Unit 3 Festivals and customs 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（译林版）

高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 【Unit3】Festivals and customs (二》 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 twist/twist/vi.&t.扭转，转度的：一年的 头 动：使弯曲：曲折：n.转动；转fall on适逢，正当 identity/ar'dentati/n.特性；身 折：曲折处 lunar/luna(r)/adj.月亮的，月份 clap /klap/vi.&t.鼓掌，拍手；球的 previous/'pri:vias/adj.先前的， n.鼓掌，拍手 observe /ab'z3vt.遵守；注意以往的：稍前的 march /ma:tf/vi..齐步走，前进；到；观察：庆祝 duty/'dju:ti/n.责任，义务：上 游行示威：n.游行示威：行进nation/nen/n.民族，国家：国班，值班：职责：税 current/'kKArant/n.水流，潮流：民 precious/'pres/adj.宝贵的， 电流：思潮：adj.当前的：通用honour'pnar)/(AmE honor)n.珍贵的：珍奇的，珍稀的 的 尊敬，尊重：荣幸；荣誉；t.尊evei:vln.前夜，前夕 beer /bIa(r)/n.啤酒 重，尊敬：给予表扬：信守：in china't∫ana/n.瓷：瓷器 roast /raust/t.&vi.烘，烤，焙honour of为向…表示敬意plate /plert/n.盘子，碟子：板 (肉等) generation/,d3en3ten/n.一代块：车牌 be caught up in被卷入，陷入人：代，一代；产生 annual/cenjul/adj.每年的，年source/s:sn.来源，起源，源 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.current/'krnt/adj.当前的；通用的；n.水流，潮流：电流：思潮 词汇变形 副词形式：currently(当前，目前) 构词解析 前缀cur-:表“跑、流动”（如occur“发生”）：后缀-ent:构成形容词或名词，此处作形容词时表 “流动的”，作名词时表“流动的事物”。 例句 Current trends show that more students are choosing online courses. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习) Thesituation requires immediate action from the government.(current) 2.annual/'enjual/ad.每年的，年度的：一年的 词汇变形 副词形式：annually(每年，年度地) 高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 名词形式：anniversary(周年纪念日) 构词解析 前缀annu-:表“年”（如anniversary“周年”）：后缀-al:构成形容词，表“…的”。 同类词：natural(自然的)、national(国家的) 例句 The school holds an annual sports meeting in October. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册教材例句） The annual rainfall in this area is about 1000 mm. 3.lunar/'luna(r)/adj.月亮的，月球的 构词解析 词根lun-:表“月亮”（如lunatic“精神错乱的”，原指受月亮影响的）：后缀-ar:构成形容词，表 “与…有关的”。 同类词：solar（太阳的)、familiar(熟悉的) 例句 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival based on the lunar calendar 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） A-eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.(lunar) 4.observe /ab'z3v/t.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 词汇变形 名词形式：observation(观察：观察结果) 形容词形式：observant(善于观察的) 构词解析 前缀ob-:表“加强”：词根sev-:表“保持、看守”（如serve“服务”）：后缀-e:构成动词，-ation 构成名词，-at构成形容词表“…的人/性质”。 例句 The scientist spent years observing the behavior of monkeys in the wild. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习) It is important to traffic rules to ensure road safety..（答案：observe) 5.generation/,d3ena'rejn/n.一代人：代，一代；产生 词汇变形 动词形式：generate（产生，引起) 形容词形式：generational(世代的，代际的) 构词解析 词根gener-:表“出生、产生”（如gene“基因”)：后缀-atio:构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 例句 There is often a gap between different generations in terms of values. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册教材例句） The new technology has generated great interest among young people 2 高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 6.previous./'pri:vias/adj.先前的，以往的：稍前的 词汇变形 副词形式：previously(先前，以前) 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“在…之前”（如preface“前言”)：词根vi-:表“路”（如via“通过”)；后缀-ous: 构成形容词，表“…的”。 例句 She has no memory of her previous life in the small town. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） The meeting was held in the same conference room last month.(previous) 7.precious/'pres/adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“在前、首要”；词根ci-:表“价值”（如price“价格”）：后缀-ous:构成形容词，表 “充满…的”。 同类词：precious(珍贵的)、delicious(美味的) 例句 Time is the most precious thing we have,so we should not waste it. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习) These old photos are_to my grandmother because they remind her of her youth.(precious) 8.national/'nafnal/（由nation变形而来)adj.国家的：民族的 词汇变形 名词形式：nation(民族，国家)→副词形式：nationally(全国范围内) 构词解析 词根nat-:表“出生”（如native“本土的”）；后缀-ion构成名词nation,-al构成形容词表“国家 的”。 例句 National Day is a public holiday in many countries 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习) The flag of China is red with five yellow stars.(答案：national) 9.identity/ar'dentati/n.特性；身份 词汇变形 形容词形式：identical(完全相同的) 动词形式：identify(识别，认出) 构词解析 前缀iden-:表“相同”（如identical“相同的”）：后缀-ity:构成抽象名词，表“性质、状态”。 例句 Losing one's identity in a new country is a common challenge for immigrants. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） Please show your_card before entering the building.(答案：identity) 高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs l0.duty/dju:ti/n.责任，义务；上班，值班；职责：税 词汇变形 形容词形式：dutiful(尽职的，尽责的) 构词解析 词根dl-:表“二、双”（如dal“双重的”）：后缀y:构成名词，表“性质、状态”（如safety“安 全”)。 例句 It is our duty to protect the environment for future generations. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册教材例句） As a student,your first duty is to study hard. 11.source/sos/n.米源，起源：源头 构词解析 词根sour-:表“流动、源泉”（如resource“资源”，re-表“再”+source“源泉”）；后缀-e:构成名 词。 例句 The main source of energy for this city is solar power. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） We need to find a reliable_of information for our research.(source) l2.previous/pri:vias/adj.先前的，以往的；稍前的 词汇变形 副词形式：previously（先前，以前) 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“在…之前”；词根Vi-:表“路”；后缀-ous:构成形容词。 例句 She mentioned her previous job during the interview. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习) The data from the_experiment was more accurate than the new one.(previous) 13.china/'tama/n.瓷：瓷器 构词解析 专有名词China(中国)派生而来，小写china特指“瓷器”，因古代中国以瓷器闻名。 例句 This museum has a collection of ancient china from the Ming Dynasty. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） The tea set is made of fine_and painted with beautiful patterns.(china) l4.precious/'pres/adj.宝贵的，珍贵的 词汇变形 副词形式：preciously(珍贵地，过分讲究地) 构词解析 高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 前缀pre-:表“在前、重要”；词根ci-:表“价值”；后缀-ous:构成形容词。 例句 Family time is precious and should be cherished. 真题链接（译林版高中必修第二册同步练习） The necklace is made ofstones and gold.(答案：precious) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The()situation requires immediate action from the government. 2.The school holds an_(每年的)sports meeting in October. 3.A(eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon. 4.It is important to()traffic rules to ensure road safety. 5.There is often a gap between different_(一代人)in terms of values. 6.We need to find a reliable()of information for our research. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Current trends show that more students _(choose)online courses currently 2.The annual rainfall in this area(be)about 1000 mm. 3.The scientist spent years(observe)the behavior of monkeys in the wild. 4.The new technology has_(generate)great interest among young people. 5.She has no memory of her(previous)life in the small town. 6.Time is the most_(precious)thing we have,so we should not waste it. 7.Please show your(identify)card before entering the building 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.中秋节是基于农历的中国传统节日。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival based on the 2.作为学生，你的首要责任是努力学习。 As a student,your firstis to study hard. J 高中必修第二册译林版 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 3.这个城市的主要能源来源是太阳能。 The mainof energy for this city is solar power. 4.这个博物馆收藏了许多明代的古瓷器。 This museum has a collection of ancient from the Ming Dynasty. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 (current),many young people are interested in traditional culture.They often observe_(tradition) festivals with their families.For example,during the Mid-Autumn Festival,people eat mooncakes and admire the full moon.This is a(nation)tradition that has been passed down for(generation). Some young people also like to learn about the(history)background of these festivals.They think it is important to protect and inherit these cultural heritages.By doing so,they can better understand their cultural(identify)and pass it on to future generations. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.current 2.annual 3.lunar 4.observe 5.generations 6.source II.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.are choosing 2.is 3.observing 4.generated 5.previous 6.precious 7.identity III.完成句子 1.lunar calendar 2.duty 3.source 4.china V语篇填空 1.Currently 2.traditional 3.national 4.generations 5.historical 6.identity 6