Unit 2 Natural disasters 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 词汇精讲 【Unit2】Natural disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 pole /paul/n.柱，杆；极 供给，提供 document/'dokjumant/.h.文件， inform/m'fm/t.了解，熟悉：donate/d'net/t.捐赠，赠 公文：（计算机中的）文档 通知 送：（献血） honey/'hnin.(爱称)亲爱的： hurricane/'harikon/.m.飓风 charity/'t∫erati/n.慈善机构（或蜂蜜 conference/'kpnfarans/n.会议，组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容otherwise'A03waIz/adv.否则， 研讨会；讨论，商谈 staff/sta:f/n.全体职工：管理人不然：除此之外 shock/fpk/n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈员：t.〈口)工作，任职于curious/'kjuarias/adj.好奇的： 震动：t.使震惊 slide /slaId/vt.幻灯；降低，下奇特的 scare/sea(r)/t.&vi.惊吓，害滑：山崩：vi.&t.滑行；逐渐*Roman/'raumen/adj.古罗马 怕：n.恐慌；惊吓 陷入 的：罗马的：n.古罗马人：罗马 power/'paa)/m.电；电力：权fund /fAnd/n.资金：基金 人 力：政权：控制力：能力：能量；flood /flAd/n.洪水，水灾；大量；erupt/'rpt/vi.&t.(火山)爆 力量 vi.&t.淹没，泛滥：大量涌入；发；突然发生 n out of用完，耗尽 充满 unearth/n'3:0/t.使出土，挖 supply/s3'plah.补给，补给品：downstairs/,daUn'ste3z/adv.在掘，发掘：发现，找到 供应：供应量，储备：t.供应，楼下，往楼下；n.楼下 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.inform/m'fm/t.了解，熟悉；通知 名词形式：information(信息；情报) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“进入”；词根fom:表“形状、形式”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作 或过程的结果”。 同类词：education(教育)←-educate(教育)、invitation(邀请)←-invite（邀请) 例句：Could you inform me of the meeting time in advance? 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：We needmore (inform)about the hurricane before making a decision.(答案：information) 2.conference/'kpnfarans/h.会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 动词形式：confer(商议：授予) 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；词根fer:表“携带、带来”；后缀-ence:构成名词，表 “动作或状态”。 同类词：difference(差异)←-differ(不同)、preference(偏好)←-prefer(更喜欢) The international conference on climate change will be held next month. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：They conferred for hours but couldn't reach an agreement. 3.shock/Dk/.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动：t.使震惊 形容词形式：shocking(令人震惊的)、shocked(感到震惊的) 构词解析：后缀-ing:加在动词后，构成形容词，表“令人…的”（修饰事物)：-d:表“感到… 的”（修饰人）。 同类词：exciting(令人兴奋的)、excited(感到兴奋的) 例句：The news of the earthquake left us in shock. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：It was(shock)to hear that the famous actor had passed away.(答案：shocking) 4.power/'paUa()m.电；电力：权力：政权：控制力：能力；能量；力量 形容词形式：powerful(强大的：有力量的) 构词解析：后缀-fl:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“充满…的；具有…性质的”。 同类词：careful(小心的)、successful(成功的) 例句：Wind power is a clean and renewable energy source. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习)：China is becoming a(power)country in science and technology.(答案：powerful) 5.supply/s3'plah.补给，补给品；供应：供应量，储备：t.供应，供给，提供 名词复数：supplies(物资；补给品) 构词解析：前缀sup-(=sb-):表“在…下面：补充”；词根ply:表“折叠；填满”。 固定搭配：supply sth.tosb./supply sb.with sth..(向某人提供某物) 例句：The government is trying to ensure a steady supply of food and water. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The company supplies electricity to millions of house- holds. 6.donate/da'nett.捐赠，赠送；（献血） 名词形式：donation(捐赠；捐赠物) 构词解析：前缀do-(=at-):表“给予”；后缀-ate:构成动词；-ion:构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 同类词：devote(致力于)→devotion(奉献)、e1cate(教育)→education(教育) 例句：Many people donated money to the charity after the flood. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：All(donate)will be used to help homeless children. (答案：donations) 7.curious./'kjoarias/adj.好奇的：奇特的 名词形式：curiosity(好奇心：奇物) 副词形式：curiously 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 构词解析：后缀-ty:加在形容词后，构成名词，表“性质、状态”：y:构成副词。 同类词：popular(受欢迎的)一popularity(普及)、rapid(迅速的)→rapidly(迅速地) 例句：The curious child asked endless questions about the stars 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：Out of(curious),she opened the mysterious box. (答案：curiosity) 8.erupt'rApt/vi..&t.(火山)爆发；突然发生 名词形式：eruption(爆发；喷发) 构词解析：前缀e-(=ex-):表“出来、向外”；词根upt:表“破裂”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动 作或结果”。 同类词：interrupt(打断)→interruption(中断)、corrupt（腐败)→corruption(腐败) 例句：The volcano erupted after being inactive for50 years. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The eruption caused widespread damage to the surround- ing villages. 9.unearth/n'3:θt.使出土，挖掘，发掘发现，找到 反义词：eath(埋入土中；把…接地) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“相反动作；除去”；词根eath:表“土地”。 同类词：uncover(揭露)、unlock(解锁) Archaeologists unearthed a ancient tomb dating back to the Roman period. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：The police unearthed new evidence that helped solve the case. 10.document/'dokjumant/n.文件，公文；（计算机中的）文档 动词形式：document/'dokjument/(记录；记载) 构词解析：词根doc:表“教导：证明”；后缀-ment:构成名词，表“工具；结果”。 同类词：equipment(设备)、agreement(协议) 例句：Please sign the document and return it to the office.. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The research findings were documented in a scientific paper. 11.otherwise/AoawaIz/adv..否则，不然；除此之外 同源词：other(其他的)、wise(方式：方向) 构词解析：由“othr(其他)+wise(表‘方式’)”构成，字面义“以其他方式”，引申为“否则”。 例句：Hurry up,otherwise we'll miss the train.. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：You must study hard;:otherwise,you won't pass the exam 12.1 ood /flAd/n.洪水，水灾；大量；vi.&t.淹没，泛滥：大量涌入；充满 形容词形式：flooded(被淹没的：充斥的) 构词解析：后缀-d:加在动词后，构成形容词，表“被…的；充满…的”。 例句：The heavy rain caused floods in many parts of the city. 3 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The market was flooded with cheap imported goods. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government will hold an international (会议)on environmental protection next week. 7.After the heavy rain,the river (and caused serious damage to the nearby villages. 8.The (of the volcano forced thousands of people to leave their homes. 9.We need to collect more (信息)before making a final decision 10.The company has a steady (of raw materials from its overseas partners. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The (shock)news about the accident spread quickly across the city. 7.She has a strong. (curious)about ancient civilizations and often visits museums. 8.The team (confer)for hours but still couldn't agree on the project plan 9.Wind」 (power)is becoming an important source of clean energy in many countries. 10.A11 (donate)to the charity will be used to support children in poor areas. 11.The police (unearth)some valuable artifacts during the construction of the new road. 12.The research results were (document)in a detailed report. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.请提前通知我会议的时间和地点。 Please the time and place of the meeting in advance. 2.这家工厂向当地居民供应电力。 The factory electricity the local residents. The factory the local residents electricity. 3.听到这个令人震惊的消息，她感到非常震惊。 Hearing the news,she felt very 4.他的演讲充满了力量，深深地打动了听众。 His speech was full of and deeply moved the audience. 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 5.出于好奇，他打开了那个盒子。 he opened the old box. 6.如果不努力学习，你将无法通过考试。 Study hard, you won't pass the exam. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A terrible earthquake hit the small town last week.The moment the earthquake happened,people were (shock)andran out of their houses in panic.The local government immediately organized rescue work and tried to ensure a steady(supply)of food and water.Many volunteers (donate)money and supplies to help the victims.After the earthquake,some archaeologists came to the area and (unearth)some ancient tools.They held a(conference)to discuss their findings,which were later(document)in a research paper.The (erupt)of a nearby volcano added to the difficulties,but with the support of the whole country,the town is now slowly recovering.People are grateful for the (power)help they received and have started to rebuild their homes. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.conference 7.flooded 8.eruption 9.information 10.supply Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.shocking 7.curiosity 8.conferred 9.power 10.donations 11.unearthed 12. documented II.完成句子 1.inform me of 2.supplies to;supplies with 3.shocking shocked 4.power 5.Out of curiosity 6.otherwise V.语篇填空 1.shocked 2.supply 3.donated 4.unearthed 5.conference 6.documented 7. eruption 8.powerful 5