Unit 1 Nature in the balance 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 词汇精讲 【Unit 1】Nature in the balance 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 shark小ak/n.鲨鱼 全部地，完整地 branch /bra:nt∫/n.(政府或机构) spring to mind突然记起（或想 snog/smDg/n.雾霾，烟雾 部门：分部：树枝：支流：分支 到) get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 strategy/'stratad3in.策略，行 whale /weil/n.鲸 protest /'pratest/vi.反对，抗动计划；策划，部署 deer /dia(r)/n.(pl.deer) 议；t.反对；坚持声称，申辩；recycle/i:'saikl/vt.回收利用， rack /traek/t.&vi.跟踪，追/'prautest/n.抗议，反对 再利用 踪：n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；profit /'profit/.n.利润，收益，好subway/'sAbweI/n.地铁：地下 跑道；路线 处：vi.&t.获益，得到好处人行道 habitat/'haebrtaet/n.生活环境，defence/d'fens/(AmE defense)former/'fo:ma)/adj.昔日的， 栖息地 n.辩护：防御，保护；防御物；前任的：以前的，从前的 nowhere/'nauwea(r)/adv.无处，国防；防守 official/,e'fi/n.官员，要员：adj. 哪里都不 various'vearias/adj.各种不同公务的；正式的，官方的 dolphin/dolfin/n.海豚 的，各种各样的 poverty/povati//n.贫穷，贫困： resident/'rezidont/n.居民，住process/'prauses/n.过程，进程；贫乏 户 步骤，流程；t.加工，处理poison/poizn/t.污染；毒死， chief /tfi:f/n.首领，最高领导 economic/,i:k'nomk/adj.经济毒害：n.毒物，毒药 人；adj.主要的：首席的 的，经济上的：可赚钱的 committee /ka'mrti/n.委员会 policy/'pDlasi/n.政策，方针： entirely /in'tali/adv.完全地，原则 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.resident/'rezidant/n.居民，住户 动词形式：reside(居住) 形容词形式：residential(住宅的；与居住有关的) 构词解析：后缀-ent:加在动词后构成名词，表示“做…的人”；reside(动词，居住)→resident (名词，居民)：-ial是形容词后缀，构成residential(住宅的)。 同类词：student(学生，由study变化而来)、president(总统，由preside变化而来) The residents of this community often take part in environmental protection activities. 1 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习)：Local (reside)have reported seeing a bear in the nearby forest..(答案：residents) 2.official/'f/n.官员，要员；adj.公务的：正式的 名词形式：office(办公室：职务) 副词形式：officially(正式地；官方地) 构词解析：后缀-ial:加在名词office后构成形容词official(官方的)：-ly是副词后缀，构成officially。 同类词：commercial(商y业的，由commerce变化而来)、financial（金融的，由finance变化而来) The official announcement will be made at tomorrow's press conference. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The new policy was officially introduced last month. 3.economic/ik3npnk/adj.经济的；可赚钱的 名词形式：economy(经济：节约) 副词形式：economically(经济上：节约地) 构词解析：后缀-ic:加在名词economy后构成形容词economic(经济的)：-ally是副词后缀，构成 economically。 同类词：historic(历史的，由history变化而来)、scientific(科学的，由science变化而来) The country is facing serious economic problems due to the pandemic. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习)：We need to find an(economy)way to solve this problem.(答案：economic) 4.various/'vearias/adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 名词形式：variety(多样；种类) 动词形式：vary(变化：改变) 副词形式：variously(不同地：多方面地) 构词解析：后缀-ous:加在名词variety后构成形容词various(多样的)；vay是动词原形，表示“变 化”。 同类词：dangerous(危险的，由danger变化而来)、famous(著名的，由fane变化而来) 例句：There are various reasons for his decision to study abroad. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：Students come from various backgrounds and have different interests. 5.recycle/Ii:'sakl/t.回收利用，再利用 名词形式：recycling(回收利用) 构词解析：前缀re-:表示“再；又”；cycle(循环)→recycle(再循环，即回收利用)。 同类词：reuse(再利用)、rewrite（重写) 例句：We should recycle plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：_(recycle)paper is one of the best ways to protect the environment.(答案：Recycling) 6.former/'fma)/adj.昔日的，前任的 反义词：latter(后者的：近来的) 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 构词解析：无明显前后缀，但可与latter对比记忆，固定搭配“the former.the latter.”表示“前者 …后者…”。 例句：Her former husband is now working in a foreign company. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句)：He chose the former option rather than the latter.. 7.poison/'poizn/t.污染；毒死：n.毒物，毒药 形容词形式：poisonous(有毒的：有害的) 构词解析：后缀-ous:加在名词poison后构成形容词poisonous(有毒的)，表示“具有…性质的”。 同类词：dangerous（危险的)、mountainous(多山的) 例句：Some mushrooms contain a deadly poison that can kill people. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：The river was (poison)by the factory's waste water.(答案：poisoned) 8.process/'prauses/n.过程，进程；t.加工，处理 名词形式：processing(加工；处理) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，但可作为多词性词记忆，名词表示“过程”，动词表示“加工”。 The food processing industry plays an important role in the local economy. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The data needs to be processed before we can analyze it.. 9.profit,/'prDfit/n.利润，收益；vi.&t.获益 形容词形式：profitable(有利可图的；有益的) 构词解析：后缀-able:加在动词profit后构成形容词profitable(可获利的)，表示“能…的”。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)、enjoyable(愉快的) 例句：The company made a huge profit from the new product last year. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习)：It is not always easy to find a(profit)business opportunity.(答案：profitable) l0.defence/dr'fens/n.辩护；防御(AmE defense) 动词形式：defend(防御；辩护) 形容词形式：defensive(防御的：辩护的) 构词解析：后缀-ce:构成名词defence,动词形式为defend;-ive是形容词后缀，构成defensive。 同类词：offence(冒犯)→offend(冒犯)→offensive(冒犯的) 例句：The team's defence was very strong in yesterday's football match. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习)：He tried to_(defence)himself against the accusa- tions.(答案：defend) 11.policy/pplasi/n.政策，方针 名词复数：policies(以“辅音+y”结尾，变y为i加-es) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，但需注意复数形式变化规则。 例句：The government has introduced a new policy to reduce air pollution. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：Environmental protection policies have been carried out across the country. 3 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance l2.strategy/'stratad3i/n.策略，行动计划 名词复数：strategies(以“辅音+y”结尾，变y为i加-es) 形容词形式：strategic(战略的；关键的) 构词解析：后缀-ic:加在名词strategy后构成形容词strategic(战略的)。 例句：We need to develop a long-term strategy to solve this problem. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：The general came up with a clever_(strategy)to defeat the enemy.(答案：strategy) l3.economic/,i:ka'npmik/adj.经济的 易混词：economical(节俭的：经济实惠的) 构词解析：economic强调“与经济相关的”，economical强调“节约的”，二者词源相同但含义不同。 例句：Buying a used car is more economical than a new one.. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册同步练习）：This car is very一(economy)toun.(答案： economical) l4.protest/'pratest//n.抗议；/pra'test/v.反对 名词形式：protestation(声明；抗议，正式用词) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，但需注意词性变化时的发音差异（名词重音在前，动词重音在后)。 Thousands of people took to the streets to protest against the new law. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第三册教材例句）：The workers held a protest outside the factory. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Local (have reported seeing a bear in the nearby forest. 2.The new policy was (正式地)introduced last month, 3.We need to find an (经济的)way to solve this problem 4.The government has introduced a new (政策)to reduce air pollution. 5.The general came up with a clever (策略)to defeat the enemy. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The residents of this community often take part in environmental protection (activity) 2.The country is facing serious(economy)problems due to the pandemic 3.There are various (reason)for his decision to study abroad. 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 4.We should (recycle)plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. 5.The company made a huge(profit)from the new product last year. 6.He tried to (defence)himself against the accusations. 7.Environmental protection (policy)have been carried out across the country. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这个社区的居民经常参加环保活动。 The of this community often take part in environmental protection activities. 2.政府出台了一项新政策来减少空气污染。 The government has introduced a new to reduce air pollution. 3.回收纸张是保护环境的最佳方法之一。 paper is one of the best ways to protect the environment. 4.他试图为自己的指控辩护。 He tried to himself against the accusations. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Local (resident)have recently noticed more efforts to protect the environment.The govern- ment has introduced new (policy)to encourage recycling and reduce waste.For example, many communities now have special bins for different types of rubbish,making it easier for people to (recycle). Experts say these measures are part of a long-term_ (strategy)to improve the （econ- omy)situation while protecting nature."It's important to find (economy)ways to solve environmental problems,"said an official."We need to balance development and protection." Residents have responded positively."I used to throw away plastic bottles,but now I_ (recy- cle)them,"said one local.Such changes,though small,are expected to have a big impact on the community's future. 参考答案 J 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Nature in the balance I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.residents 2.officially 3.economic 4.policy 5.strategy Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.activities 2.economic 3.reasons 4.recycle 5.profit 6.defend 7.policies L.完成句子 1.residents 2.policy 3.Recycling 4.defend V.语篇填空 1.residents 2.policies 3.recycle 4.strategy 5.economic 6.economical 7.recycle 6