Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　Using language 主语从句 语法串烧 我的发现 It is probably believed that① dinosaurs were big, green and scaly, right? In fact，it seems that② they appeared very different from what we think. In recent years，how they look③ has been arising scientists' interest：many of them were small with feathers. However，whether they had feathers④ still isn't clear－it might have been for communicating or for staying warm, but not just for flight.What scientists also believe⑤ is that many dinosaurs had bright colours.Whatever colours they have⑥ depend on their habitats.That is：dinosaurs which could fly would have different colours to those living in the sea. ①it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语； ②it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，that在从句中不作句子成分； ③how引导主语从句，how在从句中作状语； ④whether引导主语从句，whether在从句中不做句子成分，意为“是否”； ⑤what引导主语从句，what在从句中作宾语； ⑥whatever引导主语从句，whatever在从句中作定语。 一、概述 在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。 What made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match. 令她高兴的是她在这么重要的比赛中获胜了。 It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 已经决定将会议推迟到下周一了。 二、主语从句的连接词及其句法功能 1．连接词that that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。 That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。 学生用书↓第20页 2．连接词whether/if whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需用it作形式主语。whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。 Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown. ＝It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out. 这个计划是否会实施还不知道。 [巧学活用1]——补全句子 ①That she could come to help us(她能来帮助我们) made us very happy. ②Whether he can finish his task on time(他能否按时完成任务) is of great importance. 3．连接代词和连接副词 (1)连接代词有who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等。连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 过去认为不可能的事现在已经变成现实。 Who will go to the concert is unknown. 不知道谁会去听音乐会。 Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做了这项工作一定会得到酬谢。 What the lecturer said is of great value. 演讲者所讲的非常有价值。 【名师点津】　①what在主语从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么”“所……的”“……的样子”等。它在主语从句中作句子成分，而且常作主语、宾语或表语。 ②who 引导的主语从句表示一件“事情”，而whoever引导的主语从句指“人”。 (2)连接副词有when，where，how，why等，连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。 How they will solve the serious problem hasn't been decided. 他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。 【名师点津】　这四类引导词引导的主语从句都属于名词性从句，名词性从句引导词的确定步骤： (1)分析句式结构，明确名词性从句在句中的功能； (2)明确名词性从句所表达的意义； (3)明确名词性从句中所需要的成分及意义； (4)确定从句的引导词。 [巧学活用2]——用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分 ①Why John was late for the class has been unexplained.状语 ②Which part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.定语 ③Where cars will be parked in the future is a question.状语 ④What I need are the skills of recitation，including pronunciation and intonation.宾语 ⑤Whoever is interested in the activity can sign your names.主语 三、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构 1．It＋be＋形容词(obvious，true，natural，strange，etc.)＋主语从句 It is doubtful whether she will be able to come to the party. 她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。 It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages. 大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。 【名师点津】　在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 学生用书↓第21页 2．It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder，an honor，a pity，a/no surprise，etc.)＋主语从句 It's a pity that you missed the film. 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。 3．It＋be＋动词-ed形式(said，reported，thought，expected，proved，etc.)＋主语从句 It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident. 据报道在这起事故中没有乘客受伤。 【名师点津】　在“It＋be＋动词-ed形式＋主语从句”结构中，动词-ed形式若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 4．It＋不及物动词(happen，seem，appear，etc.)＋主语从句 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧那天我不在。 5．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句 It seemed that his explanation made no sense. 他的解释似乎讲不通。 [巧学活用3]——补全句子 ①It is true that(……是真的) such a great project will do a great deal of good to us. ②It was clear that(很明显) he was absent. ③It is a pleasure that(很高兴) you have been here. ④It is required that (据要求)the theme should be about nature. 四、主语从句中应注意的问题 1．从句要用陈述语序 How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。 2．主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much. 毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。 【名师点津】　what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 (2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear. 他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。 [巧学活用4]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①That the coal workers are still alive is(be) a wonder. ②What he needs most is(be)money. ③When and where they will meet hasn't been(be) decided yet. ④When we will go camping(我们什么时候去野营)is still under discussion. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $