课时测评17 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（北师大版）

课时测评17　Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 (时间：45分钟　满分：92.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共6分) 1．He is consciously trying to overcome(克服) his weakness. 2．Matter plays a central role in cosmology(宇宙学). 3．The wedding was a very grand (隆重的) occasion. 4．The number of tourists to the resort declined(减少) by 10% last year. 5．She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus (奖金). 6．The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity． 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．I would stay at home rather than go shopping with you. 2．I want advice that's realistic rather than theoretical (theory). 3．The scientist has made great achievements so we all look up to him. 4．In spite of the fog，the crew can distinguish the coastline fairly well. 5．Ann overcame (overcome) her shyness and gave us a speech in public. 6．He declined to comment (comment)on the controversial issue，saying he needed more time to think. 7．We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice. 8．Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower dating back to as early as 800 years ago. 9．He didn't study hard for the exam. As a result，he failed to pass it and felt very disappointed. 维度三　完成句子(每小题4分，共20分) 1．这个旨在帮助无家可归者的项目成立了。(动词-ed形式短语作后置定语) The program，intended to help the homeless，was set up. 2．随着高考的临近，我们正忙着为它做充分的准备。(as引导时间状语从句) As the College Entrance Examination approaches，we are busy making full preparations for it. 3．为了赢得比赛，所有运动员一直在刻苦训练。(动词不定式作目的状语) To win the game，all the players keep training hard. 4．除了学业学习之外，我总是挤出时间做我感兴趣的事情。(what引导名词性从句) Apart from my academic studies，I always manage to find time for what I'm interested in． 5．我上周从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。(that引导定语从句) The book that I borrowed from the library last week is very interesting. 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stephen Hawking was born in 1942.He studied at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge，1.but at the age of 21，he 2.was diagnosed (diagnose) with a serious disease.However，he finished his education and got a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and continued his work in 3.theoretical (theory) physics and cosmology.While his reputation for his work spread，his physical ability got 4.worse (bad).In 1985，after 5.an operation，he started to use a piece of speech-generating equipment 6.to help (help) him talk.However，Hawking never ceased his studies and he continued to develop his theories on the universe.Hawking believed that he was not an 7.unlucky (lucky) person.From his diagnosis at 21 he regarded everything since then 8.as a bonus.He was proud of his family and his work，and he appreciated the help that many people had given him.On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential 9.scientists (scientist)，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，10.aged (age) 76. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·河北保定月考) A team of engineers and materials scientists has developed a groundbreaking design that enables battery pouches—lithium-ion (锂离子) battery soft packs—to become far more flexible and stretchable than ever before. Their innovative approach，published in Matter，shows that by strategically placing holes of a specific size and shape in particular locations，it's possible to turn a battery pouch—traditionally only slightly flexible—into one capable of stretching significantly or even folding 180 degrees without compromising performance. This is part of a broader effort to integrate electronics more smoothly into everyday life，particularly through wearable technology. Traditionally，pouch batteries used in various electronic devices are somewhat flexible but are typically limited in how far they can bend or stretch. Previous researchers have experimented with creating holes in the battery material，using round or square cuts in different configurations (布局)，but the results were often unsatisfactory or came at the cost of the battery's capacity. The new research goes further. Instead of random holes，the team strategically cut rectangular holes in the battery material，which are in both longer and shorter shapes，helping maintain the structural integrity of the battery while allowing for more stretchability. The placement and dimensions of these holes were carefully selected after testing how they impacted the flexibility and stretching properties of the battery. The researchers discovered that this particular arrangement of holes significantly enhanced the stretchability of the battery. The battery design was capable of withstanding stretches of up to 10% of its original length. Furthermore，the battery maintained its ability to hold a charge even when folded 180 degrees，an achievement that was previously difficult to achieve without damaging the device. Additionally，the researchers found that the battery design was not only more breathable than traditional batteries but also twice as breathable as cotton. This is a critical factor for wearables，particularly in clothing，as it ensures that the device remains comfortable to wear，even for extended periods. With this new battery design，the possibilities for wearable electronics are significantly expanded. The new flexible battery could also be a game-changer for other applications beyond clothing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个工程师和材料科学家团队开发出一种突破性的电池设计，使锂离子电池软包变得更灵活、可拉伸，并介绍了该设计的创新之处、优势以及应用前景。 1．What does the underlined “without compromising performance” in Paragraph 1 mean？ A．Without losing beauty. B．Without increasing the cost. C．Without reducing efficiency. D．Without yielding to short-term interests. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“by strategically placing holes...without compromising performance” 以及“This is part of a broader effort to integrate electronics more smoothly into everyday life，particularly through wearable technology.” 可知，这种电池能够折叠且能够顺利地融入日常生活。所以这里的 “without compromising performance” 指的是在电池包变得更灵活可拉伸的同时，不会降低其效率。故选 C。 2．What was the problem with previous researchers' attempts？ A．They reduced the battery's capacity. B．They used rectangular cuts which were ineffective. C．They increased battery's charging time. D．They enhanced the weight of the batteries. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 “Previous researchers have experimented...at the cost of the battery's capacity.” 可知，以前研究人员的尝试存在降低电池容量的问题。故选 A。 3．What is the breakthrough in the new battery technology？ A．It has longer service life with less holes. B．It can maintain its charging capacity when folded. C．It is softer and more breathable when stretched. D．It can be produced at a faster speed. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Furthermore，the battery maintained its ability to hold a charge even when folded 180 degrees，an achievement that was previously difficult to achieve without damaging the device.” 可知，新电池技术的突破在于折叠时能保持充电能力。故选 B。 4．What is the author most likely to talk about next？ A．Examples of other applications of the new battery. B．The breathability of the new battery for wearables. C．The cost reduction strategies of the new flexible battery. D．Comparison between new and old batteries. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The new flexible battery could also be a game-changer for other applications beyond clothing.” 可推知，接下来作者最有可能谈论新电池在其他方面的应用实例。故选 A。 B When you go running in the woods in your running tights，elastane (氨纶) is the reason why they fit you so comfortably.Elastane is an elastic material that allows the fabric to stretch and adapt to your body. But when elastane fibres are mixed with cotton，wool，nylon or other fibres，as is the case in many clothes today，the clothes become almost impossible to recycle.It is extremely difficult to separate out the different fibres，and therefore the materials in the clothes cannot be recycled. But this may change，says Assistant Professor Steffan Kvist Kristensen from the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center at Aarhus University.Together with a number of colleagues，he is behind a new technology that can separate out fibres in mixed fabrics. “We've developed a method to remove elastane completely from nylon.We're not quite there yet with cotton，because some of the cotton fibres are broken down in the process.But we believe that，with some minor adjustments，we can solve this problem，” he says. It is not easy to separate elastane and other fibres once they have been woven(编织) together.Clothes are made by winding the main fibres，such as nylon or cotton，around the elastane fibres，which consist of long chains of molecules (分子).The fibres only break apart if we break the long chains of molecules，explains Steffan Kvist Kristensen. By heating the clothes to 225 degrees Celsius and adding a specific alcohol，the researchers have found a method to break down the bonds in elastane chain.When this happens，the chains fall apart and the materials separate.“The whole process takes place in what is in effect a large pressure cooker that we feed the clothes into.We then add a little alcohol and a potassium hydroxide(氢氧化钾) base and heat it up.Then we let it cook for just over four hours，and when we open the lid again，the different fibres will have been separated，” says Steffan Kvist Kristensen. So far，Steffan Kvist Kristensen and his colleagues have only experimented with two nylon stockings at a time.The technology is therefore not yet ready for application at industrial scale. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员开发了新技术，可以从混合织物中分离出纤维，让这些材料能够再次回收利用。 5．What can we learn about elastane from the passage？ A．It is an eco-friendly material. B．It is a kind of stretchable fabric. C．It makes the clothes far from recycling. D．It is made up of short chains of molecules. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But when elastane fibres are mixed with cotton，wool，nylon or other fibres，as is the case in many clothes today，the clothes become almost impossible to recycle.”可知，氨纶使得衣服难以回收。故选C。 6．Why is a pressure cooker used in the experiment according to the text？ A．To separate more fibres. B．To reduce the heating time. C．To increase the temperature to 225 ℃. D．To ensure the safety of the experiment. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段“Then we let it cook for just over four hours，and when we open the lid again，the different fibres will have been separated”可推知，在实验中使用压力锅是为了减少加热时间。故选B。 7．What can be inferred about this new technology？ A．It can separate all sorts of fibres. B．It needs plenty of energy to work. C．There is a long way before it is widely used. D．There is no possibility to separate elastane from cotton. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，新技术距离广泛应用还有很长的路要走。故选C。 8．What is Steffan Kvist Kristensen's attitude to this new technology？ A．Satisfied. B．Confident. C．Critical. D．Unclear. 答案：B 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段内容可推知，Steffan Kvist Kristensen对这项新技术充满信心。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·湖南长沙质检) DeepSeek：A Rising Star in the AI Field In recent years，the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable advancements，and one name that has been making waves is DeepSeek. 1 DeepSeek is an innovative AI technology developed by Hangzhou DeepSeek Artificial Intelligence Co.，Ltd. It stands out for its powerful language-processing capabilities. 2 It can handle a wide range of natural language tasks with high accuracy，from text generation to question-answering systems. For example，when given a complex topic for writing an article，DeepSeek can quickly generate well-structured and coherent text，incorporating relevant information and ideas. 3 In the field of education，it can serve as a personalized learning assistant. It can analyze students' learning patterns and answer their various questions，providing instant feedback and guidance. In the business world，DeepSeek can be used for customer service. It can understand customers' inquiries in real-time and offer accurate and efficient responses，enhancing the overall customer experience. However，like any emerging technology，DeepSeek also faces some challenges. 4 There are concerns about the potential biases in the data it is trained on，which could lead to unfair or inaccurate results. Additionally，as it becomes more integrated into various aspects of our lives，issues related to data privacy and security also come to the forefront. 5 With continuous research and development，it is expected to break through the current limitations. For instance，efforts are being made to improve the data pre-processing techniques to reduce biases. Moreover，more advanced security measures are being explored to ensure the safe use of this technology. A．The future of DeepSeek looks promising. B．It has a wide range of applications in different fields. C．Let's take a closer look at what makes it so special. D．It is designed to understand，interpret，and generate human language. E．The development of DeepSeek is based on years of in-depth research. F．One of the main challenges is related to the quality and quantity of data. G．DeepSeek has already shown great potential in the field of content creation. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI领域的新星DeepSeek，以及它的技术本身、应用场景、挑战与未来展望。 1．答案：C 解析：文章开篇“In recent years，the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable advancements，and one name that has been making waves is DeepSeek.” 引出DeepSeek，接下来应是进一步阐述它的特别之处，C选项“让我们仔细看看是什么让它如此特别。”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对DeepSeek特点的介绍，故选C。 2．答案：D 解析：前一句“It stands out for its powerful language-processing capabilities.” 提到Deepseek有强大的语言处理能力，D选项“它旨在理解、解释和生成人类语言。”具体解释了它在语言处理方面的功能，即理解、解释和生成人类语言，与上下文紧密衔接，故选D。 3．答案：B 解析：后文“In the field of education，it can...enhancing the overall customer experience.” 分别介绍了DeepSeek在教育和商业领域的应用，B选项“它在不同的领域有着广泛的应用。”是对后文内容的概括，说明它在不同领域有广泛应用，故选B。 4．答案：F 解析：前文“However，like any emerging technology，DeepSeek also faces some challenges.” 提到DeepSeek面临挑战，后文“There are concerns about the potential biases in the data it is trained on，which could lead to unfair or inaccurate results.”具体阐述了数据方面的问题，如训练数据的潜在偏差，F选项“主要挑战之一与数据的质量和数量有关。”指出主要挑战与数据质量和数量有关，符合语境，故选F。 5．答案：A 解析：后文“With continuous research and development...to ensure the safe use of this technology.” 提到随着研发，它有望突破限制，还列举了一些改进措施，A选项“DeepSeek的未来看起来很有希望。”表明DeepSeek未来很有前景，引出后文对其未来发展的描述，故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·辽宁抚顺联考) “China is already in 2030！” said the Hutchinsons，a British family 1．_________ own almost 200，000 followers on an online platform，when they experienced their first drone delivery service in Shenzhen. So far，this vlog 2．_________ (top) all of their posts，gaining an eye-catching 7.8 million views. The rapid development of smart technologies in China has amazed many foreign visitors as they go to China after the launch of the 144-hour visa-free policy. For instance，videos of a robot 3．_________ (deliver) food to the corresponding hotel room have swept across social media and gained lots of likes. Allison Paige，a travel vlogger，shared her video showing the same robot service 4．_________ action at her hotel room with just several taps (轻敲) on her mobile. “This is just so great and convenient. This is something I 5．_________ (absolute) love about staying in hotels here，” she said. “Driverless taxi in China” is also among the popular 6．_________ (search) on social media. Italian influencer Andrea posted a video of himself taking a driverless taxi in Guangzhou. The built-in screen showed the 7．_________ (surround) situation to him as the taxi went. After a short yet smooth ride，Andrea got to his destination and waved goodbye to the taxi. “This is mind-blowing，” said Andrea. China issued a guideline on promoting the development of smart cities and urban digital transformation to make urban 8．_________ (manage) smarter. By 2027，China expects 9．_________ (see) significant progress in the digital transformation of urban areas and will have built 10．_________ number of smart cities that are more livable and resilient，according to the guideline. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国智能技术发展令外国游客惊叹及相关举措。 1．答案：who/that 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a British family，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 2．答案：has topped 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语this vlog是单数，助动词应用has。故填has topped。 3．答案：delivering 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have swept，空处应用非谓语形式，逻辑主语a robot与deliver之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填delivering。 4．答案：in 解析：考查介词。此处是固定短语in action，意为“在运转中；在起作用；在行动中”。故填in。 5．答案：absolutely 解析：考查副词。此处修饰动词love，应用副词absolutely“绝对地”作状语。故填absolutely。 6．答案：searches 解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的among the popular可知，此处应用名词复数形式searches，介词短语among the popular searches意为“在热门搜索之中”。故填searches。 7．答案：surrounding 解析：考查形容词。此处修饰名词situation，应用形容词surrounding“周围的；附近的”，作定语。故填surrounding。 8．答案：management 解析：考查名词。此处作宾语，应用名词management，urban management意为“城市管理”。故填management。 9．答案：to see 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配expect to do sth意为“期望做某事”。故填to see。 10．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。固定搭配a number of意为“许多；大量”。故填a。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $