Unit 1 Nature in the balance 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 1】Nature in the balance二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 nutrient/nju:triant/n.营养素， 有影响：冲击 call for(公开)要求：需要 营养物 extinctionk'strgkfin/n.灭绝，绝application/eplr'erf/n.应用， breathe life into给.带来起色，种 运用：申请 注入活力 damage/deud3/t.&n.损害，brochur'e/'br%Br/n.小册子 carbon/"ka:bam/n.碳 伤害，损坏，破坏 organization /3:ganar 'zerfn/n. oxygen/pksid3ar/n.氧，氧气 climate/klarmat//n.气候：倾向，组织，团体：组织工作；安排，条 hus6s/adv.因此，从而：这样风气 理 disappear/,disa pia(/vi.不复build up逐渐增加，扩大 absolutely/ebsalu:.tli/adv.绝对 存在，灭绝，消亡；消失：失踪global/glaubl/adj.全球的：全地，完全地；极其 due to由于，因为 面的 belt/belt//n.地带，地区；腰带； agriculture/cegrIkaltfa(r)/n.农greenhouse/'gi:nhaus/n.温室，传送带 业，农学 暖房 nedal,/ed/n.奖章，勋章 cattle/'kcetl/n.牛 gas/ges/n.气体；煤气；汽油image/ud3n.形象：图像：意 impact/paet/n.影响，作用：drought /dravt/n.旱灾，久旱象 撞击，冲撞：m pcekt/vi.&t. come up with想出，想到 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.nutrient/'nju:triant/n.营养素，营养物 词汇变形 形容词形式：nutritious(有营养的) 动词形式：nourish(滋养，养育) 构词解析 后缀-nt:构成名词，表”具有某种性质的事物'：-ious是形容词后缀，表”具有…性质的”。 同类词：different(不同的)←-difference(差异)、confident(自信的)←-confidence(信心) Fresh vegetables are rich in nutrients and are very nutritious for our health. 2.agriculture/'egrikAIt/(r)/n.农业，农学 词汇变形 形容词形式：agricultural(农业的) 1 高中必修第三册译林版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 前缀agri-:表”田地、农业”（源自拉语ager”田地”）：后缀-culture表”耕种、培养’；-al是形容 词后缀，表”…的”。 同类词：industrial(工业的)←-industry(工业)、cultural(文化的)←-culture(文化) Agricultural development plays an important role in the country's economy. 3.extinction/k'stkn/n.灭绝，绝种 词汇变形 动词形式：extinguish（熄灭：使灭绝) 形容词形式：extinct(已灭绝的) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表”完全、彻底”；词根stinct/stingu表”刺、戳’，引申为”使停止、熄灭”’；后缀-ion构成 名词，-ish构成动词，-inct是形容词后缀。 The extinction of dinosaurs is a well-known event in history.Many species have become extinct due to human activities 4.damage/'daemid3/t.&n.损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 词汇变形 形容词形式：damaged(受损的) 构词解析 后缀-age:构成名词，表”行为的结果或状态”；动词原形可直接加-ed构成形容词。 同类词：marriage(婚姻)、storage(储存) The storm caused great damage to the houses,and many buildings were damaged. 5.application/.epl'ken/n.应用，运用：申请 词汇变形 动词形式：apply(申请：应用) 形容词形式：applicable(适用的) 构词解析 前缀ap-(=ad-):表”朝向、去”；词根ply表”折叠、弯曲”，引申为”使用、应用”；后缀-ation构 成名词，-ble构成形容词，表”可…的”。 You need to fill in this application form if you want to apply for the job.This rule is applicable to all students. 6.organization/.3:g3nal'zen/n.组织，团体；组织工作；安排，条理 词汇变形 动词形式：organize(组织) 形容词形式：organized(有组织的：有条理的) 构词解析 词根organ表”器官；机构”；后缀-ize构成动词，表”使…化”；-ation构成名词，-ed构成形容词。 同类词：realize(实现)←-realization(实现)、apologize(道歉)←-apology（道歉) This organization was founded in 1990 to help poor children.She is a very organized person and 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 keeps her desk tidy. 7.global/'glaubl/adj.全球的；全面的 词汇变形 名词形式：globe(地球；球体) 构词解析 前缀glob-:表”球、球体”；后缀-a构成形容词，表”…的”。 同类词：national(国家的)←-nation(国家)、personal(个人的)←-person(人) Global warming is a serious problem that affects the whole world.The earth is a globe. 8.absolutely/'aebsalu:tli/adv.绝对地，完全地：极其 词汇变形 形容词形式：absolute(绝对的：完全的) 构词解析 前缀ab-:表”离开、脱离”：词根solut表”松开、解决”（源自拉丁语solvere):后缀-ute构成形容 词，y构成副词。 例句：You are absolutely right..He has absolute control over the company. 9.image/'mrd3yn.形象；图像；意象 词汇变形 动词形式：imagine(想象：设想) 形容词形式：imaginary(想象的：虚构的) 构词解析 前缀im-(=in-):表”进入、使”；词根mag表”模仿、相似”；后缀-age构成名词，-ine构成形 容词（表”具有…性质的”)。 The company is trying to improve its public image.Can you imagine what life will be like in the future?Unicorns are imaginary animals. l0.disappear/,ds3'pIa)/vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡：消失；失踪 词汇变形 名词形式：disappearance(消失；失踪) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表”相反、否定”：appear(出现)；后缀-ance构成名词。 同类词：disagree(不同意)←-disagreement(分歧)、dislike(不喜欢)←-dislike(厌恶) The sun disappeared behind the clouds.Her disappearance made her family very worried. 11.impact/'mpaekt/n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞；/m'pekt/vi.&t.有影响：冲击 词汇变形 形容词形式：impactful(有影响力的) 构词解析 前缀im-(=in-):表”进入、向内”：词根pact表”压紧、结合”；后缀-fl构成形容词，表”充满… 的”。 3 高中必修第三册译林版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 The new policy will have a great impact on the environment.Her speech was very impactful and moved many people. 12.drought/drat/n.旱灾，久旱 词汇变形 形容词形式：drought-stricken(遭受旱灾的) 构词解析 无明确前后缀，属于单纯词。但可通过复合词形式构成形容词，如'drought-stricken'”(被旱灾侵袭 的)。 The area has been suffering from drought for three years,and many crops have died.The drought- stricken region needs help 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.Proper (农y业的)practices can help reduce environmental pollution,. 7.The (of this rare bird has raised public concern about wildlife protection. 8.The heavy rain caused serious (损害)to the local farmland. 9.With the」 (of new technology,our work efficiency has greatly improved. 10.The (aims to provide clean water for people in poor areas. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Fresh fruits and vegetables are (nutrient)and good for health. 2.Human activities have led to the(disappear)of many plant species. 3.The new policy will have a significant (impact)on global trade. 4.She is a highly (organize)person who always plans her work in advance. 5.This rule is (apply)to all students,regardless of their grades. 6.The storm left many houses (damage),and the government is providing aid. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.全球变暖对生态系统造成了严重威胁。 poses a serious threat to ecosystems. 4 高中必修第三册译林版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.我们应该采取行动保护那些已灭绝的物种。 We should take action to protect those 3.这个项目的成功取决于团队的合作和 (有条理的)安排。 The success of the project depends on team cooperation and 4.科学家们正在研究新技术在农业中的 (应用)。 Scientists are studying the of new technologies in 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change has become a major global issue,affecting both natural environments and human societies.One of its consequences is the increase in extreme weather events,such as_ (drought) and floods.These events not only cause economic(damage)but also threaten food security, especially in(agriculture)regions. To address this problem,international (organize)have called for immediate action.For exam- ple,reducing carbon emissions and promoting the(apply)of renewable energy are considered key measures.Additionally,protecting forests can help prevent the(extinct)of species and maintain biodiversity. Individuals can also play a role.Simple actions like saving water and reducing waste can make a difference.As the saying goes,"Small steps lead to great (achieve)."By working together,we can build a more sustainable future for our planet. 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.agricultural 7.extinction 8.damage 9.application 10.organization Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.nutritious 2.disappearance 3.impact 4.organized 5.applicable 6.damaged L.完成句子 1.Global warming 2.extinct species 3.organized arrangement 4.application;agriculture V.语篇填空 1.droughts 2.damage 3.agricultural 4.organizations 5.application 6.extinction 7 achievements 5