Unit 4 Perseverance and Success-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 Unit 4 Perseverance and Success Reading Further 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 guarding/gad/w.守卫；保卫头：操练 invisible/m'vzbl/adj.看不见 (guard的现在分词) downward/'daunwad/adj./adv.的：无形的 guard/ga:dw.h.守卫；保卫；警向下的：向下地 visible'vIzabl/adj.看得见的；可 卫：看守 upward'pwad/adj.ladv.向上见的 jokingly/'d3kli/adv.开玩笑的：向上地 pessimistic /.pesI'mIstik/adj. 地：打趣地 irresistible/'zIstabl/adj.不可观的：悲观主义的 display/d'splei/v.n.展示；陈抗拒的：无法抵挡的 undergo/,nd'ga/.经历；经 列：展览 resist/r'zIst/v.抵抗：抗拒；忍受 tightly/'tartli/adv.紧紧地：牢固住 pot /ppt/n.W.锅；罐；把…栽 地 resistance /r'zIstans/n.抵抗：阻入盆中 mechanical /ma'kaenikl/adj.机力：反抗 greenhouse/gri:nhas/n.温室； 械的：力学的；呆板的 overturn/ava't3n/v.推翻：倾暖房 mechanic /ma'kaenik/n.机械师；覆；翻转 技工 matchless./maetflas/adj.无比的； dril/dl/w.n.钻孔：训练：钻无双的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.guard/ga:d/w.h.守卫：保卫：警卫；看守 词汇变形 现在分词形式：guarding 构词解析 动词原形guard加-ing构成现在分词，表动作正在进行或主动意义。 例句：The soldiers are guarding the gate day and night. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：He was seen (guard)the building when the accident happened.(答案：guarding) 2.visible'VIzabl/adj.看得见的：可见的 词汇变形 高中重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 反义词：invisible(in-为否定前缀，表“不、无”) 名词形式：vision(视力；视觉) 构词解析 前缀vis-:表“看”；后缀-ible:构成形容词，表“可…的”。in-为否定前缀，加在visible前构成 反义词invisible。 同类词：visible(可见的)→invisible(不可见的)：possible(可能的)→impossible(不可能的) 例句：The stars are visible on a clear night. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句)：Some colors are more visible than others in bright light 3.resist/rI''zIst/w.抵抗；抗拒；忍住 词汇变形 名词形式：resistance 形容词形式：resistant(-ant后缀构成形容词，表“抵抗的”) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“反对、抵抗”；后缀-ance:构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 固定搭配：resist doing sth.（忍住做某事) 例句：She couldn't resist eating the delicious cake, 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The material is (resist)to water,so it's good for outdoor use.(答案：resistant) 4.mechanical /m'kaenikl/adj.机械的：力学的；呆板的 词汇变形 名词形式：mechanic(机械师)：nechanics(力学) 构词解析 词根machin-:表“机器”；后缀-ical:构成形容词，表“…的”。mechanic为名词，指“机械师”， 由词根machin-加-ic构成。 同类词：logic(逻辑)→logical(逻辑的)；music(音乐)→musical(音乐的) 例句：He has a mechanical mind and is good at repairing machines,. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试)：The (mechanic)problem was solved by the experienced engineer.(答案：mechanical) 5.downward/'daunwad/adj./adv.向下的：向下地 词汇变形 反义词：upward(up-表“向上”，-ward表“方向”) 构词解析 前缀dowm-:表“向下”；后缀-ward:构成形容词或副词，表“方向”。upward同理，前缀up-表 “向上”。 例句：The prices have a downward trend this year 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The path slopes downward to the river. 6.pessimistic/,.pesI'mistik/adj.悲观的：悲观主义的 2 高中重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇变形 名词形式：pessimism(悲观主义) 反义词：optimistic(乐观的，optim-表“最好”) 构词解析 前缀pessim-:表“最坏”；后缀-istic:构成形容词，表“…主义的”。 同类词：ideal(理想)→idealistic(理想主义的)：real(现实)→realistic(现实的) 例句：Don't be so pessimistic-everything will get better. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：Hs (pessimistic)made him give up the chance.(答案：pessimism) 7.greenhouse/gri:nhaos/n.温室；暖房 构词解析 复合词：green(绿色的)+house(房子)，指“用于培育植物的暖房”。 同类词：classroom(教室)、blackboard(黑板) 例句：Many flowers are grown in the greenhouse in winter.. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元阅读）：The effect is caused by gases in the atmosphere,like carbon dioxide.(答案：greenhouse) 8.display/d'sple/w.n.展示：陈列；展览 词汇变形 名词形式：display(同形名词) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“分开、散开”；词根play:表“展开”，合意为“展开展示”。 固定搭配：on display(展出) 例句：The museum is displaying many ancient artifacts. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：A collection of paintings will be on (display)in the art gallery next week.(答案：display) 9.overturn/,va't3nv.推翻；倾覆；翻转 构词解析 前缀over-:表“越过、翻转”；词根um:表“转动”，合意为“翻转过来”。 例句：The strong wind overturned several cars on the road, 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句)：The decision was later overturned by the higher court 10.downward/daunwad/adj/adv.向下的；向下地 词汇变形 反义词：upward(up-表“向上”，-ward表“方向”) 构词解析 前缀dowm-:表“向下”；后缀-ward:构成形容词或副词，表“方向”。upward同理，前缀up-表 “向上”。 例句：The prices have a downward trend this year. 高中重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句)：The path slopes downward to the river. 11.upward/'△pwad/ad/adv.向上的：向上地 词汇变形 反义词：downward(dowm-表“向下”) 构词解析 前缀up-:表“向上”；后缀-wad:构成形容词或副词，表“方向”。 例句：The smoke rose upward into the sky: 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The graph shows an (upward)trend in sales over the past year.(答案：upward) 12.matchless/'maetflas/adj.无比的；无双的 构词解析 前缀match-:表“匹配”；后缀less:否定后缀，表“无…的”，合意为“无可匹配的”。 同类词：care(关心)→careless(粗心的)：hope(希望)→hopeless(绝望的) 例句：Her beauty is matchless in the whole country. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试）：The team's performance was (match) and they won the championship easily.(答案：matchless) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (effect has caused global temperatures to rise gradually. 2.The higher court decided to (推翻)the previous judgment. 3.She has a (机械的)way of solving problems,never considering new methods. 4.The stars are (可见的)only on clear nights 5.His (悲观主义)made him lose confidence in the pr'oject. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The soldier was seen(guard)the entrance when the accident happened 2.This material is (resist)to high temperatures,so it's widely used in industry 3.The graph shows a clear(upward)trend in housing prices this year. 4.Her performance in the competition was (match),winning her the first prize. 5.The museum has many ancient artifacts on (display)this month. 4 高中重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 6.He has a strong (resist)to changing his bad habits. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.她忍不住买了那件漂亮的裙子。 She couldn't that beautiful dress. 2.这种新型材料防水，适合户外使用。 This new material is water,so it's suitable for outdoor use. 3.价格呈现下降趋势已有半年了。 Prices have been in a for half a year. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A new museum opened last week, (display)many rare mechanical devices.The exhibits in- clude old clocks and early engines,all designed by(mechanic)from the 19th century.Visitors can see how these machines work,but they must not touch them.Guards are(guard)the valu- able items day and night. One special exhibit is a robot with a(match)ability to perform complex tasks.It can even resist (drop)objects due to its advanced sensors.The museum hopes this display will inspire young people to learn about science and technology.So far,the number of visitors has shown an (upward)trend,with over 5,000 people visiting in the first three days. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.greenhouse 2.overturn 3.mechanical 4.visible 5.pessimism 工.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.guarding 2.resistant 3.upward 4.matchless 5.display 6.resistance L.完成句子 1.resist buying 2.resistant to 3.downward trend V.语篇填空 1.displaying 2.mechanics 3.guarding 4.matchless 5.dropping 6.upward 5