内容正文:
高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
必修第三册
【Unit4】Scientists who changed the world
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
bomb/bom/.炸弹;核武器;t.否认,否定
许可证
轰炸
intellectual mnta'lektfual/adj.responsibility /rI,sponsa'bilati/n.
evi/ivlh.罪恶,恶行:害处,力的:有才智的,智力发达的:责任,负责:职责,义务
坏处:adj.恶毒的:有害的:恶n.知识分子,脑力劳动者
declare /dr'klea)/t.表明,宣
魔的
mystery /'mistri/n.神秘;神秘称;公布,宣布:申报
involve /in'vDIv/vt.包含,牵涉,的人(或事物),悬疑作品
nationality /naefs'naelati/n.
影响:(使)参加
let sb down使某人失望
籍:民族
scientific/,saren'tfik/adj.科学ignorance/'1 gnarans/h.无知
put forward提出,提议,建议
的,关于科学的;细致严谨的sto关于,至于
evolution/i:va'lu:n/m.进化,演
credit/kredit/n.赞扬,认可;信take it for granted/'grantid/想变,发展
用:t存入金额:把…归于当然地认为,认为…是理所当publish /'pAbli/vt.出版,发行:
mor al/'npral/ad.道德的;道义然
发表:公布
上的:品行端正的;n.品行,道freedom/fri:damn.自由
marriage/'maerid3/n.结婚,婚
德;寓意
authority/:'prati/n.权威,权姻:已婚状态
apply /a'plar/v.&vi.应用:申力;官方
请:涂;有关
permit /p3mt/t.&vi.允许,准
negate /nr'get/t.取消,使无效:许,许可;使有可能;'p3mt/n.
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.scientific/,saren'tfik/adj.科学的,关于科学的:细致严谨的
名词形式:science(科学)
构词解析
前缀sci-(=ow,知道):后缀-ent:构成形容词,表”具有…性质的”;-ifc:复合后缀,表”与
…有关的”。
同类词:scientist(科学家)←-science+-ist(表人)
例句:We need to use scientific methods to solve this problem.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The_(science)research has made a great break-
through in medicine.(答案:scientific)
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高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
2.moral/'npral/adj.道德的:道义上的:品行端正的:n.品行,道德;寓意
副词形式:morally(道德上:道义上)
名词复数:morals(道德准则)
构词解析
词根mor-(=custor,习惯;道德):后缀-al:加在名词后构成形容词,表”…的”;-ly构成副词。
例句:It's important to make moral choices in life,
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):We should consider the moral influence of our actions.
3.intellectual/,t'lektfual/adj.脑力的:有才智的,智力发达的;n.知识分子,脑力劳动者
名词形式:intelligence(智力:智慧)
副词形式:intellectually(智力上;理智地)
构词解析
前缀intel-(=inter-,在…之间):词根lect-(=choose/gather,选择;收集):后缀-ual:构成形容
词;y构成副词。
同类词:intelligent(聪明的)←-intelligence+-ent
例句:Reading is an intellectual activity that enriches our minds.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):She has a strong
(intelligent)and learns new things
quickly..(答案:intelligence)
4.freedom/'firi:dam/m.自由
形容词形式:free(自由的:免费的)
副词形式:freely(自由地;无拘束地)
构词解析
词根fee(自由的):后缀-dom:加在形容词后构成抽象名词,表”状态:领域”。
同类词:kingdom(王国)←-king+-dom
例句:Everyone has the right to enjoy freedom of speech.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):They fought for the freedom of their country.
5.responsibility/r1,spDns3'bilati/n.责任,负责;职责,义务
形容词形式:responsible(有责任的:负责的)
副词形式:responsibly(负责地;可靠地)
构词解析
前缀re-(-back,回);词根spons--(promise,承诺):后缀-ible:构成形容词,表可…的';-ity:
构成名词,表”性质:状态”。
固定搭配:be responsible for(对…负责)
例句:As adults,.we must take responsibility for our actions.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):You should be (responsibility)for what you said.
(答案:responsible)
6.nationality/,ne3'naelti/m.国籍:民族
形容词形式:national(国家的:民族的)
名词形式:nation(国家;民族)
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高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
构词解析
词根nat.(=bom,出生):后缀-ion:构成名词;-al:构成形容词:-ity:构成抽象名词。
同类词:international(国际的)←-inter--+national
例句:Please write down your name and nationality on the form.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The_(nation))flag of China is red with five stars.
(答案:national)
7.evolution/,iva'lu:/h.进化,演变,发展
动词形式:evolve(进化;演变)
形容词形式:evolutionary(进化的;发展的)
构词解析
前缀e-(=out,向外);词根volv-(=roll,滚动;旋转):后缀tion:构成名词;ay:构成形容词。
例句:The theory of evolution was put forward by Darwin.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):Many species have evolved over millions of years.
8.publish/'pAblif/vt.出版,发行:发表;公布
名词形式:publication(出版;发行;出版物)
形容词形式:published(已出版的;已发表的)
构词解析
前缀pub-(public,公共的);词根lish-(make,使);后缀-ation:构成名词;-ed构成形容词。
例句:The company plans to publish a new dictionary next year.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):His new book will be in(publish)next month.
(答案:publication)
9.negate /nI'gett.取消,使无效;否认,否定
名词形式:negation(否定;否认)
形容词形式:negative(否定的;消极的)
构词解析
前缀neg-(mo/not.,不;否定):后缀-ate:构成动词;-ion:构成名词;-ive:构成形容词。
例句:Her actions negate the promises she made earlier
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):Don't have a__(negate)attitude towards life,tyto
stay positive..(答案:negative)
l0.apply/'pla/t.&vi.应用:申请:涂:有关
名词形式:application(申请;应用)
形容词形式:applicable(适用的;可应用的)
构词解析
前缀ap-(=ad-,向):词根ply-(=fold,折叠;倍数):后缀-ation:构成名词;-able:构成形容词,
表”可…的”。
例句:You need to apply for a visa before traveling abroad.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The new technology has many practical
(apply)
in industry.(答案:applications)
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高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
l1.permit /p3'nrtt.&vi.允许,准许,许可;使有可能;/p3mt/h.许可证
名词形式(动词对应):permission(允许;许可)
形容词形式:permissible(允许的:可准许的)
构词解析
前缀per(=through,通过):词根mit.(=send,送;放出):后缀-ion:构成名词;-ible:构成形容
词。
例句:Smoking is not permitted in public places.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册教材例句):You must get a permit to park here.
12.declare/d'klea(r)/t.表明,宣称:公布,宣布:申报
名词形式:declaration(宣布:声明:申报)
形容词形式:declared(公开声明的:公然的)
构词解析
前缀de-(=dowm,向下;完全):词根clar-(=clear,清楚的):后缀-ation:构成名词:-ed构成形
容词。
例句:The government declared a state of emergency.
真题链接(译林版高中必修第三册同步练习):The
(declare)of independence was signed in 1776.
(答案:declaration)
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The government's new policy aims to protect the
(自由)of speech for all citizens.
7.As students,we must understand our
_(债任)to society and future generations.
8.Darwin's theory of (changed people's views on the origin of species.
9.Please fill in your name,age and(on the application form.
10.The scientist's latest (has attracted worldwide attention from the academic community.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
5.The research team used
(science)methods to analyze the experimental data accurately.
6.She has a strong sense of (moral)and always tries to do the right thing
7.Reading widely is an important way to develop your(intelligent)and critical thinking skills
8.After years of hard work,they finally gained the
(free)to make their own choices.
9.You must act
_(responsible)when making decisions that affect others.
高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
10.The company requires all employees to get written
(permit)before taking leave.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
4.我们应该用科学的方法解决这个问题。
We should use
to solve this problem.
5.他的行为违背了他之前做出的承诺。
His actions
the promises he
earlier
6.申请这份工作需要填写详细的个人信息。
You need to
detailed personal information to apply for the job.
7.政府宣布进入紧急状态以应对自然灾害。
The government
emergency to deal with the natural disaster.
8.她的智力使她能够快速掌握新技能。
Her
her to master new skills quickly.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
In modern society,
_(science)development has greatly changed people's lives.However,with
technological progress comes the need for
(moral)responsibility.For example,artificial
intelligence,as an
(intellectual)achievement,requires careful consideration of its impact on
human
(free)
Scientists and engineers must act
(responsible)to ensure AI benefits society.They should also
(declare)potential risks to the public.The
(evolve)of AI technology should not negate
human values but rather promote global(cooperate).
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.freedom
7.responsibility 8.evolution 9.nationality
10.publication
工.用所给单词的适当形式填空
5.scientific 6.morality 7.intelligence 8.freedom 9.responsibly
10.permission
高中译林版
【必修第三册】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
II.完成句子
4.scientific methods 5.negate;made 6.fill in 7.declared a state of 8.intelligence
enables
V.语篇填空
1.scientific 2.moral 3.intellectual 4.freedom 5.responsibly 6.declare 7.evolution
8.cooperation
6