Unit1 语法专练-2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

沪教版7年级下册第一单元语法专练 定冠词 the 的用法 第一部分：知识梳理 一、定冠词 the 的基本概念 定冠词 the 表示特指，可用于可数名词单数、可数名词复数、不可数名词前，意为“这，这些，那，那些”。 二、定冠词 the 的具体用法 1. 特指上文提到过的人或物 I saw a cat. The cat was black. 2. 特指谈话双方都知道的人或物 Please close the door. （双方都知道是哪扇门） 3. 用于独一无二的事物前 the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the world 4. 用于序数词、形容词最高级前 He is the first to come. This is the most interesting book. 5. 用于表示方向、方位的名词前 the east, the west, the left, the right 6. 用于乐器名称前 play the piano, play the violin, play the guitar 7. 用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇俩 The Smiths are having dinner. 8. 用于形容词前，表示一类人 the rich （富人）, the poor （穷人）, the young （年轻人）, the old （老人） 9. 用于表示国家、党派、组织机构等的专有名词前 the United States, the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China 10. 用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等地理名词前 the Yangtze River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Sahara 11. 用于表示年代、时代的名词前 the 1990s, the Stone Age, the Ming Dynasty 12. 用于“动词+人+介词+the+身体部位”结构中 hit him on the head, pat her on the shoulder, take me by the hand 13. 用于“the + 比较级， the + 比较级”结构中 The more you practice, the better you will get. 14. 用于“the same + 名词”结构中 They are the same age. 15. 用于“the + 单数可数名词”表示一类事物 The lion is a wild animal. （狮子是野生动物） 三、不用定冠词 the 的情况（零冠词） 1. 复数名词表示一类人或事物时 Cats are lovely animals. （比较：The cat is a lovely animal.） 2. 抽象名词、物质名词表示一般概念时 Water is essential for life. Time is money. 3. 球类、棋类运动前 play basketball, play chess, play cards 4. 三餐、四季、月份、星期、节日前 have breakfast, in spring, in May, on Monday, on National Day 特指时可用：I will never forget the spring we spent together. 5. 人名、地名（大多数）、国名（大多数）前 John, Beijing, China, America 6. 称呼、头衔、职务前 Uncle Wang, Professor Li, Doctor Smith 7. 固定搭配中 go to school, at home, in hospital （住院）, by bus, on foot 8. 语言名称前 speak English, learn Chinese 9. 表示独一无二的头衔、职位前（作补足语、同位语时） He was elected president. 第二部分：练习题 Part 1：单项选择 1. I have ______ cat. ______ cat is white. A. a; A B. a; The C. the; The 2. ______ sun rises in ______ east. A. The; the B. The; / C. /; the 3. She plays ______ piano very well. A. a B. the C. / 4. My favorite sport is playing ______ basketball. A. a B. the C. / 5. We often have ______ lunch at school. A. a B. the C. / 6. ______ rich should help ______ poor. A. The; the B. A; a C. /; / 7. He hit me on ______ head. A. a B. the C. my 8. I have never seen ______ such beautiful flower. A. a B. the C. / 9. This is ______ most interesting book I've ever read. A. a B. the C. / 10. ______ Smiths are going to visit China next week. A. A B. The C. / Part 2：用适当的冠词填空（a/an/the，不需要处填/） 1. I have __________ dog. __________ dog is very friendly. 2. __________ moon moves around __________ earth. 3. She wants to learn to play __________ violin. 4. Children usually go to __________ school at 7 o'clock. 5. He is __________ tallest boy in our class. 6. We often have __________ breakfast at 7:30. 7. __________ Great Wall is famous all over __________ world. 8. He was born in __________ 1990s. 9. I like listening to __________ music. 10. She is __________ honest girl. Part 3：完成句子 1. 太阳从东方升起。 __________ sun rises in __________ east. 2. 他会弹吉他。 He can play __________ guitar. 3. 穷人和富人都是人。 __________ poor and __________ rich are all human beings. 4. 他打了我的脸。 He hit me in __________ face. 5. 这是我们看过的最好的电影。 This is __________ best movie we have ever seen. 6. 史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。 __________ Smiths are having dinner. 7. 他每天乘公共汽车去学校。 He goes to school by __________ bus. 8. 我喜欢打篮球。 I like playing __________ basketball. Part 4：改错 1. Sun is very big. __________________________________ 2. She plays piano very well. __________________________________ 3. I have lunch at the school. __________________________________ 4. He hit me on my head. __________________________________ 5. The China is a great country. __________________________________ 6. I like the music. __________________________________ 7. He is tallest in his class. __________________________________ 8. We went to Great Wall last week. __________________________________ 第三部分：参考答案与解析 Part 1 1. B （第一次提到用 a，第二次用 the） 2. A （独一无二的事物前加 the；方位前加 the） 3. B （乐器前加 the） 4. C （球类运动前不加 the） 5. C （三餐前不加 the） 6. A （the + 形容词表示一类人） 7. B （hit sb on the head 固定用法） 8. A （such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词） 9. B （最高级前加 the） 10. B （姓氏复数前加 the 表示一家人） Part 2 1. a; The 2. The; the 3. the 4. / 5. the 6. / 7. The; the 8. the 9. / 10. an Part 3 1. The; the 2. the 3. The; the 4. the 5. the 6. The 7. / 8. / Part 4 1. Sun → The sun （独一无二的事物加 the） 2. piano the piano （乐器加 the） 3. at the school→at school 本句意思是“在学校吃午饭”，习惯用 at school 4. my head → the head （hit sb on the head 固定用法，不用物主代词） 5. The China → China （国名前一般不加 the） 6. the music → music （音乐泛指时不加 the） 7. tallest → the tallest （最高级前加 the） 8. Great Wall → the Great Wall （专有名词加 the） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $