Unit 4 Weather and our lives天气和我们的生活（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制六年级下册

Unit 4 Weather and our lives 天气和我们的生活 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 128 本文讲述了17岁北京高中生李昊容成功从北坡登顶珠穆朗玛峰，成为完成这一壮举的最年轻中国男性及全球首位高中生，并介绍了他在学业、体育和社团活动中的全面发展。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 137 本文介绍了中国铁路自2025年6月起扩大宠物托运服务范围，新增多条高铁线路，并说明了预订方式、适用线路以及宠物携带的具体规定。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读判断 说明文 147 本文主要介绍了北京、香港、纽约和悉尼四个城市的天气情况及活动建议。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 265 本介绍了雨的形成过程，以及雨水对环境起到的重要作用。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 321 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨的形成过程，以及雨水对环境起到的重要作用。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 200 本文描述了Bob喜欢各种各样的天气。 Passage5 完形填空 说明文 233 本文主要介绍了天气预报的准确性对各个行业的重要性，并指出提高预报准确性可以节省大量成本。 时文阅读 Passage1 World First! 17-Year-Old Summits Everest from North Side 全球首位!17岁少年从北坡登顶珠峰 Li Haorong is a 17-year-old student from Beijing. He is a member of the Youmei Youth Mountaineering Team. At 6:39 am on May 25, 2025, he reached the top of the world’s highest mountain, Mount Qomolangma. He became the youngest Chinese male to get to it from the northern slope. He is also the first high school student in the world to finish this great thing! This trip took 46 days. When the team got to the base camp, they trained hard for the final climb. The weather was once bad during the climb. They met a heavy snowstorm. Conditions became very dangerous. But they worked together and successfully got to the top. Not only is he good at climbing mountains, but he also does well in his studies. He also enjoys playing football and basketball. And he started a climbing club to share his love with friends. 李昊容是一名来自北京的17岁学生。他是优美青少年登山队的成员。2025年5月25日清晨6点39分，他成功登上了世界最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。他由此成为从北坡登顶珠峰的最年轻中国男性，也是全球首位完成这一壮举的高中生！ 此次攀登历时46天。队伍抵达大本营后，他们为最后的冲顶展开了艰苦的训练。攀登过程中，天气一度十分恶劣。他们遭遇了猛烈的暴风雪，情况变得异常危险。但队员们团结协作，最终成功登顶。 李昊容不仅擅长登山，学业也十分优异。他还热爱踢足球和打篮球。此外，他还创办了一个登山社团，与朋友们分享自己对登山的热爱。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：He became the youngest Chinese male to get to it from the northern slope. 句意：他由此成为从北坡登顶珠峰的最年轻中国男性。 分析：本句是主系表结构。主语是“He”，系动词是“became”，表语是“the youngest Chinese male”。动词不定式短语“to get to it from the northern slope”作后置定语，修饰“the youngest Chinese male”，其中“it”指代前文提到的“Mount Qomolangma”。 2. 原句：Not only is he good at climbing mountains, but he also does well in his studies. 句意：李昊容不仅擅长登山，学业也十分优异。 分析：本句是由“Not only...but also...”连接的并列句，且“Not only”置于句首，引导了部分倒装结构。前半句“Not only is he good at climbing mountains”中，主语“he”和系动词“is”发生倒装，正常语序为“he is”；“good at climbing mountains”是形容词短语作表语。后半句“but he also does well in his studies”是正常语序，其中“does well in”是固定短语，意为“在……方面做得好”。 如需填空版或英中对照版，请告诉我。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① mountaineering n. 登山 ② team n. 队伍 ③ reached v. 到达 (reach的过去式) ④ top n. 顶峰 ⑤ highest adj. 最高的 (high的最高级) ⑥ mountain n. 山 ⑦ Mount Qomolangma n. 珠穆朗玛峰 ⑧ youngest adj. 最年轻的 (young的最高级) ⑨ male n. 男性 ⑩ northern slope n. 北坡 ⑪ high school student n. 高中生 ⑫ trip n. 行程 ⑬ base camp n. 大本营 ⑭ trained v. 训练 (train的过去式) ⑮ final climb n. 最后冲刺；冲顶 ⑯ weather n. 天气 ⑰ heavy snowstorm n. 猛烈的暴风雪 ⑱ dangerous adj. 危险的 ⑲ successfully adv. 成功地 ⑳ club n. 社团 Passage2 High-Speed Rail Pet Check-In Service Expands Pilot Program 高铁宠物托运服务扩大试点范围 On June 20, 2025, China's railway had a new rule. Pets can travel on more high-speed trains. The service first began in April on the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It is being tested on 10 trains running between five big stations: Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East. Travelers can book this service at www.12306.cn at least two days before their travel. The service now covers 8 high-speed rail lines, 25 stations and 38 bullet trains. These include lines like Beijing-Harbin and Beijing-Guangzhou. Travelers can take one pet on the same train. Each pet must be a healthy cat or dog. It mustn't be heavier than 15 kg. And it mustn't be taller than 40 cm at the shoulder. Travelers must carry their ID card and a health certificate for their pet. China's railways really make traveling with pets easier. 2025年6月20日，中国铁路出台了一项新规定：宠物现在可以搭乘更多高铁列车出行了。 这项服务于今年4月首次在京沪高铁上试点。目前，它正在北京南、济南西、南京南、上海虹桥和杭州东五大车站之间运行的10趟列车进行测试。旅客至少需在出行前两天登录www.12306.cn网站预订该项服务。 目前，该项服务已覆盖包括京哈、京广在内的8条高铁线路、25个站点和38趟动车组列车。 旅客可在同一趟列车上携带一只宠物。宠物仅限于健康的猫或狗，体重不得超过15公斤，肩高不得超过40厘米。旅客需携带本人身份证以及宠物的动物检疫合格证明。 中国铁路的这项举措，确实让携宠出行变得更加便捷。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：It is being tested on 10 trains running between five big stations: Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East. 句意：目前，它正在北京南、济南西、南京南、上海虹桥和杭州东五大车站之间运行的10趟列车进行测试。 分析：本句是现在进行时的被动语态结构。主语是“It”，谓语是“is being tested”。介词短语“on 10 trains”作状语。现在分词短语“running between five big stations”作后置定语，修饰“trains”。冒号后的部分“Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East”是“five big stations”的同位语，对其进行具体说明。 2. 原句：Travelers must carry their ID card and a health certificate for their pet. 句意：旅客需携带本人身份证以及宠物的动物检疫合格证明。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Travelers”，谓语是情态动词“must”和动词“carry”构成的复合谓语。宾语是由“and”连接的两个并列名词短语“their ID card”和“a health certificate for their pet”，其中介词短语“for their pet”作后置定语修饰“a health certificate”。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① railway n. 铁路 ② rule n. 规定 ③ pets n. 宠物 (pet的复数) ④ high-speed trains n. 高速列车 ⑤ service n. 服务 ⑥ tested v. 测试 (test的被动语态) ⑦ trains n. 列车 (train的复数) ⑧ stations n. 车站 (station的复数) ⑨ travelers n. 旅客 (traveler的复数) ⑩ book v. 预订 ⑪ at least phr. 至少 ⑫ covers v. 覆盖 (cover的第三人称单数) ⑬ high-speed rail lines n. 高铁线路 ⑭ bullet trains n. 动车组；子弹头列车 ⑮ healthy adj. 健康的 ⑯ heavier adj. 更重的 (heavy的比较级) ⑰ taller adj. 更高的 (tall的比较级) ⑱ shoulder n. 肩部 ⑲ ID card n. 身份证 ⑳ health certificate n. 动物检疫合格证明；健康证明 实战演练 Passage1 Good morning! Here’s the weather report for some big cities in the world. Beijing It’s cloudy and very cold. The temperature is from -8℃ to -2℃. It’s a good time for skating. But remember to wear warm clothes when you go out. Hong Kong There’s beautiful sunshine. The temperature is from 10℃ to 15℃. In such warm weather, you can go out for a walk or enjoy the sunshine on the beach. New York It’s sunny, but there will be a strong wind in the afternoon. The temperature is from 2℃ to 5℃. Be careful if you ride a bike or drive to school or work. Sydney It might be rainy and the temperature is from 30℃ to 35℃. Do you want to be cool? Going swimming in the sea may be a good idea. But remember to get out of the water before the rain comes! 根据语篇内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following might be the hottest (最热的) in the weather report? A．Sydney. B．Hong Kong. C．New York. 2．Which season might it be in Beijing now? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Winter. 3．What’s the weather like in New York? A．Cloudy and windy. B．Rainy and windy. C．Sunny and windy. 4．What may you do if you are in Sydney? A． B． C． 5．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s best to wear cool clothes if you are in Beijing. B．Hong Kong is warm with the temperature above 10℃. C．The people in New York like to ride a bike on windy days. Passage 2 Have you ever wondered what causes rain? What is rain made of? The water leaves the ground and becomes water vapor (水蒸气) in the air. When the water vapor touches the cold air, it again becomes water and falls to the ground as rain. It is similar to boiling water. If you boil water in a pot, the heat changes, so the water turns into hot water vapor. When you cover the pot with a piece of glass, the vapor hits the glass and becomes drops of water. Water is everywhere in nature, and more than 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. Water from lakes and oceans slowly evaporates (蒸发) because of the hot sun. The higher the temperature of the water is, the faster it evaporates. The warm air has more water vapor than the cold air! When the wind blows, it carries the drops of water in the air and raises them. A lot of drops of water get together to form a cloud. When the cloud meets the cold air, the condensation (凝结) happens. And then the cloud becomes tiny drops of water and falls down. These tiny drops of water falling from the sky are what we call rain. Rain is important for keeping the environment balanced. Without rain, plants would not be able to grow and animals would not be able to live. The water from rain can also wash away dirt in the air. What’s more, rain can cut down on the effects of weather changes! 1．Put the following information into the correct order according to Paragraph 1. ①Water becomes water vapor. ②Water falls on the ground as rain. ③Water vapor touches the cold air. ④Water vapor again becomes water. A．①-②-③-④ B．①-③-④-② C．①-④-②-③ 2．Which picture shows the influence of temperature on water evaporation? A． B． C． 3．What happens when a lot of drops of water get together? A．They form a cloud. B．They form the vapor. C．They rise up and fall down. 4．Why is rain important to the environment? A．Because it causes weather changes. B．Because it shows the height of the sea level. C．Because it helps plants grow and animals live. Passage3 The atmosphere: The ocean of air above us The earth is surrounded by the atmosphere. It is important because it contains the air most living things breathe. It also absorbs heat energy from the sun. It even recycles water by returning it back to the earth as rain. Without the atmosphere, life could not exist on the earth. The atmosphere extends about 600 kilometres above the surface of the earth. Scientists discovered that the atmosphere is divided into layers, just like a layer cake. The layer of the atmosphere we live in is called the troposphere. “Tropo” is a Greek word meaning turning or change. The troposphere contains about 50% of all the air in the entire atmosphere. Because it is at the bottom, air pressure, or the weight of the air, is greatest in this layer. All the clouds we see and the weather changes we experience occur in the troposphere. As altitude increases, air temperature and air pressure decrease. Mountain climbers must dress in warmer clothes as they climb higher. There are three other layers above the troposphere. They are the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Together they make up the remaining half of all the air that surrounds the earth. This means the air in these layers is thinner and has less pressure than the air in the troposphere. The stratosphere contains a special gas called ozone, which is found in a layer called the ozone layer. This layer blocks out most of the dangerous rays from the sun. These dangerous rays cause sunburn, which can lead to skin cancer. Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer has gotten thinner due to pollution. Now, more harmful rays reach the earth. To protect our skin from these rays, we must wear sunblock while outside, especially in the summer when we wear less clothing. It is also wise to wear sunglasses on bright days to guard against damage to our eyes. 1．As altitude increases in the troposphere, ________. A．air temperature and air pressure increase B．air temperature and air pressure remain the same C．air temperature and air pressure decrease D．only air temperature decreases 2．Why did the word “troposphere” come from the Greek word “tropo”? A．Greeks first discovered the atmosphere. B．Tropo is the Greek god of weather. C．The weather is always changing within the troposphere. D．The earth is shaped like a sphere. 3．The ozone layer is found in the ________. A．troposphere B．stratosphere C．mesosphere D．thermosphere 4．How are health problems in humans caused by the thinning ozone layer? A．More harmful rays from the sun reach the earth. B．It allows pollution to reach the earth. C．There is less ozone for humans to breathe. D．The thinning ozone layer is increasing the air pressure on humans. 5．What should we do to protect our skin from harmful rays? A．Stay indoors all the time. B．Never wear sunglasses. C．Wear sunblock. D．Ignore the sun. 6．An alternate title for this reading passage might be “________”. A．The Thinning Ozone Layer B．Air Pressure and the Atmosphere C．Weather Events and the Atmosphere D．The Many Layers of the Atmosphere Passage4 Bob likes all kinds of weather. They give him different experiences (体验), and he can do different things as (随着) the weather 1 . When it’s sunny in summer, he usually sits under the tree. It’s cool and he can 2 books there. When he is 3 , he often lies (躺) on the grass (草) and relaxes. In winter, he likes to sit in the sun when it’s sunny, 4 sunshine can make people healthy. When it’s raining, he likes 5 the sound of rain. He thinks it is the 6 music in the world. When it is snowing, he likes walking in the snow. He often plays 7 his friends outside. When it is windy, he can also do some interesting things. He usually flies kites (放风筝) in the park in the wind. He often watches the trees, the flowers and the grass 8 in the wind when the wind is strong. 9 can dance very well. He thinks the beautiful dancers come from the wind. Now you must know why Bob likes different kinds of weather. 10 important the weather is in life! 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．A．shares B．changes C．cries 2．A．buy B．read C．find 3．A．tired B．angry C．afraid 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．getting to B．listening to C．waiting for 6．A．good B．better C．best 7．A．in B．on C．with 8．A．singing B．saying C．dancing 9．A．It B．He C．They 10．A．How B．What C．What a Passage5 More accurate forecasts 1 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 2 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 3 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 4 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 5 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 6 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 1．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 2．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 3．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 4．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 5．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 6．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Weather and our lives 天气和我们的生活 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 128 本文讲述了17岁北京高中生李昊容成功从北坡登顶珠穆朗玛峰，成为完成这一壮举的最年轻中国男性及全球首位高中生，并介绍了他在学业、体育和社团活动中的全面发展。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 137 本文介绍了中国铁路自2025年6月起扩大宠物托运服务范围，新增多条高铁线路，并说明了预订方式、适用线路以及宠物携带的具体规定。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读判断 说明文 147 本文主要介绍了北京、香港、纽约和悉尼四个城市的天气情况及活动建议。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 265 本介绍了雨的形成过程，以及雨水对环境起到的重要作用。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 321 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨的形成过程，以及雨水对环境起到的重要作用。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 200 本文描述了Bob喜欢各种各样的天气。 Passage5 完形填空 说明文 233 本文主要介绍了天气预报的准确性对各个行业的重要性，并指出提高预报准确性可以节省大量成本。 时文阅读 Passage1 World First! 17-Year-Old Summits Everest from North Side 全球首位!17岁少年从北坡登顶珠峰 Li Haorong is a 17-year-old student from Beijing. He is a member of the Youmei Youth Mountaineering Team. At 6:39 am on May 25, 2025, he reached the top of the world’s highest mountain, Mount Qomolangma. He became the youngest Chinese male to get to it from the northern slope. He is also the first high school student in the world to finish this great thing! This trip took 46 days. When the team got to the base camp, they trained hard for the final climb. The weather was once bad during the climb. They met a heavy snowstorm. Conditions became very dangerous. But they worked together and successfully got to the top. Not only is he good at climbing mountains, but he also does well in his studies. He also enjoys playing football and basketball. And he started a climbing club to share his love with friends. 李昊容是一名来自北京的17岁学生。他是优美青少年登山队的成员。2025年5月25日清晨6点39分，他成功登上了世界最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。他由此成为从北坡登顶珠峰的最年轻中国男性，也是全球首位完成这一壮举的高中生！ 此次攀登历时46天。队伍抵达大本营后，他们为最后的冲顶展开了艰苦的训练。攀登过程中，天气一度十分恶劣。他们遭遇了猛烈的暴风雪，情况变得异常危险。但队员们团结协作，最终成功登顶。 李昊容不仅擅长登山，学业也十分优异。他还热爱踢足球和打篮球。此外，他还创办了一个登山社团，与朋友们分享自己对登山的热爱。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：He became the youngest Chinese male to get to it from the northern slope. 句意：他由此成为从北坡登顶珠峰的最年轻中国男性。 分析：本句是主系表结构。主语是“He”，系动词是“became”，表语是“the youngest Chinese male”。动词不定式短语“to get to it from the northern slope”作后置定语，修饰“the youngest Chinese male”，其中“it”指代前文提到的“Mount Qomolangma”。 2. 原句：Not only is he good at climbing mountains, but he also does well in his studies. 句意：李昊容不仅擅长登山，学业也十分优异。 分析：本句是由“Not only...but also...”连接的并列句，且“Not only”置于句首，引导了部分倒装结构。前半句“Not only is he good at climbing mountains”中，主语“he”和系动词“is”发生倒装，正常语序为“he is”；“good at climbing mountains”是形容词短语作表语。后半句“but he also does well in his studies”是正常语序，其中“does well in”是固定短语，意为“在……方面做得好”。 如需填空版或英中对照版，请告诉我。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① mountaineering n. 登山 ② team n. 队伍 ③ reached v. 到达 (reach的过去式) ④ top n. 顶峰 ⑤ highest adj. 最高的 (high的最高级) ⑥ mountain n. 山 ⑦ Mount Qomolangma n. 珠穆朗玛峰 ⑧ youngest adj. 最年轻的 (young的最高级) ⑨ male n. 男性 ⑩ northern slope n. 北坡 ⑪ high school student n. 高中生 ⑫ trip n. 行程 ⑬ base camp n. 大本营 ⑭ trained v. 训练 (train的过去式) ⑮ final climb n. 最后冲刺；冲顶 ⑯ weather n. 天气 ⑰ heavy snowstorm n. 猛烈的暴风雪 ⑱ dangerous adj. 危险的 ⑲ successfully adv. 成功地 ⑳ club n. 社团 Passage2 High-Speed Rail Pet Check-In Service Expands Pilot Program 高铁宠物托运服务扩大试点范围 On June 20, 2025, China's railway had a new rule. Pets can travel on more high-speed trains. The service first began in April on the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. It is being tested on 10 trains running between five big stations: Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East. Travelers can book this service at www.12306.cn at least two days before their travel. The service now covers 8 high-speed rail lines, 25 stations and 38 bullet trains. These include lines like Beijing-Harbin and Beijing-Guangzhou. Travelers can take one pet on the same train. Each pet must be a healthy cat or dog. It mustn't be heavier than 15 kg. And it mustn't be taller than 40 cm at the shoulder. Travelers must carry their ID card and a health certificate for their pet. China's railways really make traveling with pets easier. 2025年6月20日，中国铁路出台了一项新规定：宠物现在可以搭乘更多高铁列车出行了。 这项服务于今年4月首次在京沪高铁上试点。目前，它正在北京南、济南西、南京南、上海虹桥和杭州东五大车站之间运行的10趟列车进行测试。旅客至少需在出行前两天登录www.12306.cn网站预订该项服务。 目前，该项服务已覆盖包括京哈、京广在内的8条高铁线路、25个站点和38趟动车组列车。 旅客可在同一趟列车上携带一只宠物。宠物仅限于健康的猫或狗，体重不得超过15公斤，肩高不得超过40厘米。旅客需携带本人身份证以及宠物的动物检疫合格证明。 中国铁路的这项举措，确实让携宠出行变得更加便捷。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：It is being tested on 10 trains running between five big stations: Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East. 句意：目前，它正在北京南、济南西、南京南、上海虹桥和杭州东五大车站之间运行的10趟列车进行测试。 分析：本句是现在进行时的被动语态结构。主语是“It”，谓语是“is being tested”。介词短语“on 10 trains”作状语。现在分词短语“running between five big stations”作后置定语，修饰“trains”。冒号后的部分“Beijing South, Jinan West, Nanjing South, Shanghai Hongqiao and Hangzhou East”是“five big stations”的同位语，对其进行具体说明。 2. 原句：Travelers must carry their ID card and a health certificate for their pet. 句意：旅客需携带本人身份证以及宠物的动物检疫合格证明。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Travelers”，谓语是情态动词“must”和动词“carry”构成的复合谓语。宾语是由“and”连接的两个并列名词短语“their ID card”和“a health certificate for their pet”，其中介词短语“for their pet”作后置定语修饰“a health certificate”。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① railway n. 铁路 ② rule n. 规定 ③ pets n. 宠物 (pet的复数) ④ high-speed trains n. 高速列车 ⑤ service n. 服务 ⑥ tested v. 测试 (test的被动语态) ⑦ trains n. 列车 (train的复数) ⑧ stations n. 车站 (station的复数) ⑨ travelers n. 旅客 (traveler的复数) ⑩ book v. 预订 ⑪ at least phr. 至少 ⑫ covers v. 覆盖 (cover的第三人称单数) ⑬ high-speed rail lines n. 高铁线路 ⑭ bullet trains n. 动车组；子弹头列车 ⑮ healthy adj. 健康的 ⑯ heavier adj. 更重的 (heavy的比较级) ⑰ taller adj. 更高的 (tall的比较级) ⑱ shoulder n. 肩部 ⑲ ID card n. 身份证 ⑳ health certificate n. 动物检疫合格证明；健康证明 实战演练 Passage1 Good morning! Here’s the weather report for some big cities in the world. Beijing It’s cloudy and very cold. The temperature is from -8℃ to -2℃. It’s a good time for skating. But remember to wear warm clothes when you go out. Hong Kong There’s beautiful sunshine. The temperature is from 10℃ to 15℃. In such warm weather, you can go out for a walk or enjoy the sunshine on the beach. New York It’s sunny, but there will be a strong wind in the afternoon. The temperature is from 2℃ to 5℃. Be careful if you ride a bike or drive to school or work. Sydney It might be rainy and the temperature is from 30℃ to 35℃. Do you want to be cool? Going swimming in the sea may be a good idea. But remember to get out of the water before the rain comes! 根据语篇内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following might be the hottest (最热的) in the weather report? A．Sydney. B．Hong Kong. C．New York. 2．Which season might it be in Beijing now? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Winter. 3．What’s the weather like in New York? A．Cloudy and windy. B．Rainy and windy. C．Sunny and windy. 4．What may you do if you are in Sydney? A． B． C． 5．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s best to wear cool clothes if you are in Beijing. B．Hong Kong is warm with the temperature above 10℃. C．The people in New York like to ride a bike on windy days. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京、香港、纽约和悉尼四个城市的天气情况及活动建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sydney”部分“the temperature is from 30℃ to 35℃”并对比其他城市可知，悉尼的温度最高，远高于其他城市。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Beijing”部分“It’s cloudy and very cold. The temperature is from -8℃ to -2℃. It’s a good time for skating.”可知，北京气温极低，且提到“适合滑冰”，符合冬季特征。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“New York”部分“It’s sunny, but there will be a strong wind in the afternoon”可知，纽约天气晴朗但有大风。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Sydney”部分“Going swimming in the sea may be a good idea”可知，悉尼炎热，建议游泳降温。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Hong Kong”部分“There’s beautiful sunshine. The temperature is from 10℃ to 15℃. In such warm weather, you can go out for a walk or enjoy the sunshine on the beach.”可知，香港温暖，气温超过10°C。故选B。 Passage 2 Have you ever wondered what causes rain? What is rain made of? The water leaves the ground and becomes water vapor (水蒸气) in the air. When the water vapor touches the cold air, it again becomes water and falls to the ground as rain. It is similar to boiling water. If you boil water in a pot, the heat changes, so the water turns into hot water vapor. When you cover the pot with a piece of glass, the vapor hits the glass and becomes drops of water. Water is everywhere in nature, and more than 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. Water from lakes and oceans slowly evaporates (蒸发) because of the hot sun. The higher the temperature of the water is, the faster it evaporates. The warm air has more water vapor than the cold air! When the wind blows, it carries the drops of water in the air and raises them. A lot of drops of water get together to form a cloud. When the cloud meets the cold air, the condensation (凝结) happens. And then the cloud becomes tiny drops of water and falls down. These tiny drops of water falling from the sky are what we call rain. Rain is important for keeping the environment balanced. Without rain, plants would not be able to grow and animals would not be able to live. The water from rain can also wash away dirt in the air. What’s more, rain can cut down on the effects of weather changes! 1．Put the following information into the correct order according to Paragraph 1. ①Water becomes water vapor. ②Water falls on the ground as rain. ③Water vapor touches the cold air. ④Water vapor again becomes water. A．①-②-③-④ B．①-③-④-② C．①-④-②-③ 2．Which picture shows the influence of temperature on water evaporation? A． B． C． 3．What happens when a lot of drops of water get together? A．They form a cloud. B．They form the vapor. C．They rise up and fall down. 4．Why is rain important to the environment? A．Because it causes weather changes. B．Because it shows the height of the sea level. C．Because it helps plants grow and animals live. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨的形成过程，以及雨水对环境起到的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The water leaves the ground and becomes water vapor in the air.”可知，水离开地面，在空气中变成水蒸气，①“水变成水蒸气。”排第一；再根据第一段“When the water vapor touches the cold air, it again becomes water and falls to the ground as rain.”可知，当水蒸气接触到冷空气，会再次凝结成水，随后作为雨落到地面，所以③“水蒸气接触冷空气。”排第二，④“再次变成水。”排第三，②“水作为雨落到地面上。”排第四，因此顺序是①-③-④-②。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The higher the temperature of the water is, the faster it evaporates.”可知，水的温度越高，蒸发速度就越快，即水温与蒸发速率呈正相关，温度越高，蒸发速率越快；选项A图中蒸发速率随温度升高而加快，符合文意。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“A lot of drops of water get together to form a cloud.”可知，大量水滴聚集起来会形成云。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Rain is important for keeping the environment balanced. Without rain, plants would not be able to grow and animals would not be able to live.”可知，雨水对维持环境平衡至关重要；没有雨水的话，植物无法生长，动物也无法生存，这说明雨水能保障动植物存活，对生态环境意义重大。故选C。 Passage3 The atmosphere: The ocean of air above us The earth is surrounded by the atmosphere. It is important because it contains the air most living things breathe. It also absorbs heat energy from the sun. It even recycles water by returning it back to the earth as rain. Without the atmosphere, life could not exist on the earth. The atmosphere extends about 600 kilometres above the surface of the earth. Scientists discovered that the atmosphere is divided into layers, just like a layer cake. The layer of the atmosphere we live in is called the troposphere. “Tropo” is a Greek word meaning turning or change. The troposphere contains about 50% of all the air in the entire atmosphere. Because it is at the bottom, air pressure, or the weight of the air, is greatest in this layer. All the clouds we see and the weather changes we experience occur in the troposphere. As altitude increases, air temperature and air pressure decrease. Mountain climbers must dress in warmer clothes as they climb higher. There are three other layers above the troposphere. They are the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Together they make up the remaining half of all the air that surrounds the earth. This means the air in these layers is thinner and has less pressure than the air in the troposphere. The stratosphere contains a special gas called ozone, which is found in a layer called the ozone layer. This layer blocks out most of the dangerous rays from the sun. These dangerous rays cause sunburn, which can lead to skin cancer. Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer has gotten thinner due to pollution. Now, more harmful rays reach the earth. To protect our skin from these rays, we must wear sunblock while outside, especially in the summer when we wear less clothing. It is also wise to wear sunglasses on bright days to guard against damage to our eyes. 1．As altitude increases in the troposphere, ________. A．air temperature and air pressure increase B．air temperature and air pressure remain the same C．air temperature and air pressure decrease D．only air temperature decreases 2．Why did the word “troposphere” come from the Greek word “tropo”? A．Greeks first discovered the atmosphere. B．Tropo is the Greek god of weather. C．The weather is always changing within the troposphere. D．The earth is shaped like a sphere. 3．The ozone layer is found in the ________. A．troposphere B．stratosphere C．mesosphere D．thermosphere 4．How are health problems in humans caused by the thinning ozone layer? A．More harmful rays from the sun reach the earth. B．It allows pollution to reach the earth. C．There is less ozone for humans to breathe. D．The thinning ozone layer is increasing the air pressure on humans. 5．What should we do to protect our skin from harmful rays? A．Stay indoors all the time. B．Never wear sunglasses. C．Wear sunblock. D．Ignore the sun. 6．An alternate title for this reading passage might be “________”. A．The Thinning Ozone Layer B．Air Pressure and the Atmosphere C．Weather Events and the Atmosphere D．The Many Layers of the Atmosphere 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了大气层的相关知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“As altitude increases, air temperature and air pressure decrease.”可知，随着海拔的升高，气温和气压下降。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The layer of the atmosphere we live in is called the troposphere. ‘Tropo’ is a Greek word meaning turning or change.”可知，对流层内的天气总是在变化。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The stratosphere contains a special gas called ozone, which is found in a layer called the ozone layer.”可知，平流层含有一种叫做臭氧的特殊气体，这种气体存在于臭氧层中。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer has gotten thinner due to pollution. Now, more harmful rays reach the earth.”可知，更多的有害射线到达地球。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“To protect our skin from these rays, we must wear sunblock while outside, especially in the summer when we wear less clothing.”可知，为了保护我们的皮肤不受这些射线的伤害，我们在外面的时候必须涂防晒霜，尤其是在夏天我们穿得很少的时候。故选C。 6．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了大气层的相关知识，故选D。 Passage4 Bob likes all kinds of weather. They give him different experiences (体验), and he can do different things as (随着) the weather 1 . When it’s sunny in summer, he usually sits under the tree. It’s cool and he can 2 books there. When he is 3 , he often lies (躺) on the grass (草) and relaxes. In winter, he likes to sit in the sun when it’s sunny, 4 sunshine can make people healthy. When it’s raining, he likes 5 the sound of rain. He thinks it is the 6 music in the world. When it is snowing, he likes walking in the snow. He often plays 7 his friends outside. When it is windy, he can also do some interesting things. He usually flies kites (放风筝) in the park in the wind. He often watches the trees, the flowers and the grass 8 in the wind when the wind is strong. 9 can dance very well. He thinks the beautiful dancers come from the wind. Now you must know why Bob likes different kinds of weather. 10 important the weather is in life! 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．A．shares B．changes C．cries 2．A．buy B．read C．find 3．A．tired B．angry C．afraid 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．getting to B．listening to C．waiting for 6．A．good B．better C．best 7．A．in B．on C．with 8．A．singing B．saying C．dancing 9．A．It B．He C．They 10．A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文描述了Bob喜欢各种各样的天气。 1．句意：它们给了他不同的经历，他可以随着天气的变化做不同的事情。 shares分享；changes改变；cries哭。根据“and he can do different things as (随着) the weather”可知，此处指“随着天气的变化”，Bob能体验不同活动。故选B。 2．句意：那里很凉爽，他可以在那里读书。 buy买；read读；find找到。根据“It’s cool and he can…books there.”可知，此处描述Bob在树下“读书”，故选B。 3．句意：当他累了，他经常躺在草地上放松。 tired累的；angry生气的；afraid害怕的。根据“he often lies (躺) on the grass (草) and relaxes”可知，躺在草地上放松通常是因为“累了”。故选A。 4．句意：在冬天，他喜欢在阳光明媚的时候坐在阳光下，因为阳光可以使人健康。 so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“sunshine can make people healthy.”可知，后半句解释原因，用“because”最合适。故选C。 5．句意：下雨的时候，他喜欢听雨声。 getting to到达；listening to听；waiting for等待。根据“the sound of rain.”可知，听雨声用“listening to”。故选B。 6．句意：他认为这是世界上最好的音乐。 good好的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“it is the…music in the world”可知，此处指“世界上最好的音乐”，最高级“best”与“in the world”匹配。故选C。 7．句意：他经常和他的朋友在外面玩。 in在……里；on在……上；with和……一起。根据“He often plays…his friends outside”可知，此处表示“和朋友们一起玩”。固定搭配“play with”表示“与……一起玩”。故选C。 8．句意：当风很大的时候，他经常看着树、花和草在风中跳舞。 singing唱歌；saying说；dancing跳舞。根据后文“can dance very well.”可知，此处描述Bob观看树木、花草跳舞。故选C。 9．句意：它们跳舞跳得很好。 It它；He他；They它们。指代前文的“the trees, the flowers and the grass”，因此用“They”。故选C。 10．句意：天气在生活中是多么重要啊！ How如何；What什么；What a多好的。根据“important the weather is in life!”可知，该句是感叹句，中心词是形容词important，其结构为“How+形容词+主谓”。故选A。 Passage5 More accurate forecasts 1 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 2 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 3 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 4 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 5 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 6 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 1．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 2．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 3．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 4．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 5．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 6．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了天气预报的准确性对各个行业的重要性，并指出提高预报准确性可以节省大量成本。 1．句意：尽管天气预报变得更加可靠，但仍需要更高的准确性。 As因为；Unless除非；After在……之后；Although尽管。根据“weather forecasts have become more reliable”和“there is still a need for greater accuracy”可知，前后分句为让步关系，即：虽然天气预报很准确，但是仍然需要更高的准确性，故选D。 2．句意：有了更准确的霜冻预报，果农就可以在知道幼嫩的幼苗不会被霜冻冻死的情况下进行种植。 saved拯救；killed杀死；planted种植；grown成长。根据“they die in cold, wet weather”可知，霜冻会导致幼苗死亡，故选B。 3．句意：不完美的天气预报会导致建筑公司浪费时间和金钱。 encourage鼓励；enable使能够；push推动；cause导致。根据“waste both time and money”可知，不完美的预报导致浪费时间和金钱，故选D。 4．句意：意外的寒冷天气可能会毁掉刚浇筑的混凝土地基。 unexpected意外的；predicted预测的；accurate准确的；timely及时的。根据“A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work.”可知，此处指意外的天气，故选A。 5．句意：如果天气预报预测当天天气炎热潮湿，但结果天气凉爽，电力公司就会亏钱。 saves节省；loses亏损；gets得到；makes赚钱。根据“The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used.”可知，电力公司会亏损，故选B。 6．句意：针对这些需求，气象学家正在努力开发新的工具和方法，以提高天气预报的能力。 information信息；weather天气；needs需求；money金钱。根据“improve their ability to forecast the weather”可知，气象学家是为了满足需求，故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $