Unit 12 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“创新”主题，以Stephen Hawking生平为语篇载体，通过Pre-reading看图提问、While-reading主旨结构细节研读、Post-reading难句仿写与品质升华的学习支架，帮助学生构建从语篇理解到语言运用的知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过难句解构提升语法应用能力，借助“品质升华”环节引导学生批判性分析Hawking名言、创造性定义科学精神。采用语篇研读与语基讲练结合的教学方法，课时测评多维度巩固，既助力学生提升语言技能与思维深度，也为教师提供系统教学资源，提高课堂效率。

UNIT 12　INNOVATION 主题语境：人与社会——创新 Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 内容索引 语基讲练　提能力 4 语篇研读　细梳理 1 语篇助解　释疑难 2 语基自查　固根基 3 课时测评 5 语篇研读　细梳理 返回 Step One：Pre-reading Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following question. Do you know the scientist called Stephen Hawking？ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yes.Stephen Hawking was born in 1942 in Oxford，UK.He liked maths and science best at school.And he was interested in how things work.When he was 21，Stephen got a serious illness.He couldn't walk or speak.He had to sit in a wheelchair and speak through a computer.But he didn't give up.Stephen became a great scientist through his hard work.He enjoyed writing.One of his most famous books is A Briefer History of Time.Stephen Hawking was a bright star in the world of science.Sadly，this star went out in March，2018.He died at his home at the age of 76. Step Two：While-reading √ Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the text？ A．It mainly analyses Stephen Hawking's theory. B．It mainly describes Stephen Hawking's achievements. C．It mainly introduces the great physicist Stephen Hawking. D．It mainly summarizes Stephen Hawking's influence on human. Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part Part 1(Para.1)　 A．Hawking's assessment of himself. B．To sum up Stephen Hawking's life. Part 3(Para.8) C．Introduce Hawking's life experience and achievement in detail. Ⅲ.Read for the structure greatest physics illness In 2005 ideas curious unlucky Ⅳ.Read for details 1．When was he diagnosed with his illness？ A．His first year at the University of Oxford. B．After he found a job in Cambridge. C．After he raised the idea of black holes. D．His first year at the University of Cambridge. 2．Which of the following words can best describe Stephen Hawking？ A．Talented and optimistic. B．Talented and pessimistic. C．Discouraged and pessimistic. D．Unlucky and pessimistic. √ √ 3．What can we learn from the passage？ A．Hawking was satisfied with his life when he first knew his disease. B．Although Hawking had a serious disease，he still had a wonderful and meaningful life. C．Hawking has millions of fans in both China and England. D．Hawking travelled around the world to attend TV shows. 4．What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage？ A．To introduce Hawking's life to help people remember him. B．To introduce Hawking's famous theory about the universe. C．To tell us the brightest star Hawking died. D．To describe Hawking's serious physical disease. √ √ Ⅰ.难句解构 教材原句：At the age of 21，when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge，physicians discovered he had a rare，slow-progressing form of ALS. 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导________________，意为“当……的时候”。 汉语翻译：______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Step Three：Post-reading 时间状语从句 21岁那年，是霍金在剑桥大学的第一年，医生发现他患有一种罕见的慢性肌萎缩侧索硬化症。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential scientists，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，aged 76.(人物介绍) 学后仿写　我的父亲是一个有责任心且勤劳的人，他通过对工作的专注为我们家庭提供稳定的生活。 My father is a responsible and hard-working man ______________________ _____________ through his dedication to his job. who provides a stable life for our family 2．教材佳句　At the opening of the London 2012 Olympics，Hawking said to a TV audience of 900 million people：“Look up at the stars and not down at your feet...be curious.” (语言描写) 学后仿写　“什么？考试推迟了？真是松了一口气！” 莉莉叫道，脸上绽开了灿烂的笑容。 “What？ The test has been postponed？__________________！” cried Lily，a huge smile spreading across her face. That's such a relief Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What do you think this saying by Stephen Hawking means：“Look up at the stars and not down at your feet ... be curious.”(Critical Thinking批判性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It means that we should not focus on our everyday lives and worry too much about unimportant matters.We should think on a larger scale and be curious about nature and the simple things of life. 2．What kind of person is Stephen Hawking？What is the definition of scientific spirit？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ①We saw the determination and devotion to accuracy and truth on the part of Stephen Hawking from his youngest days through the decades he fought for his body while his mind progressed into the arena of geniuses. ②The definition of scientific spirit is to，above all else，be willing and able to grasp a problem or a question and not let go of it until knowledge，creative power，and collaboration have brought a clear answer.Then this same mind must believe in its findings enough to bravely present them，prove，and perfect them for the betterment of the quality and sustainability of life all over the world.It is to look squarely，ask questions，and never give up trying. 返回 语篇助解　释疑难 返回 ①influential/ˌɪnflu'enʃl/adj.有影响力的，有势力的 ②theoretical/θɪə'retɪkəl/adj.理论的 ③cosmology/kɒz'mɒlədʒi/ n.宇宙论，宇宙学 ④overcome/ˌəʊvə'kʌm/vt.克服(困难)，控制(感 情)；征服，战胜 ⑤challenge/'tʃælɪndʒ/n.挑战v.向……挑战 原文呈现 名师圈点 STEPHEN HAWKING On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential① scientists，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，aged 76[1].Hawking was famous，not just for his brilliant work in theoretical② physics and cosmology③，but also for overcoming④ the challenges⑤ of ALS(a disease that affects muscle control). [1]此处为动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词Stephen Hawking。 ⑥at the age of在……岁时 原文呈现 名师圈点 Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January，1942，in Oxford.He went to the University of Oxford to study physics in 1959.At the age of⑥ 21，when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge[2]，physicians discovered he had a rare，slow-progressing form of ALS.He was only expected to live for a few years. [2]此处when引导时间状语从句。 ⑦rather than而不是 ⑧as a result结果 原文呈现 名师圈点 Hawking later found a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge.In the early stages of his career，his illness got worse，but he was allowed to do research only rather than⑦ teach，which was easier for him[3]. In 1985，he had to have an operation. As a result⑧，he lost his speech.Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech-generating equipment that allowed him to speak.However，as his illness became worse，he lost the use of his hands.[4] [3]此处which引导非限制性定语从句。 [4]此处as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。 ⑨decline/dɪ'klaɪn/vi.减少，降低 ⑩cease/siːs/vi.& vt.停止 a number of若干，一些；许多 separate from分离；把……和……分开 原文呈现 名师圈点 Although Hawking's physical abilities declined⑨ over decades[5]，he never ceased⑩ his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.Hawking believed that the birth of the universe (the “Big Bang”) created many small black holes. His theory was that there was a sort of hole in the centre of a black hole[6].This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own. [5]此处Although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 [6]此处that引导表语从句。 instead of 代替 原文呈现 名师圈点 Hawking also wrote books.His 1988 book，A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes，sold one copy for every 750 people on Earth.However，many people could not really understand what he had written[7].Therefore，Hawking decided to write a simpler version，A Briefer History of Time (2005). [7]此处what引导宾语从句。 In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe[8]．Instead of trying to find one big new explanation，scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have[9]. [8]此处为动词不定式作目的状语，修饰名词a different way。 [9]此处that引导定语从句。 look up at抬头看；往上看 in spite of虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……) expectation/ˌekspek'teɪʃn/ n.期待，预期；期望，指望 expect/ɪk'spekt/v.期待；预 计；要求，指望 bonus/'bəʊnəs/n.意外收 获，额外的好处；奖金；红利 because of因为；由于 原文呈现 名师圈点 At the opening of the London 2012 Olympics，Hawking said to a TV audience of 900 million people：“Look up at the stars and not down at your feet...be curious.” In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work.“My expectations were reduced to zero when I was 21.Everything since then has been a bonus.”And he believed this was because of the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations. 斯蒂芬·霍金 2018年3月14日，世界上最有影响力的科学家之一，斯蒂芬·霍金在英格兰的家中去世，享年76岁。霍金不仅因在理论物理学和宇宙学方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎缩侧索硬化症(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战而令人敬佩。 1942年1月8日斯蒂芬·霍金出生于牛津，1959 年进入牛津大学学习物理学。21岁那年，是霍金在剑桥大学的第一年，医生发现他患有一种罕见的慢性肌萎缩侧索硬化症，预计他只能再活几年。 译文参考 后来霍金在剑桥天文研究所找了份工作。职业生涯刚一开始他的病情就转而恶化，研究所允许他可以只做研究而不用教学，这对他来说更容易。1985年，他不得不动手术，结果丧失了说话能力。很快，医生为他开发了一种发声设备使他能够说话。但是，随着他的病情继续恶化，手也动不了了。 尽管在过去几十年里霍金的身体机能不断下降，但他从未停止过研究，并且对黑洞有了许多新的想法。霍金认为宇宙诞生时(即“宇宙大爆炸”)创造了许多小黑洞。他的理论是，在黑洞的中心还有一种洞，这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的世界完全分隔。 霍金还写书。1988年出版的《时间简史：从大爆炸到黑洞》一书，地球上平均每750人便购买过一本。然而，许多人并不能真正理解他写的内容。因此，霍金决定写一个简化的版本，即《时间简史》(2005)。 在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。与其说尝试寻找一个全新的解释，科学家们不如把他们已经有的想法汇集起来。 在2012年伦敦奥运会开幕式上，霍金对9亿电视观众说：“仰望星空，而不是俯视脚下……要保持好奇心。” 返回 尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。他说，这并没有阻碍他拥有家庭，也没有阻碍他在工作中取得成功。“21岁时，我的人生期望值降为零。从那以后，一切都是馈赠。”他认为自己所取得的一切都因为他受到了来自家人、许多人和组织的帮助。 语基自查　固根基 返回 阅读单词——识记 1．a very grand house　　　 非常________房子 2．Newton's law of gravity 牛顿万有______定律 3．cosmology system ________体系 宏伟的 引力 宇宙论 核心单词——练通 1．__________ her fear 克服她的恐惧 2．________ sharply 急剧下降 3．an added _______ of the new job 新工作的额外的好处 overcome decline bonus 拓展单词——用活 __________ adj.理论的 →theory n．理论；原理；学说 theoretical 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．在……岁时 ____________ 2．结果 ____________ 3．分离；把……和……分开 _____________ 4．因为；由于 ____________ 5．虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……) ____________ at the age of as a result separate from because of in spite of 第二组　英译汉 6．rather than ____________ 7．a number of __________________ 8．instead of ____________ 9．lead to ____________ 10．look up at ________________ 而不是 若干，一些；许多 代替 导致；通向 抬头看；往上看 典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　动词-ed形式短语作后置定语 教材原句　On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential scientists，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，_________(享年76岁). 2．句型公式　as引导时间状语从句 教材原句　However，_________________________(随着他的病情继续恶化)，he lost the use of his hands. aged 76 as his illness became worse 3．句型公式　what引导名词性从句 教材原句　However，many people could not really understand ___________ ________ (他写的内容). 4．句型公式　动词不定式作目的状语 教材原句　In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way __________________________ ______________(去发现宇宙最深处的秘密). what he had to discover the deepest secrets of the universe 返回 written 语基讲练　提能力 返回 归 纳 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 overcome vt. 克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜 (教材原句)Hawking was famous，not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology，but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control). 霍金不仅因在理论物理学和宇宙学方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎缩侧索硬化症(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战而令人敬佩。 overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistance 克服困难/障碍/难题/阻力 be overcome by/with 被……压倒/制服　　 1 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The girl appeared to be overcome ______ homesickness! ②He was then overcome ____ a terrible fit of coughing. ③我希望你努力去克服这个困难，无论有多难。(应用文写作之表达愿望) I hope you will make efforts to _____________________，no matter how hard it is. 温馨提示　be overcome with后常跟情绪/感觉(joy，grief，fear等)而be overcome by后面常跟的是外部的，导致被征服或推动行动能力的事物(smoke，an enemy等)。 with by overcome the difficulty 归 纳 decline vi. 减少，降低；拒绝 (教材原句)Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades，he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes. 尽管在过去几十年里霍金的身体机能不断下降，但他从未停止过研究，并且对黑洞有了许多新的想法。 (1)be in decline　　 处于下降、衰退中 on the decline 在衰退，在减少 (2)decline by/to 下降了/到…… decline to do sth 拒绝做某事　　 2 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined ____ 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests. ②As the economy was _____ decline，some people in the town had lost their jobs. ③It makes me very sad，because I see that things are ____ the decline. ④一些学生拒绝参加小组活动，这对他们的团队合作技能并无益处。(应用文写作之建议信) Some students ____________________________________，which is not beneficial for their teamwork skills. 温馨提示　表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by，后面常跟百分数；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to，后面常跟具体数字。 by in on decline to participate in group activities 认知深化 1．一词多义——overcome A.征服，战胜　B．克服(困难)　C．受到……的极大影响 ①She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal. ____ ②In the final game Sweden easily overcame France. ____ ③Her parents were overcome with grief at the funeral. ____ 2．熟词生义 ①It'll cost you five grand! ________________ ②I don't think you realise the gravity of the situation. __________ B A C n.一千美元/英镑 n.严重性 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：what引导名词性从句 (教材原句)However，many people could not really understand what he had written. 然而，许多人并不能真正理解他写的内容。 归 纳 (1)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，主要作主语、表语和宾语。 (2)可以译成多种意思： ①……的东西或事情；……的人或样子； ②……的数量或数目； ③……的时间； ④……的地方等。　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The student completed this experiment to make ______ Professor Joseph had said come true. ②I lived in _______ you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. ③我很想知道在即将到来的艺术节中会组织哪些活动。(应用文写作之学校生活) I am eager to know ___________________________ in the coming art festival. what what what activities will be organized 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共6分) 1．He is consciously trying to __________(克服) his weakness. 2．Matter plays a central role in ___________(宇宙学). 3．The wedding was a very _______ (隆重的) occasion. 4．The number of tourists to the resort ________(减少) by 10% last year. 5．She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash _______(奖金). 6．The stone rolled down the mountain by g______. 语境基础练 overcome cosmology grand declined bonus ravity 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．I would stay at home rather _____ go shopping with you. 2．I want advice that's realistic rather than ___________ (theory). 3．The scientist has made great achievements so we all look _____ to him. 4．____ spite of the fog，the crew can distinguish the coastline fairly well. 5．Ann __________ (overcome) her shyness and gave us a speech in public. 6．He declined _____________ (comment)on the controversial issue，saying he needed more time to think. than theoretical up In overcame to comment 7．We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated ______ practice. 8．Every day ____ number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower dating back to as early as 800 years ago. 9．He didn't study hard for the exam. As ____ result，he failed to pass it and felt very disappointed. from a a 维度三　完成句子(每小题4分，共20分) 1．这个旨在帮助无家可归者的项目成立了。(动词-ed形式短语作后置定语) The program，__________________________，was set up. 2．随着高考的临近，我们正忙着为它做充分的准备。(as引导时间状语从句) ___________________________________________，we are busy making full preparations for it. 3．为了赢得比赛，所有运动员一直在刻苦训练。(动词不定式作目的状语) _______________，all the players keep training hard. intended to help the homeless As the College Entrance Examination approaches To win the game 4．除了学业学习之外，我总是挤出时间做我感兴趣的事情。(what引导名词性从句) Apart from my academic studies，I always manage to find time for _________ ____________. 5．我上周从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。(that引导定语从句) The book ____________________________________ is very interesting. what I'm that I borrowed from the library last week interested in 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Stephen Hawking was born in 1942.He studied at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge，1．_____ at the age of 21，he 2．_____________(diagnose) with a serious disease.However，he finished his education and got a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and continued his work in 3．__________ (theory) physics and cosmology.While his reputation for his work spread，his physical ability got 4．_______ (bad).In 1985，after 5．_____ operation，he started to use a piece of speech-generating equipment 6．________ (help) him but was diagnosed theoretical worse an to help talk. However，Hawking never ceased his studies and he continued to develop his theories on the universe.Hawking believed that he was not an 7．________ (lucky) person.From his diagnosis at 21 he regarded everything since then 8．____ a bonus.He was proud of his family and his work，and he appreciated the help that many people had given him.On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential 9．_________ (scientist)，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，10．______ (age) 76. unlucky as scientists aged Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·河北保定月考) A team of engineers and materials scientists has developed a groundbreaking design that enables battery pouches—lithium-ion (锂离子) battery soft packs—to become far more flexible and stretchable than ever before. Their innovative approach，published in Matter，shows that by strategically placing holes of a specific size and shape in particular locations，it's possible to turn a battery pouch—traditionally only slightly flexible—into one capable of stretching significantly or even folding 180 degrees without compromising performance. This is part of a broader effort to integrate electronics more smoothly into everyday life，particularly through wearable technology. 素能提升练 Traditionally，pouch batteries used in various electronic devices are somewhat flexible but are typically limited in how far they can bend or stretch. Previous researchers have experimented with creating holes in the battery material，using round or square cuts in different configurations (布局)，but the results were often unsatisfactory or came at the cost of the battery's capacity. The new research goes further. Instead of random holes，the team strategically cut rectangular holes in the battery material，which are in both longer and shorter shapes，helping maintain the structural integrity of the battery while allowing for more stretchability. The placement and dimensions of these holes were carefully selected after testing how they impacted the flexibility and stretching properties of the battery. The researchers discovered that this particular arrangement of holes significantly enhanced the stretchability of the battery. The battery design was capable of withstanding stretches of up to 10% of its original length. Furthermore，the battery maintained its ability to hold a charge even when folded 180 degrees，an achievement that was previously difficult to achieve without damaging the device. Additionally，the researchers found that the battery design was not only more breathable than traditional batteries but also twice as breathable as cotton. This is a critical factor for wearables，particularly in clothing，as it ensures that the device remains comfortable to wear，even for extended periods. With this new battery design，the possibilities for wearable electronics are significantly expanded. The new flexible battery could also be a game-changer for other applications beyond clothing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个工程师和材料科学家团队开发出一种突破性的电池设计，使锂离子电池软包变得更灵活、可拉伸，并介绍了该设计的创新之处、优势以及应用前景。 1．What does the underlined “without compromising performance” in Paragraph 1 mean？ A．Without losing beauty. B．Without increasing the cost. C．Without reducing efficiency. D．Without yielding to short-term interests. √ 词义猜测题。根据第一段“by strategically placing holes...without compromising performance” 以及“This is part of a broader effort to integrate electronics more smoothly into everyday life，particularly through wearable technology.” 可知，这种电池能够折叠且能够顺利地融入日常生活。所以这里的 “without compromising performance” 指的是在电池包变得更灵活可拉伸的同时，不会降低其效率。故选 C。 2．What was the problem with previous researchers' attempts？ A．They reduced the battery's capacity. B．They used rectangular cuts which were ineffective. C．They increased battery's charging time. D．They enhanced the weight of the batteries. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Previous researchers have experimented...at the cost of the battery's capacity.” 可知，以前研究人员的尝试存在降低电池容量的问题。故选 A。 3．What is the breakthrough in the new battery technology？ A．It has longer service life with less holes. B．It can maintain its charging capacity when folded. C．It is softer and more breathable when stretched. D．It can be produced at a faster speed. √ 细节理解题。根据第四段“Furthermore，the battery maintained its ability to hold a charge even when folded 180 degrees，an achievement that was previously difficult to achieve without damaging the device.” 可知，新电池技术的突破在于折叠时能保持充电能力。故选 B。 4．What is the author most likely to talk about next？ A．Examples of other applications of the new battery. B．The breathability of the new battery for wearables. C．The cost reduction strategies of the new flexible battery. D．Comparison between new and old batteries. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The new flexible battery could also be a game-changer for other applications beyond clothing.” 可推知，接下来作者最有可能谈论新电池在其他方面的应用实例。故选 A。 B When you go running in the woods in your running tights，elastane (氨纶) is the reason why they fit you so comfortably.Elastane is an elastic material that allows the fabric to stretch and adapt to your body. But when elastane fibres are mixed with cotton，wool，nylon or other fibres，as is the case in many clothes today，the clothes become almost impossible to recycle.It is extremely difficult to separate out the different fibres，and therefore the materials in the clothes cannot be recycled. But this may change，says Assistant Professor Steffan Kvist Kristensen from the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center at Aarhus University.Together with a number of colleagues，he is behind a new technology that can separate out fibres in mixed fabrics. “We've developed a method to remove elastane completely from nylon.We're not quite there yet with cotton，because some of the cotton fibres are broken down in the process.But we believe that，with some minor adjustments，we can solve this problem，” he says. It is not easy to separate elastane and other fibres once they have been woven(编织) together.Clothes are made by winding the main fibres，such as nylon or cotton，around the elastane fibres，which consist of long chains of molecules (分子).The fibres only break apart if we break the long chains of molecules，explains Steffan Kvist Kristensen. By heating the clothes to 225 degrees Celsius and adding a specific alcohol，the researchers have found a method to break down the bonds in elastane chain.When this happens，the chains fall apart and the materials separate.“The whole process takes place in what is in effect a large pressure cooker that we feed the clothes into.We then add a little alcohol and a potassium hydroxide(氢氧化钾) base and heat it up.Then we let it cook for just over four hours，and when we open the lid again，the different fibres will have been separated，” says Steffan Kvist Kristensen. So far，Steffan Kvist Kristensen and his colleagues have only experimented with two nylon stockings at a time.The technology is therefore not yet ready for application at industrial scale. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员开发了新技术，可以从混合织物中分离出纤维，让这些材料能够再次回收利用。 5．What can we learn about elastane from the passage？ A．It is an eco-friendly material. B．It is a kind of stretchable fabric. C．It makes the clothes far from recycling. D．It is made up of short chains of molecules. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段“But when elastane fibres are mixed with cotton，wool，nylon or other fibres，as is the case in many clothes today，the clothes become almost impossible to recycle.”可知，氨纶使得衣服难以回收。故选C。 6．Why is a pressure cooker used in the experiment according to the text？ A．To separate more fibres. B．To reduce the heating time. C．To increase the temperature to 225 ℃. D．To ensure the safety of the experiment. √ 推理判断题。根据第六段“Then we let it cook for just over four hours，and when we open the lid again，the different fibres will have been separated”可推知，在实验中使用压力锅是为了减少加热时间。故选B。 7．What can be inferred about this new technology？ A．It can separate all sorts of fibres. B．It needs plenty of energy to work. C．There is a long way before it is widely used. D．There is no possibility to separate elastane from cotton. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，新技术距离广泛应用还有很长的路要走。故选C。 8．What is Steffan Kvist Kristensen's attitude to this new technology？ A．Satisfied. B．Confident. C．Critical. D．Unclear. √ 观点态度题。根据第四段内容可推知，Steffan Kvist Kristensen对这项新技术充满信心。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·湖南长沙质检) DeepSeek：A Rising Star in the AI Field In recent years，the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable advancements，and one name that has been making waves is DeepSeek. 1 DeepSeek is an innovative AI technology developed by Hangzhou DeepSeek Artificial Intelligence Co.，Ltd. It stands out for its powerful language-processing capabilities. 2 It can handle a wide range of natural language tasks with high accuracy，from text generation to question-answering systems. For example，when given a complex topic for writing an article，DeepSeek can quickly generate well-structured and coherent text，incorporating relevant information and ideas. 3 In the field of education，it can serve as a personalized learning assistant. It can analyze students' learning patterns and answer their various questions，providing instant feedback and guidance. In the business world，DeepSeek can be used for customer service. It can understand customers' inquiries in real-time and offer accurate and efficient responses，enhancing the overall customer experience. However，like any emerging technology，DeepSeek also faces some challenges. 4 There are concerns about the potential biases in the data it is trained on，which could lead to unfair or inaccurate results. Additionally，as it becomes more integrated into various aspects of our lives，issues related to data privacy and security also come to the forefront. 5 With continuous research and development，it is expected to break through the current limitations. For instance，efforts are being made to improve the data pre-processing techniques to reduce biases. Moreover，more advanced security measures are being explored to ensure the safe use of this technology. A．The future of DeepSeek looks promising. B．It has a wide range of applications in different fields. C．Let's take a closer look at what makes it so special. D．It is designed to understand，interpret，and generate human language. E．The development of DeepSeek is based on years of in-depth research. F．One of the main challenges is related to the quality and quantity of data. G．DeepSeek has already shown great potential in the field of content creation. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI领域的新星DeepSeek，以及它的技术本身、应用场景、挑战与未来展望。 DeepSeek：A Rising Star in the AI Field In recent years，the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable advancements，and one name that has been making waves is DeepSeek. _______________________________________________ 文章开篇“In recent years，the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable advancements，and one name that has been making waves is DeepSeek.” 引出DeepSeek，接下来应是进一步阐述它的特别之处，C选项“让我们仔细看看是什么让它如此特别。”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对DeepSeek特点的介绍，故选C。 C．Let's take a closer look at what makes it so special. DeepSeek is an innovative AI technology developed by Hangzhou DeepSeek Artificial Intelligence Co.，Ltd. It stands out for its powerful language-processing capabilities. ____________________________________ ___________________________ It can handle a wide range of natural language tasks with high accuracy，from text generation to question-answering systems. For example，when given a complex topic for writing an article，DeepSeek can quickly generate well-structured and coherent text，incorporating relevant information and ideas. D．It is designed to understand，interpret，and generate human language. 前一句“It stands out for its powerful language-processing capabilities.” 提到Deepseek有强大的语言处理能力，D选项“它旨在理解、解释和生成人类语言。”具体解释了它在语言处理方面的功能，即理解、解释和生成人类语言，与上下文紧密衔接，故选D。 ________________________________________________ In the field of education，it can serve as a personalized learning assistant. It can analyze students' learning patterns and answer their various questions，providing instant feedback and guidance. In the business world，DeepSeek can be used for customer service. It can understand customers' inquiries in real-time and offer accurate and efficient responses，enhancing the overall customer experience. 后文“In the field of education，it can...enhancing the overall customer experience.” 分别介绍了DeepSeek在教育和商业领域的应用，B选项“它在不同的领域有着广泛的应用。”是对后文内容的概括，说明它在不同领域有广泛应用，故选B。 B．It has a wide range of applications in different fields. However，like any emerging technology，DeepSeek also faces some challenges. _____________________________________________________ ________________ There are concerns about the potential biases in the data it is trained on，which could lead to unfair or inaccurate results. Additionally，as it becomes more integrated into various aspects of our lives，issues related to data privacy and security also come to the forefront. F．One of the main challenges is related to the quality and quantity of data. 前文“However，like any emerging technology，DeepSeek also faces some challenges.” 提到DeepSeek面临挑战，后文“There are concerns about the potential biases in the data it is trained on，which could lead to unfair or inaccurate results.”具体阐述了数据方面的问题，如训练数据的潜在偏差，F选项“主要挑战之一与数据的质量和数量有关。”指出主要挑战与数据质量和数量有关，符合语境，故选F。 _______________________________________ With continuous research and development，it is expected to break through the current limitations. For instance，efforts are being made to improve the data pre-processing techniques to reduce biases. Moreover，more advanced security measures are being explored to ensure the safe use of this technology. 后文“With continuous research and development...to ensure the safe use of this technology.” 提到随着研发，它有望突破限制，还列举了一些改进措施，A选项“DeepSeek的未来看起来很有希望。”表明DeepSeek未来很有前景，引出后文对其未来发展的描述，故选A。 A．The future of DeepSeek looks promising. Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·辽宁抚顺联考) “China is already in 2030！” said the Hutchinsons，a British family 1．_________ own almost 200，000 followers on an online platform，when they experienced their first drone delivery service in Shenzhen. So far，this vlog 2．___________ (top) all of their posts，gaining an eye-catching 7.8 million views. who/that has topped The rapid development of smart technologies in China has amazed many foreign visitors as they go to China after the launch of the 144-hour visa-free policy. For instance，videos of a robot 3．___________ (deliver) food to the corresponding hotel room have swept across social media and gained lots of likes. Allison Paige，a travel vlogger，shared her video showing the same robot service 4．____ action at her hotel room with just several taps (轻敲) on her mobile. “This is just so great and convenient. This is something I 5．___________ (absolute) love about staying in hotels here，” she said. delivering in absolutely “Driverless taxi in China” is also among the popular 6．_________ (search) on social media. Italian influencer Andrea posted a video of himself taking a driverless taxi in Guangzhou. The built-in screen showed the 7．____________ (surround) situation to him as the taxi went. After a short yet smooth ride，Andrea got to his destination and waved goodbye to the taxi. “This is mind-blowing，” said Andrea. China issued a guideline on promoting the development of smart cities and urban digital transformation to make urban 8．____________(manage) smarter. By 2027，China expects 9．______(see) significant progress in the digital transformation of urban areas and will have built 10．___ number of smart cities that are more livable and resilient，according to the guideline. searches surrounding management to see a 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国智能技术发展令外国游客惊叹及相关举措。 1．答案：who/that 2．答案：has topped 考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a British family，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语this vlog是单数，助动词应用has。故填has topped。 3．答案：delivering 4．答案：in 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have swept，空处应用非谓语形式，逻辑主语a robot与deliver之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填delivering。 考查介词。此处是固定短语in action，意为“在运转中；在起作用；在行动中”。故填in。 5．答案：absolutely 6．答案：searches 考查副词。此处修饰动词love，应用副词absolutely“绝对地”作状语。故填absolutely。 考查名词复数。根据空前的among the popular可知，此处应用名词复数形式searches，介词短语among the popular searches意为“在热门搜索之中”。故填searches。 7．答案：surrounding 8．答案：management 考查形容词。此处修饰名词situation，应用形容词surrounding“周围的；附近的”，作定语。故填surrounding。 考查名词。此处作宾语，应用名词management，urban management意为“城市管理”。故填management。 9．答案：to see 10．答案：a 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配expect to do sth意为“期望做某事”。故填to see。 考查冠词。固定搭配a number of意为“许多；大量”。故填a。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 12　INNOVATION 返回 $