Unit 4 Exploring literature 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（译林版）

高中必修第二册译林版 【必修第二册】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 必修第二册 【Unit4】Exploring literature 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 chapter'faepta(r)/n.章节，篇defeat/d'fi:tt.击败，战胜：n.confused /kan'fu:zd/adj.糊涂 章 失败，战败：击败 的，迷惑的：不清楚的，混乱的 poetry/'paU3trih.诗集，诗歌attempt/A'tempt/vt.&n.努力，clear up(头脑)清醒：使整洁， stage/sterd3m.舞台：阶段：步尝试，试图 清理 骤：t.上演，举办 straighten/'strertn/.t.挺直；（使）be on the point of doing sth正 *autobiogr aphy/,3 tabar'pgrafi/n.变直，变正 要做某事 自传 *strain/strem/n.用功，使力；压*weave /wi:v/wi.&t.(wove, *biography /bar'pgr3fi/n.传记，力，拉力：重负 woven)编，迂回行进 传记作品 alongside/A'lD则saId/adv.在一 *nushy/'mwi/adj.糊状的，软 extremely/ik'stri:mli/adv.极其，旁；与一起 而稠的 非常，极端 *accomplish/3'kAmplif/vt.完成f1ash/flem.闪光，闪现：vt.& destroy/d'stro1/vt.摧毁，毁灭，noble/nabl/adj.贵族的，高贵vi.(使闪光；（使）闪现 破坏 的：崇高的：宏伟的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.biography /bar'Dgrafi/n.传记，传记作品 词汇变形 相关名词：autobiography（自传) 构词解析 前缀bio-:表示“生命、生物”；后缀-graphy:表示“书写、记录”。autobiography中auto-为前缀 “自己、自动”。 例句：This biography tells the story of a famous scientist's life. 2.extremely/k'stri:mli/adv.极其，非常，极端 词汇变形 形容词形式：extreme 构词解析 前缀ex-:表示“超出、极度”：后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词。 例句：The weather is extremely cold today,so we should wear warm clothes. 1 高中必修第二册译林版 【必修第二册】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.destroy/d'stroI/vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏 词汇变形 名词形式：destruction 构词解析 前缀de-:表示“向下、完全”；后缀-tion:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或状态”。 例句：The earthquake destroyed many houses in the village 4.defeat/d'fitt.击败，战胜；n.失败，战败：击败 词汇变形 形容词形式：defeated(被击败的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表示“向下、相反”；feat与“做、行动”相关。 例句：Our team was defeated in the final match,.but we tried our best. 5.attempt/'tempt/vt.&n.努力，尝试，试图 词汇变形 名词形式：attempt(与动词同形) 构词解析 前缀at-:表示“方向、朝着”；-tempt意为“尝试、试探”。 He made an attempt to climb the mountain,but he failed due to bad weather. 6.accomplish/为'kAmplif/vt.完成 词汇变形 名词形式：accomplishment 构词解析 前缀ac-:表示“加强”；-complish意为“完成、实现”；后缀ment:加在动词后构成名词。 例句：She worked hard to accomplish her goals before the deadline. 7.confused /kan'fju:zd/adj..糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的 词汇变形 动词形式：confuse 名词形式：confusion 构词解析 前缀con-:表示“共同、一起”；fse意为“融合、混合”；后缀-ed:构成形容词，表“感到… 的”；-sion:构成名词。 例句：The complicated instructions confused many students. 8.f1ash/flem.闪光，闪现：t.&vi.(使)闪光：（使闪现 词汇变形 形容词形式：flashy(闪光的，俗丽的) 构词解析 后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…特征的”。 高中必修第二册译林版 【必修第二册】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：A flash of lightning lit up the dark sky. 9.stage/steid3/n.舞台：阶段：步骤：t.上演，举办 词汇变形 动词形式：stage(与名词同形) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，可联系“stage”作为“阶段”时，与“step”近义，作为动词“上演”时，体现“搭 建舞台展示”的含义。 例句：The school will stage a play for the New Year celebration. 10.noble/'nabl/adj.贵族的，高贵的：崇高的：宏伟的 词汇变形 名词形式：nobility(贵族，高贵) 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 例句：He has a noble heart and always helps those in need. 11.strain/strem/m.用功，使力：压力，拉力：重负 词汇变形 动词形式：strain(与名词同形，意为“拉紧，尽力”) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，可通过“strain every nerve'”(竭尽全力)理解其动词含义。 例句：The heavy workload put a lot of strain on him. l2.weave /wi:v/vi.&t.(wove,woven)编，迂回行进 词汇变形 过去式：wove:过去分词：woven 构词解析 不规则动词变形，注意其特殊的过去式和过去分词形式。 例句：She wove a beautiful basket with bamboo strips. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The scientist's (传记)will be published next month. 2.The fire caused great()to the ancient temple. 3.She felt a sense of_ (成就)after finishing the project. 4.There was a _(闪光)of light before the thunder. 3 高中必修第二册译林版 【必修第二册】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 5.The treated the common people with kindness. 6.His (困惑)was obvious when he heard the news. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (extreme)hot weather made everyone feel uncomfortable. 2.We should try our best to(accomplish)our dreams. 3.The (confuse)instructions led to many mistakes. 4.She made an (attempt)to solve the problem alone. 5.The (defeat)team left the field quietly after the match. 6.The (noble)of his character won everyone's respect. 7.The heavy bag(strain)his back as he carried it upstairs. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位作家正在写一本关于爱因斯坦的传记。 The writer is writing a Einstein. 2.他成功完成了这项艰巨的任务。 He successfully the difficult task. 3.闪电照亮了整个天空。 A lightning lit up the whole sky 4.我们不应该在公共场合说别人的坏话。 We shouldn't speak ill of others in 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中必修第二册译林版 【必修第二册】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Helen Keller was a remarkable woman.Her life story is like an inspiring. (biography).Though she was blind and deaf,she didn't give up.With the help of her teacher,she learned to read and write.She made many(attempt)to communicate with the world.Her hard work allowed her to _(accomplish)great things.She even wrote books to encourage others.Once,she said, "Life is either a (bold)adventure or nothing."Her words have (extreme)inspired people around the world.Even when facing difficulties,she never showed a (defeat)attitude.Instead, she faced challenges with a (noble)spirit.Her story teaches us that we can overcome any obstacle with determination. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.biography 2.destruction 3.accomplishment 4.flash 5.noble 6.confusion Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.extremely 2.accomplish 3.confusing 4.attempt 5.defeated 6.nobility 7. strained I.完成句子 1.biography about 2.accomplished 3.flash of 4.public places V.语篇填空 1.biography 2.attempts 3.accomplish 4.bold 5.extremely 6.defeated 7.noble 5