Unit 1 Looking forwards 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 词汇精讲 【Unit 1】Looking forwards三 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 diverge /darvs:dV.(两条alternative b:l'ts:nat/n.可的，胜任的 路)岔开，分开 供选择的事物 fluency/7:asi/n.熟练，流 undergrowth /udagrav0/n.dilemma /dr lema/n.进退两利 (长在大树下或周边的)下层木，难的境地，困境 sincerely/n'sali/adv.由衷 下层灌丛 arise /a'rar/v(由…)引地，真诚地，真心实意地 numerous /uj:mar%s/adj.许起 yours sincerely谨上，敬上，谨 多的，很多的 circumstance /s3 kamstans//n.启（正式信件末尾的常用结束 commercial a3/n.(电情况，情形 语，用于以个人名义落款的信 视或电台的)商业广告 mixture/ukst/ar/n.混合；件) thoughtful/':t/adj.认真思混合体 refreshments /r.frefinants/n. 考的，深思的 affection /a fek/i/n.喜爱，钟茶点，点心和饮料 symbolize/smbalar/v.象征，爱 shift/n.(工厂、医院等轮 代表 qualified/"ulrfard/adj.合格班制中的)当班时间 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.numerous /ji:aras/adj.许多的，很多的 词汇变形 名词形式：number(数量：数字) 动词形式：number(总计；编号) 构词解析 前缀numer-.:表“数、数量”：后缀-ous:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词：famous(著名的)、dangerous(危险的) 例句：There are numerous books in the school library.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The city has (number)historic buildings dating back to the 19 th century.（答案：numerous) 2.commercial /ka'ms:/n.(电视或电台的)商业广告；adj.商业的 词汇变形 名词形式：commerce(商业；贸易) 高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 副词形式：commercially(商业上：通商上) 构词解析 前缀com-:表“共同、一起”；词根merc-:表“交易”；后缀-ial:构成形容词，表“…的”；y 构成副词。 例句：This TV show is interrupted by too many commercials.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：The company is planning a new commercial campaign to promote its products 3.thoughtful/:tf/adj.认真思考的，深思的：体贴的 词汇变形 名词形式：thought(想法：思考) 副词形式：thoughtfully(深思地；体贴地) 构词解析 后缀f:加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满…的：具有…性质的”；y构成副词。 同类词：helpful(有帮助的)、careful(仔细的) 例句：It was thoughtful of her to bring flowers to the host 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：He gave a(thought)answer to the teacher's question.（答案：thoughtful) 4.symbolize/'smmbalaz/V.象征，代表 词汇变形 名词形式：symbol（象征：符号) 形容词形式：symbolic(象征的：象征性的) 构词解析 后缀iz:加在名词后构成动词，表“使…化：以…方式对待”；ic:构成形容词。 同类词：realize(实现)、modernize(使现代化) 例句：The dove symbolizes peace in many cultures, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：In Chinese culture,.the dragon symbolizes power and good luck. 5.alternative b:lts:7nat/n.可供选择的事物：adj.可供替代的 词汇变形 动词形式：alternate(交替；轮流) 副词形式：alternatively(或者：另外) 构词解析 前缀alter-:表“其他的：改变”；后缀-ative:构成形容词或名词，表“有…倾向的；…的事 物”；y构成副词。 例句：We need to find an alternative solution to the problem, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：If you don't like this plan,.you can suggest an (alternate)one.(答案：alternative) 6.dilemma/dh'lea/n.进退两难的境地，困境 高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 词汇变形 形容词形式：dilemmatic(进退两难的) 构词解析 前缀di-:表“二；双”；词根lemma-:表“假设：前提”，合指“两种假设之间的困境”。 She faced the dilemma of choosing between her family and her career. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The government is in a(dilemma)about whether to increase taxes or cut spending.(答案：dilemma) 7.arise /a ra/v.(由…)引起：出现 词汇变形 过去式：arose:过去分词：arisen 名词形式：ise(上升：兴起) 构词解析 前缀a-:表“加强”；词根ise:表“上升；出现”。 例句：Many problems arose from the lack of communication. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：A new opportunity arose when she was offered a job in London. 8.mixture/uks(r/n.混合；混合体 词汇变形 动词形式：miⅸ（混合；调配） 形容词形式：nixed(混合的：混杂的) 构词解析 后缀tre:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作的结果或状态”。 同类词：culture(文化)、structure（结构) 例句：The drink is a mixture of juice and soda 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：She」 (mixture)the flour and water to make dough.(答案：mixed) 9.affection ki/n.喜爱，钟爱 词汇变形 动词形式：affect(影响：打动) 形容词形式：affectionate(充满深情的) 构词解析 前缀af.(ad-的变体)：表“朝向”；词根fect-:表“做：行动”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作或 状态”-ate:构成形容词。 例句：She has a deep affection for her hometown. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：Parents'affection is crucial for a child's devel. opment. l0.qualified/ewolfard/adj.合格的，胜任的 词汇变形 3 高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 动词形式：qualify(使合格：取得资格) 名词形式：qualification(资格：资历) 构词解析 前缀quali-:表“性质；质量”；后缀-fy:构成动词，表“使…化”：ed:构成形容词，表“已完 成的；具备…的”；-cation:构成名词。 例句：Only qualified doctors can perform this operation. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：She needs to get a teaching( (qualify) before applying for the job.(答案：qualification) 11.fluency/:asi/n.熟练，流利 词汇变形 形容词形式：fluent(流利的：流畅的) 副词形式：fluently(流利地) 构词解析 词根flu-:表“流动”：后缀-ency:构成名词，表“性质或状态”；-ent:构成形容词；-ly构成副词。 同类词：frequency(频率)、efficiency(效率) 例句：Her fluency in English helped her get the job. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：He can speak English__(fluent)after years of practice.(答案：fluently) 12.sincerely /sm'ali/adv.由衷地，真诚地 词汇变形 形容词形式：sincere（真诚的：诚挚的) 名词形式：sincerity(真诚；诚挚) 构词解析 前缀sin-(拉丁语“without”)+cere(拉丁语“蜡”，原指“不掺假的”)：后缀-ly:构成副词：-ity: 构成名词。 例句：I sincerely hope you will recover soon 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：Yours sincerely,.Li Hua(信件结尾署名) 13.shit/n.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间：v.转移：改变 词汇变形 形容词形式：shifting(变化的：移动的) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，为基础词汇，可通过搭配拓展：shift work(轮班工作)、shift one's attention(转移 注意力)。 例句：She works the night shift at the hospital, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The company decided to(shif)its focus to online sales.(答案：shift) 4 高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.The dove is a_(象征)of peace in many cultures. 2.She faced the(of choosing between two job offers. 3.We need to find an_(可供替代的)way to solve the problem. 4.His()in French helped him communicate with the locals 5.The company'snew_(商y业的)campaign was very successful. 6.Parents'()is important for a child's growth. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The dragon_(symbolize)power and good luck in Chinese culture. 2.She gave a_(thought)answer to the difficult question 3.Only_(qualify)teachers can teach this advanced course. 4.The drink is a(mix)of milk and fruit juice. 5.He spoke(fluent)after practicing English every day. 6.The government is trying to solve the_(dilemma)situation. 7.If you don't like this plan,you can suggest an-(alternate)one. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这座城市有许多可追溯到19世纪的历史建筑。 The city hashistoric buildings dating back to the 19th century. 2.她体贴地给主人带了花。 It was_of her to bring flowers to the host. 3.这个问题引起了许多讨论。 Many discussions_from this problem. 4.他需要获得教学资格才能申请这份工作。 He needs to get a teaching-to apply for the job. 高中选择性必修第四册外研 【词汇精讲】 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In modern society,people often face the _(dilemma)of choosing between work and family. To solve this,some companies offer flexible working hours as an_(alternate).For example, employees can work from home on certain days,which helps reduce stress and improve productivity. Cultural symbols also play a role in daily life.For instance,the color red_(symbolize)joy in Chinese culture,so it is widely used in festivals.Many people believe that a-(thought)gift,such as a handwritten card,can better express_(affect)than expensive presents. To improve language_(fluent),experts suggest practicing reading aloud and having conversations with native speakers.-(sincere),consistent effort is the key to success. 参考答案 I,根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.symbol 2.dilemma 3.alternative 4.fluency 5.commercial 6.affection Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.symbolizes 2.thoughtful 3.qualified 4.mixture 5.fluently 6.dilemmatic 7. alternative IL.完成句子 1.numerous 2.thoughtful 3.arose 4.qualification V.语篇填空 1.dilemma 2.alternative 3.symbolizes 4.thoughtful 5.affection 6.fluency 7」 Sincerely 6