Unit 1 Growing up 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 【Unit1】Growing up 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 approve/A'pru:v/v.赞成，同意commitment /ka'mItmont/.n.投cherish/'t∫erf/v.重视，珍视 steady/'stedi//ad.稳定的 入，花费 routine /ru:'tin/n.惯例，习惯 tempt /tempt/v.诱惑，引诱 suitable/'su:tabl/adj.合适的 primeval /prar'mi:vl/adj.原始 librarian /lar'brearian/n.图书馆 minimum/mmmmam/adj.最小的，远古的 管理员 的，最少的 swallow/'swDlao/v.吞下，咽下 household/'haushauld/adj.家庭bittersweet/.bta'swi:t/adj.苦乐prey /prer/n.猎物 的 参半的 chew /tfu:/v.咀嚼 commute /k3'mjut/n.每天上班boarder/'b:da/n.寄宿生，住 的路程 校生 deposit/d'pDZIt/n.订金 varied/'vearid/adj.各种各样的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.approve/'pru:v/v.赞成，同意 名词形式：approval/pru/(赞成，批准) 构词解析：前缀ap-(=ad-,表“向，去”)+prove（证明)→“去证明（其正确性）”→赞成。 例句：The manager approved our plan after careful consideration.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：He nodded his head in (approve)of the decision.(答案：approval) 2.librar'ian/1ar'brearian/n.图书馆管理员 名词形式（场所）：library/'larbrari/(图书馆) 构词解析：词根libr(书)+-ay(表场所，“…馆”)→library(图书馆)：后缀-an:加在名词后， 表“从事…职业的人”→librarian(图书馆管理员)。 同类词：musician(音乐家)←-music(音乐) 例句：The librarian helped me find the reference book I needed. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The school librar'ian is responsible for organizing books and helping students. 3.household/haushauld/adj.家庭的：n.家庭 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 拆分解析：house(房屋)+hold(持有，容纳)→“容纳一家人的地方”→家庭。 形容词用法：household chores(家务)：名词用法：a large household(一个大家庭)。 例句：Rice is a staple food in many Chinese households. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Her paintings often reflect (household) life in the countryside.(答案：household) 4.deposit/di'pDzt/n.订金：v.存放，存款 动词形式：deposit(同形，“存放，存款”) 构词解析：前缀de-(向下)+posit(放置)一→“向下放置”→存放：引申为“订金”（预先放置的 钱)。 例句：You need to pay a deposit of2O0 yuan to reserve the room. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：H© (deposit)all his savings in the bank last month.(答案：deposited) 5.commitment/k3'mitmant//n.投入，花费：承诺 动词形式：commit/k?'mt/(承诺，投入) 构词解析：前缀com-（共同)+mit(送，放出)一“共同送出（心意/精力）”→承诺，投入；后缀 ment:加在动词后，构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 例句：Her commitment to the project made it a great success, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：We need a leader with strong_ (commit) to the team's goals.(答案：commitment) 6.suitable/'su:tabl/adj.合适的 动词形式：suit/su:t/(适合)：副词形式：suitably/'su:tabli/ 构词解析：词根sit(适合)+后缀-ble(可…的，能…的)→“可适合的”→合适的。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)←-comfort(舒适) 例句：This dress is suitable for the formal occasion. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：Choose a job that (suitable)your interests and skills.(答案：suits) 7.ninimum/'mmmm3m/adj.最小的，最少的；n.最小值 反义词：maximum/'maeksimam/(最大的，最大值) 构词解析：前缀mini-(小的)+-um(名词后缀，表“结果，量”)→最小值；作形容词时表“最 小的”。 例句：The minimum age for driving in China is 18. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：You need to score a】 (minimum)of 60 points to pass the exam.(答案：minimum) 8.cherish/'teV.重视，珍视 名词形式：cherishment/'tferifmant/(珍惜，珍视) 构词解析：词根chr(=car,关心，喜爱)+后缀-ish(使…，表动作)→“使关心，使喜爱”→ 珍视。 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 例句：We should cherish the time we spend with our family. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：She】 (cherish)the old photo album as a precious memory.(答案：cherishes) 9.routine /ru:'tin/n.惯例，习惯；adj.常规的 形容词形式：routinized/'u:tmaizd/(例行的，习惯的) 构词解析：词根route(路线)+后缀-ie（表“性质”)→“固定路线”→惯例：作形容词时表“常 规的”。 例句：Exercise has become part of his daily routine.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：She found it hard to break away from her old routine. 10.swallow/'swDlad/V.吞下，咽下；n.燕子 派生名词：swallowing/'swpla四/（吞咽） 构词解析：拟声词，模拟吞咽时的声音：作名词时指“燕子”（因飞行时动作迅速如吞咽）。 例句：He swallowed the medicine with a glass of water 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The bird (swallow)the worm in one- 口吞下了虫子。（答案：swallowed) l1.prey /prer/n.猎物：v.捕食 固定搭配：prey on(捕食：掠夺) 构词解析：源自拉丁语“prehendere'”(抓住)，作名词指“被捕食的对象”，作动词指“捕食”。 例句：Owls prey on mice and other small animals. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句)：The lioness hid in the grass,waiting for her prey. 12.chew/tfu:/v.咀嚼 派生名词：chewing/'tu:/(咀嚼)：过去式/过去分词：chewed 构词解析：拟声词，模拟咀嚼时的声音：常见搭配：chew gum(嚼口香糖)，chew food thoroughly (细嚼慢咽)。 例句：It's important to chew your food well before swallowing. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：He(chew)the meat slowly to help diges-. tion.(答案：chewed) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The librarian helped me find several (参考)books on history 2.You need to pay a()of 500 yuan to book the concert tickets. 3.Her (to the research project finally led to a breakthrough. 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 4.The (最小的)temperature in winter here can reach-l0C. 5.We should learn to (珍视)the friendship between classmates. 6.Doing (is an important part of family responsibility. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The manager (approve)our proposal after a long discussion yesterday. 2.This jacket is (suit)for outdoor activities in spring. 3.She has made a (commit)to volunteer at the library every weekend. 4.The bird (swallow)the fish in one quick movement. 5.He (chew)the food slowly to aid digestion. 6.The (library)organized a book donation activity last week 7.We need to deposit more money to meet the(require)of the loan. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他点头表示同意这个决定。 He nodded his head of the decision. 2.图书馆管理员负责整理图书和帮助学生。 The school is responsible for organizing books and helping students. 3.在中国，驾驶的最低年龄是18岁。 The for driving in China is 18. 4.猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。 Owls mice and other small animals 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 Every morning,my (day)routine starts with a healthy breakfast.I usually (chew)my food carefully before swallowing to avoid indigestion.After breakfast,I walk to the bus stop,where I often see swallows flying overheadthey(prey)on insects in the grass. Last week,I visited the city library to borrow books for my report.The(librarian)there was very helpful and recommended some reference materials.To borrow the books,I needed to pay a small deposit,which would be returned when I(return)the books on time. Studying requires great (commit),so I set a(minimum)of two hours of reading ev- ery day.I cherish these quiet moments of learning,as they help me grow both academically and personally 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.reference 2.deposit 3.commitment 4.minimum 5.cherish 6.household Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.approved 2.suitable 3.commitment 4.swallowed 5.chewed 6.librarian requirement L完成句子 1.in approval 2.librarian 3.minimum age 4.prey on V.语篇填空 1.daily 2.chew 3.prey 4.librarian 5.returned 6.commitment 7.minimum 5