Unit 4 Natural disasters一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇真题精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】F版真题精析 核心考点 【Unit4】Natural disasters 自然灾害词汇精讲与应用 本单元核心词汇 tornado/to:'neida/n.龙卷风；helicopter/'helikppta(r)/n.直升destroy/d'stro/vt.摧毁：毁灭 旋风 机 evacuate'vaekjoert/t.疏散； drought/.daot/n.旱灾；干旱death/de9/n.死：死亡 撤出；vi.撤离 landslide/'laendslaid/n.(山地或affect/3'fekt/t.影响：（疾病）heal /hi:l/vi.&t.治愈；（使）康 悬崖的)崩塌：滑坡 侵袭；深深打动 复：解决（问题）：消除（分歧） flood/fadn.洪水：大量；vi.shelter∫elta(r)/n.避难处；居quake /kweik/n.震动：地震 淹没：大量涌入t.使灌满水：所：庇护；t.保护：掩蔽：vi.ubble /'rab(a)/n.碎石：瓦砾 淹没 躲避（风雨或危险） rescue/'reskju:/n.&t.营救；救 damage/'dend3/n.&t.损害： 援 损失 直击真题高效讲 真题解析 1.真题1 The heavy rain caused a terrible in the village,and many houses were under water. A.flood B.drought C.quake 答案：A 核心词汇：flood /flad/n.洪水；大量：vi.淹没：大量涌入：t.使灌满水；淹没 核心知识点： 词性：名词/动词，句中作名词表示”洪水”。 搭配：cause a flood(引发洪水)：flood in(涌入)。 2.真题2 After the earthquake,the soldiers tried their best to the people trapped under the building A.rescue B.affect 1 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】 F版真题精析 C.heal 答案：A 核心词汇：rescue/reskju:/n.&t.营救：救援 核心知识点： 词性：及物动词/名词，句中作动词表示”营救”。 搭配：rescue sb.(营救某人)：a rescue team(救援队)。 3.真题3 The strong wind and rain many houses in the small town last night A.destroyed B.sheltered C.evacuated 答案：A 核心词汇：destroy/d'stroI/vt.摧毁；毁灭 核心知识点： 词性：及物动词，强调彻底破坏。 搭配：destroy houses(摧毁房屋)；be destroyed by(被…摧毁)。 4.真题4 A long period of no rain led to a serious in the area,and crops died A.drought B.landslide C.rubble 答案：A 核心词汇：d山rought/draut/n.旱灾：干旱 核心知识点： 词性：名词，不可数名词。 搭配：serious drought(严重旱灾)：suffer from drought(遭受旱灾)。 5.真题5 The government provided for the homeless people after the fire A.shelter B.death C.damage 答案：A 核心词汇：shelter/'Telta(r)h.避难处；居所：庇护：t.保护：掩蔽：vi.躲避（风雨或危险） 核心知识点： 词性：名词/动词，句中作名词表示”避难处”。 搭配：provide shelter(提供避难处)：take shelter(躲避)。 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】 F版真题精析 6.真题6 The earthquake caused a on the mountain,and rocks fell down to the road. A.landslide B.tornado C.flood 答案：A 核心词汇：landslide/'laendslaid/n.（山地或悬崖的)崩塌滑坡 核心知识点： 词性：名词，可数名词。 搭配：cause a landslide（引发滑坡)：mudslide(泥石流，近义词)。 7.真题7 The doctor said it would take a few weeks for his leg to_ completely after the accident. A.heal B.affect C.damage 答案：A 核心词汇：heal /hi:l/wi.&t.治愈；（使）康复；解决（问题）：消除（分歧） 核心知识点： 词性：不及物动词/及物动词，句中表示”（伤口/身体）康复”。 搭配：heal completely(完全康复)：heal a wound(治愈伤口)。 8.真题8 The from the factory has affected the river,and fish can't live there now. A.damage B.affect C.rescue 答案：A 核心词汇：damage/'daemid3n.&t.损害：损失 核心知识点： 词性：名词/动词，句中作名词表示”损害”。 搭配：cause damage(造成损害)；environmental damage(环境损害)。 9.真题9 A is a violent storm with a column of rotating air that touches the ground. A.tornado B.quake C.drought 答案：A 核心词汇：tornado /to:'neidau/n.龙卷风：旋风 3 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】 F版真题精析 核心知识点： 词性：名词，可数名词，复数形式tornadoes/tornados。 搭配：violent tornado(强烈龙卷风)：tornado warning（龙卷风预警)。 10.真题10 People were asked to the building immediately because of the fire alarm. A.evacuate B.shelter C.heal 答案：A 核心词汇：evacuate.'vakjveIt/vt.疏散；撤出；vi.撤离 核心知识点： 词性：及物动词/不及物动词，句中表示”撤离建筑物”。 搭配：evacuate the building(撤离大楼)：evacuation(名词，撤离)。 11.真题11 The news of the accident all the people in the office,and everyone felt sad. A.affected B.destroyed C.rescued 答案：A 核心词汇：affect/A'fekt/vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭：深深打动 核心知识点： 词性：及物动词，句中表示”深深打动”。 搭配：affect sb.(影响/打动某人)；be affected by(被…影响)。 12.真题12 After the heavy rain,the hit the coastal city and destroyed many boats. A.flood B.quake C.tornado 答案：A 核心词汇：flood /flad/n.洪水；大量；vi.淹没；大量涌入；t.使灌满水；淹没 核心知识点： 词性：名词/动词，句中作名词与coastal city(沿海城市)搭配。 搭配：coastal flood(沿海洪水)：flood waters(洪水)。 13.真题13 The sent by the government arrived quickly to help the people in the disaster area. A.helicopter 4 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】F版真题精析 B.shelter C.rubble 答案：A 核心词汇：helicopter/'helrkppta(r)/m.直升机 核心知识点： 词性：名词，可数名词。 搭配：rescue helicopter(救援直升机)；by helicopter(乘直升机)。 14.真题14 The strong earthquake left the city in,and people had to clear the stones. A.rubble B.death C.damage 答案：A 核心词汇：ubble'rAb(o)/n.碎石；瓦砾 核心知识点： 词性：名词，不可数名词。 搭配：in rubble(成为瓦砾)：clear rubble(清理碎石)。 真题精准训练 实战演练 一、 单项选择 1.The sudden heavy rain caused a severe in the village,leaving many people homeless. A.flood B.drought C.quake 2.After the earthquake,the rescue team worked day and night to those trapped under the ruins. A.rescue B.affect C.heal 3.The strong typhoon hundreds of houses along the coast last month. A.destroyed B.sheltered C.evacuated 5 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】 F版真题精析 4.A long period of dry weather led to a serious. in the agricultural area. A.drought B.landslide C.rubble 5.The government built temporary for the victims after the fire. A.shelter B.death C.damage 6.The earthquake triggered a on the mountain,blocking the main road. A.landslide B.tornado C.flood 7.It takes time for the body to after a serious injury. A.heal B.affect C.damage 8.The factory's waste water has caused great to the river ecosystem A.damage B.affect C.rescue 9.A is a dangerous natural disaster with strong rotating winds. A.tornado B.quake C.drought 10.People were ordered to the building immediately when the fire alarm rang. A.evacuate B.shelter C.heal 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The heavy rain resulted in a terrible (flood)in the area. 2.The soldiers made every effort to (rescue)the trapped villagers. 3.The storm (destroy)many houses in the small town last night. 4.The region has been suffering from a severe (drought)for two years. 6 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】F版真题精析 5.The government provided (shelter)for the homeless after the earthquake. 6.The earthquake caused a massive (landslide)on the mountain. 7.His broken leg will take about a month to(heal)completely. 8.The oil spill has caused great(damage)to the marine environment. 9.A powerful (tornado)hit the city,causing widespread destruction. 10.The authorities ordered the residents to (evacuate)the area before the storm arrived. 三、首字母填空 1.The heavy rain led to a serious f in the village,and many houses were submerged 2.The soldiers tried their best torthe people trapped under the collapsed building. 3.The fire d the entire block,leaving nothing but ashes. 4.The long dry spell caused a severe d,and crops failed completely. 5.The government set up temporary sfor the people affected by the flood. 6.The earthquake triggered a l,and rocks rolled down the mountain. 7.It takes time for a wound to hcompletely. 8.The environmental d caused by the factory is irreversible. 9.A t is a violent storm with a column of rotating air. 10.People were asked to e the building immediately when the fire broke out 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 > 高中必修一人教 【核心词汇精讲】 F版真题精析 Natural disasters can cause great harm to people's lives and property.Last year,a severe earthquake hit a small town.It caused a massive 1. (landslide)on the nearby mountain,blocking the roads. Many houses were 2.(destroy),and the town was left in 3.(rubble).The government quickly sent 4. (helicopter)to rescue the trapped people.Soldiers worked hard to 5. (evacuate)the residents to safe places.Temporary 6. (shelter)were built for the homeless. Doctors and nurses tried to help the injured 7.(heal)quickly.The disaster also had a great 8. (affect)on the local economy.However,with the efforts of everyone,the town gradually recovered from the 9. (damage)caused by the earthquake.People learned the importance of being prepared for natural disasters like 10. (flood),11.(tornado),and 12. (drought). 参考答案 单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.flood 2.rescue 3.destroyed 4.drought 5.shelter 6.landslide 7.heal 8.damage 9.tornado 10.evacuate L.首字母填空 1.flood 2.rescue 3.destroyed 4.drought 5.shelter 6.landslide 7.heal 8.damage 9.tornado 10.evacuate V语篇填空 1.landslide 2.destroyed 3.rubble 4.helicopters 5.evacuate 6.shelters 7.heal 8. affect 9.damage 10.flood 11.tornado 12.drought P