Unit 12 Section Ⅲ Grammar-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦形容词核心语法点，系统梳理形容词构成（含-ern、-ful等后缀及复合形容词构成）、四大功能（定语、表语、补足语、状语）、形容词转副词规则及比较等级（规则与不规则变化及用法），构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 该资料以“语法串烧”情境引入，结合表格清晰呈现规则，设计含高考真题的“巧学活用”练习，助力提升语言运用能力。通过对比-ed/-ing形容词等培养思维品质，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固查漏，提升自主学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 形容词 语法串烧 我的发现 　　My school is located in the southern① part of our city.There are many flowers and trees in the schoolyard，so it is very beautiful②.It has three four-storey③ teaching buildings，two six-storey student dormitories，a three-storey office building and a laboratory building.The newly-built④ canteen is at the back of the school.The 300-meter-long⑤ and 200-meter-wide⑥ playground is where we exercise.The students are very diligent⑦，help each other and get along well.The teachers care for the students and are dedicated⑧ to their work.I like my school very much. 句中加黑词均为形容词，其中①②⑦⑧分别体现形容词后缀-ern，-ful，-ent，-ed等；③④⑤⑥分别体现复合形容词的构成特点。 一、动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀及复合形容词的构成 1．动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀 后缀 例词 -able accept→acceptable可接受的 comfort→comfortable舒适的 fashion→fashionable时髦的 suit→suitable适合的 reason→reasonable有道理的 -al music→musical音乐的 origin→original最初的 person→personal个人的；私人的 center→central中央的；中心的 nature→natural自然的；天生的 -ful doubt→doubtful怀疑的 forget→forgetful健忘的 harm→harmful有害的 hope→hopeful有希望的 peace→peaceful和平的 -ed scare→scared感到恐惧的 confuse→confused感到困惑的 underline→underlined下划线的 -ing surprise→surprising使人惊奇的 convince→convincing令人信服的 satisfy→satisfying令人满意的 -ible access→accessible可使用的 horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的 terror→terrible可怕的 -ive act→active积极的；活跃的 effect→effective有效的；生效的 attract→attractive有吸引力的 impress→impressive给人印象深刻的 -ous continue→continuous不断的；持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious十分小心的；谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 humor→humorous幽默的 -some tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 trouble→troublesome麻烦的 -y taste→tasty美味的；可口的 health→healthy健康的 wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的 -ern east→eastern东方的；向东的 -ish child→childish孩子气的 fool→foolish愚蠢的；傻的 self→selfish自私的 学生用书第89页 【温馨提示】　后缀为-ed的形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；后缀为-ing的形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰物或事。 2．复合形容词的构成 构成方式 例词 形容词＋动词-ed形式 good-tempered好脾气的 kind-hearted好心肠的 形容词＋动词-ing形式 good-looking好看的 easy-going随和的 副词＋动词-ing形式 hard-working努力工作的 far-reaching影响深远的；广泛的 副词＋动词-ed形式 well-known著名的 wide-spread广泛传播的 名词＋动词-ing形式 peace-loving爱好和平的 English-speaking讲英语的 名词＋动词-ed形式 state-owned国有的 heart-felt衷心的 名词＋形容词 self-confident自信的 self-satisfied自我满足的 [巧学活用1]——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Mozi was a very influential (influence) teacher. ②The rain has been continuous(continue) since this morning. ③(2025·八省联考)Sledmere House is one of Yorkshire's most attractive (attract)houses. ④The change in global(globe) climate will undoubtedly influence many areas' water supply. ⑤(2025·浙江1月卷)Because of this，I'm careful(care) not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. 二、形容词的功能 1．作定语修饰名词或代词，说明其性质、特征等。 These are valuable suggestions. 这些是宝贵的建议。 2．作表语与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征。 His suggestions are very valuable. 他的建议很有价值。 3．作补足语说明宾语或主语的性质、状态或特征。 I consider his suggestion very valuable. 我认为他的建议很有价值。 4．作状语主要表示原因、伴随等。 He returned home，safe and sound. 他回到了家，安然无恙。 [巧学活用2]——完成句子 ①你有足够的时间做这项工作吗？ Do you have sufficient time to do the work？ ②既尴尬又羞愧，我对任何事都无法集中精力。请帮帮我吧！ Embarrassed and ashamed，I can't concentrate on anything.Please help me! ③你会发现这些饭菜准备起来又快又方便。 You'll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare. ④事故发生后，她感到孤独和绝望。 After the accident，she felt lonely and hopeless． ⑤小男孩很好奇，伸手去拿包裹。 The little boy was so curious that he reached for the package. 三、形容词转换为副词 类别 例词 直接加-ly clear→clearly清楚地 great→greatly很；大大地 以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加-ly happy→happily高兴地 heavy→heavily沉重地 以-ble/-le结尾的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly很；非常地 gentle→gently温柔地 以-ue结尾的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly真实地 以-ll结尾的形容词，直接加-y full→fully充分地；完全地 dull→dully迟钝地 以-ic结尾的形容词，加-ally basic→basically大体上；基本上 scientific→scientifically科学地 学生用书第90页 [巧学活用3]——单句语法填空 ①Inspired by what had become a truly (true) global event，Coubertin designed the symbol of the Games：the Olympic rings. ②Certainly (certain)，I feel very glad because the competition went well and I am satisfied with the result of the rehearsals. ③(2025·八省联考)The gardens are beautifully(beautiful) laid out with two lakes，which are home to a vast collection of fish. ④She was extremely(extreme) pretty，and her house was a reflection of herself. ⑤It was built originally(original) to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty. 四、形容词的比较等级 1．形容词比较级和最高级的变化 规 则 变 化 词形分类及 变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双 音节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest long longer longest 以-e结尾的，只加-r或-st nice nicer nicest fine finer finest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双音 节词和多 音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 续表 不 规 则 变 化 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad/ill worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest little less least far farther(具体) farthest(具体) further(抽象) furthest(抽象) 2．比较等级的用法 (1)as＋形容词的原级 ＋ as...与not as/so＋形容词的原级表示同级比较。 The book is not so/as difficult as you imagine. 这本书不像你想的那么难。 (2)比较级＋than表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. 研究发现早起锻炼的人要比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。 (3)比较级的特殊结构 ①“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，就越……” The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 ②“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……” Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 【温馨提示】　修饰比较等级的副词有much，even，still，far，a little，a lot，rather 等。more，very 等副词不可修饰比较级。 3．最高级的用法 (1)the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词 Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。 学生用书第91页 (2)one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.上海是我国最大的城市之一。 (3)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的意义 I have never read a better book than this. 这是我读过的最好的一本书。 [巧学活用4]——单句语法填空 ①When the house was built，it was much smaller (small) than it is today. ②Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering. ③One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work. ④Parents should encourage their children to set higher (high)goals for themselves and strive for continuous self-improvement. ⑤Researchers think they are the most complete and earliest (early) wooden structure building foundation in China. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $