Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 品德与美德（话题阅读精练）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues品德与美德 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与自我”之“品德与美德” 主题词汇积累 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. virtue 美德；优点 3. moral 道德；品行 4. kindness 善良 5. honesty 诚实 6. bravery / courage 勇敢；勇气 7. patience 耐心 8. wisdom 智慧 9. determination 决心；毅力 10. responsibility 责任 11. duty 职责；义务 12. respect 尊重 13. pride 骄傲；自豪 14. modesty 谦虚 15. confidence 自信 16. sympathy 同情 17. warmth 温暖 18. generosity 慷慨 19. selflessness 无私 20. hardship 困难；苦难 21. sacrifice 牺牲 22. moral 道德的 23. virtuous 有美德的 24. honest 诚实的 25. kind 善良的 26. brave 勇敢的 27. patient 耐心的 28. wise 明智的 29. determined 坚定的；有决心的 30. responsible 负责任的 31. respectful 恭敬的；有礼貌的 32. modest 谦虚的 33. confident 自信的 34. generous 慷慨的 35. selfless 无私的 36. warm-hearted 热心的 37. hard-working 勤奋的 38. helpful 乐于助人的 39. positive 积极的 40. reliable 可靠的 41. devoted 忠诚的；全心全意的 42. respect 尊重 43. admire 钦佩；仰慕 44. praise 表扬 45. encourage 鼓励 46. support 支持 47. help / assist 帮助 48. serve 服务 49. devote 奉献 50. sacrifice 牺牲 51. behave 表现 52. regret 后悔 53. apologize 道歉 54. forgive 原谅 55. inspire 鼓舞；启发 56. influence 影响 时文拓展阅读 Honesty is widely considered the most valuable virtue and the foundation of good personality. A person who is honest wins trust, respect and friendship, while dishonesty may bring short-term benefits but finally leads to failure. A true story from a high school shows the importance of honesty. During an exam, a student found that he accidentally looked at someone else’s paper and got several answers right. Instead of feeling lucky, he felt worried and guilty. After thinking carefully, he decided to tell the truth to his teacher after class. The teacher was not angry but praised him highly for his courage and honesty. She said, “Admitting your mistake bravely shows your good morality. It is more important than any exam score.” The student later said this experience taught him that honesty is more valuable than any good grade. In modern society, honesty plays an important role in study, work and life. Whether we are answering questions, making friends or facing difficulties, being honest brings us peace of mind and real respect. As teenagers, we should understand that good virtues shape our future. Honesty, courage, selflessness and responsibility will help us grow into reliable and respectable people. We should always remember: a person with good morals is not only successful but also truly happy. 【译文欣赏】 诚实被公认为最珍贵的美德，也是健全人格的基石。诚实的人赢得信任、尊重与友谊；而不诚实或许能带来短期利益，最终却会走向失败。 一所中学里的真实故事，彰显了诚实的重要性。一次考试中，一名学生发现自己无意间看到了别人的试卷，做对了几道题。他没有感到庆幸，反而感到不安与愧疚。认真思考后，他决定下课后向老师说明真相。 老师没有生气，反而高度赞扬了他的勇气与诚实。她说：“勇于承认错误，体现了你高尚的品德。这比任何考试分数都更重要。” 这名学生后来说，这段经历让他明白：诚实比任何高分都更可贵。 在现代社会，诚实在学习、工作与生活中都扮演着重要角色。无论我们是回答问题、结交朋友还是面对困难，诚实都会带给我们内心的安宁与真正的尊重。 作为青少年，我们应该明白：优秀的品德塑造我们的未来。诚实、勇敢、无私与责任，会帮助我们成长为可靠、值得尊敬的人。我们要永远记住：一个拥有良好品德的人，不仅是成功的，更是真正幸福的。 【词汇积累】 1. 2. honesty 诚实 3. foundation 基础 4. personality 品格 5. trust 信任 6. guilty 愧疚的 7. admit 承认 8. morality 道德 9. reliable 可靠的 10. respectable 值得尊敬的 11. peace of mind 内心平静 高考真题链接 （2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题）The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ” “I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.” “It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.” There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” 1．What is the purpose of the project? A．To ensure harmony in care homes. B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C．To raise money for medical research. D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 2．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A．She has learned new life skills. B．She has gained a sense of achievement. C．She has recovered her memory. D．She has developed a strong personality. 3．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7? A．Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate. 4．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A．It is well received. B．It needs to be more creative. C．It is highly profitable. D．It takes ages to see the results. 句1（被动语态+目的状语） 原句：The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. 结构：① 主句（被动语态）：The project was dreamed up by a local charity（这个项目由当地慈善组织构想）；② 目的状语：to reduce...and improve...（表目的，体现慈善组织的善意） 翻译：这个项目是由当地一家慈善组织构想的，目的是减少老年人的孤独感，改善他们的身心健康。 句2（定语从句+同位语） 原句：It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. 结构：① 主句（被动语态）：It is also being used to help patients（它还被用于帮助患者）；② 现在分词作定语：suffering dementia（患有痴呆症的，修饰patients）；③ 同位语：a serious illness of the mind（解释dementia，避免生词理解障碍） 翻译：该项目还被用于帮助患有痴呆症（一种严重的脑部疾病）的患者。 句3（倒装句+定语从句） 原句：Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. 结构：① 倒装结构：Among those...is...（为了强调“参与项目的人之中”，正常语序为80-year-old Ruth Xavier is among those...）；② 现在分词作定语：taking part in the project（修饰those） 翻译：80岁的露丝·泽维尔是参与该项目的老人之一。 句4（定语从句+并列结构） 原句：Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” 结构：① 主语+同位语：Wendy Wilson + 两个同位语（extra care manager... 和 one of the first...，解释人物身份）；② 宾语从句：said 后面的直接引语，内含并列宾语（the idea...and the creative sessions） 翻译：彭福街60号养老院的额外护理经理温迪·威尔逊是首批参与该项目的人之一，她说：“居民们非常欢迎这个项目的理念和创意活动。” 1. charity n. 慈善组织；慈善事业（体现善良、奉献） 2. wellbeing n. 身心健康；幸福（关爱老人的核心目标） 3. care n. 照料；关爱 v. 照料；关心（体现责任与善意） 4. connect v. 联结；联系（关爱带来的情感联结） 5. useful adj. 有用的；有益的（付出带来的价值感，体现责任） 6. resident n. 居民（特指养老院老人） 7. loneliness n. 孤独；孤独感 8. dementia n. 痴呆症（高考高频生词） 9. reduction n. 减少；降低 10. financial adj. 财务的；资金的 11. roll out 推广；铺开（短语） 12. embark on 开始；着手（短语，高考高频） 13. session n. 活动场次；会议 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 佛蒙特大学学生志愿者在周日为无家可归者提供免费晚餐，用爱心行动温暖饥饿的人们，传递善良与社会责任。 Passage2 阅读理解 大学毕业生王雪茹参加 “西部计划” 到云南乡村支教，用真诚与关爱打动学生，收获温暖与信任，展现支教的意义。 Passage3 阅读理解 美国一科学博物馆获得大额公益捐款，用于改善教育项目、支持学生实践、举办科普展览，推动青少年科学教育。 Passage4 阅读理解 青年社区行动组织 YCA 招募高中生志愿者，开设科技辅导、环保、爱心包裹等项目，鼓励学生服务社区、提升自我。 Passage5 七选五 介绍志愿服务的多重好处：提升就业竞争力、拓展人脉、缓解压力、开阔视野、让人更快乐，实现个人与社会双赢。 Passage6 七选五 志愿服务不仅带来助人的温暖，还能让人学习新技能、改变人生方向、结交真诚朋友，促进个人全面成长。 Passage7 语法填空 志愿服务是多国传统文化的重要部分，既能帮助他人，也能提升志愿者责任感与能力，推动社会和谐。 Passage8 语法填空 记述动物学家珍・古道尔的生平，她毕生研究黑猩猩、保护自然，用行动证明每个人都能以微小力量带来改变。 Passage9 语法填空 美国多所公立学校将社区服务作为高中毕业条件，介绍学生参与志愿活动的情况及其对个人和社区的积极意义。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·湖南常德·期末）A group of student volunteers from the University of Vermont(UVM) are working busily in the kitchen. They are cutting vegetables, warming up donated pizza, cooking chicken, making peanut butter sandwiches, and putting bananas and drinks where people can easily get them. And a number of homeless people are waiting outside the Food Shelf. Six nights a week, the Salvation Army makes dinner for the hungry. But on Sunday, the Army’s day of rest, the UVM kids take over and make sure that anyone who’s hungry gets fed. This year the program is headed by a tall, blonde chemistry major. At age 22, senior Carly Hodgins has been a part of this group for four years and is a masterful organizer. “Time to open up!” Carly yells. The door swings open. Men and women who’ve been waiting outside silently walk into the building. Ten steps inside the door each man or woman picks up a waiting plate and the students start piling it with food. Every person gets a portion (一份) of meat, vegetables, salad, potatoes, and pizza. Carly stands at the end of the food line and offers drinks. “Apple juice?” she asks, looking straight into the eyes of each diner. “Orange juice?” Her smile is a flash of sunshine. I remember words buried long ago in my heart: “I am hungry and you give me food. I am thirsty and you give me something to drink. I am a stranger and you welcome me.” When the last meal has been served and the last diner has gone back into the darkness, I wipe down a steel table in the kitchen and think about what these kids have done. Tonight, no one in Burlington will go hungry. 1．What is the UVM student volunteers' duty? A．To make dinner for the hungry on Sunday. B．To help the Salvation Army make dinner. C．To make sure the hungry get fed every day. D．To make dinner for the hungry six nights a week. 2．How do the people get their food? A．They help themselves to it. B．They wait at the door to get it. C．They get it at the end of the food line. D．They let the students put it on their plates. 3．What does the author mean in Paragraph 3? A．Staying out of trouble. B．Enjoying good things in life. C．Helping a person in trouble. D．Seeking help when in trouble. 4．What does the underlined word “diner” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A person eating a meal. B．A person preparing a meal. C．A person serving a meal. D．A person waiting for a meal. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西萍乡·期末）As Wang Xueru packed her bag, sharp cramps twisting (绞痛) her stomach, a student silently approached. The girl placed a folded note and a warm heat patch into her hand. Wang unfolded the paper: “If the sky is cloudy, I will be your sunshine.” In that instant, the plain classroom walls of Mengla No. 1 High School in rural Yunnan seemed to glow. The stomach pain and daily weariness didn’t vanish completely, but something warmer — a pure shared kindness between them — rose to ease her discomfort. This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there. Wang, 22, graduated from Beijing’s University of International Business and Economics with Chinese literature and international economies degrees. Her true passion was service. Guided by her. Motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot. Far from her coastal hometown Quanzhou, Wang teaches in mountainous Mengla County. Her classroom holds not just textbooks and knowledge, but deep trust with students. The student’s note was more than physical comfort; it reflected the sincere connection built through daily interactions. “People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.” Wang knows her role transcends (超越) academics. In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time. This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful. 1．Which word can best describe Wang’s volunteering experience? A．Fruitful. B．Stressful. C．Challenging. D．Competitive. 2．What made Wang qualified for the “Go West” Program? A．She came from a coastal developed city. B．She graduated from a famous university. C．She was good at Chinese and economics. D．She had rich volunteer service experience. 3．What does Wang discover about rural teaching? A．It only requires giving lessons. B．It is less challenging than city teaching. C．It focuses on academic performance only. D．It needs mutual understanding and sincerity. 4．How does Wang’s work influence the rural students? A．It cultivates hope in their hearts. B．It improves their physical health. C．It makes them forget life’s hardships. D．It helps them get into top universities. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·河北·期末）CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. The Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund, a new project started by the North Valley Community Foundation, continues the legacy of the Chico Science Fair. Although the traditional fair is no longer funded, the commitment to local youth science education remains strong. “We are a volunteer-run organization and have been working with a very small team for some time,” said Hilary Hassenzahl, former co-director. “This move under the North Valley Community Foundation honors the rich legacy by allowing available yearly funds to have the greatest positive impact to continue our ongoing mission to foster the love and understanding of science.” Hassenzahl continued, “We are excited about the programs that the Gateway Science Museum will be able to bring to our community.” “As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners,” said Gateway Executive Director Adrienne McGraw. “We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students.” For more information about the Gateway Science Museum, its exhibits, and educational programs, please visit the Gateway Science Museum website. 1．The donation will be used for the following purposes except _________. A．covering poor schools’ field trip transport B．supporting students’ museum hands-on learning C．funding the decoration of the museum D．finance “Motion Mania” exhibit 2．What can be inferred from what Adrienne McGraw said? A．McGraw sees Chico Science Fair as a competitor. B．McGraw aims to carry forward the museum’s original goals. C．McGraw plans to rebuild the museum with donated funds. D．McGraw thinks the museum’s original intentions outdated. 3．What does the underlined word “stewarding” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Managing responsibly. B．Making financial profit from. C．Giving out immediately. D．Donating to other organizations. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A school poster. D．A tourist brochure. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·河北邢台·期末）Join Youth Community Action （YCA）: Make a Difference Today Are you a high school student looking for a meaningful way to spend your free time? Youth Community Action invites you to join our team of young volunteers devoted to creating lasting change and empowering our communities. We believe that volunteering is not just about giving back; it’s about personal growth, learning new skills, and connecting with people from different backgrounds. Explore our current projects and find the perfect fit for you: Tech Tutors In today’s digital world, many senior citizens feel left behind. As a Tech tutor, you will be paired with an older adult in your community to help them with technology. Your responsibilities will include teaching them how to use smartphones, set up email accounts, and connect with their families online. Patience and clear communication are key. Green Thumbs Brigade Do you have a passion for the environment? Join our Green Thumbs Brigade and get your hands dirty! We work with local parks to support community gardens. Activities include planting native flowers to support local wildlife, removing weeds, and helping to maintain clean and beautiful public green spaces for everyone to enjoy. Creative Care Kits This project focuses on providing support to local homeless shelters. Volunteers will assemble “First Night Kits” filled with essential hygiene (卫生)items like soap, toothpaste, and shampoo. You’ll also have the chance to decorate the bags and write kind, anonymous notes to bring a smile to someone going through a difficult period. Ready to get involved? Visit our website at www.youthcommunityaction.org to fill out a simple online application. It takes less than 10 minutes! A member of our team will contact you for a brief conversation to match you with a role that you will find both meaningful and enjoyable. 1．What is the aim of YCA? A．To raise funds for green projects. B．To offer paid jobs to young people. C．To deal with community problems. D．To encourage students to volunteer. 2．What is a Tech tutor expected to do? A．Read storybooks to older adults. B．Plant flowers in community parks. C．Help seniors with phones and email. D．Teach seniors to connect with families. 3．Who are “First Night Kits” intended for? A．Local hospital patients. B．Homeless residents. C．Community workers. D．Park gardeners. Passage 5 （25-26高一上·广西崇左·期末）Why You Should Volunteer Volunteering not only helps your community but also helps you. It brings you many unexpected benefits. Make More Money People who volunteer often earn more money. Volunteering helps you learn new skills, such as working with others, solving problems, and taking responsibility. These skills make you more useful to your employer, so you may get a better job in the future. 1 . Get a Job A study found that people who volunteer are more likely to get jobs, because it shows that you are reliable, friendly and active. 2 . These people can tell you about job chances or recommend you when you apply for a position. In this way, volunteering builds both your skills and your social connections. Have More Time 3 . However, helping others can make you feel you have more time. A study showed that people who gave their time felt less pressure and more relaxed. When you use your time to help others, you also feel more satisfied and happier with your own life. Be Engaged (融入) Many companies now support volunteering. 4 . When companies give workers a chance to volunteer, employees feel more connected, prouder and happier with their jobs and leaders. They are also more willing to recommend their company to others. Be Happy 5 . Many people feel stressed or sad and think life is closing in. But helping others can open your mind. You meet new people, help your community, and feel proud of making a difference. In the end, volunteering is good for both your heart and your future. A．It may sound a little strange B．All of this helps you become stronger in body C．And volunteering helps you meet more people D．Volunteering helps you see the world in a wider way E．When you volunteer, employers will also view you positively F．In 18 countries, the number of employee volunteers has grown by 57% G．Volunteering also gives you a real experience that helps you get a pay rise Passage 6 （25-26高一上·四川·期中）When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone. 1 As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things for everything to work. It means that there are some other surprising benefits for volunteers. Volunteering teaches you new skills. From helping make websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges. 2 Volunteering teaches you what truly matters. It’s a great way to see life differently. When you’ve been at it for a while, you might start to think differently about what advantages you have. 3 One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching. 4 Maybe it is not surprising, but what might surprise you is how sincere these friends are. Some of my long-term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not that kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a broad network. 5 Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skills as well. You meet a wide variety of people who don’t have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks in life. You learn to know what you are to do. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for? A．Volunteering helps you make new friends. B．Volunteering helps you improve social skills. C．It helps you look outside yourself and your problems. D．However, as it turns out, that’s far from the only benefit. E．You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life. F．Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow. G．Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills. Passage 7 （25-26高一上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering has been a vital part of 1 (tradition) culture in many countries, deeply rooted in the belief of helping others. It is an activity of great inspiration, as it not only brings practical support to those in need but also allows people to grow 2 (personal). Many volunteers are particular 3 their work, always trying to improve the quality of service by 4 (listen) carefully to feedback and adjusting their methods. They are aware of the challenges but never give up easily. 5 (establish) in 2022, a volunteer organization recently called for more people to join in. It offers a 6 (vary) of meaningful activities, from helping the elderly with daily tasks to protecting the environment. What’s important is that all activities are carried out legally. By participating in these activities, volunteers can 7 (strength) their sense of responsibility and learn valuable skills. Anyone 8 is willing to contribute can become a volunteer, making 9 positive difference to society. It is commonly acknowledged that the selfless devotion of volunteers helps promote social harmony. It is 10 (they) efforts that always inspire more people to contribute to the community. Passage 8 （25-26高一上·河南南阳·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, the British zoologist 1 life was devoted to listening to the voices of animals and teaching humans to live in balance with nature, passed away on October 1, 2025, at the age of 91. Goodall was born in London in 1934. As a child, she once disappeared for hours, hiding in a chicken coop 2 (observe) how a hen laid its egg. She later called the experience “ 3 start of my scientific journey.” At 26, she travelled to the forests of Tanzania. Alone 4 a notebook and telescopes (望远镜), she began observing chimpanzees (黑猩猩). She soon made a 5 (significance) discovery: apart from humans, chimpanzees also make and use tools. In 2018, Goodall appeared on the popular CCTV program The Reader. One year later, she spoke about the challenges of returning pandas to the wild, 6 stressed that habitat protection is the key in Chengdu. In late 2024, Goodall visited China for the 17th time and participated in ten public 7 (event) in just five days. Crowds of young people surrounded her, eager for a word or a photograph. Today, on Chinese social media, millions gathered to remember her, with topics like “My memories of Jane Goodall” trending 8 (wide). One fan wrote, “Her very 9 (exist) inspired me to believe in the power of small actions. Everyone on this planet 10 (matter), and everyone can make a difference.” Passage 9 （25-26高一上·四川绵阳·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more public schools in America make it a rule that students must finish a certain amount of community service 1 they are allowed to graduate from high school. They work on projects like making the environment better or 2 (feed) homeless people. Many school systems in the United States now ask students 3 (do) some kinds of community service as part of their studies. Students involved in service projects help 4 (they) as well as their communities. They learn about the needs of people and aid 5 (organize). For this reason, holidays 6 (become) the prime period for volunteer work so far. Volunteers get no pay, but experts point out that it is 7 excellent opportunity to learn and practice new skills. According to the statistics, more than 60% of young Americans have taken part 8 various community service, such as cooking for homeless people, or painting old buildings, etc. Some students like to do their volunteer work in 9 (centre) parts of America, but the majority of teens prefer to do it in their hometowns. Tom, a 16-year-old middle school student in California, often does community service in a local hospital. He 10 (work) 16 hours every week either receiving calls at the information desk, or helping push patients back to their wards. 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Morals and Virtues品德与美德 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与自我”之“品德与美德” 主题词汇积累 1. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. virtue 美德；优点 3. moral 道德；品行 4. kindness 善良 5. honesty 诚实 6. bravery / courage 勇敢；勇气 7. patience 耐心 8. wisdom 智慧 9. determination 决心；毅力 10. responsibility 责任 11. duty 职责；义务 12. respect 尊重 13. pride 骄傲；自豪 14. modesty 谦虚 15. confidence 自信 16. sympathy 同情 17. warmth 温暖 18. generosity 慷慨 19. selflessness 无私 20. hardship 困难；苦难 21. sacrifice 牺牲 22. moral 道德的 23. virtuous 有美德的 24. honest 诚实的 25. kind 善良的 26. brave 勇敢的 27. patient 耐心的 28. wise 明智的 29. determined 坚定的；有决心的 30. responsible 负责任的 31. respectful 恭敬的；有礼貌的 32. modest 谦虚的 33. confident 自信的 34. generous 慷慨的 35. selfless 无私的 36. warm-hearted 热心的 37. hard-working 勤奋的 38. helpful 乐于助人的 39. positive 积极的 40. reliable 可靠的 41. devoted 忠诚的；全心全意的 42. respect 尊重 43. admire 钦佩；仰慕 44. praise 表扬 45. encourage 鼓励 46. support 支持 47. help / assist 帮助 48. serve 服务 49. devote 奉献 50. sacrifice 牺牲 51. behave 表现 52. regret 后悔 53. apologize 道歉 54. forgive 原谅 55. inspire 鼓舞；启发 56. influence 影响 时文拓展阅读 Honesty is widely considered the most valuable virtue and the foundation of good personality. A person who is honest wins trust, respect and friendship, while dishonesty may bring short-term benefits but finally leads to failure. A true story from a high school shows the importance of honesty. During an exam, a student found that he accidentally looked at someone else’s paper and got several answers right. Instead of feeling lucky, he felt worried and guilty. After thinking carefully, he decided to tell the truth to his teacher after class. The teacher was not angry but praised him highly for his courage and honesty. She said, “Admitting your mistake bravely shows your good morality. It is more important than any exam score.” The student later said this experience taught him that honesty is more valuable than any good grade. In modern society, honesty plays an important role in study, work and life. Whether we are answering questions, making friends or facing difficulties, being honest brings us peace of mind and real respect. As teenagers, we should understand that good virtues shape our future. Honesty, courage, selflessness and responsibility will help us grow into reliable and respectable people. We should always remember: a person with good morals is not only successful but also truly happy. 【译文欣赏】 诚实被公认为最珍贵的美德，也是健全人格的基石。诚实的人赢得信任、尊重与友谊；而不诚实或许能带来短期利益，最终却会走向失败。 一所中学里的真实故事，彰显了诚实的重要性。一次考试中，一名学生发现自己无意间看到了别人的试卷，做对了几道题。他没有感到庆幸，反而感到不安与愧疚。认真思考后，他决定下课后向老师说明真相。 老师没有生气，反而高度赞扬了他的勇气与诚实。她说：“勇于承认错误，体现了你高尚的品德。这比任何考试分数都更重要。” 这名学生后来说，这段经历让他明白：诚实比任何高分都更可贵。 在现代社会，诚实在学习、工作与生活中都扮演着重要角色。无论我们是回答问题、结交朋友还是面对困难，诚实都会带给我们内心的安宁与真正的尊重。 作为青少年，我们应该明白：优秀的品德塑造我们的未来。诚实、勇敢、无私与责任，会帮助我们成长为可靠、值得尊敬的人。我们要永远记住：一个拥有良好品德的人，不仅是成功的，更是真正幸福的。 【词汇积累】 1. 2. honesty 诚实 3. foundation 基础 4. personality 品格 5. trust 信任 6. guilty 愧疚的 7. admit 承认 8. morality 道德 9. reliable 可靠的 10. respectable 值得尊敬的 11. peace of mind 内心平静 高考真题链接 （2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·高考真题）The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ” “I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.” “It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.” There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” 1．What is the purpose of the project? A．To ensure harmony in care homes. B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C．To raise money for medical research. D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 2．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A．She has learned new life skills. B．She has gained a sense of achievement. C．She has recovered her memory. D．She has developed a strong personality. 3．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7? A．Improve. B．Oppose. C．Begin. D．Evaluate. 4．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A．It is well received. B．It needs to be more creative. C．It is highly profitable. D．It takes ages to see the results. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing (该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况。)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了减少孤独和提高老年人的幸福感。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段““It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.” (有不同的关注点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。)”可知，Ruth Xavier很享受做这些事，她觉得自己在做有用的事，这能够给她来良好的感觉，因此可知通过该项目她获得了一种成就感。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” (彭福街60号的额外护理经理Wendy Wilson是第一批参与该项目的人之一，她说：“居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。”)”可知，Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，也是做这个项目的创始人之一，因此可知，画线处embark on意为“开始着手做某事”，与C项“Begin (开始)”含义相近。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” (“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩·刘易斯说：“我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来。”)”可知，该项目得到了居民们的认可，大家很欢迎这个项目，而且这个项目将会带来一些好处，因此可知这个项目的反响很好，很受欢迎。故选A项。 句1（被动语态+目的状语） 原句：The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. 结构：① 主句（被动语态）：The project was dreamed up by a local charity（这个项目由当地慈善组织构想）；② 目的状语：to reduce...and improve...（表目的，体现慈善组织的善意） 翻译：这个项目是由当地一家慈善组织构想的，目的是减少老年人的孤独感，改善他们的身心健康。 句2（定语从句+同位语） 原句：It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. 结构：① 主句（被动语态）：It is also being used to help patients（它还被用于帮助患者）；② 现在分词作定语：suffering dementia（患有痴呆症的，修饰patients）；③ 同位语：a serious illness of the mind（解释dementia，避免生词理解障碍） 翻译：该项目还被用于帮助患有痴呆症（一种严重的脑部疾病）的患者。 句3（倒装句+定语从句） 原句：Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. 结构：① 倒装结构：Among those...is...（为了强调“参与项目的人之中”，正常语序为80-year-old Ruth Xavier is among those...）；② 现在分词作定语：taking part in the project（修饰those） 翻译：80岁的露丝·泽维尔是参与该项目的老人之一。 句4（定语从句+并列结构） 原句：Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” 结构：① 主语+同位语：Wendy Wilson + 两个同位语（extra care manager... 和 one of the first...，解释人物身份）；② 宾语从句：said 后面的直接引语，内含并列宾语（the idea...and the creative sessions） 翻译：彭福街60号养老院的额外护理经理温迪·威尔逊是首批参与该项目的人之一，她说：“居民们非常欢迎这个项目的理念和创意活动。” 1. charity n. 慈善组织；慈善事业（体现善良、奉献） 2. wellbeing n. 身心健康；幸福（关爱老人的核心目标） 3. care n. 照料；关爱 v. 照料；关心（体现责任与善意） 4. connect v. 联结；联系（关爱带来的情感联结） 5. useful adj. 有用的；有益的（付出带来的价值感，体现责任） 6. resident n. 居民（特指养老院老人） 7. loneliness n. 孤独；孤独感 8. dementia n. 痴呆症（高考高频生词） 9. reduction n. 减少；降低 10. financial adj. 财务的；资金的 11. roll out 推广；铺开（短语） 12. embark on 开始；着手（短语，高考高频） 13. session n. 活动场次；会议 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 佛蒙特大学学生志愿者在周日为无家可归者提供免费晚餐，用爱心行动温暖饥饿的人们，传递善良与社会责任。 Passage2 阅读理解 大学毕业生王雪茹参加 “西部计划” 到云南乡村支教，用真诚与关爱打动学生，收获温暖与信任，展现支教的意义。 Passage3 阅读理解 美国一科学博物馆获得大额公益捐款，用于改善教育项目、支持学生实践、举办科普展览，推动青少年科学教育。 Passage4 阅读理解 青年社区行动组织 YCA 招募高中生志愿者，开设科技辅导、环保、爱心包裹等项目，鼓励学生服务社区、提升自我。 Passage5 七选五 介绍志愿服务的多重好处：提升就业竞争力、拓展人脉、缓解压力、开阔视野、让人更快乐，实现个人与社会双赢。 Passage6 七选五 志愿服务不仅带来助人的温暖，还能让人学习新技能、改变人生方向、结交真诚朋友，促进个人全面成长。 Passage7 语法填空 志愿服务是多国传统文化的重要部分，既能帮助他人，也能提升志愿者责任感与能力，推动社会和谐。 Passage8 语法填空 记述动物学家珍・古道尔的生平，她毕生研究黑猩猩、保护自然，用行动证明每个人都能以微小力量带来改变。 Passage9 语法填空 美国多所公立学校将社区服务作为高中毕业条件，介绍学生参与志愿活动的情况及其对个人和社区的积极意义。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·湖南常德·期末）A group of student volunteers from the University of Vermont(UVM) are working busily in the kitchen. They are cutting vegetables, warming up donated pizza, cooking chicken, making peanut butter sandwiches, and putting bananas and drinks where people can easily get them. And a number of homeless people are waiting outside the Food Shelf. Six nights a week, the Salvation Army makes dinner for the hungry. But on Sunday, the Army’s day of rest, the UVM kids take over and make sure that anyone who’s hungry gets fed. This year the program is headed by a tall, blonde chemistry major. At age 22, senior Carly Hodgins has been a part of this group for four years and is a masterful organizer. “Time to open up!” Carly yells. The door swings open. Men and women who’ve been waiting outside silently walk into the building. Ten steps inside the door each man or woman picks up a waiting plate and the students start piling it with food. Every person gets a portion (一份) of meat, vegetables, salad, potatoes, and pizza. Carly stands at the end of the food line and offers drinks. “Apple juice?” she asks, looking straight into the eyes of each diner. “Orange juice?” Her smile is a flash of sunshine. I remember words buried long ago in my heart: “I am hungry and you give me food. I am thirsty and you give me something to drink. I am a stranger and you welcome me.” When the last meal has been served and the last diner has gone back into the darkness, I wipe down a steel table in the kitchen and think about what these kids have done. Tonight, no one in Burlington will go hungry. 1．What is the UVM student volunteers' duty? A．To make dinner for the hungry on Sunday. B．To help the Salvation Army make dinner. C．To make sure the hungry get fed every day. D．To make dinner for the hungry six nights a week. 2．How do the people get their food? A．They help themselves to it. B．They wait at the door to get it. C．They get it at the end of the food line. D．They let the students put it on their plates. 3．What does the author mean in Paragraph 3? A．Staying out of trouble. B．Enjoying good things in life. C．Helping a person in trouble. D．Seeking help when in trouble. 4．What does the underlined word “diner” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A person eating a meal. B．A person preparing a meal. C．A person serving a meal. D．A person waiting for a meal. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述佛蒙特大学学生志愿者周日为无家可归者提供食物的爱心善举。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But on Sunday, the Army’s day of rest, the UVM kids take over and make sure that anyone who's hungry gets fed.(但是在周日，救世军休息的日子，佛蒙特大学的孩子们接手，确保每个饥饿的人都能得到食物)”可知，学生志愿者的职责是在周日为饥饿的人准备晚餐。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Ten steps inside the door each man or woman picks up a waiting plate and the students start piling it with food.(进门十步，每个人拿起早已准备好的盘子，学生们开始往盘子里装满食物)”可知，饥饿的人们由学生把食物放到他们的盘子里。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第七段中的“I am hungry and you give me food. I am thirsty and you give me something to drink. I am a stranger and you welcome me.(我饿了，你给我食物；我渴了，你给我水喝；我是陌生人，你接纳了我)”可知，作者引用这句话是为了他们帮助了困境中的人们。故选C项。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“When the last meal has been served and the last diner has gone back into the darkness, I wipe down a steel table in the kitchen and think about what these kids have done.(当最后一餐被端上，最后一位diner消失在夜色中，我便擦拭着厨房里的那张铁质餐桌，并思考着这些孩子所做的一切)”可知，蒙特大学学生志愿者周日为无家可归者提供食物，所以diner 指的是“前来吃饭的人”。故选A项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西萍乡·期末）As Wang Xueru packed her bag, sharp cramps twisting (绞痛) her stomach, a student silently approached. The girl placed a folded note and a warm heat patch into her hand. Wang unfolded the paper: “If the sky is cloudy, I will be your sunshine.” In that instant, the plain classroom walls of Mengla No. 1 High School in rural Yunnan seemed to glow. The stomach pain and daily weariness didn’t vanish completely, but something warmer — a pure shared kindness between them — rose to ease her discomfort. This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there. Wang, 22, graduated from Beijing’s University of International Business and Economics with Chinese literature and international economies degrees. Her true passion was service. Guided by her. Motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot. Far from her coastal hometown Quanzhou, Wang teaches in mountainous Mengla County. Her classroom holds not just textbooks and knowledge, but deep trust with students. The student’s note was more than physical comfort; it reflected the sincere connection built through daily interactions. “People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.” Wang knows her role transcends (超越) academics. In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time. This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful. 1．Which word can best describe Wang’s volunteering experience? A．Fruitful. B．Stressful. C．Challenging. D．Competitive. 2．What made Wang qualified for the “Go West” Program? A．She came from a coastal developed city. B．She graduated from a famous university. C．She was good at Chinese and economics. D．She had rich volunteer service experience. 3．What does Wang discover about rural teaching? A．It only requires giving lessons. B．It is less challenging than city teaching. C．It focuses on academic performance only. D．It needs mutual understanding and sincerity. 4．How does Wang’s work influence the rural students? A．It cultivates hope in their hearts. B．It improves their physical health. C．It makes them forget life’s hardships. D．It helps them get into top universities. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了王雪茹（音译）参与“西部计划”，在云南孟腊乡村支教的经历，以及她与学生之间的温暖互动和支教的深刻意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there.(这个安静而感人的瞬间，完美诠释了王雪茹在那里作为支教老师的意义非凡的一年)”和最后一段中的“This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful.(这种相互的温暖和信任照亮了他们的道路，使她的支教之旅真正珍贵而有意义)”可知，王雪茹的支教经历是有意义、有收获的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Guided by her motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot.(在“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”的座右铭指引下，她带领校园志愿者团队，发起了在线扫盲项目。在申请竞争激烈的“西部计划”（每年从50名申请者中选出21人）时，她的这些经历帮助她获得了一个名额)”可知，王雪茹拥有丰富的志愿服务经历，这让她有资格参与“西部计划”。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的““People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.”(“人们可能认为乡村教学只是上课，”王雪茹说。“但不止如此——即使在困难中也要出现，关心他们的挣扎，让他们看到你的努力。那张纸条？是我先给予的阳光，现在它回来了。”)”以及前文提到的学生送纸条和暖宝宝的温暖互动可知，王雪茹发现乡村教学不仅是上课，还需要彼此的理解和真诚。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time.(在孟腊，她在学生心中播下希望的种子——一次一片暖宝宝，一句安静而温暖的话语)”可知，王雪茹的工作在学生心中培养了希望。故选A项。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·河北·期末）CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. The Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund, a new project started by the North Valley Community Foundation, continues the legacy of the Chico Science Fair. Although the traditional fair is no longer funded, the commitment to local youth science education remains strong. “We are a volunteer-run organization and have been working with a very small team for some time,” said Hilary Hassenzahl, former co-director. “This move under the North Valley Community Foundation honors the rich legacy by allowing available yearly funds to have the greatest positive impact to continue our ongoing mission to foster the love and understanding of science.” Hassenzahl continued, “We are excited about the programs that the Gateway Science Museum will be able to bring to our community.” “As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners,” said Gateway Executive Director Adrienne McGraw. “We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students.” For more information about the Gateway Science Museum, its exhibits, and educational programs, please visit the Gateway Science Museum website. 