Unit 6 Nature in words 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 词汇精讲 【Unit6】Nature in words二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 bend /bend/v.变弯曲 sweep/swip/v.吹过，掠过 alert'l3t/v.提醒，使（某人） weathercock /'weoakok/n. tinge/tnd3/v.着淡色于. 意识到 鸡形)风标 wagon/wegp/n.四轮运货车 knowingly/'nao)li/adv.故意地 church /tf3:t∫/n.教堂 reap /rip/v.收割（庄稼） gypsy moth舞毒蛾 rhyme /ranm/n.儿歌，童谣 ban /baen/v.禁止，取缔 dozen/'dz(a)n/num.一打；许 alabaster/'elaba:sta(r)/n.雪花 puzzled/'pAzld/adj.困惑的，无多 石膏 法理解的 thorough/'θra/adj.仔细的；缜 g00se/gu:s/n.鹅 backyard/'baekja:d/n.后院 密的 feather/feoa(r)/n.羽毛 moribund/'mpriband/.adj.垂死precise /pri'saIs/adj.精确的：一 innocent/'mn3snt/adj.天真无邪的，奄奄一息的 丝不苟的 的 tremble/tr女emb(a)Vv.颤抖，发launch /lontf/v.推出，发起 enhance/m'ha:ns/v.改进；增强抖 posthumous /'pDstjomas/adj. bloom /blu:m/v.开花 throb/ob/v.生机勃勃：热闹 后获得的 charm∫am/n.魅力，魔力 chorus/kIs/n.合唱曲 marine/ma'rin/adj.海洋的 bleak /bli:k/adj..阴冷的；阴郁robin/'obm/n.知更鸟 reputation /repju'terf()n/n. 的 catbird/'ketb3:d/n.猫鹊 誉，名望 fade/ferd/v.逐渐消失；褪色 dove /dAv/n.鸽子（常象征和 elegance/'elagans/n.优美；简 orchard/'tad/n.果园 平) 洁 cluster/'klAsta()/n.串，簇 jay/d3e/n.松鸦 passionate/'pea)nat/adj.具有 wheat /wi.t/n.小麦 wren /ren/n.鹪鹩（一种褐色小强烈信念的 pile /parlⅣv.堆放，摞起 鸟) diamond/'daam3nd/n.钻石 gentle/d3entl/adj.轻柔的：温 marsh /ma:f/n.沼泽，湿地 和的 fable/'feb(e)Vn.寓言 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.innocent/'msnt/adj.天真无邪的 名词形式：innocence（天真；清白) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“否定”；后缀-t:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词：independent(独立的)、intelligent(聪明的) 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 例句：The innocent child believed everything the stranger said, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习)：Her (innocent)made her an easy target for lies. (答案：innocence) 2.enhance/m'ha:ns/v.改进：增强 名词形式：enhancement(增强：提高) 构词解析：前缀en-:表“使…进入某种状态”；后缀-ance:构成名词，表“动作或状态”。 同类词：encourage(鼓励)→encouragement(鼓励) 例句：Regular exercise can enhance your physical health 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：The new technology has enhanced the efficiency of the production line. 3.precise /prI'saIs/adj.精确的；一丝不苟的 副词形式：precisely 名词形式：precision(精确性) 构词解析：前缀pre-:表“预先；在前”；后缀-ise:构成动词(precise为形容词，同根动词为precise→ “使精确”)：y构成副词。 The experiment requires precise measurements to ensure accuracy. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：Can you tell me the(precise)time when the meeting will start?(答案：precise) 4.reputation/.repju'tee)n/n.名誉，名望 形容词形式：reputable(声誉好的) 构词解析：前缀re-:表“反复：回”：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或状态”：-able构成形容词， 表“可…的”。 例句：The company has built a good reputation for quality service.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：She values her reputation more than anything else.. 5.elegant/'elrgant/ad.优美的；简洁的 名词形式：elegance(优美：简洁) 副词形式：elegantly 构词解析：后缀-ant:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；-ance构成名词：-y构成副词。 例句：Her elegant manners impressed everyone at the party. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The design of the building combines simplicity with _(elegant).(答案：elegance) 6.passionate/'paf(3)n3t/adj.具有强烈信念的 名词形式：passion(激情：热情) 副词形式：passionately 构词解析：后缀-ate:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；ion构成名词：-y构成副词。 He is passionate about environmental protection and volunteers regularly. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：Her__(passionate))for music led her to become 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 a professional pianist.(答案：passion) 7.marine /me'ri/adj.海洋的 名词形式：marine(海军陆战队士兵) 构词解析：前缀mar-:表“海洋”（源自拉丁语mare“海）：后缀-ine:构成形容词，表“与 有关的”。 同类词：submarine(潜水艇)、maritime(海事的) 例句：Marine life is facing threats from pollution and climate change. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：The research team is studying the effects of plastic waste on marine ecosystems. 8.alert/'l3t/v.提醒，使（某人)意识到 形容词形式：alet(警觉的) 名词形式：alet(警报) 构词解析：前缀al-:表“加强”；后缀-et:表“活跃的”(alet本身为多词性词)。 例句：The teacher alerted the students to the importance of safety. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习)：The loud noise(alert)the residents to the fire. (答案：alerted) 9.thorough/θr3/adj.仔细的；缜密的 副词形式：thoroughly 构词解析：后缀-ogh:构成形容词，表“完全的：彻底的”。 We need to conduct a thorough investigation before making a decision 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The report was (thorough)prepared and covered all key points.（答案：thoroughly) l0.puzzled/'pzld/adj.困惑的，无法理解的 动词形式：puzzle（使困惑) 名词形式：puzzle(谜；难题) 构词解析：后缀-ed:构成形容词，表“感到…的”（修饰人）：-ing形式puzzling表“令人困惑 的”（修饰物）。 例句：She looked puzzled when she heard the unexpected news. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：The puzzled expression on his face showed he didn' t understand the question. 11.posthumous/'pDstjumas/adj.死后获得的 名词形式：posthumy(死后名声，较少用) 构词解析：前缀post-:表“在…之后”；词根hum-:表“土：埋葬”（源自拉丁语humus“土”）： 后缀-0us:构成形容词。 例句：The writer's posthumous novel became a bestseller 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步阅读）：The artist received a posthumous award for his con- tributions to modern art. 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 12.ban /baen/v.禁止，取缔 名词形式：ban(禁令) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，为基础动词，可直接转化为名词。 The government decided to ban single-use plastics to reduce pollution. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：There is a (ban)on smoking in public places in this city..(答案：ban) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The artist's (死后获得的)works were displayed in the museum last month. 2.The company's good _(名誉)helps it attract more customers. 3.Marine (is facing serious threats from plastic pollution. 4.She has an (优美的)way of speaking that impresses everyone. 5.The police issued an about the missing child. 6.His (天真)made him easy to trust others. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The scientist made a(precise)measurement to support his theory. 2.Regular reading can (enhance)your vocabulary and comprehension. 3.The (puzzle)question left all the students confused. 4.She (thorough)checked the report before submitting it. 5.The team conducted a (reputation)survey on customer satisfaction. 6.The teacher (alert)the class to the upcoming exam schedule 7.His (passionate)for music led him to learn three instruments. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.她的优雅举止赢得了所有人的尊重。 Her won everyone s respect. 4 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第三册 2.政府决定禁止在公园内吸烟。 The government decided to in the park 3.这项技术极大地提高了生产效率。 This technology has greatly the of production. 4.他仔细地检查了设备以确保安全。 He the equipment to ensure safety. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A (marine)biologist spent years studying ocean ecosystems.Her research required (precise)data collection and(thorough)analysis.She was (passionate)about protecting marine life and often gave lectures to raise public awareness.Once,she found a(puzzle) phenomenon:some coral reefs were dying for unknown reasons.To solve this,she (alert)local authorities and led a team to conduct further studies.Her(reputation)work finally revealed that water pollution was the main cause.Later,her (posthumous)paper on coral protection was published,becoming a key reference in the field. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.posthumous 2.reputation 3.life 4.elegant 5.alert 6.innocence Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.precise 2.enhance 3.puzzling 4.thoroughly 5.reputable 6.alerted 7.passion L.完成句子 1.elegant manners 2.ban smoking 3.enhanced;efficiency 4.checked;thoroughly V.语篇填空 1.marine 2.precise 3.thorough 4.passionate 5.puzzling 6.alerted 7.reputable 8.posthumous J