Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇真题精讲选择性必修第四册（译林版）

高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 高中专版 【Unit 1】Honesty and responsibility 词汇积累与运用 本讲核心词汇 barely/beli/adv.刚才；仅仅，bless /bles/v.(表示惊奇)：祝福则：法则：信条 勉强可能：几乎不 inch/mt∫/n.英寸：少量，短距decent/di:snt/adj.正派的，合 cigar'ga:()/n.雪茄烟 离 乎礼节的：得体的，适当的 appointment/A'pomtm3nt/n.约arm in arm臂挽着臂 burden/'b3:dn/n.(义务、责任 定，约会：任命，委任：职务 outline/'avtlamn/t.概述，略述；等的)重担，负担 tear down拆毁，拆除 n.概述；轮廓线，略图 geophysicist /d3i:ao'fizIsIst/n. keen /ki:n/adj.灵敏的，敏锐的： suspect/sa'spekt/vt.&vi.疑有，地球物理学家 渴望，热切，热衷的 觉得：sAspekt/n.嫌疑犯，可core/k/adj.核心的；最重要 jaw/d/n.下巴，颌 疑对象 的：n.核心，最重要的部分 scar/ka:)/n.伤疤：（精神上arrest/A'rest/n.&t.逮捕，拘socialist/saufalst/adj.社会主 的)创伤：污点 捕；under arrest被逮捕 义的：n.社会主义者 eyebrow/'aibrau/n.眉毛 wire/waIa(r)/t.给（某人）打电resign /r'zan/t.&vi.辞职，辞 scarfpin'ska:fpm/n.围巾夹，话：接通（电源：n.金属丝；电去 领带别针 线：铁丝网 ward /w3:d/n.病房 diamond/'daiamand/n.钻石 criminal/'krmmml/n.罪犯，犯substantial/sab'staen/adj.大量 make one'sfor'tune发财 罪的人：adj.犯法的，犯罪的：的，价值巨大的：结实的，牢固 lose contact失去联系 不道德的 的 reliable'lar3bl/adj.可信赖的，anyhow/'enihav/adv.不过，总mineral/mm3r/n.矿物，矿物 可靠的：真实可信的，可靠的之；尽管：而且，随便地 质 worthwhile/,w3:θ'wa/adj.值innocent/masnt/adj.无辜的，superb/u:'p3b/ad.极佳的，卓 得花时间（或花钱、努力等，重清白的，无罪的：天真无邪的，越的，质量极高的 要的，令人愉快的 纯真的：n.无辜者，单纯的人 collar/'kola)/n.衣领：颈圈：legal/'Ii:g/adj.合法的：法律的 箍 principle/'prmsapl/n.道德原 直击真题高效讲 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 真题解析 1.真题1 It was so dark in the room that I could see anything A.barely B.nearly C.clearly 答案：A 核心词汇：barely/'beali/adv.刚才；仅仅，勉强可能：几乎不 核心知识点： 词性：副词，表示否定含义“几乎不”，相当于hardly: 搭配：barely see anything(几乎看不见任何东西)：barely escape(勉强逃脱)。 2.真题2 My parents have an with the doctor at 3 p.m.this afternoon A.appointment B.arrangement C.agreement 答案：A 核心词汇：appointment/A'p3 ntmant/n.约定，约会；任命，委任：职务 核心知识点： 词性：可数名词，复数形式appointments。 搭配：have an appointment with sb.(与某人有约)；keep an appointment(守约)。 3.真题3 The old building will be to make room for a new shopping mall. A.torn down B.set up C.put off 答案：A 核心词汇：tear down拆毁，拆除 核心知识点： 词性：动词短语，tear的过去式和过去分词为tore,tom。 搭配：tear down a building(拆除建筑物)：tear down walls(拆墙)。 4.真题4 Dogs have a sense of smell,which helps them find lost people A.keen B.weak C.slow 答案：A 2 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 核心词汇：keen /kin/adj.灵敏的，敏锐的：渴望，热切，热衷的 核心知识点： 词性：形容词，可用于描述感官或情感。 搭配：keen sense of smell(敏锐的嗅觉)：be keen on(热衷于…)。 5.真题5 The police have the suspect and are questioning him now. A.arrested B.accepted C.admired 答案：A 核心词汇：arrest/a'rest/n.&t.逮捕，拘捕：under arrest被逮捕 核心知识点： 词性：及物动词/名词，搭配under arrest(被逮捕)。 用法：arrest sb.for sth.(因某事逮捕某人)。 6.真题6 You can me as soon as you arrive at the airport. A.wire B.call C.tell 答案：A 核心词汇：wire/'waIa(r)/vt.给（某人）打电话：接通（电源）；n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网 核心知识点： 词性：动词/名词，口语中可表示“打电话”。 搭配：wire sb.(给某人打电话)：copper wire(铜线)。 7.真题7 The was caught by the police after a long chase. A.criminal B.citizen C.passenger 答案：A 核心词汇：criminal/'krmmml/n.罪犯，犯罪的人；adj.犯法的，犯罪的：不道德的 核心知识点： 词性：名词/形容词，名词指“罪犯”，形容词表示“犯罪的”。 搭配：violent criminal(暴力罪犯)：criminal act（犯罪行为)。 8.真题8 She was proved after new evidence was found. 3 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 A.innocent B.guilty C.cruel 答案：A 核心词汇：innocent/.n3snt/ad.无辜的，清白的，无罪的：天真无邪的，纯真的：n.无辜者， 单纯的人 核心知识点： 词性：形容词/名词，反义词guilty(有罪的)。 搭配：innocent of sth.(无罪的)：innocent child(天真的孩子)。 9.真题9 Itis to drive after drinking alcohol in most countries A.illegal B.legal C.possible 答案：A 核心词汇：legal/'1i:gl/adj.合法的：法律的 核心知识点： 词性：形容词，反义词illegal(非法的)。 搭配：legal right(合法权利)：legal advice(法律咨询) 10.真题10 He always sticks to his and never does anything wrong. A.principles B.promises C.plans 答案：A 核心词汇：principle/'prinsapl/n.道德原则；法则；信条 核心知识点： 词性：可数名词，复数形式principles。 搭配：moral principles(道德原则)：in principle(原则上)。 11.真题11 We need to collect evidence to support our argument. A.substantial B.small C.little 答案：A 核心词汇：substantial/sab'staenⅣadj.大量的，价值巨大的：结实的，牢固的 核心知识点： 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 词性：形容词，可修饰数量或物体质量。 搭配：substantial evidence(大量证据)：substantial house(坚固的房子)。 12.真题12 The of the Earth is made up of iron and nickel. A.core B.surface C.crust 答案：A 核心词汇：core /ko:)/adj.核心的：最重要的：n.核心，最重要的部分 核心知识点： 词性：名词/形容词，作名词时指“核心；中心部分”。 搭配：the core of the Earth(地核)：core values(核心价值观)。 真题精准训练 实战演练 一、 单项选择 1.The room was so dark that I could see the outline of the furniture. A.barely B.nearly C.clearly 2.My dentist called to confirm our for tomorrow morning. A.appointment B.arrangement C.agreement 3.The abandoned factory will be to build a community park. A.torn down B.set up C.put off 4.Cats have a sense of hearing,allowing them to detect tiny sounds. A.keen B.weak C.slow 5.The police the thief who stole the jewelry from the store. 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】F版词汇真题精讲 A.arrested B.accepted C.admired 6.Please me when you reach the train station safely. A.wire B.call C.tell 7.The was sentenced to ten years in prison for robbery. A.criminal B.citizen C.passenger 8.After the DNA test,the suspect was proved of the crime. A.innocent B.guilty C.cruel 9.In many countries,it is to park in front of a fire hydrant. A.illegal B.legal C.possible 10.She always acts according to her and never compromises on honesty. A.principles B.promises C.plans 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He (bare)escaped the accident by swerving at the last second. 2.I need to make an(appoint)with the doctor for my annual check-up. 3.The workers are planning to(tear)down the old bridge next month. 4.A (keenly)sense of smell helps dogs track missing persons. 5.The police have(arrest)three suspects in connection with the case. 6.She (wire)her parents as soon as she arrived in Paris. 7.The (crime)was caught by the police after a two-hour chase. 6 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】F版词汇真题精讲 8.The new evidence proved her (innocent)beyond doubt. 9.Itis (legal)to sell tobacco to minors in most countries. 10.He坚持his (principle)even when facing great pressure. 三、首字母填空 1.I couldb see the road in the thick fog this morning 2.My parents have an a with the dentist at 4 p.m.today 3.The old library will be t down to make way for a new school. 4.Dogs have ak sense of smell that humans cannot match. 5.The police a the suspect after finding fingerprints at the scene 6.Please w me when you get to the hotel so I know you're safe. 7.The c was finally caught after hiding for three days. 8.She was proved iwhen the real culprit confessed. 9.Itisi to drive without a license in any country. 10.He never breaks his p_ and always keeps his word. 四、语篇填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或根据上下文补全单词，使短文通顺。 Last night,aheavy storm hit the town.The wind was so strong that it (bare)allowed people to stand outside.Many old trees were(tear)down,blocking the roads.The police (arrest) a few looters who tried to steal from damaged stores. This morning,I had an(appoint)with my doctor.On the way,I saw workers clearing the fallen trees.A (crime)was being led away by the police,and people were discussing his (innocent). My doctor told me that it's(legal)to drive during such storms without proper equipment.He also said that sticking to safety(principle)could save lives.I realized that a (keen) awareness of danger is important in emergencies.When I got home,I (wire)my family to tell them I was safe. 参考答案 7 高中选择性必修第四册译林版 【高中专版】 F版词汇真题精讲 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.barely 2.appointment 3.tear 4.keen 5.arrested 6.wired 7.criminal 8 innocence 9.illegal 10.principles I首字母填空 1.barely 2.appointment 3.tomn 4.keen 5.arrested 6.wire 7.criminal 8.innocent 9.illegal 10.principles V.语篇填空 1.barely 2.torn 3.arrested 4.appointment 5.criminal 6.innocence 7.illegal 8 principles 9.keen 10.wired P