Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（外研版）

高中选择性必修第一册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Onwards and upwards 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 debt/detn.债务，欠款 persevere/,p3s3'vIa(r)w.锲而laureate/'lo:riat/n.重要奖项获 pace /peis/n.速度：进度 不舍，坚持不懈 得者 inform/n'fm/w.通知，告知 criticism/'krtisizam/m.批评；指Poet Laureate桂冠诗人 dread/dred/v.畏惧，惧怕 责 classic/'klaesik/n.名著：经典作 rarely/'reli/ad.很少，难得 manuscript/'maenjuskript/h.手品 overnight/,aUva'nat/adv.突然，稿，底稿 endurance /i'djoarans/n.( 一下子 rye /rai/n.黑麦 耐力 rejection /'d3eknm.拒绝，否best-seller/,best'sels()m.畅销guarantee/.ger3n'tiw.保证：确 决 书：畅销产品 保 nevertheless nevaoa'les/adv. Victorian /vik'to:rian/adj.delighted /dI'laitid/adj. 愉快的， 而，不过 维多利亚（女王）时代的 高兴的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.inform/m'fm/v.通知，告知 词汇变形 名词形式：information(信息) 形容词形式：informative(提供信息的) 构词解析 前缀in-:表“进入”；词根fo:表“形状，形式”，合意为“使形成（信息）传达给他人”。 例句：Please inform me of any changes in the schedule. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习）：The teacher us that the exam would be held next Monday.(答案：informed) 2.dread/dred/v.畏惧，惧怕 词汇变形 形容词形式：dreadful(可怕的：糟糕的) 副词形式：dreadfully(极其，非常) 构词解析 后缀fl:加在动词后构成形容词，表“充满…的”；y构成副词。 高中选择性必修第一册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：She dreaded walking home alone in the dark. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册阅读填空)：The storm caused widespread damage to the village..(答案：dreadful) 3.reject/r'd3ekt/w.拒绝（由rejection逆推) 词汇变形 名词形式：rejection(拒绝，否决) 形容词形式：rejective（拒绝的) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回，相反”；词根jct:表“扔”，合意为“扔回去”即“拒绝”。 例句：The publisher rejected his manuscript for being too long. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试）：After several he finally got his novel published.(答案：rejections) 4.persevere/p3s3'vIa(r)/.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 词汇变形 名词形式：perseverance(毅力) 形容词形式：persevering(坚持不懈的) 构词解析 前缀per-:表“贯穿，始终”；词根sever:表“严肃，严格”；后缀-e:构成动词，合意为“始终严 格对待（目标）”。 例句：He persevered in learning English even though it was difficult,. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册写作范文）： is the key to achieving success in any field.(答案：Perseverance) 5.criticise/kritisaIz/v.批评（由criticism逆推，英式拼写） 词汇变形 名词形式：criticism(批评：指责) 形容词形式：critical(批评的；关键的) 构词解析 前缀cit:表“判断”；后缀-ism:构成名词，表“行为或结果”；-ise构成动词。 例句：The teacher criticised him for being late again 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解）：The filmreceived mizⅸed from the audience. (答案：criticism) 6.manuscript/maenjuskript/h.手稿，底稿 构词解析 前缀manu-:表“手”（如manual手工的）：词根script:表“写”（如write的变体），合意为“手写 的稿件”。 例句：The author's original manuscript was found in the library 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册课文原句）：The was rejected by several publishers before becoming a best-seller.(答案：manuscript) 高中选择性必修第一册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 7.endurance/m'djuarans/n.(忍)耐力 词汇变形 动词形式：endure（忍受，忍耐) 形容词形式：enduring(持久的，不朽的) 构词解析 前缀en-:表“使…”；词根dure:表“持续”；后缀-ance:构成名词，表“性质或状态”。 例句：Long-distance running requires great endurance. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册完形填空）：His helped him finish the marathon despite the pain.(答案：endurance) 8.guarantee/.gera'ti:v.保证；确保 词汇变形 名词形式：guarantee(保证；保修单) 形容词形式：guaranteed(有保证的) 构词解析 前缀guar-:表“保证”（源自法语）；后缀-ee:构成动词，表“动作”；-ed构成形容词。 例句：The company guarantees a full refund if the product is faulty. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册语法填空)：This watch comes with a two-year (答 案：guarantee) 9.delighted/d'lartid/ad.愉快的，高兴的 词汇变形 动词形式：delight(使高兴) 名词形式：delight(高兴，乐趣) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“完全”；词根light:表“明亮”，合意为“心情像明亮一样”；后缀-ed构成形容词。 例句：She was delighted to hear the good news. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习)：T0our the team won the championship (答案：delight) l0.rarely/reali/adv.很少，难得 词汇变形 形容词形式：rare(稀有的：罕见的) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“相反”；词根rare:表“稀少”；后缀-y构成副词。 例句：She rarely eats fast food because she prefers home-cooked meals. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册阅读理解）：Such extreme weather is seen in this region.(答案：rarely) ll.nevertheless/nevaoa'les/adv.然而，不过 构词解析 由“never the less'”合并而来，字面意为“绝不更少”，即“仍然，不过”，属于合成副词。 3 高中选择性必修第一册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：The task was difficult;:nevertheless,they completed it on time. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册课文原句）：He failed many times. ,he refused to give up.(答案：Nevertheless) 12.classic/'klasrk/n.名著：经典作品 词汇变形 形容词形式：classic(经典的；典型的) 副词形式：classically(古典地；典型地) 构词解析 词根class:表“等级，类别”；后缀-ic:构成形容词或名词，表“具有…特征的”。 例句：“Pride and Prejudice”is a classic of English literature. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第一册单元测试)：The novel has become a and is widely read today..(答案：classic) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The teacher's (通知)about the exam made everyone nervous. 2.The hiker showed great (耐力)to climb the mountain without rest. 3.Her (helped her overcome all difficulties in the project. 4.The novel's original (手稿)was kept in the museum for decades. 5.The product comes with a one-year (for quality issues. 6.His (of the plan was based on careful research. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The documentary was highly (inform)and attracted many viewers. 2.She felt (delight)when she received the acceptance letter. 3.After several (reject),the young writer finally got published. 4.The (criticise)from the audience made the director improve the film 5.Long-distance runners need both speed and(endure). 6.The (classic)novel has been translated into over 30 languages. 7.He (rare)misses his morning exercise routine even on weekends. 高中选择性必修第一册外研版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.请通知我会议时间的任何变动。 Please me any changes in the meeting time. 2.尽管困难重重，他仍然坚持自己的梦想。 He his dream despite all difficulties. 3.这部电影获得了观众的混合评价。 The film received from the audience 4.她因迟到而受到了老师的批评。 She by the teacher for being late. 四、语篇填空（选自外研版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 J.K.Rowling's writing journey was full of challenges.Her first novel's (manuscript)was re- jected by 12 publishers.However,her(persevere)never faded.She continued writing while taking care of her child alone.The (criticise)she received only made her more determined. Finally,a small publisher agreed to print her book.To everyone's(delight),it became a world- wide success.Rowling often says that (perseverance)is the most important quality for writers. Her story teaches us that even in (dread)situations,never giving up leads to victory. (nevertheless),many young writers still lack the courage to face rejections. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.information 2.endurance 3.perseverance 4.manuscript 5.guarantee 6.criticism Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.informative 2.delighted 3.rejections 4.criticism 5.endurance 6.classic 7.rarely L.完成句子 1.inform;of 2.persevered,in 3.mixed,criticism 4.was;criticised V.语篇填空 1.manuscript 2.perseverance 3.criticism 4.delight 5.perseverance 6.dreadful 7 Nevertheless 5