Unit 4 Everyday Economics 单元综合与提升-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理构建知识体系，将词汇（含单词及词形变化）、短语、语法（如独立主格、强调句型）等按“基础积累-应用练习”递进组织，用列表呈现词汇短语、填空练习巩固应用，清晰呈现重难点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导，如语法填空整合单元重点词汇，读后续写提供“四步曲”（通读-构思-展开-检查）策略，培养语言能力与思维品质。基础题助学生夯实基础，综合题促能力提升，支持学生自主复习，为教师精准教学提供依据。

单元综合与提升 ◎ 1．forehead n. 额，前额 2．blank adj. 无表情的，木然的 3．input n． 投入(物) 4．obstacle n． 障碍，阻碍，妨碍 5．phase n． 阶段，时期 6．purchase v． 购买 7．bonus n． 奖金；红利 8．superior adj. 质量上乘的，优质的 9．mild adj. 不浓烈的，淡的 10．subjective adj. 主观的 11．hire v． (短期的)租用，租借 12．abuse n． 滥用 13．theft n． 偷窃，偷盗 14．purse n． (女式)钱包 15．expense n． 费用，花费 ◎ 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．So far，we have managed to overcome all the obstacles that have been placed in our path. 2．The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier. 3．The expenses have been reduced to 1，000 yuan a month. 4．We can hire bikes for a day to explore the town. 5．Unfortunately，we have had several thefts in the building recently. 6．The abuse of your powers does harm to all other officers who do their job properly. 学生用书第117页 ◎ 1．potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地 2．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→distribute v．分发；分配 3．guidance n．指导，引导→guide v．指导，引导 n．指南，手册 4．consultant n．顾问→consult v．询问，咨询→consultancy n．咨询公司；专家咨询 5．conventional adj.传统的，常规的→convention n．传统，常规 6．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→discrimination n．歧视 7．interfere v．介入；干涉→interference n．介入；干涉 8．financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→finance n．财政，金融→financially adv.财政上地 9．accumulate v．积累，积聚→accumulation n．积累；堆积物 10．automatically adv.自动地→automatic adj.自动的→automation n．自动化 11．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful adj.悲伤的 12．frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate v．(使)沮丧→frustrated adj.沮丧的 13．supervision n．监督；管理→supervise v．管理；监督 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Eventually，he came face to face with discrimination (discriminate) again. 2．With the rapid development of new energy vehicles，conventional(convention) cars may gradually disappear. 3．This crisis is potentially(potential) the most serious in the organization’s history. 4．She was very sorrowful(sorrow) when her beauty company caught fire. 5．More people will be doing the work with proper supervision (supervise) and thus，more safely. 6．The government’s interference(interfere) in the strike has been widely criticized. 7．①In our country，more and more people show concern for financial(finance) planning. ②The company was not financially(finance) strong enough to be floated on the Stock Exchange. 8．①She couldn’t stand the frustration (frustrate) of not being able to help. ②Awkward and frustrated (frustrate)，we were stuck in this dilemma. ◎ 1．take a deep breath 深呼吸 2．be fond of 喜欢 3．dream of 梦想…… 4．end up 以……告终，以……结束 5．in the hope of 抱着……希望 6．rush into (doing) sth 仓促行事；匆忙行事 7．go into debt 陷入债务之中，负债 8．at the expense of 以损害……为代价 9．be beneficial to 对……有益 10．take advantage of 利用 11．cut down on 减少 12．make ends meet 使收支相抵 13．rent out 出租 (房屋、房间、土地等 ) 14．interfere with 妨碍，阻止 15．be subject to 可能受……影响 ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．Once the children graduate，their parents aim to rent out the whole apartment. 2．Keep in mind that don’t profit yourself at the expense of others. 学生用书第118页 3．The historian，who is also a ceramic(陶瓷) artist，is fond of all kinds of ceramics. 4．We are studying hard in the hope of having a bright future and making our parents live more comfortably. 5．With the bell ringing，he stopped writing，took a deep breath and handed in his paper. 6．Although some families can only make ends meet，the parents still send their children to go to school. ◎ 1．独立主格 They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next. 2．强调句型 It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. 3．advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 ...she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 4．whether...or...无论是……还是……；不论是否…… Whether it’s an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it’s out there. 5．such...that... It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. ◎ 1．从各方面考虑，她的建议比你的更有价值。 All things considered，her suggestion is of greater value than yours. 2．直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，他们才意识到环境保护是多么重要。 It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection. 3．考虑到他的健康，我建议他每天腾出一两个小时锻炼。 Considering his health，I advise that he save an hour or two each day to work out． 4．不管他的队输赢，你都应该赞扬他的努力。 You should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses． 5．杭州是一个令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象。 Hangzhou is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors. 学生用书第119页 语法填空(加黑部分为本单元重点词汇) Mary，the chairwoman of cosmetics 1.manufacturing(manufacture) company，suddenly felt dizzy during a meeting and fell to the ground.Thus she knocked herself out and was rushed to the hospital for rescue.Mary is an 2.enterprising(enterprise)woman.Since she 3.was hired(hire) by the company，the company has been open-minded and bold in reform.4.Under her guidance，the company has abandoned the 5.conventional (convention) production process，adopted international cutting-edge technology，and produced superior cosmetics，which are deeply loved by customers and 6.distributed (distribute) to all over the world.The company’s 7.financial(finance)situation continues to improve.The company，once heavily 8.in debt，is now full of vitality，and workers’ wages and 9.bonuses(bonus) are also rising.She also reformed the employment mechanism，refused to discriminate，put competent people in the leading positions，and won the support and love of the staff.Too much work and too little rest put her health in potential danger.10.Thereby，from that day on，she decided to care more about herself. Astronauts busy keeping fit in space station As China works to send more astronauts on long-term missions in space，ensuring their well-being has become a matter of public concern.The cutting-edge devices aboard the Tiangong Space Station have proved to be invaluable tools in maintaining their safety and health in a zero-gravity environment. The China Manned Space Agency recently unveiled fascinating footage of a crew engaging in rigorous workouts in space to mitigate the physiological impacts of prolonged exposure to microgravity. The three-module space station has fitness areas stocked with various equipment，including rowing machines，treadmills and resistance devices.During spaceflight，medical staff on the ground can monitor their body temperature，blood pressure，heart rate and other physiological indicators in real-time，and they maintain regular communication. The space station also features an onboard clinic that provides devices to monitor vital signs.The clinic can also track organ functions and offer emergency first aid and trauma medical supplies，the space agency said.Available devices include cardiopulmonary resuscitators and ultrasound machines，designed to be more compact to save space. 学生用书第120页 [词海拾贝] 1．invaluable adj.极有用的，极宝贵的 2．unveil v．推出，拉开……的帷幔 3．mitigate v．减轻，缓和 4．prolonged adj.长期的，持久的 5．stock v．贮备，存储 [阅读问答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 Why do crew members need to undergo strict exercise in space? To mitigate the physiological impacts of prolonged exposure to microgravity. 读后续写之求职 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Being without work can be scary and overwhelming，especially when you have a family to support. Patrick Hoagland is a 30-year-old dad of one who was suddenly laid off from his job at a metal recycling company.He was desperate to find another job and in this economy，that isn’t very easy.However，as a father，he couldn’t afford to be without work. “I definitely had fear，” Hoagland admitted.“My wife and I，we don’t make a whole lot of money individually.Once I lost my job，everything was put on her.” So a month after being laid off，he decided to stand on a busy roadside of a Phoenix highway and simply hand out copies of his resume! Before figuring out his unconventional strategy，Patrick had tried to apply to many jobs，both online and in person.The lack of response eventually led to his idea.“I wasn’t getting any responses，”he said.“I was getting frustrated.It popped into my head：stand on a corner and hold a sign and hand out resumes.At first I laughed about it...but I kept thinking about it.I figured：why not？！ There are millions of people in Phoenix driving around；someone might give me a job offer.” For three days，for a few hours each day，Patrick handed his resumes out to strangers.He also held a sign which read “Please take a resume.Laid-off.Looking for a job.” During one of these sessions，a woman named Melissa DiGianfilippo，owner of Serendipity Consulting，passed by.She was driving down Camel back Rd in Phx near her office and saw this guy on the side of the road with a smile in 110-degree heat，with a sign asking people to take his resume.She was impressed with Patrick because it was 110 outside and what she saw was really unexpected. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Melissa noticed how much creativity this move took，so she grabbed a copy of his resumes and decided to post it on social media.__________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Patrick is thankful to everyone who has helped him get his dream job.____________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [读后续写四步曲] 第一步　通读全文，理清脉络 1．读要素，弄懂故事大意 本文大意：Patrick Hoagland，一位30岁的父亲，突然下岗，却发现再次求职很难。最终一家公司的老板Melissa DiGianfilippo看到了他在路边求职。 学生用书第121页 2．读人物，理清人物关系 Patrick Hoagland and Melissa DiGianfilippo 3．读时态，确定主体时态 一般过去时为主 4．读结构，了解叙述方式 第1段：没有工作可能会让人感到恐惧和不知所措。 第2段：Patrick失业，发现重新找工作很难。 第3－5段：Patrick决定到路边求职。 第6段：Melissa注意到了路边求职的Patrick。 5．读语言，把握语言特色 原文中的语言特色： (1)心理描写 He was desperate to find another job and in this economy，that isn’t very easy. (2)语言描写 “I wasn’t getting any responses，”he said. “I was getting frustrated.It popped into my head：stand on a corner and hold a sign and hand out resumes.At first I laughed about it...but I kept thinking about it.I figured：why not？！ There are millions of people in Phoenix driving around；someone might give me a job offer.” 第二步　依据首句，构思框架 1．读懂两段首句 第一段首句译文：Melissa注意到这一举动需要多大的创造力，所以她拿了一份他的简历，并决定将其发布在社交媒体上。 第二段首句译文：Patrick感谢所有帮助他找到理想工作的人。 第一段框架：Melissa给予Patrick帮助，让他找到了理想的工作。 第二段框架：Patrick对找到工作后的反应以及感悟。 2．写好两个衔接句 第一段首句后的衔接句：It worked. 第二段首句后的衔接句：“I had a lot of people who sent messages that weren’t necessarily job offers but were good wishes saying，‘Good luck in your application.’ It was nice to see that，” Patrick said. 3．写好一个结尾句 While as human beings we cannot control what happens to us，we can certainly control how we react to it.And that can make all the difference. 第三步　增加细节，展开续写 基于第一段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：注意到Patrick→网上发布(对他的举动印象深刻，好多人前来帮助)→(有了好多工作机会)Patrick找到工作(是Patrick的理想中的工作)。 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：感谢(感谢帮助他的人，尤其是Melissa)→感悟(不能决定发生在自己身上的事，却可以控制自己的举动)。 第四步　检查优化，整洁誊写 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Melissa noticed how much creativity this move took，so she grabbed a copy of his resumes and decided to post it on social media.It worked.People were impressed with this willingness and determination to stand in heat.The job offers began to fly in by hundreds，and Patrick eventually found a position at a waste collecting company as an assistant manager.It wasn’t just any job，but one he had actually hoped for. Patrick is thankful to everyone who has helped him get his dream job.“I had a lot of people who sent messages that weren’t necessarily job offers but were good wishes saying，‘Good luck in your application.’ It was nice to see that，” Patrick said.Patrick and Melissa DiGianfilippo have kept in touch ever since.“She didn’t need to help me，but she did and it has changed my life.I am so grateful to her，” Patrick added.While as human beings we cannot control what happens to us，we can certainly control how we react to it.And that can make all the difference. 学生用书第122页 Mobile Payment移动支付 如今，移动支付在中国大量普及，几乎所有人都在使用智能手机支付各种费用，这种创新为中国所独有。移动支付成为中国技术创新的名片，NFC、二维码、生物识别等技术纷纷与各种生产、生活应用结合，便利了人们的生活，促进了社会技术变革。 Technological Innovation技术变革 In China，mobile payment has become the main payment method.Whether shopping，eating or traveling，mobile payment is everywhere and popular.Mobile payment has become the business card of China’s technological innovation.NFC，QR code，face recognition and other technologies have been combined with various production and life applications，which has facilitated people’s life and promoted social and technological innovation. 在中国，移动支付已经成为主流的支付方式。无论是购物，还是饮食、出行方面，移动支付无处不在，大受人们欢迎。移动支付成为中国技术创新的名片，NFC、二维码、人脸识别等技术纷纷与各种生产、生活应用结合，便利了人们的生活，促进了社会技术变革。 Facilitate Our Life便利生活 With the rapid development of mobile payment，in addition to online shopping，offline large shopping malls，even small clothing stores and jewelry stores on the street also begin to provide consumers with mobile payment methods such as code scanning payment.Nowadays，people can pay their water，electricity and gas fees，transfer money to others，pay at the vegetable market，take the subway，bus and taxi by using the mobile payment through mobile payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat. 随着移动支付的快速发展，除了网络购物以外，线下各个大型商场，甚至街边的小服装店、饰品店等也开始为消费者提供扫码支付等移动支付方式。如今，人们可以通过支付宝、微信支付等移动支付平台缴纳家里的水、电、气费，可以向别人转账，市场买菜付款，乘坐地铁、公交车、出租车。 Amaze the World令世界惊奇 Although European and American societies began to popularize credit card payment in the 20th century，the speed of popularizing mobile payment in European and American societies is very slow in the Internet era.In recent years，many Americans are amazed by the convenience and power of China’s mobile payment.In daily life，they basically only need to carry a mobile phone.In 2019，the scale of mobile payment in the United States was only $112 billion，while that in China was $9 trillion.The transaction volume was 80 times that of the United States，which ranks the first in the world. 虽然欧美社会，在20世纪便开始普及信用卡支付，但在互联网时代，欧美社会普及移动支付的速度，却非常缓慢。近年来，很多美国人感叹中国移动支付的方便和强大。在日常生活中，基本只需携带一台手机即可。2019年，美国移动支付规模仅为1 120亿美元，而中国则是9万亿美元，交易额是美国的80倍，位居世界第一。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $