课时测评16 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（北师大版）

课时测评16　Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 (时间：45分钟　满分：57.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语及首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Try to avoid foods which contain(包含)a lot of fat. 2．The area has been declared a disaster zone(地区)． 3．All day she had fought off the impulse(冲动)to telephone her boss. 4．Each bone is an organ(器官)with certain shape，structure and function. 5．One chocolate bar like this is equal to a large meal in calorie intake(摄入量)． 6．All substances，whether they are gaseous，liquid or solid，are made of atoms(原子)． 7．Quizzes and crossword(纵横字谜)puzzles can be great ways to stimulate your brain. 8．Nerve cells transmit electrical signals throughout the body at a high speed. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共5分) 1．The hotel is centrally located(locate)for all major attractions. 2．Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container(contain)． 3．There's absolutely(absolute)nothing more the doctors can do. 4．What's the connection(connect)between bird and dinosaur behavior? 5．Most of us need to lead more balanced lives to be healthy(health)and happy. 维度三　完成句子/同义句转换(每小题4分，共12分) 1．虽然困难重重，但没有什么比通过挑战自己所获得的成就感更有价值了。(as...as...) Hard though it is，there is nothing as valuable as the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself. 2．你最好每天留出一些时间运动一下，以便保持精力充沛。(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语) You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic． 3．To tell you the truth，I take yoga classes simply because I want to stay in shape. →To tell you the truth，my aim of taking yoga classes is to stay in shape．(动词不定式作表语) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2025·福建漳州市第三次质量检测) How to Take Your “Before” and “After” Photos Suppose you're about to start a weight-loss or body-shaping journey that will change your body and your life，nothing shows the results of this experience better than a set of “before” and “after” photos.Whether you just want to keep them as a personal reminder，or share your story with the world，prepare to be an expert to get high-quality photos! Camera，Photographer，and Location It's best to use a digital camera. If you have a camera stand，that's great; otherwise，try to get someone to take your photos—don't worry，he or she doesn't have to be a professional photographer! Choose a well-lit area in front of a plain wall.The simpler the background is，the more attention will be on you and your transformation. Dress Code (密码) A swimsuit or form-fitting workout clothes work best.You should show as much of your body as you're comfortable with，but please keep it appropriate for public consumption. Photo Composition Take full-body photos and make sure your face can be clearly seen. Try to take the photos from different angles，such as a front view and a side view. Whatever you do，consistency is key! Ideally，your “before”and“after”photos will show you doing the same poses，wearing the same clothes，in the same place both before and after your transformation.This way，your body is the only thing that can be seen changing. Timing Make sure to take the photos at the beginning，during，and end of your program so that you can see your progress over time.If you're doing a 90-day program，for example，you could take photos on Day 1，and then on Day 30，Day 60，and Day 90 until you're done. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了拍摄高质量“前后”对比照片的实用指南，包括设备选择、着装要求、拍摄构图及时间规划等要素，旨在帮助读者有效记录身体变化过程。 1．What is the aim of a set of“before”and“after”photos? A．To record a touching story. B．To remember a trip. C．To share a workout method. D．To show a transformation. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段“Suppose you're about to start a weight-loss or body-shaping journey that will change your body and your life，nothing shows the results of this experience better than a set of ‘before’ and ‘after’ photos.”可知，(拍摄)一组“之前”与“之后”的对比照片的目的是展示你的改变。故选D项。 2．What is needed before taking“before”and“after”photos? A．A plain setting. B．A fashionable dress. C．A high-tech camera. D．A well-trained photographer. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据Camera，Photographer，and Location部分的“Choose a well-lit area in front of a plain wall.The simpler the background is，the more attention will be on you and your transformation.”可知，在拍摄“之前”与“之后”的对比照片之前需要一个不加修饰的背景。故选A项。 3．Which of the following can probably guarantee high-quality “before” and “after” photos? A．Taking photos every day. B．Adopting a unique angle. C．Making your face visible. D．Wearing a consistent smile. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Photo Composition部分的“Take full-body photos and make sure your face can be clearly seen.”可知，拍摄全身照并确保面部清晰可见大概率可以保证获得高质量的“之前”与“之后”的对比照片。故选C项。 B (2025·安庆一中模拟考) If you've ever found yourself scratching(挠)your head over a decision when the answer is obvious，now there's a scientific reason behind it.“The problem is ‘decision fatigue’—a psychological phenomenon that influences the quality of your choices after a long day of decision-making，causing indecision or poor choices，”says Evan Polman，assistant professor of marketing at the Wisconsin School of Business. Physicians who have been on the job for several hours，for example，are more likely to prescribe antibiotics(开抗生素)to patients when it's unwise to do so.“Probably it's because it's simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further，”Polman says. But interestingly，decision fatigue won't be an issue when you're making choices on another's behalf.By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker，one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue.It's as if there's something fun and relieving about making someone else's choice. Getting the best advice，however，will rely on the personality of your adviser.Surprisingly，the best person to ask is someone relatively cool-headed to your circumstances; someone who doubts others and thinks highly of themselves.That's because a person who cares deeply about others can also suffer from decision fatigue when advising others，presenting the potential for bad advice.“For example，research has found that nurses who are particularly high in sympathy experience career burnout more often than nurses who are less sympathetic，”Polman says. Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process，but it often also includes riskier choices.While this sounds undesirable，it can be quite good.“People with decision fatigue will likely choose to go with the current situation，while a change in the course of action can sometimes lead to a positive outcome.”he says.“That's not to say that risk is always good，but it is related to taking action while decision fatigue certainly leads to inaction.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了决策疲劳的心理现象、其影响及如何通过他人建议缓解这一问题。 4．Which of the following is an example of decision fatigue? A．A lawyer makes weaker judgments after a day of cases. B．A manager approves a project without thorough review. C．A chef follows the usual recipe to make an evening meal. D．A physician advises a patient to drink water after check-up. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，决策疲劳是一种在长时间决策后影响选择质量，导致优柔寡断或糟糕选择的心理现象。A选项中“一名律师在处理了一天的案件后做出了较弱的判断”，符合长时间决策后出现判断质量下降的情况，是决策疲劳的例子。故选A。 5．When do people experience less decision fatigue? A．When they take decision shortcuts. B．When they guide others' decisions. C．When they encounter major choices. D．When they have advisers to turn to. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“But interestingly，decision fatigue won't be an issue when you're making choices on another's behalf.By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker，one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue.”可知，当人们指导他人的决策时，经历的决策疲劳较少。故选B。 6．What makes a better adviser according to the text? A．Experience in giving advice. B．Deep sympathy for others. C．Particular nursing professions. D．Less emotional involvement. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Surprisingly，the best person to ask is someone relatively cool-headed to your circumstances; someone who doubts others and thinks highly of themselves.”可推知，情感卷入较少的人能成为更好的顾问。故选D。 7．What does Polman say about taking risks in decision-making? A．It often ends in regret. B．It promotes taking action. C．It encourages creativity. D．It causes serious consequences. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“That's not to say that risk is always good，but it is related to taking action while decision fatigue certainly leads to inaction.”可推知，波尔曼认为在决策中冒险能促进采取行动。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·成都一中4月月考) Whenever my child caused me to change my schedule，I thought to myself，“We don't have time for this.”__1__，the two words I most commonly spoke to my child were：“Hurry up.”But my promise to __2__ was made almost three years ago，and I began my journey to grasp what matters in life.My younger daughter is my living __3__ of why I must keep trying.In fact，the other day，she reminded me once again. The two of us had taken a bike ride to the supermarket.After buying a cool treat for my daughter，she sat down at a table in __4__ admiring the ice cream she held in her hand.Suddenly a look of worry __5__ on her face.“Do I have to rush，Mama？” I could have cried.Perhaps the pains of a __6__ life don't ever completely disappear，I thought sadly.As my child looked up at me waiting to know __7__ she could take her time，I knew I had a(n)__8__．I could sit there thinking about the number of times when I rushed my child through life...or I could celebrate the fact that today I'm trying to do things __9__．I chose to live in today. “You don't have to rush.Just take your time，”I said in a(n)__10__ way.Her whole face instantly brightened and her shoulders __11__．And so we sat side by side talking about things that interested us. When she got to the last bite，she held out a spoonful of ice crystals and sweet juice for me.“I__12__ the last bite for you，Mama，”my daughter said proudly.As I let the icy goodness put out my thirst，I __13__ I just got the deal of a lifetime.I gave my child a little time and __14__，she gave me her last bite and reminded me that things taste sweeter and love is __15__ to get when you stop rushing through life. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾总让孩子匆忙，后承诺放慢节奏。一次买冰淇淋的经历让作者领悟慢生活使爱与美好更易获得。 1．A.However　　　 B．Instead C．Therefore　　　 D．Besides 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Whenever my child caused me to change my schedule，I thought to myself，‘We don't have time for this.’”可知，因为觉得没时间，所以作者才会常对孩子说快点，前后是因果关系，Therefore符合语境。故选C。 2．A.speed up　　　 B．slow down C．give up　　　 D．keep on 答案：B 解析：根据上文“the two words I most commonly spoke to my child were：‘Hurry up’”可知，作者常对孩子说‘快点’以及下文“I began my journey to grasp what matters in life”和“I chose to live in today”等内容可知，作者意识到要改变，所以许下的承诺是放慢节奏，slow down符合语境。故选B。 3．A.reminder　　　 B．message C．example　　　 D．guide 答案：A 解析：根据下文“In fact，the other day，she reminded me once again.”可知，小女儿会提醒作者，所以她是作者的提醒者，reminder符合语境。故选A项。 4．A.relief　　　 B．sorrow C．advance　　　 D．delight 答案：D 解析：根据下文“admiring the ice cream she held in her hand”可知，女儿欣赏着手中的冰淇淋，所以她是高兴地坐在桌子旁，in delight表示“高兴地”。故选D。 5．A.brought in　　　 B．turned up C．went by　　　 D．made up 答案：B 解析：根据上文“a look of worry”和下文“on her face”可知，这里指担忧的神情出现在她脸上，turned up符合语境。故选B。 6．A.difficult　　　 B．desperate C．hurried　　　 D．terrified 答案：C 解析：根据上文“the two words I most commonly spoke to my child were：‘Hurry up’”以及女儿问“我必须快点吗，妈妈？”可知，这里说的是匆忙生活的痛苦，hurried符合语境。故选C。 7．A.when　　　 B．if C．how　　　 D．what 答案：B 解析：根据下文“she could take her time”可知，女儿是在问是否可以慢慢来，if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故选B。 8．A.duty　　　 B．chance C．choice　　　 D．idea 答案：C 解析：根据下文“I could sit there thinking about the number of times when I rushed my child through life...or I could celebrate the fact that today I'm trying to do things____．I chose to live in today.”可知，作者可以有不同的做法，所以这里是有一个选择，choice符合语境。故选C。 9．A.differently　　　 B．vividly C．perfectly　　　 D．casually 答案：A 解析：根据上文作者经常让孩子匆忙，现在女儿问是否可以慢慢来，以及“I chose to live in today.”可知，作者现在想以不同的方式做事，differently符合语境。故选A。 10．A.angry　　　 B．obvious C．gentle　　　 D．cautious 答案：C 解析：根据上文“You don't have to rush.Just take your time”可知，作者这次没有催促孩子，所以是温柔地说，gentle符合语境。故选C。 11．A.raised　　　 B．relaxed C．shook　　　 D．trembled 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Her whole face instantly brightened”以及上文女儿问是否可以慢慢来，现在 作者说不必着急可知，女儿听到后肩膀放松了，relaxed符合语境。故选B。 12．A.saved　　　 B．tasted C．purchased　　　 D．rushed 答案：A 解析：根据下文“the last bite for you”以及语境可知，女儿把最后一口保留给了妈妈，saved符合语境。故选A。 13．A.realized　　　 B．imagined C．expected　　　 D．remembered 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I just got the deal of a lifetime”以及语境可知，这是作者通过这件事意识到的内容，realized符合语境。故选A。 14．A.in contrast　　　 B．in return C．in charge　　　 D．in control 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I gave my child a little time”和下文“she gave me her last bite”可知，作者给孩子时间，孩子把最后一口给作者，这是作为回报，in return符合语境。故选B。 15．A.harder　　　 B．better C．closer　　　 D．easier 答案：D 解析：根据下文“when you stop rushing through life”以及语境可知，与匆匆度过一生相比，当不再匆忙时，东西更甜，爱也更容易得到，easier符合语境。故选D。 学生用书第92页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $