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高中必修第三册译林版
Unit 1
词汇变形及词缀精讲
必修第三册
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
harm/ha:m/n.&t.伤害,损害species/'spi:i:zn.(pl.species)硬树(阔叶树的木材)
soi/son.土壤;国土,领土,种,物种
living/lvm/adj.活着的,活的:
土地
nut/nAt/h.坚果:brazil nut巴西在使用的;n.生计,谋生:生活
*ecosystem/'i:kausistam/n.生态坚果
方式
系统
*liy/'lrli/n.百合(花):water lily*nammal/'meml/n.哺乳动物
overseas/va'si:z/adj.海外的,睡莲
*jaguar/d3 egjus()h.美洲豹,
国外的:adv.在海外,向国外variety /va'rarati/n.不同种类:美洲虎
region/'ri:d3nm.地区,区域;变化,多样性:变种,变体
survive/sa'varv/vi..生存,存活;
行政区
wildlife /'warldlarf/n.野生动植t.幸存,幸免于难
continent/'kontmant/n.大陆,陆物,野生生物
frog/fiDg/h.蛙,青蛙
地,洲
beneath/br'ni:θ/prep.在…下面,in turn相应地,转而
million/'mjan/num.一百万:许在…下方;配不上
insect/'msekt/h.昆虫
多,大量
mass /maes/h.大量;团,块,堆;microorganism/,mak3':ganz3m/n,
length /len0/n.长,长度:时间一大群:adj.大批的,广泛的微生物
的长短:篇幅:(电影)片长
towering'tavarm/adj.高大的,break down使分解(为),使变化
biodiversity baraodaI'v3:sati/n.
高耸的:出色的
(成)
生物多样性
hardwood/'ha:dwdn.阔叶树;
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.harm/ham/n.&t.伤害,损害
词汇变形
形容词形式:harmful(有害的)
反义词:harmless(无害的)
构词解析
后缀fl:加在名词后构成形容词,表“充满…的:具有…性质的”:ess表“无…的”(反
义后缀)。
同类词:helpful(有帮助的)、careless(粗心的)
例句:Smoking is harmful to your health.(吸烟有害健康。)
高中必修第三册译林版
Unit1词汇变形及词缀精讲
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):It's important to protect the environment because many
human activities are
__ham)to wildlife.(答案:harmful)
2.vary/'veari/v.变化:改变(注:原词为variety,此处补充动词原形)
词汇变形
名词形式:variety(多样性;种类)
形容词形式:various(各种各样的)
副词形式:variously(不同地;多方面地)
构词解析
后缀-ty:构成抽象名词,表“性质、状态”;-ous构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”;y构成副
词。
例句:There are a variety of books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):This region is famous for its various plants and animals.
3.survive/sa'varv/vi.生存,存活:t.幸存,幸免于难
词汇变形
名词形式:survival(生存;幸存)
形容词形式:survivable(可存活的:可幸存的)
构词解析
前缀sur-:表“超过;在…之上”;词根viv表“生命”(如vital“至关重要的”):后缀-al构成名
词,-able构成形容词表“可…的”。
例句:She managed to survive the earthquake..(她成功在地震中幸存下来。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The__(survive)of the endangered species depends
on human protection.(答案:survival)
4.living/'lv/adj.活着的,活的:n.生计,谋生
词汇变形
动词形式:live(v.居住:生活)
名词形式:life(生命;生活,复数lives)
副词形式:livably(宜居地)
构词解析
后缀-ing:加在动词后构成形容词,表“正在…的:具有…特征的”;life为live的名词形式(不
规则变化)。
例句:The living organisms in the ecosystem are interdependent.(生态系统中的生物是相互依存的。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):He makes a living by teaching English.
5.mass /maes/h.大量:团,块:adj.大批的,广泛的
词汇变形
形容词形式:massive(巨大的:大量的)
副词形式:massively(大量地;巨大地)
构词解析
后缀-ive:加在名词后构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”;y构成副词。
高中必修第三册译林版
Unit1词汇变形及词缀精讲
例句:A massive amount of data was collected for the research.(为这项研究收集了大量数据。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The_(mass)destruction of forests has led to serious
environmental problems..(答案:massive)
6.tower/taUa()m.塔;V.高耸(注:原词为towering,此处补充词根)
词汇变形
形容词形式:towering(高大的;高耸的)
构词解析
后缀ig:加在动词后构成形容词,表“正在…的:具有…特征的”。
例句:The towering mountains stand in the distance.(高耸的山脉矗立在远方。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):The Amazon is home to towering hardwood trees
7.organism/':ganz3m/m.有机体;生物(注:原词为microorganism,此处拆分讲解)
词汇变形
动词形式:organize(组织;安排)
名词形式:organization(组织;机构)
构词解析
前缀micro--:表“微小的”(microorganism即“微生物”);词根organ表“器官;机构”;后缀-isn
构成名词表“…体系:…生物”,-ize构成动词表“使…化”,-ation构成名词表“动作或结
果”。
例句:An organism is a living thing that can function on its own.(有机体是能独立运作的生物。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):Microorganisms play an important role in breaking down
soil nutrients
8.regional/'ri:d3anl/adj.地区的;区域的(注:原词为region,此处补充形容词形式)
词汇变形
名词形式:region(地区;区域)
副词形式:regionally(在地区层面;区域性地)
构词解析
后缀l:加在名词后构成形容词,表“…的”;y构成副词。
例句:Regional customs vary from place to place.(地区习俗因地而异。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):This plant is common in the southern region of the
country.
9.continental/,kotr'nentl/adj.大陆的:大陆性的(注:原词为continent,.此处补充形容词形式)
词汇变形
名词形式:continent(大陆:洲)
构词解析
后缀al:加在名词后构成形容词,表“…的”。
同类词:national(国家的)、natural(自然的)
例句:The continental climate has hot summers and cold winters..(大陆性气候夏季炎热,冬季寒冷。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):Asia is the largest
(continent)in the world.
3
高中必修第三册译林版
Unit1词汇变形及词缀精讲
案:continent)
l0.overseas/,Uv3'si:z/adj..海外的:adv.在海外
词汇变形
合成词解析:over-(越过)+sea(海洋)+-s(表复数),字面义“越过海洋的”,引申为“海外的”。
动词短语:go overseas(出国;去海外)
例句:Many students choose to study overseas for further education.(许多学生选择出国深造。)
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):Our company has established overseas branches in Europe
and Asia
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
L.The government has taken measures to protect the_(生物多样性)in the rainforest.
2.The
(大陆的)climate is quite different from the coastal climate.
3.This new policy will have a__(地区的)impact on local businesses.
4.Many
(昆虫)are important for pollinating flowers..
5.The
(长度)of the bridge is about500 neters.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The
(survive)of the rare animals depends on the protection of their habitat.
2.There are
(vary)ways to solve this problem.
3.Smoking is
(harm)to both smokers and non-smokers
4.The company has made(mass)investments in renewable energy.
5.The
(organize)of the event took three months to complete.
6.She is interested in (region)cultures and traditions.
7.The (tower)building stands at the center of the city.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
1.这个地区以其各种各样的植物和动物而闻名。
This region is famous for its
of plants and animals.
高中必修第三册译林版
Unit1词汇变形及词缀精讲
2.他靠教英语谋生。
He
by teaching English
3.保护野生动物对维持生态平衡至关重要。
Protecting wild animals is crucial for maintaining
4.数百万的人受到了这场自然灾害的影响。
people were affected by the natural disaster.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
The Amazon rainforest is known for its rich
(biodiverse).It is home to
(vary)plants
and animals,including many rare species.The
(live)organisms here depend on each other for
survival.However,human activities such as deforestation have caused
_(mass)damage to the
ecosystem.Local governments are now taking action to protect this unique environment.Scientists
say that the
(survive)of many species here is at risk.They also warn that the loss of forests
will lead to more
(harm)effects on the global climate.
参考答案
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.biodiversity 7.continental 8.regional 9.insects 10.length
Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.survival 2.various 3.harmful 4.massive 5.organization 6.regional
7.towering
L.完成句子
1.variety of 2.makes a living 3.ecological balance 4.Millions of
V.语篇填空
1.biodiversity 2.various 3.living 4.massive 5.survival 6.harmful