1．The donation will be used for the following purposes except _________. A．covering poor schools’ field trip transport B．supporting students’ museum hands-on learning C．funding the decoration of the museum D．finance “Motion Mania” exhibit 2．What can be inferred from what Adrienne McGraw said? A．McGraw sees Chico Science Fair as a competitor. B．McGraw aims to carry forward the museum’s original goals. C．McGraw plans to rebuild the museum with donated funds. D．McGraw thinks the museum’s original intentions outdated. 3．What does the underlined word “stewarding” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Managing responsibly. B．Making financial profit from. C．Giving out immediately. D．Donating to other organizations. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A school poster. D．A tourist brochure. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了奇科州立大学Gateway科学博物馆获得了一笔大额捐赠，该捐赠将用于改善博物馆的教育项目和展览，以及支持相关学生活动。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. (这笔资金总额为37202美元，为期两年，旨在改善博物馆为K-12学生和公众提供的教育项目和展览，包括为巴特县服务不足的学校提供实地考察奖学金和交通费。这些资金还将帮助奇科州立大学的学生，他们领导博物馆的实践、沉浸式学习体验。这笔捐款还将用于支付2026年春季展览“Motion Mania”的费用，该展览将探索过山车的物理原理。)”可知，捐赠资金将用于改善教育项目和展览、提供实地考察奖学金和交通费、支持学生的实践学习体验以及支付特定展览的费用，没有提到用于博物馆的装饰。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段中“We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students. (我们很高兴通过提高学生的科学素养来尊重奇科科学博览会创始人和支持者的初衷。)”可知，Adrienne McGraw的话表明她致力于延续博物馆的初衷，即提高学生的科学素养。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners (随着我们与儿童科学教育捐赠基金的合作关系不断发展，我们仍然致力于以一种改善和扩大地区学生和终身学习者科学教育的方式来stewarding这些资金)”可知，此处是描述使用这笔资金的方式，指“管理”这些资金，结合选项可知，A项“Managing responsibly. (负责任地管理)”解释了该词的含义。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. (加利福尼亚州奇科——奇科州立大学的Gateway科学博物馆通过北谷社区基金会从儿童科学教育捐赠基金获得了一笔大额捐赠。)”以及全文内容可知，本文报道了奇科州立大学Gateway科学博物馆获得捐赠的新闻，因此最可能来源于报纸。故选A项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·河北邢台·期末）Join Youth Community Action （YCA）: Make a Difference Today Are you a high school student looking for a meaningful way to spend your free time? Youth Community Action invites you to join our team of young volunteers devoted to creating lasting change and empowering our communities. We believe that volunteering is not just about giving back; it’s about personal growth, learning new skills, and connecting with people from different backgrounds. Explore our current projects and find the perfect fit for you: Tech Tutors In today’s digital world, many senior citizens feel left behind. As a Tech tutor, you will be paired with an older adult in your community to help them with technology. Your responsibilities will include teaching them how to use smartphones, set up email accounts, and connect with their families online. Patience and clear communication are key. Green Thumbs Brigade Do you have a passion for the environment? Join our Green Thumbs Brigade and get your hands dirty! We work with local parks to support community gardens. Activities include planting native flowers to support local wildlife, removing weeds, and helping to maintain clean and beautiful public green spaces for everyone to enjoy. Creative Care Kits This project focuses on providing support to local homeless shelters. Volunteers will assemble “First Night Kits” filled with essential hygiene (卫生)items like soap, toothpaste, and shampoo. You’ll also have the chance to decorate the bags and write kind, anonymous notes to bring a smile to someone going through a difficult period. Ready to get involved? Visit our website at www.youthcommunityaction.org to fill out a simple online application. It takes less than 10 minutes! A member of our team will contact you for a brief conversation to match you with a role that you will find both meaningful and enjoyable. 1．What is the aim of YCA? A．To raise funds for green projects. B．To offer paid jobs to young people. C．To deal with community problems. D．To encourage students to volunteer. 2．What is a Tech tutor expected to do? A．Read storybooks to older adults. B．Plant flowers in community parks. C．Help seniors with phones and email. D．Teach seniors to connect with families. 3．Who are “First Night Kits” intended for? A．Local hospital patients. B．Homeless residents. C．Community workers. D．Park gardeners. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍青年社区行动（YCA）招募高中生志愿者，介绍其宗旨及三个志愿项目的具体内容和报名方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Youth Community Action invites you to join our team of young volunteers devoted to creating lasting change and empowering our communities. We believe that volunteering is not just about giving back; it’s about personal growth, learning new skills, and connecting with people from different backgrounds.(青年社区行动邀请你加入我们的青年志愿者团队，致力于创造持久的变革，增强社区的力量。我们相信，志愿服务不仅仅是回馈社会；它还关乎个人成长、学习新技能以及与不同背景的人建立联系)”可知，YCA的目的是招募高中生成为志愿者，鼓励学生参与志愿服务。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Tech Tutors部分中的“As a Tech tutor, you will be paired with an older adult in your community to help them with technology. Your responsibilities will include teaching them how to use smartphones, set up email accounts, and connect with their families online.(作为一名技术导师，你将与社区中的一位老年人配对，帮助他们使用技术。你的职责包括教他们如何使用智能手机、创建电子邮件账户以及在线与家人联系)”可知，技术导师需要帮助老年人使用手机和电子邮件。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据Creative Care Kits部分中的“This project focuses on providing support to local homeless shelters. Volunteers will assemble “First Night Kits” filled with essential hygiene (卫生)items like soap, toothpaste, and shampoo.(该项目致力于为当地的无家可归者收容所提供支持。志愿者将组装“第一晚套装”，里面装满肥皂、牙膏和洗发水等基本卫生用品)”可知，“第一晚套装”是为无家可归者准备的。故选B项。 Passage 5 （25-26高一上·广西崇左·期末）Why You Should Volunteer Volunteering not only helps your community but also helps you. It brings you many unexpected benefits. Make More Money People who volunteer often earn more money. Volunteering helps you learn new skills, such as working with others, solving problems, and taking responsibility. These skills make you more useful to your employer, so you may get a better job in the future. 1 . Get a Job A study found that people who volunteer are more likely to get jobs, because it shows that you are reliable, friendly and active. 2 . These people can tell you about job chances or recommend you when you apply for a position. In this way, volunteering builds both your skills and your social connections. Have More Time 3 . However, helping others can make you feel you have more time. A study showed that people who gave their time felt less pressure and more relaxed. When you use your time to help others, you also feel more satisfied and happier with your own life. Be Engaged (融入) Many companies now support volunteering. 4 . When companies give workers a chance to volunteer, employees feel more connected, prouder and happier with their jobs and leaders. They are also more willing to recommend their company to others. Be Happy 5 . Many people feel stressed or sad and think life is closing in. But helping others can open your mind. You meet new people, help your community, and feel proud of making a difference. In the end, volunteering is good for both your heart and your future. A．It may sound a little strange B．All of this helps you become stronger in body C．And volunteering helps you meet more people D．Volunteering helps you see the world in a wider way E．When you volunteer, employers will also view you positively F．In 18 countries, the number of employee volunteers has grown by 57% G．Volunteering also gives you a real experience that helps you get a pay rise 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿服务的多重益处，包括赚更多钱、就业、拥有更多时间、工作更投入、变幸福等。 1．本段小标题是“Make More Money (赚更多钱)”，前文“Volunteering helps you learn new skills, such as working with others, solving problems, and taking responsibility. These skills make you more useful to your employer, so you may get a better job in the future. (志愿服务能帮助你学习新的技能，比如与他人合作、解决问题以及承担责任。这些技能会让你对雇主更有价值，因此你未来可能会获得一份更好的工作。)”指出志愿服务通过提升技能帮助你获得更好的工作，因此G项“Volunteering also gives you a real experience that helps you get a pay rise (志愿服务还能为你提供有助于加薪的实际经验)”符合语境，从加薪的角度给出另一收获，和前文获得更好工作共同支撑小标题。故选G。 2．前文“A study found that people who volunteer are more likely to get jobs, because it shows that you are reliable, friendly and active. (一项研究发现，经常参与志愿服务的人更有可能找到工作，因为这表明他们可靠、友善且积极向上。)”指出志愿服务能展示个人优秀品质，后文“These people can tell you about job chances or recommend you when you apply for a position. (这些人可以向你介绍工作机会，并在你申请职位时为你提供推荐。)”涉及“这些人”，指出他们对找工作的助力，因此C项“And volunteering helps you meet more people (志愿服务还能帮助你结识更多人)”符合语境，指出志愿服务能拓展人脉，和前文是并列关系，过渡到后文的助力，其中的more people是后文These people指代的对象。故选C。 3．本段小标题是“Have More Time (拥有更多时间)”，后文“However, helping others can make you feel you have more time. (然而，帮助他人会让你感觉自己的时间变得更充裕了。)”包含转折，指出帮助他人会让你感觉拥有更多时间，因此A项“It may sound a little strange (这听起来可能有点奇怪)”符合语境，承认标题观点的非常规性，后文用转折引出解释。故选A。 4．前文“Many companies now support volunteering. (如今许多公司都支持志愿服务活动。)”提到公司支持志愿服务的现状，后文“When companies give workers a chance to volunteer, employees feel more connected, prouder and happier with their jobs and leaders. (当公司给员工提供志愿服务的机会时，员工会对自己的工作和领导感到更紧密、更自豪、更快乐。)”描述公司提供志愿服务机会后对员工产生的积极影响，因此F项“In 18 countries, the number of employee volunteers has grown by 57% (在18个国家，员工志愿者的数量增长了57%)”符合语境，用具体数据支撑前文的现状，引出后文的影响。故选F。 5．后文“Many people feel stressed or sad and think life is closing in. But helping others can open your mind. You meet new people, help your community, and feel proud of making a difference. (许多人会感到压力重重或情绪低落，觉得生活变得越来越艰难。但帮助他人却能让你的思维开阔起来。你会结识新朋友，为社区做贡献，并为自己能有所作为而感到自豪。)”阐述志愿服务如何缓解压力、开阔思维、带来幸福感，因此D项“Volunteering helps you see the world in a wider way (志愿服务帮助你以更广阔的视角看待世界)”符合语境，点明志愿服务带来的心态转变，统领后文内容。故选D。 Passage 6 （25-26高一上·四川·期中）When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone. 1 As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things for everything to work. It means that there are some other surprising benefits for volunteers. Volunteering teaches you new skills. From helping make websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges. 2 Volunteering teaches you what truly matters. It’s a great way to see life differently. When you’ve been at it for a while, you might start to think differently about what advantages you have. 3 One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching. 4 Maybe it is not surprising, but what might surprise you is how sincere these friends are. Some of my long-term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not that kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a broad network. 5 Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skills as well. You meet a wide variety of people who don’t have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks in life. You learn to know what you are to do. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for? A．Volunteering helps you make new friends. B．Volunteering helps you improve social skills. C．It helps you look outside yourself and your problems. D．However, as it turns out, that’s far from the only benefit. E．You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life. F．Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow. G．Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出志愿服务的好处不止助人后的温暖感，还能让人学习新技能、转变人生认知、结交真诚朋友，最终实现个人多方面成长。 1．由上文“When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone.(说到志愿服务的好处，很多人认为无非是帮助别人后那种温暖的感觉。)”和下文“It means that there are some other surprising benefits for volunteers.(这意味着志愿者还能获得其他令人惊喜的好处。)”可知，空格处需转折说明“温暖感并非志愿服务的唯一好处”。D项“However, as it turns out, that’s far from the only benefit.(然而，事实证明，这远非唯一的好处。)”符合语境，However承接上文“普遍认知”，“far from the only benefit”呼应下文“other surprising benefits”，承上启下。故选D项。 2．由上文“It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges.(这意味着当你参与慈善工作时，很多时候会面临挑战。)”可知，空格处需说明“克服挑战后的收获”。G项“Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills.(通过克服这些挑战，你会学到全新的技能。)”符合语境，“Through overcoming the challenges”衔接上文“face challenges”，“learn completely new skills”呼应本段小标题“Volunteering teaches you new skills”，逻辑连贯。故选G项。 3．由上文“When you’ve been at it for a while, you might start to think differently about what advantages you have.(当你做了一段时间后，你可能会开始重新思考自己所拥有的优势。)”和下文“One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching.(我的一个朋友原本想当律师，后来却发现自己对教学有着真正的热情。)”可知，空格处需说明“志愿服务可能改变人生方向”。E项“You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life.(你甚至可能决定一条全新的人生道路。)”符合语境，“a completely new path to take in life”呼应下文朋友“从想当律师到热爱教学”的人生方向转变，衔接自然。故选E项。 4．由下文“Maybe it is not surprising, but what might surprise you is how sincere these friends are. Some of my long-term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering.(也许这并不奇怪，但让你惊讶的可能是这些朋友多么真诚。我的一些长期好友是通过志愿服务认识的。)”可知，本段围绕“志愿服务能结交朋友”展开，空格处需作为主题句点明核心。A项“Volunteering helps you make new friends.(志愿服务能帮你结交新朋友。)”符合语境，“make new friends”呼应下文“met through volunteering”“long-term friends”，直接点明段落主题，衔接紧密。故选A项。 5．由下文“Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skills as well. You meet a wide variety of people who don’t have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks in life. You learn to know what you are to do.(这不仅能帮助你提升个人素养，还能锻炼你的综合能力。你会遇到形形色色、背景迥异的人，学会与各行各业的人相处，也会逐渐明确自己的人生方向。)”可知，空格处需总结“志愿服务的核心价值 —— 促进成长”。F项“Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow.(一句话总结：志愿服务助你成长。)”符合语境，“Summed up in one line”起到总结作用，“helps you grow”呼应下文“personally”和“develop your skills”的双重成长，逻辑清晰。故选F项。 Passage 7 （25-26高一上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering has been a vital part of 1 (tradition) culture in many countries, deeply rooted in the belief of helping others. It is an activity of great inspiration, as it not only brings practical support to those in need but also allows people to grow 2 (personal). Many volunteers are particular 3 their work, always trying to improve the quality of service by 4 (listen) carefully to feedback and adjusting their methods. They are aware of the challenges but never give up easily. 5 (establish) in 2022, a volunteer organization recently called for more people to join in. It offers a 6 (vary) of meaningful activities, from helping the elderly with daily tasks to protecting the environment. What’s important is that all activities are carried out legally. By participating in these activities, volunteers can 7 (strength) their sense of responsibility and learn valuable skills. Anyone 8 is willing to contribute can become a volunteer, making 9 positive difference to society. It is commonly acknowledged that the selfless devotion of volunteers helps promote social harmony. It is 10 (they) efforts that always inspire more people to contribute to the community. 【答案】 1．traditional 2．personally 3．about 4．listening 5．Established 6．variety 7．strengthen 8．who/that 9．a 10．their 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述志愿服务是多国传统文化的重要部分，能助人也能让志愿者自我成长，相关组织号召参与，志愿奉献促社会和谐、激励更多人付出。 1．考查形容词。句意：志愿服务在许多国家是传统文化的重要组成部分，深深植根于助人的信念之中。修饰名词culture，需用tradition的形容词形式traditional，表“传统的”。故填traditional。 2．考查副词。句意：这是一项极具鼓舞性的活动，因为它不仅为有需要的人提供实际帮助，还能让人在个人层面获得成长。修饰动词grow，需用personal的副词形式personally，表“个人地”。故填personally。 3．考查介词。句意：许多志愿者对自己的工作一丝不苟，总是通过认真听取反馈、调整方法来提升服务质量。这里考查固定搭配be particular about，意为“对……挑剔/一丝不苟”。故填about。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多志愿者对自己的工作一丝不苟，总是通过认真听取反馈、调整方法来提升服务质量。介词by后接动名词作宾语，listen的动名词形式为listening。故填listening。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年成立的一家志愿者组织近期号召更多人加入。此空考查非谓语，organization与establish为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作状语，且句首首字母应大写。故填Established。 6．考查名词。句意：它提供各种各样有意义的活动，从帮助老人处理日常事务到保护环境。这里考查固定搭配a variety of，意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。 7．考查动词。句意：通过参与这些活动，志愿者能增强责任感，学到宝贵的技能。情态动词can后接动词原形，strength的动词形式为strengthen，表“增强”。故填strengthen。 8．考查定语从句。句意：任何愿意奉献的人都可以成为志愿者，为社会带来积极影响。这里考查定语从句，先行词为Anyone，指人，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 9．考查冠词。句意：任何愿意奉献的人都可以成为志愿者，为社会带来积极影响。这里考查固定搭配make a positive difference，意为“产生积极影响”。故填a。 10．考查代词。句意：正是他们的努力，总是激励着更多人为社区奉献。修饰名词efforts，用形容词性物主代词their，表“他们的”。故填their。 Passage 8 （25-26高一上·河南南阳·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, the British zoologist 1 life was devoted to listening to the voices of animals and teaching humans to live in balance with nature, passed away on October 1, 2025, at the age of 91. Goodall was born in London in 1934. As a child, she once disappeared for hours, hiding in a chicken coop 2 (observe) how a hen laid its egg. She later called the experience “ 3 start of my scientific journey.” At 26, she travelled to the forests of Tanzania. Alone 4 a notebook and telescopes (望远镜), she began observing chimpanzees (黑猩猩). She soon made a 5 (significance) discovery: apart from humans, chimpanzees also make and use tools. In 2018, Goodall appeared on the popular CCTV program The Reader. One year later, she spoke about the challenges of returning pandas to the wild, 6 stressed that habitat protection is the key in Chengdu. In late 2024, Goodall visited China for the 17th time and participated in ten public 7 (event) in just five days. Crowds of young people surrounded her, eager for a word or a photograph. Today, on Chinese social media, millions gathered to remember her, with topics like “My memories of Jane Goodall” trending 8 (wide). One fan wrote, “Her very 9 (exist) inspired me to believe in the power of small actions. Everyone on this planet 10 (matter), and everyone can make a difference.” 【答案】 1．whose 2．to observe 3．the 4．with 5．significant 6．and 7．events 8．widely 9．existence 10．matters 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了英国动物学家珍・古道尔的生平事迹、重要发现及其社会影响，展现了她对科学和自然保护的毕生奉献。 1．考查定语从句。句意：英国动物学家珍・古道尔毕生致力于聆听动物的声音、教导人类与自然和谐共处，她于2025年10月1日逝世，享年91岁。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the British zoologist，指人，在从句中作主语life的定语，应用关系代词whose来引导。故填whose。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：小时候，她曾消失数小时，躲在鸡舍里观察母鸡是如何下蛋的。句子谓语是disappeared，空处需用非谓语形式。此处躲进鸡笼的目的是为了观察母鸡如何下蛋，作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to observe。 3．考查冠词。句意：后来，她把这段经历称作“我科学之旅的开端”。名词start后面有of my scientific journey这个介词短语作后置定语，特指“我科学之旅的开始”，表示特指，因此空处需用定冠词the来修饰限定。故填the。 4．考查介词。句意：她独自一人，带着笔记本和望远镜，开始了对黑猩猩的观察。此处表示“带着一个笔记本和望远镜”，描述她进行观察时所携带的工具，介词with可以表示“带有、拥有”，符合语境。故填with。 5．考查形容词。句意：她很快有了一项重大发现：除了人类之外，黑猩猩也会制造和使用工具。空后是名词discovery，因此空处需要填入一个形容词来修饰该名词，significance是名词，其形容词形式为significant，意为“重要的，有重大意义的”。故填significant。 6．考查连词。句意：一年后，她在成都谈及了大熊猫野化放归的诸多挑战，并强调栖息地保护是其中的关键。分析句子结构可知，空处连接了两个并列的谓语动词“spoke about...”和“stressed that...”，描述她同时进行的两个动作，应用连词and来表示并列关系。故填and。 7．考查名词。句意：2024年末，古道尔第17次到访中国，并在短短五天内参与了十场公共活动。空前的数词是ten，因此可数名词event应用其复数形式events。故填events。 8．考查副词。句意：如今，在中国的社交媒体上，数百万人自发悼念她，“我记忆中的珍・古道尔”等话题广泛传播。空处需要填入一个副词来修饰空前的动词的现在分词trending，表示“广泛地流行”，wide的副词形式为widely。故填widely。 9．考查名词。句意：有一位粉丝写道：“她的存在本身就激励我去相信微小行动中蕴藏的力量。”空前的Her是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接一个名词作主语，exist是动词，其名词形式为existence，意为“存在”。故填existence。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个星球上的每一个人都意义非凡，每个人都能带来改变。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，主语是Everyone，为第三人称单数，此处引述粉丝的话是在陈述一个普遍真理，因此matter应使用其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式matters。故填matters。 Passage 9 （25-26高一上·四川绵阳·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more public schools in America make it a rule that students must finish a certain amount of community service 1 they are allowed to graduate from high school. They work on projects like making the environment better or 2 (feed) homeless people. Many school systems in the United States now ask students 3 (do) some kinds of community service as part of their studies. Students involved in service projects help 4 (they) as well as their communities. They learn about the needs of people and aid 5 (organize). For this reason, holidays 6 (become) the prime period for volunteer work so far. Volunteers get no pay, but experts point out that it is 7 excellent opportunity to learn and practice new skills. According to the statistics, more than 60% of young Americans have taken part 8 various community service, such as cooking for homeless people, or painting old buildings, etc. Some students like to do their volunteer work in 9 (centre) parts of America, but the majority of teens prefer to do it in their hometowns. Tom, a 16-year-old middle school student in California, often does community service in a local hospital. He 10 (work) 16 hours every week either receiving calls at the information desk, or helping push patients back to their wards. 【答案】 1．before 2．feeding 3．to do 4．themselves 5．organizations 6．have become 7．an 8．in 9．central 10．works 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国越来越多公立学校将社区服务列为高中毕业必备条件，阐述其对学生和社区的益处及学生参与的相关情况。 1．考查连词。句意：美国越来越多的公立学校规定，学生必须完成一定量的社区服务才能高中毕业。前半句 “完成社区服务” 是后半句“高中毕业”的前提条件，用 before 表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故填before。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们参与诸如改善环境或为无家可归者提供食物等项目。此处与making并列，位于介词like之后，用feed的动名词形式feeding。故填feeding。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国现在许多学校系统要求学生将某种社区服务作为学习的一部分。此处为固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”，意为“要求某人做某事”，用动词不定式to do。故填to do。 4．考查代词。句意：参与服务项目的学生既能帮助自己，也能帮助社区。此处主语为Students，宾语与主语指代同一群体，用反身代词themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。 5．考查名词复数。句意：他们了解人们的需求和援助组织的情况。此处为名词作宾语，organize意为“组织”，其名词为organization，为可数名词，此处表泛指“各类援助组织”，用复数形式organizations。故填organizations。 6．考查动词时态。句意：因此，到目前为止，假期已经成为志愿工作的黄金时期。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”，强调从过去持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时；主语holidays为复数，所以谓语动词为have become。故填have become。 7．考查冠词。句意：志愿者没有报酬，但专家指出，这是一个学习和实践新技能的绝佳机会。opportunity为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个绝佳的机会”，且excellent是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 8．考查介词。句意：据统计，超过60%的美国年轻人参与过各种社区服务，比如为无家可归者做饭、粉刷旧建筑等。此处为固定搭配“take part in”，意为“参与”，用介词in。故填in。 9．考查形容词。句意：一些学生喜欢在美国的中心地区做志愿工作，但大多数青少年更愿意在家乡做。此处修饰名词parts，用centre的形容词形式central，意为“中心的”。故填central。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他每周工作16小时，要么在咨询台接电话，要么帮助将病人送回病房。此处为谓语动词，描述经常性、习惯性的动作，用一般现在时；主语He为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为works。故填works。 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $