern Festival, 6 (mean) the official end of the Spring Festival in many parts of the country. “Guo Nian,” which means “passing the year,” is the common term among the Chinese people for celebrating the Spring Festival. It actually means 7 (greet) the new year. At midnight at the turn of the old and new year, people used to let off fire-crackers (爆竹) 8 serve to drive away the evil spirits and to greet the 9 (arrive) of the new year. On New Year’s Eve, all the members of families come together to enjoy a family meal. Jiaozi, 10 traditional dumpling, is popular in the north, while southerners prefer a sticky rice pudding called niangao. 【答案】 1．known 2．are decided 3．to 4．and 5．normally 6．means 7．greeting 8．which/that 9．arrival 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最重要的节日——春节的相关信息，包括时间、庆祝方式及传统食物等。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最重要的节日无疑是春节，也被称为中国新年。know与the Spring Festival为被动关系，本空用过去分词known，作后置定语。故填known。 2．考查时态语态。句意：这个一年一度的庆祝活动的日期是由农历决定的，所以假期的时间从1月下旬到2月上旬不等。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语dates和decide为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are decided。 3．考查介词。句意：这个一年一度的庆祝活动的日期是由农历决定的，所以假期的时间从1月下旬到2月上旬不等。from...to...为固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。故填to。 4．考查连词。句意：对于普通中国人来说，这个节日实际上从农历新年的前一天开始，到农历正月初五结束。begins on the eve of the lunar New Year’s Day与ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 5．考查副词。句意：但是正月十五，通常被称为元宵节，在该国的许多地方意味着春节的正式结束。此处修饰is called，应用副词normally“通常地”，作状语。故填normally。 6．考查时态主谓一致。句意：但是正月十五，通常被称为元宵节，在该国的许多地方意味着春节的正式结束。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the 15th of the first month为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：它实际上意味着迎接新年。mean doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“意味着做某事”，所以此处应用动名词greeting作宾语。故填greeting。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在旧年和新年交替的午夜，人们过去常常燃放鞭炮，用来驱赶邪灵，迎接新年的到来。本空引导定语从句，先行词为fire-crackers，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 9．考查名词。句意：在旧年和新年交替的午夜，人们过去常常燃放鞭炮，用来驱赶邪灵，迎接新年的到来。此处作greet的宾语，应用名词arrival“到来”。故填arrival。 10．考查冠词。句意：饺子，一种传统的饺子，在北方很受欢迎，而南方人更喜欢一种叫做年糕的糯米布丁。此处表泛指“一种传统的饺子”，应用不定冠词，且traditional的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 Passage 8 （25-26高一上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving 1 the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person 2 (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, 3 became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin 4 the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her 5 (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also 6 (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a 7 (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the 8 (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. 9 idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would 10 (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. 【答案】 1．but 2．to propose 3．which 4．to 5．neighbors 6．organized 7．global 8．third 9．The 10．be celebrated 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了母亲节的起源和发展历程。 1．考查连词。句意：如今，母亲节是送礼物的节日，但这个庆祝活动的起源却截然不同。前半句说母亲节的当下庆祝方式，后半句表转折，指其起源与之不同，应用连词but连接。故填but。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：朱莉娅·沃德·豪是第一个在美国提议设立母亲节的人。根据空前the first person可知，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，名词由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to propose。 3．考查定语从句。句意：1872年，她在波士顿设立了和平母亲节，后来在一些城市成为了一年一度的庆祝活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mother’s Peace Day，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 4．考查介词。句意：而我们如今所知的母亲节，其起源要归功于安和安娜·贾维斯的努力。owe...to...是固定短语，意为“归功于……”。故填to。 5．考查名词。句意：她请医生教她和她的邻居如何改善家人的健康。根据空前形容词性物主代词her可知，空处应用名词neighbor，结合语境可知，邻居不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。 6．考查时态。句意：她还组织了妇女俱乐部，为穷人提供药品，帮助母亲生病的家庭。空处作谓语，根据上文asked和下文helped可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填organized。 7．考查形容词。句意：安希望能有一个庆祝母亲的全球性节日。根据空后名词holiday可知，空处应用形容词global“全球的”，作定语修饰名词。故填global。 8．考查序数词。句意：在她母亲去世三周年之际，安娜发表了演讲，要求各个年龄段的人都用言语和礼物来纪念他们的母亲。根据空前定冠词the和空后anniversary可知，空处应用序数词third，表示“第三”。故填third。 9．考查冠词。句意：这个想法很快传遍了全国。根据句意可知，此处特指上文提到的安娜发表演讲提出的想法，应用定冠词the修饰，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 10．考查语态。句意：1914年，伍德罗·威尔逊总统决定将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。空处作谓语，celebrate和主语the second Sunday in May之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词would后接动词原形。故填be celebrated。 Passage 9 （24-25高一下·广东汕尾·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Inti Raymi, often referred to as the “Festival of the Sun”, is a truly important traditional festival in Peru. The ancient city of Cusco 1 (come) alive with this celebration every year on June 24th, 2 shows the rich and unique culture of the Inca people. The Inca civilization (文明), existing from the 13th to the 16th century, held the sun in the highest regard. They believed that the sun was the creator of life, and the source of warmth and light. Therefore, Inti Raymi 3 (establish) to express their deep thanks to Inti. At 4 start of the festival, the “Inca king” makes a speech in the old Inca language and offers food to the sun. Then, there is a parade (游行). Dancers 5 traditional clothing lead the way, performing 6 (energy) dances that have been passed down through 7 (generation). Besides the parade, traditional sports games, music performances, and food fairs are also held 8 (celebrate) the festival. These folk activities not only add to the fun of the festival but also give visitors a chance to experience the Inca culture 9 (close). It also serves as a bridge, 10 (help) people from other countries learn about and admire the great Inca civilization. 【答案】 1．comes 2．which 3．was established 4．the 5．in 6．energetic 7．generations 8．to celebrate 9．closely/closer 10．helping 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秘鲁“太阳节”的文化背景与庆典形式，阐述印加人对太阳的崇拜，并说明该节日如何通过仪式、舞蹈和民俗活动传承印加文明，同时促进文化交流。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每年6月24日，古城库斯科因这一庆典而焕发生机，这展现了印加人丰富独特的文化。空处作句子的谓语，根据“every year”可知，此处描述每年发生的客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语The ancient city of Cusco是单数，come应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 2．考查定语从句。句意：每年6月24日，古城库斯科因这一庆典而焕发生机，这展现了印加人丰富独特的文化。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词this celebration作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 3．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：因此，太阳节被创立以表达他们对太阳神Inti的深切感激。空处作句子的谓语，结合前两句可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，establish“创立”和主语Inti Raymi之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单个专有名词，be动词应用was。故填was established。 4．考查冠词。句意：节日开始时，“印加王”会用古老的印加语言发表演讲，并向太阳献上食物。固定短语at the start of表示“在……开始时”。故填the。 5．考查介词。句意：身着传统服装的舞者带头表演充满活力的舞蹈，这些舞蹈已传承数代。“in+衣物”为固定搭配，表示穿戴状态。故填in。 6．考查形容词。句意：身着传统服装的舞者带头表演充满活力的舞蹈，这些舞蹈已传承数代。空处作修饰dances的定语，形容词energetic符合题意，意为“充满活力的”。故填energetic。 7．考查名词的数。句意：身着传统服装的舞者带头表演充满活力的舞蹈，这些舞蹈已传承数代。空处作through的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词generation“代”应用复数形式，表示“数代”。故填generations。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：除游行外，还有传统体育比赛、音乐表演和美食集市来庆祝节日。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了/来……”，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式形式。故填to celebrate。 9．考查副词或比较级。句意：这些民俗活动不仅增添节日乐趣，也让游客能深入地/更近距离地体验印加文化。空处修饰动词experience，可用强调紧密关联性的副词closely，意为“密切地”，或用描述物理距离上的接近的副词close的比较级，表示“更近距离地体验印加文化”。故填closely/closer。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也成为一座桥梁，帮助其他国家的人们了解并钦佩伟大的印加文明。句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生，空处作句子的伴随状语，help“帮助”和It逻辑上是主动关系，应用help的现在分词形式。故填helping。 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations节日与庆祝 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与社会”之“节日与庆祝” 主题词汇积累 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. festival 节日 3. celebration 庆祝；庆典 4. holiday 假日；节日 5. tradition 传统 6. traditional 传统的 7. culture 文化 8. cultural 文化的 9. custom 习俗 10. event 活动；大事 11. ceremony 仪式；典礼 12. mean 意味着 13. meaning 意义 14. celebrate 庆祝 15. remember 纪念 16. honor 向…… 表示敬意 17. respect 尊重 18. grateful /gratitude 感激；感恩 19. unity 团结 20. togetherness 团聚；亲密 21. share 分享 22. relax 放松 23. joy 快乐；喜悦 24. gather 聚集 25. gather together 聚在一起 26. reunite 团聚 27. meet up 见面 28. have a big meal 吃大餐 29. feast 盛宴；聚餐 30. dress up 盛装打扮 31. decorate 装饰 32. set off fireworks 放烟花 33. hold a party 举办派对 34. exchange gifts 交换礼物 35. send wishes 送祝福 36. family 家人；家庭 37. relative 亲戚 38. community 社区；群体 39. nation 国家；民族 40. local 当地的 41. warm 温暖的 42. meaningful 有意义的 43. lively 热闹的；生机勃勃的 44. exciting 令人兴奋的 45. represent 代表 46. symbolize 象征 47. express 表达 48. pass down 传承 49. heritage 遗产；传统 50. identity 身份；特性 51. generation 一代 52. nowadays 如今 53. modern 现代的 54. change with the times 与时俱进 55. keep...alive 使…… 保留 / 传承下去 时文拓展阅读 The True Meaning of Festivals and Celebrations Festivals and celebrations are the most vivid parts of human culture. They are more than just cheerful events or days off; they carry the history, values and collective memories of a nation or a group of people. Every traditional festival has its unique origin and meaning, connecting people to their roots and teaching them to cherish love, family and gratitude. In modern society, festivals still play an irreplaceable role. They offer people a chance to slow down from their busy lives and reunite with family members. During important festivals, people travel long distances to go back home, enjoy dinners together and share stories of their daily lives. Such moments strengthen emotional bonds and create warm memories that last a lifetime. Nowadays, many festivals are being developed in new ways. Young people combine traditional customs with modern lifestyles, making old festivals more colorful and attractive. However, the core spirit of festivals never changes. Whether they are national festivals, religious celebrations or local folk events, they all remind us of the importance of togetherness, hope and respect for culture. In fact, festivals are not only about joy and relaxation. They are a bridge between the past and the present, helping us pass down valuable traditions from one generation to another. Celebrating festivals is a way to understand culture, feel warmth and enjoy the beauty of life. 【译文欣赏】 节日与庆典是人类文化中最为鲜活的部分。它们远不止是欢乐的活动或是休息日，更承载着一个民族或群体的历史、价值观与集体记忆。每一个传统节日都拥有独特的起源与内涵，将人们与自己的根脉相连，教会人们珍惜亲情、心怀感恩。 在现代社会，节日依然发挥着不可替代的作用。它们让人们从忙碌的生活中放慢脚步，与家人重聚团圆。每逢重要节日，人们不远千里奔赴家乡，共享家宴，诉说日常。这样的时刻加固了情感纽带，创造出留存一生的温暖回忆。 如今，许多节日正以全新的方式发展。年轻人将传统习俗与现代生活方式相融，让古老的节日变得更加多彩动人。然而，节日的核心精神从未改变。无论是国家庆典、宗教节日还是地方民俗活动，它们都在提醒我们：团圆、希望与文化敬畏至关重要。 事实上，节日的意义不仅在于欢乐与休憩。它们是连接过去与现在的桥梁，帮助我们将珍贵的传统代代传承。庆祝节日，是读懂文化、感受温情、品味生活美好的一种方式。 【词汇积累】 1. 2. vivid adj. 生动的，鲜活的 3. cheerful adj. 欢快的，高兴的 4. collective memory 集体记忆 5. origin n. 起源，由来 6. cherish v. 珍惜，珍视 7. gratitude n. 感激，感恩 8. irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的 9. reunite v. 团聚，重聚 10. emotional bond 情感纽带 11. custom n. 习俗，风俗 12. togetherness n. 团聚，亲密无间 13. generation n. 一代，一代人 高考真题链接 （2024·全国甲卷·高考真题）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 21．What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B．It offers art courses for all ages. C．It presents recreational activities. D．It is a major tourist attraction. 22．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures? A．Light Awash in Watercolor. B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C．Wheel Throwing. D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 23．What can you do together with Javier Marin? A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts. C．Visit a local museum. D．Feed invertebrates. 句 1 Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. 主句：Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration 定语：of the Harvard community's artistic creativity（介词短语作后置定语） 翻译 每一届 “艺术首秀” 艺术节都是哈佛社群艺术创造力的一场独特年度庆典。 句 2 We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. 主句：We look forward to welcoming you 时间状语从句：as we showcase… 方式状语：through…（三个并列名词） 翻译 我们期待你的到来，通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动展示哈佛艺术社群的创造力。 句 3 Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. 祈使句：Try your hand at some of the painting tricks 过去分词作定语：used by artists 定语从句：whose works will be in…（修饰 artists） 翻译 尝试掌握一些画家常用的绘画技巧，这些画家的作品将出现在即将举办的《美国水彩画 1880–1990：步入光影》展览中。 1. unique 独特的 2. annual 一年一度的 3. celebration 庆典 4. community 社区；群体 5. artistic creativity 艺术创造力 6. showcase 展示 7. performance 表演 8. exhibition 展览 9. art-making activities 艺术创作活动 10. upcoming 即将到来的 11. delicate 精致的 12. inspire 启发；赋予灵感 13. craft 手工艺 14. ceramics 陶艺 15. potter 陶工 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 介绍春节、元宵节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节的习俗、食物与文化意义。 Passage2 阅读理解 介绍英国威尔士的户外体验节，倡导真实体验、动手参与、远离数字生活。 Passage3 阅读理解 外国夫妇初到美国，通过体验感恩节改变对当地文化与人群的印象。 Passage4 阅读理解 追溯吹生日蜡烛传统的起源与发展，从古希腊到现代全球流行。 Passage5 七选五 介绍中国长寿面、美国企业庆生、南欧命名日、开斋节、墨西哥彩罐游戏。 Passage6 七选五 介绍英国丰收节的时间、历史演变、传统习俗与现代庆祝方式。 Passage7 语法填空 介绍春节时间、习俗、食物（饺子、年糕）及节日意义。 Passage8 语法填空 讲述母亲节的由来、两位创始人及成为官方节日的过程。 Passage9 语法填空 介绍秘鲁太阳节（Inti Raymi）的历史、仪式与文化价值。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·安徽六安·期末）As an ancient country, China has various festivals. The Spring Festival In the evening before the Spring Festival, families get together and have a big meal. Children also get lucky money from parents. The Lantern Festival During this festival, there is special food called “tang yuan”, which is said to represent both the first full moon and family unity and completeness. Part of the Lantern Festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns. Stilt walking, drumming and the dragon and lion dance are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival. The Duanwu Festival Also called the Dragon Boat Festival, it is to celebrate the patriotic (爱国的) poet Qu Yuan, a loyal and highly respected minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified (诽谤) . The Double Seventh Festival On the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, there is a traditional festival full of romance. Recently the youth have celebrated it as Valentine’s Day in China. The Mid-Autumn Festival It is a conventional festival for both the Han and minority nationalities in China. The custom of enjoying the moon can be traced back to the ancient Xia and Shang dynasties. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also a holiday for members of a family to get together. The Double Ninth Festival On the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, people celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. People usually climb mountains and eat double-ninth cakes, which means our life will become better and better. 1．What does “tang yuan” represent according to the passage? A．The end of the Spring Festival B．The first full moon and family unity C．Good luck for children D．Patriotism and loyalty 2．Which festival is celebrated as Valentine’s Day by Chinese youth recently? A．The Lantern Festival B．The Double Ninth Festival C．The Mid-Autumn Festival D．The Double Seventh Festival 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To compare different Chinese festivals B．To introduce the history of Chinese festivals C．To show the customs and meanings of Chinese festivals D．To explain how Chinese festivals are celebrated today Passage 2 （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期末）Founded by singer, author and broadcaster Cerys Matthews, the Good Life Experience is all about connecting guests with things that really matter, through music, food, literature, ideas, workshops and the great outdoors. It’s a festival that feels both timely and necessary. In an age of deliberately designed online lives, it offers something genuine: the chance to light a campfire, learn a craft from an expert, share stories face-to-face, or simply enjoy a moment of collective silence under the stars. The event, held on a beautiful country estate in Wales, is built on the belief that happiness is found in participation and creation, not just consumption. Its programme, accordingly, is a thoughtfully curated (筹办) mix of the hands-on and the inspirational. You might find yourself learning to forge a knife one hour, and listening to a celebrated author read by the river the next. There are workshops in leatherworking and woodcraft, opportunities to try wild swimming, and countless campfires around which strangers become friends through conversation. The food stalls prioritize local and seasonal produce, and the music stages feature everything from folk to soul, often inviting audience participation. “We wanted to create a space where people could switch off from the digital noise and reconnect with their own hands, minds, and with each other,” says Matthews. “It’s about the joy of making something, the satisfaction of learning a skill your ancestors might have known, and the deep connections that form when you share that experience. ” The festival challenges the modern idea of entertainment as a passive activity. It’s a cure for the speed and isolation of contemporary life, promoting slowness, skill-sharing, and community. It’s an example of a richer, more connected way of living. 1．Why did the author describe the festival as timely and necessary? A．Because it promotes Welsh tourism. B．Because it was founded by a famous singer. C．Because it promotes hands-on activities. D．Because it resists artificial online lives. 2．What is the core value of the Good Life Experience? A．Passive enjoyment of wonderful scenery. B．Consumption of expensive local produce. C．Active participation and mutual connection. D．Promotion of digital entertainment culture. 3．What can we learn about the programs of the festival? A．They focus only on practical craft skills. B．They encourage audience involvement. C．They are mainly commercial performances. D．They are designed for professional artists. 4．What can we infer from Cerys Matthews’ words? A．She hopes people can escape digital distractions. B．She thinks ancestors’ skills are outdated. C．She prefers online interaction to face-to-face talks. D．She aims to make the festival a commercial success. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·广东中山·月考）Susana and her husband Edward are new to the United States, and they are learning as they go. The couple left Colombia in August to move to Brookline, where they plan on living for two years while Susan studies at Harvard Medical School. “The first month was hard for me because in Colombia we say hello to all the people on the streets. And sometimes, the people here don’t reply. So I told my mom that the people were probably not very friendly,” said Susana. “But I decided to get to know the culture and embrace (欣然接受) the new country that had opened its doors to me and my husband.” That included learning more about this new holiday they kept hearing about: Thanksgiving. Susana posted on the app, Nextdoor, explaining they wanted to spend the holiday with an American family. “Hey, we are a couple that is not from America. We want to know about Thanksgiving. We want to share the experience.” said Susana. The result was over 200 invitations and responses from complete strangers. One of those came from Carol of Brookline, which was the offer that Susana and Edward chose to accept “she mentioned that she had a multi-generational (多代同堂的) family. So for me, it was amazing,” said Susana. Carol shared the same excitement about being picked as the family they were spending the holiday with. “I said to her that I felt like I won the lottery (彩票) because she chose us and we got a chance to meet them,” said Carol. “She seemed so genuine (真诚的) in her reaching out, and I felt like we could respond and show her the good side of America.” Susana’s uneasiness (不安) about her new environment changed after this experience “After my post for Thanksgiving, it completely changed,” said Susana “People are kind and loving. So it changed my mind completely.” 1．How did Susana feel when she first arrived in America? A．Nervous. B．Homesick. C．Unimpressed. D．Uncomfortable. 2．What does the word “That” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The couple’s cultural embrace. B．The couple’s so eial connection. C．The couple’s continuing education. D．The couple’s neighborhood exploration. 3．What did Susana post on Nextdoor? A．An invitation. B．A concern. C．A request. D．An application. 4．What happened to Susana after her post? A．She got interested in Thanksgiving. B．She felt more positive about people. C．She stopped joining community activities. D．She became more anxious about Brookline. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·辽宁·月考）The simple act of blowing out birthday candles carries a rich history dating back thousands of years. The tradition dates back to ancient Greece, where people honored Artemis, goddess of the moon, with round honey cakes called “nouton-gonosupahon”. Historians like Marie Nicola suggest candlelight likely represented moonlight during lunar celebrations. “Fire represented the presence of gods across Indo-European cultures,” notes Nicola. The Romans later adopted these customs, adding candlelit cakes into birthday celebrations as their empire expanded. By the Middle Ages, Germans developed their own candle tradition through Kinderfest, a children’s festival. People believed children were vulnerable (易受伤害的) to bad spirits on their birthdays. Candles burned all day, their smoke carrying protective prayers heavenward. German writer Goethe’s 1799 account of his 52nd birthday cake with 50 candles marks one of the earliest documented uses matching modern practice. The 19th century saw the tradition develop quickly. Swiss records from 1881 describe cakes with candles representing each year of life-the first clear documentation of today’s celebration. Germans then brought the custom to America, where it gained new meaning: blowing out all candles in one breath ensured wishes come true. Mass production and media promoted the tradition worldwide. By the 1920s, numbered candle sets began to be sold, while Disney’s 1931 Mickey Mouse cartoon “The Birthday Party” cemented the image in popular culture. After World War II, the fixed practice spread globally, from Japan adopting it in the 1950s to Hallmark cards featuring candle imagery. What began as spiritual protection became a universal celebration of life-proving even ancient celebrations can develop into joyful traditions. As Nicola reflects, “That single breath blowing out candles still carries shadows of ancient prayers, now transformed into wishes for the future.” 1．What can be known about blowing out birthday candles in paragraph 1? A．It was related to belief. B．It stands for long life. C．It adds light to birthday. D．It came from Rome. 2．How is this text developed? A．By listing examples. B．By following time order. C．By listing events. D．By telling stories. 3．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “cemented” in paragraph 4? A．Copied. B．Suggested. C．Strengthened. D．Won. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．Customs Change over Time. B．Birthday Candles Represent Ages. C．Birthday Cakes Have a Long History. D．Blowing out Birthday Candles Is Ancient. Passage 5 （25-26高一上·江苏淮安·月考）Celebrate! Different countries have different celebrations on many special days. Let’s have a look at some from a website. Noodles In China, people often celebrate birthdays by eating with family or friends, and the last dish of the meal is always noodles. The noodles are long and thin. 1 You can’t cut them. In Chinese culture, long noodles mean you will have a long life. Business birthdays A business birthday shows that a company is successful. Many businesses in the USA celebrate important birthdays, like 10, 50 or 150 years. 2 Sometimes they make TV advertisements. It is a good chance to advertise the business. Name days As well as a birthday, many people in Southern Europe also celebrate their name day. 3 People have big parties and open their houses to anybody who wants to come. People bring small gifts, often flowers or a box of sweets. Islamic New Year In Muslim countries across the world, people celebrate Eid (开斋节). Eid means festival or celebration. During Eid, people visit family and friends, as well as people who are sick or in hospital. 4 Children receive toys, too. Children often wear special traditional clothes during the Eid celebrations. Piñatas In Mexico, children often get piñatas (彩罐) on their birthday. Their parents put chocolates and other sweets inside the piñata and hang it on a tree. Then the children hit the piñata with a stick (木棍). 5 A．You have to eat them in one piece of noodles. B．They go out for a meal to celebrate. C．Companies hold parties and send cards. D．They give presents, such as sweets and food. E．Then the piñata breaks and the sweets fall out on to the ground. F．This is one of the two important festivals in this country. G．In Greece, name days are more important than birthdays. Passage 6 （23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）British Harvest Festival is celebrated on or close to the Sunday of the Harvest Moon, which is the full moon that’s closest to the Autumn Equinox (秋分). 1 But it may also take place at the beginning of October in some years. This holiday is to celebrate the food that land has provided and to give thanks. The Harvest Festival can date back to the ancient Celts’ times when it was celebrated as the seasonal mid-point. 2 In Anglo-Saxon England, these traditions of the Harvest Festival continued. And during this time, it became a custom to “bless (祝福) the bread”, which would later become the tradition of giving thanks for a meal. 3 In this way, the Harvest Festival continue to develop over the next few hundred years until it became the holiday that it’s today. 4 Usually, people in Britain share a meal with friends and family and decorate homes. They also attend church, give food out to people in need, and sing songs. Some people make corn toys, which are expected to bring luck to next year’s harvest. Sometimes these toys are hung up on farm houses. Some British people are trying to return this holiday to some of its religious roots (宗教根源). However, most don’t have that attempt. 5 They also give thanks for the good luck they received all year long. A．Why is the Harvest Festival still celebrated? B．By the 1500s, many traditions had been put into this day. C．How do the British celebrate the Harvest Festival nowadays? D．Thus, this holiday usually falls around the end of September. E．In that way, it is much like the American holiday of Thanksgiving. F．They just see this holiday as a way to spend time with their family. G．During this time, people would harvest their crops and store food up for winter. Passage 7 （25-26高一上·安徽黄山·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Far and away the most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival, also 1 (know) as the Chinese New Year. The dates for this annual celebration 2 (decide) by the lunar calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies from late January 3 early February. To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar New Year’s Day 4 ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which 5 (normal) is called the Lantern Festival, 6 (mean) the official end of the Spring Festival in many parts of the country. “Guo Nian,” which means “passing the year,” is the common term among the Chinese people for celebrating the Spring Festival. It actually means 7 (greet) the new year. At midnight at the turn of the old and new year, people used to let off fire-crackers (爆竹) 8 serve to drive away the evil spirits and to greet the 9 (arrive) of the new year. On New Year’s Eve, all the members of families come together to enjoy a family meal. Jiaozi, 10 traditional dumpling, is popular in the north, while southerners prefer a sticky rice pudding called niangao. Passage 8 （25-26高一上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving 1 the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person 2 (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, 3 became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin 4 the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her 5 (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also 6 (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a 7 (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the 8 (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. 9 idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would 10 (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. Passage 9 （24-25高一下·广东汕尾·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Inti Raymi, often referred to as the “Festival of the Sun”, is a truly important traditional festival in Peru. The ancient city of Cusco 1 (come) alive with this celebration every year on June 24th, 2 shows the rich and unique culture of the Inca people. The Inca civilization (文明), existing from the 13th to the 16th century, held the sun in the highest regard. They believed that the sun was the creator of life, and the source of warmth and light. Therefore, Inti Raymi 3 (establish) to express their deep thanks to Inti. At 4 start of the festival, the “Inca king” makes a speech in the old Inca language and offers food to the sun. Then, there is a parade (游行). Dancers 5 traditional clothing lead the way, performing 6 (energy) dances that have been passed down through 7 (generation). Besides the parade, traditional sports games, music performances, and food fairs are also held 8 (celebrate) the festival. These folk activities not only add to the fun of the festival but also give visitors a chance to experience the Inca culture 9 (close). It also serves as a bridge, 10 (help) people from other countries learn about and admire the great Inca civilization. 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $