Unit 4 A Glimpse of the Future 单元综合与提升-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过分类表格和例句解析系统构建知识体系，涵盖核心词汇、词形转换、短语搭配及语法结构，如用表格呈现assistant-assist-assistance等词形变化规律，用例句解析强调谓语、状语从句省略等复杂句式，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于"分层练习+方法指导"设计，语法填空整合单元重点词汇如artificial、victim，提升语言能力；读后续写提供四步曲框架（理清脉络-构思框架-增加细节-检查优化），培养思维品质。拓展阅读"超级计算机"增强文化意识，基础学生可巩固词汇，优秀学生能提升语用能力，助力教师精准分层教学。

单元综合与提升 ◎ 1．artificial adj. 人造的，人工的 2．victim n. 受害者 3．client n. 客户，客人，顾客 4．cite v. 引用，引述 5．cell n. 细胞 6．bound adj. 可能的 7．frown v. 皱眉 8．clue n. 线索，提示 ◎ 选用左栏单词的适当形式填空 1．People who frown a lot or have very expressive faces usually develop deep lines as they get older. 2．This gave me a clue as to the source of the problem. 3．The children are the innocent victims of the fighting. 4．You're bound to feel nervous about your interview. ◎ 1．assistant n．助手，助理→assist v．帮助→assistance n．帮助 2．potentially adv.潜在地→potential adj.潜在的；可能的n．潜力 3．capacity n．能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的，能胜任的 4．analyse v．分析 →analysis n．分析 5．regulate v．控制，管理→regulation n．规则 6．illegal adj.非法的，违法的→legal adj.合法的 7．immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的→moral adj.道德的 8．assess v．评价，评定→assessment n．评价；评估 9．horizon n．地平线→horizontal adj.水平的 10．demand n．需要，需求→demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的 11．imitation n．仿制品→imitate v．模仿 12．tightly adv.紧紧地→tight adj.紧的→tighten v．拧紧；加强 13．desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地，绝望地→desperation n．绝望，拼命 14．faulty adj.有故障的，有缺陷的→fault n．缺陷；过错 15．consistent adj.一贯的，一致的→consistency n．一致性，连贯性→consistently adv.一贯地；始终如一地 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The first thing you must do is make an assessment (assess) of the situation. 2．The vase is an imitation (imitate) of the one in the museum. 3．The money will be used to repair faulty (fault) equipment. 4．In the final analysis (analyse)，you've got to have some kind of criteria for assessing people. 5．①Since 1976, he has been operating the shop with the assistance (assist) of volunteers. ②I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant(assist) to my English teacher. 6．①In desperation(desperate)，they saw teachers 学生用书↓第119页 and the principal standing in deep water to accompany them through the difficulties. ②The soldiers fought desperately(desperate) because they were desperate for a victory. ◎ 1．in contrast 相比之下 2．hang out 闲逛 3．be susceptible to 易受……影响 4．wipe out 摧毁；毁灭 5．on the whole 总的来说 6．in the long run 从长远来看 7．lie in 在于 8．bank on 依靠，指望 9．on the horizon 将要发生 10．be bound to 很有可能，肯定会 11．around the corner 在拐角处；即将发生 12．go through 经受，通过 ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up. 2．There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced. 3．The problem lies in getting patients to a medical facility as soon as possible. 4．African children are susceptible to violence and poverty at present. 5．Even if I am busy with my lessons, I have managed to find time to hang out with my friends. ◎ 1．强调谓语 Still，I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier. 2．状语从句的省略 If not, it might wipe us all out! 3．while引导让步状语从句 But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history，if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands，it could also be the most dangerous. 4．though引导让步状语从句的倒装 Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel. 5．as though引导方式状语从句 Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you. ◎ 1．如果给我一个机会，我相信我会做得很好。 I do believe I will do a good job if I'm granted a chance. 2．你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？ Have you ever seen a doctor？If so, what happened? 3．尽管旅游能够开阔眼界，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。 While traveling can broaden your horizon，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 4．他虽然是一个老师，但是并非什么都懂。 Teacher though he is, he cannot know everything. 5．孩子们对那个女人很友好，好像她是他们自己的母亲。 The kids were very friendly to the woman as though she were their own mother. 学生用书↓第120页 语法填空(加黑部分为本单元重点词汇) With the development of science and technology，1.artificial (art) intelligence has been widely used in various fields，and has become an excellent 2.assistant(assist) to human beings.Intelligent robots can be seen everywhere in our life.People increasingly bank 3.on artificial intelligence，so some people reckon that the world of artificial intelligence is 4.on the horizon.However，artificial intelligence also has potential dangers and faults.If not 5.regulated(regulate)，it is bound 6.to do(do) some 7.illegal(legal) or immoral things，making human beings become 8.victims(victim)．When people are desperate 9.for the freedom，convenience and rapidity brought by artificial intelligence，they also demand that its negative effects 10.(should) be eliminated(eliminate)． Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible.Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm(算法)that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach.The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings.Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings(隆隆声)in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction.“You don't see earthquakes coming，” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet)．“It's a matter of milliseconds，and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are.Even with the 70% accuracy, that's a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” 学生用书↓第121页 While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks.The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT's Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models.This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking.“That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau's director. [词海拾贝] 1．milestone n．里程碑 2．millisecond n．毫秒，千分之一秒 3．in advance 提前 4．strength calculation 强度计算 5．stick with 坚持使用或做某事 6．earthquake physics 地震物理学 [阅读理解] 阅读文本，回答以下问题。 1．How does the AI forecast earthquakes? By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. 2．What does the follow-up research focus on? Conducting tests in different locations. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Back in the early 1980s, the idea of home computers was catching on.I wasn't keen on getting one.Somehow, I evolved and have owned several computers over the years.Some days, I loved my computer, but more often than not, I hated it.I didn't grow up with them, and they were a challenge to my mental health.Dealing with modern technology was my introduction to stress, and I know who to blame: my children. They weren't satisfied that their dad and I finally bought a computer and learned to send e-mails.We were quite happy with that, but next came a cellphone.Then just talking on the phone was not acceptable; they insisted we learn to text as well.We couldn't get a break. I remember well the night that Facebook became a household word around here.Those kids of ours were determined to set up a joint account for us.It took some convincing.We felt no guilt for grating on (激怒) their nerves considering the drama they'd sometimes created for us during their teenage years.A little payback wouldn't hurt those two. More recently, my husband and I were forced into getting rid of our flip phones and getting smartphones.I will admit that I progressed into appreciating mine.I liked speaking to Siri and finding out what I needed to know in an instant.I enjoyed having Internet access everywhere I went.I felt a sense of accomplishment; my husband－not so much.To this day, he would happily take back his flip phone. Last Christmas, our children surprised us with 学生用书↓第122页 yet another popular form of technology－Alexa.The girls took our smartphones in hand and got us programmed.Before we fully understood what was happening, we could tell Alexa to turn our lamp on or off, and she would.To be honest, we were a bit annoyed at having to learn how to use yet another device, but we decided to keep it.We mastered turning the lamp on and off, and once again I got the hang of it sooner than my husband did.I became his Alexa coach. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 One night, Alexa did not turn on the lamp when I gave the command.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We should thank our children and grandchildren.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [读后续写四步曲] 第一步 通读全文，理清脉络 1．读要素，弄懂故事大意 本文大意：作者的孩子们为自己和丈夫推荐了许多现代科技产品，作者从很有压力变得喜欢上它们，有一种成就感，但是作者的丈夫不太喜欢。 2．读人物，理清人物关系 I, my husband and my children 3．读时态，确定主体时态 一般过去时为主 4．读结构，了解叙述方式 第1段：80年代初期，科技产品盛行，但是我并不热衷。 第2段：孩子们坚持让我们使用科技产品的更多功能。 第3段：孩子们为我们建立脸书账户。 第4段：最近，我和丈夫要求把翻盖手机换成智能手机，我喜欢上到处都有网络，但我丈夫不太喜欢。 第5段：孩子们给安装了Alexa程序。 5．读语言，把握语言特色 原文中的语言特色： (1)以时间为线索：back in the early 1980s，but next，then, the night that Facebook became a household word around here, more recently，last Christmas. (2)情感描写 ①Some days, I loved my computer, but more often than not, I hated it. ②We felt no guilt for grating on (激怒) their nerves considering the drama they'd sometimes created for us during their teenage years. ③I enjoyed having Internet access everywhere I went. ④To be honest, we were a bit annoyed at having to learn how to use yet another device... 学生用书↓第123页 第二步 依据首句，构思框架 1．读懂两段首句 第一段首句译文：一天晚上，当我发出命令时，Alexa没有打开灯。 第二段首句译文：我们应该感谢我们的孩子们以及孙子们。 第一段框架：作者和丈夫对此的不同反应，作者用孩子们教会的技能想到办法解决问题。 第二段框架：作者感受到孩子们教会的科技是有用处的，感谢孩子们。 2．写好两个衔接句 第一段首句后的衔接句：I tried to say “Turn on the light” to it countless times, but Alexa didn't work. 第二段首句后的衔接句：It was our children and grandchildren that taught us to use technology so that I could find a solution on the Internet by myself. 3．写好一个结尾句 The fact is that our children and grandchildren let us really accept and use technology to make our life more convenient. 第三步　增加细节，展开续写 基于第一段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：(作者多次让Alexa开灯)Alexa不工作→丈夫抱怨(新科技靠不住)→作者想办法(上网找方法)→Alexa被修好 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：感谢孩子们(因为孩子们教会我们用科技产品，我才在网上找到了解决办法)→科技的用处(新科技使我们的生活更加便利) 第四步　检查优化，整洁誊写 One night, Alexa did not turn on the lamp when I gave the command.I tried to say “Turn on the light” to it countless times, but Alexa didn't work.“New technologies are always unreliable，” my husband complained.I searched the Internet and immediately found the reason why Alexa couldn't work.I just needed to tell Alexa to set the light color to white or whatever color I wanted, and then it would turn on the light.Then Alexa turned on the light itself. We should thank our children and grandchildren.It was our children and grandchildren that taught us to use technology so that I could find a solution on the Internet by myself.Without them, our life is always invariable and boring.Our children and grandchildren “force” us to accept and use technology, which seems to put us under pressure.However, the fact is that our children and grandchildren let us really accept and use technology to make our life more convenient. Supercomputer 超级计算机 中国人的智慧可以在短短20年间把超级计算机做到世界第一！中国有多台耳熟能详的超级计算机型号，比如天河一号、天河二号、天河三号，以及神威·太湖之光等。中国的神威·太湖之光在超级计算机领域已经连续多年占据第一的位置。随着天河三号诞生及后期对这款超级计算机运算能力的优化，中国超级计算机还将继续占据世界第一。 National Treasure国之重器 Supercomputer is a national treasure made by a large number of human and financial resources, which is the same as rocket and aircraft carrier.It is of great significance to national economic development and national security.Nowadays, large-scale calculations(计算)are required in any field, all of which are completed by supercomputing, such as meteorological 学生用书↓第124页 analysis and climate prediction, artificial intelligence，civil pharmacy (药剂学)，earthquake prediction，petroleum exploration，simulation of celestial evolution，material science, etc，which have brought great changes to production and life. 超级计算机是国家集合大量人力、财力所实现的和火箭、航母一样的国之重器，对国民经济发展和国家安全具有重大意义。如今，无论什么领域，都要进行大规模的计算，全部靠超算来完成，如气象分析与气候预测、人工智能、民用制药、预测地震、勘测石油、模拟天体演变、材料科学等方面，它为生产生活带来巨大变革。 Rapid Development快速发展 China has developed rapidly in supercomputers and has risen to the international advanced level.China is the first country to manufacture supercomputers as a developing country.China developed the first supercomputer Yinhe-Ⅰ in 1983, making China the third country after the United States and Japan to independently design and develop supercomputers.Based on domestic microprocessors(微处理器)，China has manufactured its first supercomputer, called Sunway BlueLight.In the latest list of the world's top 500 supercomputers released in November 2019，China's supercomputers accounted for 227, Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer ranked the third and Tianhe-Ⅱ supercomputer ranked the fourth. 中国在超级计算机方面发展迅速，跃升到国际先进水平国家当中。中国是第一个以发展中国家的身份制造了超级计算机的国家。中国在1983年就研制出第一台超级计算机银河一号，使中国成为继美国、日本之后第三个能独立设计和研制超级计算机的国家。中国以国产微处理器为基础制造出本国第一台超级计算机名为“神威蓝光”。在2019年11月发布的最新一期世界超级计算机500强榜单中，中国超级计算机占据了227个，神威·太湖之光超级计算机位居榜单第三位，天河二号超级计算机位居第四位。 Open a New Era开启新时代 The Wall Street Journal said that with a world-class supercomputer system equipped with locally developed processor chips, China has consolidated (巩固) its leading position in the highest field of computers.Sunway TaihuLight is the first computer in China that does not use American chip technology and has the highest running speed in the world.The performance of Sunway TaihuLight has ended the era of “China can only rely on Western technology to take the lead in the supercomputing field”． 《华尔街日报》称，凭借一套搭载本土自主研发处理器芯片的世界一流超级计算机系统，中国巩固了在这一计算机最高领域的领导地位。神威·太湖之光是中国首台未使用美国芯片技术且运行速度排名世界前列的计算机。神威·太湖之光的性能结束了“中国只能依靠西方技术才能在超算领域拔得头筹”的时代。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $