Unit 1 Growing up三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 核心词汇 Unit 1 Growing up 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 integrity/n'tegrati/n.正直诚实 tax /taeks/n.税 childhood/'tfaildhod/n.童年， virtue/'v3tu/n.美德 have a say有发言权 儿童时代 licence/'larsns/n.执照 behind the wheel在驾驶汽车 obey /a'ber/v.服从；遵守 loan/an/n.(银行等的)贷款ambulance/'embjalans/n.救护subtle/'sAt/adj.难以察觉的， adulthood/aedAlthud/n.成年 车 微妙的 milestone/mailstaon/n.重大事legal/'ligl/ad.合法的 gradual/'gradjual/adj.逐渐的， 件，里程碑 mature /ma'ta(r)/adj.成熟的，逐步的 election'lek/n/n.选举 明白事理的 selfish/'selfif/adj.自私的 wage /weid/n.(按小时、日或instantly/mnstantli/adv.立即，organ donation器官捐献 周计算的)工资，薪金 马上 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.legal/'Ii:gl/adj.合法的 名词形式：legality(合法性) 副词形式：legally(合法地) 构词解析：前缀leg-:源自拉丁语“lex”(法律)，后缀-l:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…相 关的”。 例句：It is legal to drive only when you have a driving licence. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：What he did was perfectly(legal),sono one could blame him.(答案：legal) 2.mature /m3'tar)/adj.成熟的；明白事理的 动词形式：mature(成熟；使成熟) 名词形式：maturity(成熟) 构词解析：后缀-re:加在动词后构成名词，表“行为、状态”。 Adulthood is a time when people become more mature both physically and mentally. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：Mature individuals are able to make responsible decisions for themselves. 1 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 3.gradual/graedjual/adj.逐渐的，逐步的 副词形式：grad1ally（逐渐地) 名词形式：gradualness(渐进性) 构词解析：前缀grad-:源自拉丁语“gradus”(步，级)，后缀-a:构成形容词：-ly构成副词。 例句：The change from childhood to adulthood is a gradual process. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The number of people using public transport is _(gradual)increasing.（答案：gradually) 4.selfish/'selfi[/adj.自私的 名词形式：selfishness（自私) 反义词：selfless(无私的) 构词解析：前缀slf-:表“自身”，后缀ish:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；-less 表“无…的”（反义后缀)。 Being selfish will make it hard for you to build good relationships with others. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：It's(selfish)to take all the cookies without sharing with your siblings.(答案：selfish) 5.instantly/'mstantli/adv.立即，马上 形容词形式：instant(立即的；速溶的) 名词形式：instant(瞬间) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“加强”，后缀-ant:构成形容词；y构成副词。 例句：He called an ambulance instantly when he saw the accident. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The medicine worked instantly and relieved her pain 6.obedience/Abi:dians/n.服从：遵守（由obey变形） 动词形式：obey(服从；遵守) 形容词形式：obedient(顺从的) 构词解析：前缀ob-:表“朝向”，词根-ey:意为“听从”，后缀-ence:构成名词；-ent:构成形容词。 例句：Obey the traffic rules is important for everyone behind the wheel.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Dogs are known for their(obey)to their owners.(答案：obedience) 7.donation/doU'nen/n.捐赠（由organ donation拆分) 动词形式：donate(捐赠) 构词解析：前缀do-:源自拉丁语“donare”(给予)，后缀-tion:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作 或结果”。 例句：Organ donation can save many lives.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：HIe made a(donate)ofl0,000 yuan to the charity..（答案：donation) 8.election/'lekn/n.选举 2 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 动词形式：elect(选举；选择) 形容词形式：elective(选修的；选举的) 构词解析：前缀e-(=ex-):表“出”，词根lect:意为“选择”，后缀-ion:构成名词：-ive:构成形 容词。 例句：Citizens have the right to vote in the election. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The election will be held next month,andeveryone over 18 has a say in it 9.taxation /taek'seun/n.征税（由tax变形） 动词形式：tax(征税；使负重担) 形容词形式：taxable(应纳税的) 构词解析：后缀-ation:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或过程”；-able:表“可…的”。 例句：Paying tax is a legal duty for every working adult. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：The government is discussing new_(tax) policies to support small businesses.(答案：taxation) 10.licence/'laIsns/n.执照 动词形式：license(批准；许可，美式拼写同licence) 构词解析：前缀lic-:源自拉丁语“licere”(（允许)，后缀-ence:构成名词。 例句：You must have a driving licence before getting behind the wheel, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习)：He needs to (licence)his new restaurant before opening it.(答案：license) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.You need a driving (执照)to legally operate a vehicle on the road, 7.The government is considering new (征税)measures to fund public services. 8.Her (to the rules earned her the trust of the team leader. 9.He made a generous. (to the local hospital for medical equipment. 10.The (results will be announced next Monday afternoon. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 5.The company must act (legal)to avoid being fined by the authorities. 6.Over time,children (mature)both physically and emotionally. 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 7.The number of online shoppers has been (gradual)increasing in recent years. 8.His (selfish)made him unpopular among his roommates 9.The fire department arrived (instant)after receiving the emergency call. 10.The restaurant needs to (licence)its business before opening to the public 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.遵守交通规则对所有司机来说都很重要。 It is important for all drivers to traffic rules. 2.从童年到成年的转变是一个渐进的过程。 The change from childhood to adulthood is a process. 3.这种药能立即缓解疼痛。 The medicine can relieve pain 4.他为自己的无私奉献感到自豪。 He takes pride in his dedication. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In modern society, (legal)awareness is essential for every citizen.For example,when starting a business,one must first obtain a business (licence)and pay (tax)according to the law.During the recent (elect),candidates promised to improve public services through fair (taxation)policies.A(mature)decision-maker always considers the(legal)of their actions.When someone needs help,being (selfish)is never the right choice;instead, acts of kindness and (donate)can make a big difference.Remember,even small changes can (gradual)lead to a better community. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.licence 7.taxation 8.obedience 9.donation 10.election Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 5.legally 6.mature 7.gradually 8.selfishness 9.instantly 10.license 4 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 II.完成句子 1.obey 2.gradual 3.instantly 4.selfless V,语篇填空 1.legal 2.licence 3.tax 4.election 5.taxation 6.mature 7.legality 8.selfish 9.donation 10.gradually 5