精品解析：上海市闵行中学2025-2026学年高二年级第一学期期中英语考试题

闵行中学2025-2026学年第一学期高二年级 英语学科期中考试卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25分) Section A Short Conversations（10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted 2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10. 3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant. C. A saleswoman. D. A waitress. 4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store. 5. A. He hasn't had a chance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news. C. He didn't know that Kathy was being moved. D. His new office will be located in New York. 6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver. C. There are no flights to Toronto. D. There are two direct flights to. Toronto. 7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about George's remarks. C. George does not care about her. D. George shouldn't have said much about her 8. A. She can't afford that much for a trip. B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C. She doesn't think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting. 10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident. B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. C. The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. D. The man's daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home. Section B Passages（15分） Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions I1 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Future researchers. B. College students. C. Company employees. D. Successful artists. 12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries. C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs. D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities. 13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The benefits of walking B. The importance of keeping fit. C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly. 15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory. C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people needn't concentrate on it. 16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people's life. C. It can make people's hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours. C He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night. 18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom. C. To release pressure from heavy work. D. To look for information for his project. 19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. It's a waste of time to surf the Internet. C. A lot of information can be found. D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet. 20. A People spend much time talking about other interests. B. If takes long to find things because of many useless sites C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom. D It's hardly the best source of information available. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30分) Section A（10分） Directions: Choose the best answer. 1. ________ his 1-year-old smart phone still works perfectly, he feels the need to replace it. A. When B. Although C. As D. Since 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管他用了一年的智能手机仍然运行得很完美，但他还是觉得有必要更换它。A. When当……时；B. Although尽管，虽然；C. As因为，尽管；D. Since自从，因为。根据“his 1-year-old smart phone still works perfectly”与“he feels the need to replace it”可知，前后两句为转折关系，“手机运行完美”与“想要更换”形成对比，Although表转折，符合语境（as引导让步状语从句需倒装）。故选B。 2. Many customers will have to wait for months to buy this kind of cars ________ the assembly line workers work day and night. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非装配线工人日夜工作，否则许多顾客将不得不等好几个月才能买到这种汽车。A. if如果；B. unless除非，如果不；C. whether是否；D. that（引导从句，无实际含义）。“工人日夜工作”是“顾客不用久等”的前提，unless“除非”符合语境。故选B。 3. ________ you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make your presentation organized and dynamic. A. Either B. When C. Whether D. No matter 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：无论你是参加演讲比赛，还是在课堂上进行演讲，稍作准备都会让你的演讲条理清晰、充满活力。根据后文“you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class”可知为句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。故选C。 4. You had better conduct the experiment ________ your professor has instructed you; otherwise you may fail to complete it. A. as B. that C. where D. for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：你最好按照你的教授指导你的那样做这个实验；否则你可能无法完成它。A. as按照，如同；B. that引导名词性从句，无实际含义，不充当句子成分；C. where在……地方；D. for因为。根据“your professor has instructed you”可知，此处表示“按照教授指导的方式”做实验，as“按照”，引导方式状语从句。故选A。 5. The song “Happy Birthday” is so simple in rhythm ________ children as young as three can sing it without difficulty. A. as B. and C. if D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：《生日快乐》这首歌节奏如此简单，以至于三岁大的孩子都能毫无困难地唱出来。A. as如同；B. and和；C. if如果；D. that如此……以至于。根据前文“so simple in rhythm”可知，此处为so...that...结构，表示结果，that契合语义。故选D项。 6. I was about to set out on my trip ________ someone called in, which made me annoyed. A. while B. as C. before D. when 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正要出发去旅行，这时有人打电话进来，这让我很不高兴。此处为句型be about to do sth. when...表示“正要做某事，这时……”。故选D。 7. She stepped into the bedroom quietly, ________ she might wake up her roommate. A. for fear that B. in case that C. on condition that D. in order that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她悄悄地走进卧室，生怕会吵醒她的室友。A. for fear that生怕，唯恐（担心发生不好的事）；B. in case that以防，万一；C. on condition that条件是；D. in order that为了，目的在于。根据后文“she might wake up her roommate”可知，她生怕会吵醒她的室友。故选A。 8. If you are travelling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. to which B. when C. after D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你正在一个和你自己的风俗习惯不同的地方旅行，那么你就要入乡随俗。此处表示在一个和自己风俗习惯不同的地方旅行，是地点状语从句，故应用where引导，故选D。 9. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary ________ it helps us to correct our mistakes. A in that B. but that C. now that D. as if 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：批评与自我批评是必要的，因为这有助于我们纠正错误。A. in that因为；B. but that除了，要不是；C. now that既然，强调已知情况，此处不符合语境；D. as if好像。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用in that。故选A。 10. It was thirty years ________ he was invited as an outstanding alumnus to celebrate the 128th anniversary of the university. A. when B. before C. since D. as 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：整整三十年之后，他才被邀请作为杰出校友参加这所大学的 128 周年校庆活动。A. when当……时候；B. before到……为止,到……之前；C. since既然；D. as因为。It be+ 一段时间+before是固定句型，意思是“过了多少时间才……”。故选B。 Section B（10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Buy, buy in Bangkok The city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily. Even if you are just in town for a few days, ___11___ (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those ___12___ like to keep the swings open. It is in Central Bangkok ___13___ you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，which has a “one-stop shopping” philosophy ___14___ (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice ___15___ clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. For Muslim customers there’s a prayer room ___16___ (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkok’s VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists ___17___ claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent ___18___ they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airport. Just a few minutes’ walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkok’s popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters —that’s 77 soccer fields — of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 15-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and ___19___ (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors _____20_____ (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment environments. 【答案】11. shopping 12. who 13. that 14. featuring 15. about/on 16. located 17. can 18. if 19. the largest 20. to keep 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在泰国曼谷购物和娱乐是一种不容错过的体验。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：即使你只是在那呆几天，在曼谷购物也是一种不容错过的体验。此处的shop为动词，表示 “购物”，分析句子结构可知应该用动名词作主语，故填shopping。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：从有空调的商场到热闹的市场，对于那些喜欢逛街的人来说，这是一次天堂之旅。先行为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who。 【13题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：在曼谷市中心，你还会发现吸引人的娱乐场所和精致奢华的高档消费场所。将It is和空处去掉后句子结构依然完整，因此本句为强调句型（基本结构为：it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分），本句强调的是地点状语in Central Bangkok，故填that。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司拥有“一站式购物”的购物理念，从国际和本地顶级品牌中挑选多种商品。a “one-stop shopping” philosophy 与feature之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：店内服务包括个人时尚造型师，他们会为你提供最适合你的服装、化妆、发型设计和配饰方面的专业建议。advice about/on表示“关于……的建议”，故填about/on。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：六楼有一个为穆斯林游客准备的祈祷室。be located+介词表示“位于”，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填located。 【17题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这意味着，如果大多数游客在一天内花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税，他们可以申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税。根据句意可知此处表示“能够、可以”，故填can。 【18题详解】 考查条件状语从句。句意同上，根据句意可知，花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税是游客申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税的条件，此处表示“如果”，故填if。 【19题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：“中心世界”占地55万平方米，拥有77个足球零售和娱乐场所，其中包括两个大型商店Zen和Isetan、500多家商店、100家Pius餐厅、15个银幕影院、一个溜冰场和亚洲最大的超市。根据句意可知此处指的是“亚洲最大的超市”，突出“中心世界”的规模之大，故填the largest。 【20题详解】 考查不定式。句意：那里有训练有素的主管去密切关注他们，确保他们充分利用寓教于乐的环境。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。 Section B（10分） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultivating B. delayers C. temptation D. effectively E. motivational F. energized G. scheduling H. favorable I. identify J. vision K. monitored It is tempting, when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse, to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point. “Oh well,” you might say, surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer. “No willpower, that’s my problem.” But, according to a body of scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. It is a skill to be practised. “Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.” explains Frank Ryan, consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies. “Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation. Everybody can learn to use their willpower more____21____.” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year,____22____willpower is a good idea, as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s. In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes. Their performance was then____23____into adulthood. The “high____24____” went on to achieve greater academic success, better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,” Ryan says, “we should____25____our willpower profile. For example: some people are more impulsive than others. That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get____26____by thoughts and ideas. So, if that’s you, you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner____27____than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval. For introverts,____28____time to reflect on your progress, such as keeping a diary can be helpful. For extroverts, signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve, as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,” Ryan adds. “It’s about coping with____29____which often comes from the environment, the people, places or things that act as_____30_____magnets to challenge your willpower.” In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. K 24. B 25. I 26. F 27. J 28. G 29. C 30. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕意志力展开讨论，阐述了意志力并非天生的天赋，而是一种可培养的技能，同时结合科学研究和心理学家的建议，给出了最大化意志力、坚持新年决心的具体方法。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：每个人都能学会更有效地运用自己的意志力。空处修饰动词use，需用副词，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“有效运用”，副词effectively“有效地”符合题意。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动名词。句意：即使你不想在新的一年里开启新篇章，培养意志力也是一个好主意，正如心理学家沃尔特·米歇尔在20世纪60年代和70年代所证明的那样。空处作主语，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“培养意志力”，动名词cultivating“培养”符合题意。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词被动语态。句意：他们的表现随后被追踪监测至成年。空处作谓语，主语Their performance与动词构成被动关系，结合语境，此处指研究中孩子们的表现被持续监测，动词monitor“监测；追踪”符合题意，此处为被动语态，用过去分词形式。故选K。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：那些“高延迟满足者”后来取得了更高的学术成就、更好的健康状况和更低的离婚率。结合前文实验“In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes.”可知此处指“能延迟满足的人”，名词delayers“延迟者；延迟满足者”符合题意。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：瑞安说，为了最大限度地提高我们坚持决心的机会，我们应该认清自己的意志力特征。空处前有情态动词should，需用动词原形，结合后文“For example: some people are more impulsive than others.”可知此处指“认清、识别自己的意志力特征”，动词identify“识别；认清”符合题意。故选I。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：内向的人往往会被想法和观点激励。空处作表语，需用形容词，结合后文“you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner”可知此处指“被激励、充满活力”，动词energize“激励”符合题意，get energized by“被……激励”。故选F。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：所以，如果你是内向的人，你会发现，与那些被他人和社会认可激励的外向者相比，你更容易被内在愿景激励。空处前有形容词inner修饰，需用名词，结合语境，此处指“内在的愿景、目标”，名词vision“愿景；构想”符合题意。故选J。 【28题详解】 考查动名词。句意：对于内向的人来说，安排时间反思自己的进步，比如写日记，会很有帮助。空处作主语，结合“time to reflect on your progress”可知此处指“安排时间”，动名词scheduling“安排；计划”符合题意。故选G。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处作coping with的宾语，结合后文“In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts.”可知此处指“诱惑”，名词temptation“诱惑”符合题意。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有利的/有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处修饰名词magnets，需用形容词，结合语境，此处指“能吸引、挑战意志力的磁体”，形容词favorable“有利的；有吸引力的”符合题意。故选H。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A（15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C. and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Many people learn at an early age to associate the color red with danger. So might it make sense to print medication ____31____ in red ink? And since the color blue is known to call to mind the freedom of open skies, might it help artists to ____32____ in a studio painted in that color? According to new research into how the brain reacts to ____33____ , the answer to both of these questions is yes. The study revealed that the color red seems to improve a subject’s attention to ____34____ , while blue appears to stimulate creativity—all without the subject realizing that his or her brain is being influenced. “People are not ____35____ this effect at all,” marveled the study’s lead researcher Juliet Zhu, who studies the effects of environmental cues on behavior. To study the brain’s response to specific colors, Zhu’s team administered a series of ____36____ tests to college students. For most of the tests, the students were placed in front of a computer screen that was colored either red or blue. The researchers found that when the screen was red, subjects performed better on detail-oriented tasks. In one test, ____37____ , students were asked to memorize a list of words. Zhu found that students who studied the list displayed on a red screen were able to recall more words than students who studied the list on a ____38____ screen. In other tests, creative abilities seemed to be ____39____ by looking at the color blue. For instance, the students were asked to brainstorm potential uses for bricks. Students sitting in front of blue screens tended to come up with ideas that were ____40____ , such as “make a paperweight” and “build a pet scratching post.” Students sitting in front of a red screen, on the other hand, were more likely to list ____41____ uses for bricks, such as “build a house.” Researchers concluded from the tests that seeing red causes people to take the extra time to think ____42____ when performing detail-oriented tasks, such as ____43____ , proofreading— and, of course, reading those all-important warning labels. ____44____ most people learn early in their development that red signifies potential danger, Zhu said, seeing red perhaps helps people to slow down in order to perform at their best in a potentially risky situation. Seeing blue, on the other hand, produces images of the sky, freedom and peace. Perhaps these images, researchers supposed, ____45____ feelings. “It’s really this learned association with these colors that drives these different motivations,” Zhu said. 31. A. instructions B. symptoms C. warnings D. treatments 32. A. create B. relax C. decorate D. design 33. A. skies B. medication C. colors D. paint 34. A. danger B. detail C. emotions D. vigor 35. A. distracted by B. aware of C. content with D. curious about 36. A. cognitive B. intelligence C. mental D. memory 37. A. on one hand B. at the same time C. for example D. that is 38. A. grey B. blue C. green D. white 39. A. proven B. acquired C. recognized D. enhanced 40. A. more abstract B. more positive C. more innovative D. more valuable 41. A. practical B. academic C. economical D. profitable 42. A. critically B. logically C. carefully D. independently 43 A. painting B. memorizing C. designing D. brainstorming 44. A. Unless B. When C. Since D. Though 45. A. turn up B. stir up C. set off D. give off 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红色和蓝色对人的大脑的影响。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，用红墨水打印药物警告有意义吗？A. instructions说明书；B. symptoms症状；C. warnings警告；D. treatments治疗。根据前文“Many people learn at an early age to associate the color red with danger. ”可知，红色是和危险联系在一起，所以用红墨水表示警告。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然蓝色会让人联想到空旷天空的自由，那么它是否有助于艺术家在画室中用这种颜色进行创作呢？A. create创造；B. relax放松；C. decorate装饰；D. design设计。根据后文“while blue appears to stimulate creativity”可知，蓝色有助于艺术家在画室中用这种颜色进行创作。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据一项关于大脑对颜色反应的新研究，这两个问题的答案都是肯定的。A. skies天空；B. medication药物；C. colors颜色；D. paint油漆。根据后文“The study revealed that the color red seems to improve a subject’s attention”可知，这项研究，研究的是大脑对颜色反应。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，红色似乎能提高受试者对细节的注意力，而蓝色似乎能激发创造力——所有这些受试者都没有意识到他或她的大脑受到了影响。A. danger危险；B. detail细节；C. emotions情感；D. vigor活力。根据后文“The researchers found that when the screen was red, subjects performed better on detail-oriented tasks.”可知，红色似乎能提高受试者对细节的注意力。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：“人们根本没有意识到这种影响，”该研究的首席研究员朱莉叶(Juliet Zhu)惊叹道，她研究的是环境线索对行为的影响。A. distracted by被……分心；B. aware of意识到；C. content with满足于；D. curious about对……好奇。根据后文“all without the subject realizing that his or her brain is being influenced.”可知，这些受试者都没有意识到他或她的大脑受到了影响，所以是人们没有意识到这种影响。故选B项。 【36题详解】 考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：为了研究大脑对特定颜色的反应，朱教授的团队对大学生进行了一系列认知测试。A. cognitive认知的；B. intelligence智力；C. mental精神的；D. memory记忆力。根据前文“To study the brain’s response to specific colors”可知，测试是为了研究大脑对特定颜色的反应，所以是认知测试。故选A项。 【37题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在一次测试中，学生们被要求记住一组单词。A. on one hand一方面；B. at the same time同时；C. for example例如；D. that is换言之。根据后文“students were asked to memorize a list of words”可知，此处是在举例子。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朱教授发现，学习红色屏幕单词表的学生比学习蓝色屏幕单词表的学生能记住更多单词。A. grey灰色的；B. blue蓝色的；C. green绿色的；D. white白色的。根据前文“For most of the tests, the students were placed in front of a computer screen that was colored either red or blue.”可知，屏幕上的颜色是红色和蓝色，所以此处是红色屏幕单词和蓝色屏幕比较。故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在其他测试中，看蓝色似乎能增强创造力。A. proven证明；B. acquired获得；C. recognized承认；D. enhanced增强。根据前文“while blue appears to stimulate creativity”可知，蓝色能增强创造力。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在蓝屏前的学生往往会想出更具创新性的想法，比如“做一个镇纸”和“做一个宠物抓挠柱”。A. more abstract更抽象的；B. more positive更积极的；C. more innovative更具创新性的；D. more valuable更有价值的。根据前文“In other tests, creative abilities seemed to be 　　　　9　　　　 by looking at the color blue.”可知，蓝色能增强创造力，所以是想出更具创新性的想法。故选C项。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，坐在红色屏幕前的学生更有可能列出砖块的实际用途，比如“盖房子”。A. practical实际的；B. academic学术的；C. economical经济的；D. profitable赢利的。根据后文“such as “build a house.””根据举例可知，是实际用途。故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员从测试中得出结论，看到红色会让人们在执行细节导向型任务时花费额外的时间仔细思考，比如记忆、校对，当然还有阅读那些非常重要的警告标签。A. critically批判地；B. logically逻辑上；C. carefully仔细地；D. independently独立地。根据后文“Zhu said, seeing red perhaps helps people to slow down in order to perform at their best in a potentially risky situation.”可知，看到红色可能有助于人们放慢速度，所以会仔细思考。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员从测试中得出结论，看到红色会让人们在执行细节导向型任务时花费额外的时间仔细思考，比如记忆、校对，当然还有阅读那些非常重要的警告标签。A. painting涂漆；B. memorizing记忆；C. designing设计；D. brainstorming集思广益。根据前文“students were asked to memorize a list of words. Zhu found that students who studied the list displayed on a red screen were able to recall more words”可知，记忆是细节导向型任务。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：朱说，由于大多数人在发育早期就知道红色意味着潜在的危险，看到红色可能有助于人们放慢速度，以便在潜在的危险情况下表现出最佳状态。A. Unless除非；B. When当……时；C. Since由于；D. Though虽然。根据后文“most people learn early in their development that red signifies potential danger”可知，此处是在解释看到红色会让人们放慢速度的原因，引导的是原因状语从句，应用since引导。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究人员推测，也许是这些图像激起了人们的情绪。A. turn up露面；B. stir up引起；C. set off动身；D. give off释放。根据前文“Seeing blue, on the other hand, produces images of the sky, freedom and peace.”可知，人们看到蓝色会有自由和平的形象，推知是图像引起感觉。故选B项。 Section B（22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The train was speeding onward and the plains of Texas were pouring eastward. A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The man’s face was reddened from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new black clothes was that from time to time he looked down respectfully at his clothes. He sat with a hand on each knee, like a man waiting in a barber’s shop. The glace she devoted to other passengers were shy. The bride was not pretty. She wore a dress of blue cashmere. She continually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves. They embarrassed her. The blushes （脸红）caused by the careless glances of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see. They were evidently very happy. “Ever been in a parlor-car （特等火车）before?” he asked, smiling with delight. “No,” she answered; “I never was. It’s fine，ain’t it?” “Great! And then after a while we’ll go forward to the dinner. Fresh meal in the world. Charge a dollar. ” “Oh, do they?” cried the bride. “Charge a dollar? Why，that’s too much — for us — ain’t it, Jack?” Later he explained to her about the trains. “You see, if s a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops but four times.” He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach; and in truth her eyes opened wider and she watched the sea-green velvet（丝绒人）, the shining bronze，silver, and glass, the wood that glowed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze statue held a support for a separated room, and on the ceiling were frescos（壁画）in olive and silver. To the minds of the pair, their surroundings reflected the glory of their marriage that morning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new estate; and the man’s face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This porter at times surveyed them with an amused and superior grin. On other occasions he bullied them with skill in ways that did not make it easy to them that they were being bullied. He oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and infrequently, a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive （嘲讽的）enjoyment. At last they went to the dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing white suits, surveyed their entrance with the interest. The pair fell to the seats of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in steering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly guide, his face radiant with kindness. The service, coupled with the ordinary deference（毕恭毕敬），was rare to them. And yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in their faces a sense of escape. 46. The description of the couple's clothes and behaviour seems to indicate that they had a sense of ____. A. superiority B. awkwardness C. despair D. satisfaction 47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The interior of the coach was luxurious and modem. B. The Negro porter was very helpful to the couple. C. It was the first time for the couple to take a train in Texas. D. Some passengers on the train took the couple as an object of fun. 48. What does the underlined word “surveyed” mean in the 8th paragraph? A. monitored B. observed C. searched D. investigated 49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The waiter was indifferent to the couple. B. The couple felt uneasy at dinner. C. The service was satisfactory. D. The couple enjoyed the dinner. 【答案】46. B 47. D 48. B 49. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对新婚夫妇在圣安东尼奥乘车前往得克萨斯州的过程中受到嘲笑的故事。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“ They embarrassed her.”可知，这对夫妇当时感到很尴尬，由此可知，对这对夫妇衣着和行为描写表明他们有一种尴尬的感觉，故答案为C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“ a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive （嘲讽的）enjoyment.”可知，一些乘客把这对夫妇当作嘲讽的对象，故答案为D。 【48题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the man’s face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter.”可知，尤其是那人的脸上洋溢着喜悦的神情，使他在黑人看门人看来显得滑稽可笑，这说明他引起了看门人的注意，自然要仔细打量他们，由此可知画线词词义为“观察、打量”，故答案为B。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ they showed in their faces a sense of escape.”可知，这对夫妇有种想逃的感觉，由此可知他们感到很不舒服，故答案为B。 【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词上下文对人物动作、表情及心理活动的描写是关键，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词前的“the man’s face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter.”可知，尤其是那人的脸上洋溢着喜悦的神情，使他在黑人看门人看来显得滑稽可笑，这说明他的表情引起了看门人的注意，所以看门人自然要仔细打量他们，由此可知画线词词义为“观察、打量”。 (B) Gray Line Discover Brisbane and surrounds with Gray Line Brisbane. Their wide range of tours in air-conditioned coaches, combined with the guide’s expert knowledge, ensures a day to remember. Brisbane City Morning Tour (tour B481) Departs: daily 9:00 am. Returns:11:45 am. Adult Concession Child $69 $67 $45 Discover this vibrant city with its charming architecture, colonial history and enjoy the sweeping views of the city and Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs. ·Cathedral Square·Parliament House·Windmill·Anzac Square·City Hall·Chinatown · Captain Cook and Story Bridge Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary (tour B492) Departs: daily 1:15pm. Returns: 5:00 pm. Adult Concession Child $76 $74 $54 Tour the highlights of Brisbane and travel to Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary situated on the banks of the Brisbane River for a chance to get up close and personal with the animals. ·Queen Street Mall·Southbank·Anzac Square·Suncorp Stadium·Brewery·Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary and presentation·Mt Cootha Lookout Sunshine Coast and Noosa (tour B464) Departs: Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Sunday 8:45am Returns:5:30 pm. Adult Concession Child $111 $106 $72 The Sunshine Coast is renowned for its magnificent seaside, sophisticated lifestyle, dining experience and shopping. Also includes a visit to Underwater World and a drive through Eumundi, famous for its historic buildings and scenic beauty. Noosa Heads·Mooloolaba·Underwater World·Ettamogah Pub Sunshine Coast and Montville (tour B410) Departs: Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday 8:45am. Returns:5:30 pm. Adult Concession Child $107 $102 $67 This tour takes you through the rich heritage of the spectacular Sunshine Coast hinterland with visits to Montville famous for its craft shops and restaurants, and Mooloolaba. home to Underwater world·Ginger Factory·Superbee·Montville Village·Mooloolaba Price includes fully air-conditioned touring, entry fees and CBD hotel pickup. Child policy: under 4 years－ free of charge, 4-14 years－as quoted above. Exclusion date 25/12/16 (for other dates please check with your consultant). 50. If you wish to complete two tours in one day, you would probably choose_________. A. Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary Tour B. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary Tour C. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour D. Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour and Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour 51. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Visitors may learn the colonial history of Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs. B. Visitors may have a close look at animals in Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour. C. If you want to visit Underwater World, you may choose Brisbane City Morning Tour. D. If 2 adults and 2 children, aged 3 and 9, attend tour B410, they should pay $281. 52. What is the tone of this tour guide information booklet? A. Welcoming and humorous. B. Warm and inviting. C. Modest and initiative. D. Casual and compulsory. 【答案】50. B 51. D 52. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文，属于广告类阅读。主要向我们介绍了几个旅游景点，详细地说明了每个地方的美景、出发日期和售价。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Brisbane City Morning Tour (tour B481) Departs: daily 9:00am．Returns: 11:45am”及“Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary (tour B492) Departs: daily 1:15pm. Returns: 5:00pm”可知，如果想一天完成两个旅行应选Brisbane City Morning Tour 和Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary Tour。故选B。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。表格最后一部分中“Child policy: under 4 years—free of charge (儿童政策：4岁以下——免费)”可知四岁以下孩子免费，由D选项中的“tour B410”可定位到Sunshine Coast aand Montville (tour B410)下“Adult $107 Child $67 (成人$107，孩童$67)”可知，因此所需费用为107*2+67=281，所以D正确。故选D。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“air-conditioned coaches, combined with the guide’s expert knowledge (空调车厢，结合导游的专业知识)”、“charming (迷人的)”、“magnificent (壮丽的)”、“spectacular (壮丽的)”等词可知，这个旅游信息手册的内容是温暖的，吸引人的。故选B。 (C) Science advances fastest when data and conclusions are shared as quickly as possible. Yet it is common practice for medical researchers to conceal results for months or years until research is published in an academic journal. Even then, the data supporting a study are often not revealed. The motive to withhold findings is powerful. Journal papers are the key measure of a scientist’s productivity. To win research money and get promoted, scientists need to increase an impressive list of publications. Yet the delays in spreading knowledge have the capacity to do real harm. Nor are elite journals the guardians of quality that they often claim to be. The number of papers so flawed that they need to be retracted has risen sharply in the past two decades. Studies in elite journals (such as Nature and Science) are no statistically stronger than those in lesser journals. Science should not, and need not, be restrained by journal publication. Three sensible reforms would ensure that researchers’ results could be communicated to more people more quickly, without any decline in quality. Step one is for the organizations that finance research to demand that scientists put their academic papers, along with their experimental data, in publicly accessible “databases” before they are sent to a journal. That would allow other researchers to make use of the findings without delay. Those opposing such “preprints” argue that they allow work of poor quality to grow wildly because it has not yet been peer-reviewed. That may surprise physicists and mathematicians, who have been posting work to arXiv, a preprint database, for more than 25 years with no ill effects. Step two is to improve the process of peer review itself. Journals currently administer a system of organizing anonymous peer reviewers to pass judgment on new research — a fact they use, in part, to justify their sky — high subscription prices. But this process tends to be abused. At its worst, groups of researchers are suspected of guaranteeing favorable reviews for each other’s work. Better that reviewers are named and that the reviews are published. The Gates foundation has announced its support for an online database where such open peer review of papers takes place. The database was launched last year by the Welcome Trust, meaning that the world’s two largest medical charities have thrown their weight behind it. Others should follow. Finally, science needs to stop relying so much on journal publication as the only recognized qualification for researchers and the only path to career progression. Tools exist that report how often a preprint has been viewed, for example, or whether a clinical data set has been cited in guidelines for doctors. A handful of firms are using artificial intelligence to assess the scientific importance of research, disregarding how it has been spread. Such approaches need encouragement. Journals may lose out, but science itself will benefit. 53. The passage primarily argues ________. A. why scientists should timely make public their information with other peers B. how a reliable system that promotes fast sharing of academic outcomes can be established C. how the scientific circle ensures the quality of those research papers published in journals D. what the difference is between the studies posted to preprint databases and the elite journals 54. Which of the following is NOT the reason why scientists hold back their findings? A. They want to climb up the career ladders. B. They want to show their capacity of yielding great researches. C. They want to ensure the scientific validity before releasing them. D. They want to get funded for their study. 55. What can help reduce academics’ dependence on journal publication? A. Using tools to report the frequency of a preprint being viewed. B. Firms using advanced technology to produce research. C. Citing doctors’ guideline in processing a clinical data. D. Finding methods to assess the way those studies are shared or spread. 56. Which one of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. Full trust can be put in elite journals like Science and Nature. B. The prospect of scientific journals undoubtedly outweighs that of science. C. The popularity of preprint will inevitably bring about a careless academic world. D. Organizations ought to employ an open measure to conduct the peer review. 【答案】53. B 54. C 55. A 56. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出医学科研成果公布滞后、期刊质量被高估，提出三项改革：建立预印本数据库、开放同行评审、减少对期刊发表的依赖，以加快学术共享、推动科学发展。 【53题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Science should not, and need not, be restrained by journal publication. Three sensible reforms would ensure that researchers’ results could be communicated to more people more quickly, without any decline in quality.(科学不应也不必受到期刊发表的限制。实施三项合理的改革措施，能够确保研究人员的研究成果能够以更快的速度传递给更多的人，并且不会影响其质量)”结合文章指出医学科研成果公布滞后、期刊质量被高估，提出三项改革：建立预印本数据库、开放同行评审、减少对期刊发表的依赖，以加快学术共享、推动科学发展。可知，文章主要论述了如何建立一个能够促进学术成果快速共享的可靠系统。故选B。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The motive to withhold findings is powerful. Journal papers are the key measure of a scientist’s productivity. To win research money and get promoted, scientists need to increase an impressive list of publications.(隐瞒研究结果的动机很强。期刊论文是衡量科学家产出的关键标准。为了获得研究资金和晋升，科学家需要增加令人印象深刻的发表清单)”可知，C选项“他们希望在公布之前先确保其科学性”并非是科学家们对研究成果有所保留的原因。故选C。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finally, science needs to stop relying so much on journal publication as the only recognized qualification for researchers and the only path to career progression. Tools exist that report how often a preprint has been viewed, for example, or whether a clinical data set has been cited in guidelines for doctors. (最后，科学界需要停止过度依赖期刊发表作为衡量研究人员能力的唯一标准以及衡量职业发展路径的唯一方式。确实存在一些工具可以报告一份预印本被浏览的次数，或者某个临床数据集是否已被纳入医生的诊疗指南之中)”可知，利用工具来记录预印本的浏览次数能够帮助减少学者对期刊发表的依赖。故选A。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Better that reviewers are named and that the reviews are published. The Gates foundation has announced its support for an online database where such open peer review of papers takes place.(最好还是公布评审人员的姓名，并将评审结果公布于众。盖茨基金会已宣布支持建立一个在线数据库，用于此类公开的同行论文评审工作)”可知，作者认为组织应当采用开放的方式来进行同行评审。故选D。 Section C（8分） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Rhythm of Life Choosing the right time to sleep, the correct moment to make decisions the best hour to eat — and even go into hospital — could be your key to perfect health. Centuries after man discovered the rhythms of the planets and the cycles of crops, scientists have learned that we too live by precise rhythms that govern everything from our basic bodily functions to mental skills. Man is a prisoner of time. But it’s not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodies work. ___57___ Prince Charles consults a chart which tells him when he will be at his peak on a physical, emotional and intellectual level. Boxer Frank Bruno is another who charts his bio-rhythms to plan for big fights. ___58___Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle. Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into “days” lasting about 25 hours. In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator of performance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 pm. high of 37. 2C to a pre-dawn low of 36. 1C, mental functions fall too. ___59___ The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating weeks of day, evening and night shifts. ___60___ Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve. Finding the secret of what makes us tick has long fascinated scientists and work done over the last decade has yielded important clues. The aim is to help us become more efficient. There is already evidence suggesting that the time when medicine is given to patients affects how well it works. A. The rhythm of life is a slight best. B. Experts say every aspect of human bodies is influenced by daily rhythms. C. Jenny Hope claims to have tested her body clocks to the limit. D. This is a key reason why shift work can cause so many problems. E. Many people study the state of their bio-rhythms before making their daily plan. F. Such a dangerous combination never gave their bodies’ natural rhythms a chance to settle down. 【答案】57. E 58. B 59. D 60. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了打乱生活节律的负面影响。 【57题详解】 根据上文“But it’s not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodies work.(但不仅仅是专家们才开始深入了解人体的运作机制)”可知，空前说但并非只有专家才关注我们身体的工作方式，此处承接上文，讲的是我们自己也关注我们身体的工作方式，故E项“许多人在制定每日计划之前会研究自己的生物节律”符合语境。故选E。 【58题详解】 根据后文“Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle. Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into “days” lasting about 25 hours.(睡眠、血压、激素水平以及心跳都遵循着各自独立的生物钟，而这些生物钟与我们人为设定的24小时周期可能并无太大关联。研究表明，在实验室实验中，当社会信号以及最重要的是诸如黎明这样的光线信号被去除后，人们会与24小时的生物钟失去联系，从而导致睡眠模式发生变化。体温和心跳的周期会延长，并逐渐稳定在“日周期”上，大约持续25个小时)”可知，空后说睡眠、血压、激素水平和心跳都遵循自己的节律，这是对空处的举例说明，故B项“专家表示，人体的每一个方面都受到日常节律的影响”符合语境。故选B。 【59题详解】 根据上文“In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator of performance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 pm. high of 37. 2C to a pre-dawn low of 36. 1C, mental functions fall too.(在现实世界中，光线和黑暗会促使人体内部的生物钟与24小时的昼夜周期相适应。但衡量身体机能的最佳指标是体温。体温会从晚上10点时的37.2摄氏度的峰值降至清晨时的36.1摄氏度的低点，与此同时，人的思维能力也会随之下降)”可知，空前说当体温从晚上10点的最高值37.2降至黎明前的最低值36.1时，人的心理机能也随之下降，再结合下文介绍的操作员轮流上白班和夜班的例子可知，此处讲的是这种变化对轮班工作的影响，故D项“这是轮班工作会导致诸多问题的关键原因”符合语境。故选D。 【60题详解】 根据上文“The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating weeks of day, evening and night shifts.(最著名的例子就是美国三里岛发生的核事故。控制室里的三名操作员每周轮流进行白天、晚上和夜间的工作班次)”以及后文“Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve.(调查人员认为，这种轮班制度导致操作人员忽视了一个警示灯，并且未能关闭一个打开的阀门)”可知，空前说控制室的三个操作员轮流上几周的白班、晚班和夜班，空后又说调查人员认为，这导致工人忽视了暖灯，未能关闭打开的阀门，因此此处说的是这种倒班工作制对身体节律的影响，故F项“这种危险的组合从未给人体的自然节律留出调整的机会”符合语境。故选F。 IV. Summary Writing(10分) 61. Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.(280 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Conflict can lead to violence, so students should be taught how to handle it./ Conflict is inevitable and minor insults may cause it./ Staying calm, avoiding aggressive words is the priority./ To promote mutual understanding, they should listen to each other and ask question./ Finally, thinking about what they are hearing can help minimize misunderstanding. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括冲突可能导致暴力，所以学生应该学会如何处理冲突。冲突是不可避免的，轻微的侮辱可能导致冲突，所以保持冷静，避免攻击性语言是优先考虑的。为了增进相互理解，他们应该互相倾听并提出问题，想想他们听到了什么，可以帮助减少误解。注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。 【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。 2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。 3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。 4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。 V. Translation(15分)(3+3+4+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 62. 随着春节的临近，家家户户在超市或者网上置办起了年货。(approach) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As the Spring Festival approaches, every family is buying New Year goods in supermarkets or online. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”用as；表示“春节”短语为the Spring Festival；表示“临近”用动词approach；主语“家家户户”为every family；表示“置办起了年货”可用buy New Year goods，表示正在发生用现在进行时；表示“在超市或者网上”为in supermarkets or online。故翻译为As the Spring Festival approaches, every family is buying New Year goods in supermarkets or online. 63. 教练规定，运动员们不得吃快餐，以控制卡路里的摄入。(make it) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The coach made it a rule that athletes must not eat fast food to control their calorie intake. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和同位语从句。主语“教练”为名词coach；表示“规定”句型为make it a rule that，that引导同位语从句；主语“运动员们”为athletes；表示“不得吃快餐”可用must not eat fast food；表示“以控制卡路里的摄入”用不定式短语to control their calorie intake，作目的状语。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为The coach made it a rule that athletes must not eat fast food to control their calorie intake. 64. 所有参与“为慈善而跑”的人都希望鼓励这些贫困地区的儿童用奋斗精神迎接生活中的挑战。(inspire) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All those taking part in “Run for Charity” hope to inspire the children in poor areas to face challenges in life with a spirit of hard work. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“所有参与“为慈善而跑”的人”可用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰those，翻译为all those taking part in “Run for Charity”；表示“希望做某事”短语为hope to do sth.；表示“激励某人做某事”短语为inspire sb. to do sth.；表示“这些贫困地区的儿童”为the children in poor areas；表示“迎接生活中的挑战”为face challenges in life；表示“用奋斗精神迎”为with a spirit of hard work。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为All those taking part in “Run for Charity” hope to inspire the children in poor areas to face challenges in life with a spirit of hard work. 65. 毫无疑问，空气质量是重中之重，最近我们政府发起了一场清除空气污染的运动。(campaign) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no doubt that air quality is the top priority, and our government has recently launched a campaign to eliminate air pollution. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和并列句。表示“毫无疑问……”用句型There is no doubt that…，that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的内容，句子在做客观陈述，用一般现在时；表示“空气质量”用air quality；表示“重中之重”用the top priority；用并列连词and连接第二个分句，表示“最近”用recently；表示“我们政府”用our government；表示“发起一场运动”用launch a campaign，结合recently，此处用现在完成时has launched，强调动作对现在的影响；表示“清除空气污染”用eliminate air pollution，此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰campaign。故翻译为There is no doubt that air quality is the top priority, and our government has recently launched a campaign to eliminate air pollution. VI. Guided Writing(25分) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是王华，你所居住的小区计划实施“让小区生活更美好”的主题方案，有三项主题方案可供选择：(1)打造小区阅览室；(2)增设运动健身设施；(3)投放宣传电子屏(LED screen)。现向小区居民们征求意见，给小区居委主任写封信，在信中选择一个方案，你的信件内容需包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Community Director, I am Wang Hua, a resident of our community. Hearing that our community is collecting opinions on the plan to “Make Community Life Better”, I would like to express my view sincerely. I strongly recommend building a community reading room. Nowadays, many students and elderly people stay at home without a quiet place to study or relax. A reading room can provide a comfortable space for us to read books, do homework and communicate with each other. It can not only enrich our spare time but also create a more positive and cultural atmosphere in our community. Compared with fitness equipment and LED screens, a reading room brings long-term benefits. It helps people form a good habit of reading and improves the whole community’s culture. I believe this choice will truly make our community life more meaningful and beautiful. Yours faithfully, Wang Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给小区居委主任写封信，在信中选择一个方案并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 真诚地：sincerely→genuinely 养成：form→foster 选择：choice→option 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I strongly recommend building a community reading room. Nowadays, many students and elderly people stay at home without a quiet place to study or relax. 拓展句：I strongly recommend building a community reading room because nowadays, many students and elderly people stay at home without a quiet place to study or relax. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that our community is collecting opinions on the plan to “Make Community Life Better”, I would like to express my view sincerely. (运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】I believe this choice will truly make our community life more meaningful and beautiful. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 闵行中学2025-2026学年第一学期高二年级 英语学科期中考试卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25分) Section A Short Conversations（10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted 2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10. 3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant. C. A saleswoman. D. A waitress. 4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store. 5. A. He hasn't had a chance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news. C. He didn't know that Kathy was being moved. D. His new office will be located in New York. 6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver. C. There are no flights to Toronto. D. There are two direct flights to. Toronto. 7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about George's remarks. C. George does not care about her. D. George shouldn't have said much about her 8. A. She can't afford that much for a trip. B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C. She doesn't think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 9 A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting. 10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident. B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. C. The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. D. The man's daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home. Section B Passages（15分） Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions I1 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Future researchers. B. College students. C. Company employees. D. Successful artists. 12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries. C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs. D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities. 13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The benefits of walking B. The importance of keeping fit. C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly. 15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory. C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people needn't concentrate on it. 16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people's life. C. It can make people's hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours. C. He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night. 18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom. C. To release pressure from heavy work. D. To look for information for his project. 19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. It's a waste of time to surf the Internet. C. A lot of information can be found. D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet. 20. A People spend much time talking about other interests. B. If takes long to find things because of many useless sites C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom. D. It's hardly the best source of information available. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30分) Section A（10分） Directions: Choose the best answer. 1. ________ his 1-year-old smart phone still works perfectly, he feels the need to replace it. A. When B. Although C. As D. Since 2. Many customers will have to wait for months to buy this kind of cars ________ the assembly line workers work day and night. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 3. ________ you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make your presentation organized and dynamic. A. Either B. When C. Whether D. No matter 4 You had better conduct the experiment ________ your professor has instructed you; otherwise you may fail to complete it. A as B. that C. where D. for 5. The song “Happy Birthday” is so simple in rhythm ________ children as young as three can sing it without difficulty. A. as B. and C. if D. that 6. I was about to set out on my trip ________ someone called in, which made me annoyed. A. while B. as C. before D. when 7. She stepped into the bedroom quietly, ________ she might wake up her roommate. A. for fear that B. in case that C. on condition that D. in order that 8. If you are travelling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. to which B. when C. after D. where 9. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary ________ it helps us to correct our mistakes. A. in that B. but that C. now that D. as if 10. It was thirty years ________ he was invited as an outstanding alumnus to celebrate the 128th anniversary of the university. A. when B. before C. since D. as Section B（10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Buy, buy in Bangkok The city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat according to a report by China Daily. Even if you are just in town for a few days, ___11___ (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those ___12___ like to keep the swings open. It is in Central Bangkok ___13___ you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，which has a “one-stop shopping” philosophy ___14___ (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice ___15___ clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. For Muslim customers there’s a prayer room ___16___ (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkok’s VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists ___17___ claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent ___18___ they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airport. Just a few minutes’ walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkok’s popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters —that’s 77 soccer fields — of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 15-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and ___19___ (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors _____20_____ (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment environments. Section B（10分） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultivating B. delayers C. temptation D. effectively E. motivational F. energized G. scheduling H. favorable I. identify J. vision K. monitored It is tempting, when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse, to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point. “Oh well,” you might say, surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer. “No willpower, that’s my problem.” But, according to a body of scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. It is a skill to be practised. “Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.” explains Frank Ryan, consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies. “Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation. Everybody can learn to use their willpower more____21____.” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year,____22____willpower is a good idea, as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s. In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes. Their performance was then____23____into adulthood. The “high____24____” went on to achieve greater academic success, better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,” Ryan says, “we should____25____our willpower profile. For example: some people are more impulsive than others. That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get____26____by thoughts and ideas. So, if that’s you, you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner____27____than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval. For introverts,____28____time to reflect on your progress, such as keeping a diary can be helpful. For extroverts, signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve, as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,” Ryan adds. “It’s about coping with____29____which often comes from the environment, the people, places or things that act as_____30_____magnets to challenge your willpower.” In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A（15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C. and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Many people learn at an early age to associate the color red with danger. So might it make sense to print medication ____31____ in red ink? And since the color blue is known to call to mind the freedom of open skies, might it help artists to ____32____ in a studio painted in that color? According to new research into how the brain reacts to ____33____ , the answer to both of these questions is yes. The study revealed that the color red seems to improve a subject’s attention to ____34____ , while blue appears to stimulate creativity—all without the subject realizing that his or her brain is being influenced. “People are not ____35____ this effect at all,” marveled the study’s lead researcher Juliet Zhu, who studies the effects of environmental cues on behavior. To study the brain’s response to specific colors, Zhu’s team administered a series of ____36____ tests to college students. For most of the tests, the students were placed in front of a computer screen that was colored either red or blue. The researchers found that when the screen was red, subjects performed better on detail-oriented tasks. In one test, ____37____ , students were asked to memorize a list of words. Zhu found that students who studied the list displayed on a red screen were able to recall more words than students who studied the list on a ____38____ screen. In other tests, creative abilities seemed to be ____39____ by looking at the color blue. For instance, the students were asked to brainstorm potential uses for bricks. Students sitting in front of blue screens tended to come up with ideas that were ____40____ , such as “make a paperweight” and “build a pet scratching post.” Students sitting in front of a red screen, on the other hand, were more likely to list ____41____ uses for bricks, such as “build a house.” Researchers concluded from the tests that seeing red causes people to take the extra time to think ____42____ when performing detail-oriented tasks, such as ____43____ , proofreading— and, of course, reading those all-important warning labels. ____44____ most people learn early in their development that red signifies potential danger, Zhu said, seeing red perhaps helps people to slow down in order to perform at their best in a potentially risky situation. Seeing blue, on the other hand, produces images of the sky, freedom and peace. Perhaps these images, researchers supposed, ____45____ feelings. “It’s really this learned association with these colors that drives these different motivations,” Zhu said. 31. A. instructions B. symptoms C. warnings D. treatments 32. A. create B. relax C. decorate D. design 33. A. skies B. medication C. colors D. paint 34. A. danger B. detail C. emotions D. vigor 35. A. distracted by B. aware of C. content with D. curious about 36. A. cognitive B. intelligence C. mental D. memory 37. A. on one hand B. at the same time C. for example D. that is 38. A. grey B. blue C. green D. white 39. A. proven B. acquired C. recognized D. enhanced 40. A. more abstract B. more positive C. more innovative D. more valuable 41. A. practical B. academic C. economical D. profitable 42. A. critically B. logically C. carefully D. independently 43. A. painting B. memorizing C. designing D. brainstorming 44. A. Unless B. When C. Since D. Though 45. A. turn up B. stir up C. set off D. give off Section B（22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The train was speeding onward and the plains of Texas were pouring eastward. A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The man’s face was reddened from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new black clothes was that from time to time he looked down respectfully at his clothes. He sat with a hand on each knee, like a man waiting in a barber’s shop. The glace she devoted to other passengers were shy. The bride was not pretty. She wore a dress of blue cashmere. She continually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves. They embarrassed her. The blushes （脸红）caused by the careless glances of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see. They were evidently very happy. “Ever been in a parlor-car （特等火车）before?” he asked, smiling with delight. “No,” she answered; “I never was. It’s fine，ain’t it?” “Great! And then after a while we’ll go forward to the dinner. Fresh meal in the world. Charge a dollar. ” “Oh, do they?” cried the bride. “Charge a dollar? Why，that’s too much — for us — ain’t it, Jack?” Later he explained to her about the trains. “You see, if s a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops but four times.” He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach; and in truth her eyes opened wider and she watched the sea-green velvet（丝绒人）, the shining bronze，silver, and glass, the wood that glowed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze statue held a support for a separated room, and on the ceiling were frescos（壁画）in olive and silver. To the minds of the pair, their surroundings reflected the glory of their marriage that morning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new estate; and the man’s face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This porter at times surveyed them with an amused and superior grin. On other occasions he bullied them with skill in ways that did not make it easy to them that they were being bullied. He oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and infrequently, a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive （嘲讽的）enjoyment. At last they went to the dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing white suits, surveyed their entrance with the interest. The pair fell to the seats of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in steering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly guide, his face radiant with kindness. The service, coupled with the ordinary deference（毕恭毕敬），was rare to them. And yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in their faces a sense of escape. 46. The description of the couple's clothes and behaviour seems to indicate that they had a sense of ____. A. superiority B. awkwardness C. despair D. satisfaction 47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A The interior of the coach was luxurious and modem. B. The Negro porter was very helpful to the couple. C. It was the first time for the couple to take a train in Texas. D. Some passengers on the train took the couple as an object of fun. 48. What does the underlined word “surveyed” mean in the 8th paragraph? A. monitored B. observed C. searched D. investigated 49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The waiter was indifferent to the couple. B. The couple felt uneasy at dinner. C. The service was satisfactory. D. The couple enjoyed the dinner. (B) Gray Line Discover Brisbane and surrounds with Gray Line Brisbane. Their wide range of tours in air-conditioned coaches, combined with the guide’s expert knowledge, ensures a day to remember. Brisbane City Morning Tour (tour B481) Departs: daily 9:00 am. Returns:11:45 am. Adult Concession Child $69 $67 $45 Discover this vibrant city with its charming architecture, colonial history and enjoy the sweeping views of the city and Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs. ·Cathedral Square·Parliament House·Windmill·Anzac Square·City Hall·Chinatown · Captain Cook and Story Bridge Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary (tour B492) Departs: daily 1:15pm. Returns: 5:00 pm. Adult Concession Child $76 $74 $54 Tour the highlights of Brisbane and travel to Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary situated on the banks of the Brisbane River for a chance to get up close and personal with the animals. ·Queen Street Mall·Southbank·Anzac Square·Suncorp Stadium·Brewery·Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary and presentation·Mt Cootha Lookout Sunshine Coast and Noosa (tour B464) Departs: Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Sunday 8:45am Returns:5:30 pm. Adult Concession Child $111 $106 $72 The Sunshine Coast is renowned for its magnificent seaside, sophisticated lifestyle, dining experience and shopping. Also includes a visit to Underwater World and a drive through Eumundi, famous for its historic buildings and scenic beauty. Noosa Heads·Mooloolaba·Underwater World·Ettamogah Pub Sunshine Coast and Montville (tour B410) Departs: Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday 8:45am. Returns:5:30 pm. Adult Concession Child $107 $102 $67 This tour takes you through the rich heritage of the spectacular Sunshine Coast hinterland with visits to Montville famous for its craft shops and restaurants, and Mooloolaba. home to Underwater world·Ginger Factory·Superbee·Montville Village·Mooloolaba Price includes fully air-conditioned touring, entry fees and CBD hotel pickup. Child policy: under 4 years－ free of charge, 4-14 years－as quoted above. Exclusion date 25/12/16 (for other dates please check with your consultant). 50. If you wish to complete two tours in one day, you would probably choose_________. A. Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary Tour B. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary Tour C. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour D. Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour and Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour 51. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Visitors may learn the colonial history of Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs. B. Visitors may have a close look at animals in Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour. C. If you want to visit Underwater World, you may choose Brisbane City Morning Tour. D. If 2 adults and 2 children, aged 3 and 9, attend tour B410, they should pay $281. 52. What is the tone of this tour guide information booklet? A. Welcoming and humorous. B. Warm and inviting. C. Modest and initiative. D. Casual and compulsory. (C) Science advances fastest when data and conclusions are shared as quickly as possible. Yet it is common practice for medical researchers to conceal results for months or years until research is published in an academic journal. Even then, the data supporting a study are often not revealed. The motive to withhold findings is powerful. Journal papers are the key measure of a scientist’s productivity. To win research money and get promoted, scientists need to increase an impressive list of publications. Yet the delays in spreading knowledge have the capacity to do real harm. Nor are elite journals the guardians of quality that they often claim to be. The number of papers so flawed that they need to be retracted has risen sharply in the past two decades. Studies in elite journals (such as Nature and Science) are no statistically stronger than those in lesser journals. Science should not, and need not, be restrained by journal publication. Three sensible reforms would ensure that researchers’ results could be communicated to more people more quickly, without any decline in quality. Step one is for the organizations that finance research to demand that scientists put their academic papers, along with their experimental data, in publicly accessible “databases” before they are sent to a journal. That would allow other researchers to make use of the findings without delay. Those opposing such “preprints” argue that they allow work of poor quality to grow wildly because it has not yet been peer-reviewed. That may surprise physicists and mathematicians, who have been posting work to arXiv, a preprint database, for more than 25 years with no ill effects. Step two is to improve the process of peer review itself. Journals currently administer a system of organizing anonymous peer reviewers to pass judgment on new research — a fact they use, in part, to justify their sky — high subscription prices. But this process tends to be abused. At its worst, groups of researchers are suspected of guaranteeing favorable reviews for each other’s work. Better that reviewers are named and that the reviews are published. The Gates foundation has announced its support for an online database where such open peer review of papers takes place. The database was launched last year by the Welcome Trust, meaning that the world’s two largest medical charities have thrown their weight behind it. Others should follow. Finally, science needs to stop relying so much on journal publication as the only recognized qualification for researchers and the only path to career progression. Tools exist that report how often a preprint has been viewed, for example, or whether a clinical data set has been cited in guidelines for doctors. A handful of firms are using artificial intelligence to assess the scientific importance of research, disregarding how it has been spread. Such approaches need encouragement. Journals may lose out, but science itself will benefit. 53. The passage primarily argues ________. A. why scientists should timely make public their information with other peers B. how a reliable system that promotes fast sharing of academic outcomes can be established C. how the scientific circle ensures the quality of those research papers published in journals D. what the difference is between the studies posted to preprint databases and the elite journals 54. Which of the following is NOT the reason why scientists hold back their findings? A. They want to climb up the career ladders. B. They want to show their capacity of yielding great researches. C. They want to ensure the scientific validity before releasing them. D. They want to get funded for their study. 55. What can help reduce academics’ dependence on journal publication? A. Using tools to report the frequency of a preprint being viewed. B. Firms using advanced technology to produce research. C. Citing doctors’ guideline in processing a clinical data. D. Finding methods to assess the way those studies are shared or spread. 56. Which one of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. Full trust can be put in elite journals like Science and Nature. B. The prospect of scientific journals undoubtedly outweighs that of science. C. The popularity of preprint will inevitably bring about a careless academic world. D. Organizations ought to employ an open measure to conduct the peer review. Section C（8分） Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Rhythm of Life Choosing the right time to sleep, the correct moment to make decisions the best hour to eat — and even go into hospital — could be your key to perfect health. Centuries after man discovered the rhythms of the planets and the cycles of crops, scientists have learned that we too live by precise rhythms that govern everything from our basic bodily functions to mental skills. Man is a prisoner of time. But it’s not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodies work. ___57___ Prince Charles consults a chart which tells him when he will be at his peak on a physical, emotional and intellectual level. Boxer Frank Bruno is another who charts his bio-rhythms to plan for big fights. ___58___Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle. Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into “days” lasting about 25 hours. In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator of performance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 pm. high of 37. 2C to a pre-dawn low of 36. 1C, mental functions fall too. ___59___ The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating weeks of day, evening and night shifts. ___60___ Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve. Finding the secret of what makes us tick has long fascinated scientists and work done over the last decade has yielded important clues. The aim is to help us become more efficient. There is already evidence suggesting that the time when medicine is given to patients affects how well it works. A. The rhythm of life is a slight best. B. Experts say every aspect of human bodies is influenced by daily rhythms. C. Jenny Hope claims to have tested her body clocks to the limit. D. This is a key reason why shift work can cause so many problems. E. Many people study the state of their bio-rhythms before making their daily plan. F. Such a dangerous combination never gave their bodies’ natural rhythms a chance to settle down. IV. Summary Writing(10分) 61. Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.(280 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation(15分)(3+3+4+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 62. 随着春节的临近，家家户户在超市或者网上置办起了年货。(approach) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 63. 教练规定，运动员们不得吃快餐，以控制卡路里的摄入。(make it) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 64. 所有参与“为慈善而跑”的人都希望鼓励这些贫困地区的儿童用奋斗精神迎接生活中的挑战。(inspire) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 65. 毫无疑问，空气质量是重中之重，最近我们政府发起了一场清除空气污染的运动。(campaign) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing(25分) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是王华，你所居住的小区计划实施“让小区生活更美好”的主题方案，有三项主题方案可供选择：(1)打造小区阅览室；(2)增设运动健身设施；(3)投放宣传电子屏(LED screen)。现向小区居民们征求意见，给小区居委主任写封信，在信中选择一个方案，你的信件内容需包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $