内容正文:
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
寒假专版
【Unit5】Learning from nature二
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
cycle/'sak()lVn.自行车
imitation/,mr'te(a)n/n.仿制lotus/'leutas/n.莲花,荷花(文
demand/d'mand/n.需要,需
品
化中常象征纯洁、吉祥)
求
mutt/mAt//n.杂种狗
termite/'t3:mat/n.白蚁
cater/'kerta(r)/n.(物体坠落、frown /fraun/v.皱眉
mound /maond/n.土堆,土丘
炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑positronic/,pDz'tronk/adj.正algae/'eld3i:/n.藻类(植物)
agile/edai/adj.敏捷的,灵活电子的
take.for granted认为…理所
的
tightly/'tartli/adv.紧紧地
当然(常用短语)
slope/lap/.倾斜,成斜坡
desperate/'desparat/adj.拼命pine cone松果,松球
hop /hop/n.跳跃
的,绝望的
tile /tarl/n.瓦片
squeak/skwi:k/v.发出吱吱声
clue /klu:/n.线索,提示
architect/'a:kItekt/.n.建筑师
tendon /'tendan/n.
faulty/f:Iti/adj..有故障的,有nimic/'mimik/v.模仿
wavelength /'wervlenθ/n.波长
缺陷的
mechanical /m3'kaenik (3)1/adj.
consistent/k3n'sIstant/adj.一贯
机械的
的,一致的
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.demand/d'mand/n.需要,需求;v.要求
词汇变形
形容词形式:demanding(要求高的,费力的)
副词形式:demandingly(苛求地)
构词解析
后缀-ig:加在动词后构成形容词,表“令人…的;需要…的”。
例句:The job is very demanding,but it offers a high salary.(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试):Parents are demanding that the school should improve
its safety measures.(答案:demanding)
2.mechanical/m3'keik(a)I/adj.机械的
词汇变形
名词形式:mechanic(机械师):mechanism(机制,机械装置)
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
副词形式:mechanically(机械地)
构词解析
前缀mechan-(机器)+后缀-ical(形容词后缀,表“…的”)。
例句:The mechanical problem was fixed by a skilled mechanic.(外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):He answered the questions mechanically without
thinking.(答案:mechanically)
3.desperate/'desperat/adj.拼命的,绝望的
词汇变形
名词形式:desperation(绝望)
副词形式:desperately(绝望地,极度地)
构词解析
前缀de-(加强意义)+sper(希望,来自拉丁语sperare)+后缀-ate(形容词后缀)。
例句:She made a desperate attempt to escape from the burning building.(外研版高中选择性必修三阅
读材料)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试):The team desperately needed a goal to win the game.
(答案:desperately)
4.consistent/kan'sIstant/adj.一贯的,一致的
词汇变形
名词形式:consistency(一致性)
副词形式:consistently(一贯地)
构词解析
前缀con-(共同)+sist(站立,来自拉丁语sistere)+后缀-ent(形容词后缀)。
例句:Her consistent hard work finally led to success.(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三期中测试):He has been consistently ranked among the top students
in his class.(答案:consistently)
5.imitation/,mr'te(a)n/n.仿制品;v.模仿(动词形式为imitate)
词汇变形
形容词形式:imitative(模仿的)
副词形式:imitatively(模仿地)
构词解析
前缀im-(向…,使…)+it(走,来自拉丁语ire)+后缀-ate(动词后缀),名词形式加后缀
-ion。
例句:Young children often imitate the behavior of their parents.(外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试):The artist's work is an imitation of classical painting
styles.(答案:imitation)
6.faulty/f:lti/adj.有故障的,有缺陷的
词汇变形
名词形式:fault(故障,错误)
2
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
构词解析
名词fut(故障)+后缀-y(形容词后缀,表“多…的:有…的”)。
例句:The machine stopped working because of a faulty part.(外研版高中选择性必修三阅读材料)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):The engineer found the faulty wire and replaced it.
(答案:faulty))
7.aIr'chitect/'a:kItekt/n.建筑师
词汇变形
名词形式:architecture(建筑学,建筑风格)
形容词形式:architectural(建筑的)
构词解析
前缀archi-(主要的,首席的)+tect(建造者,来自希腊语tekton)。
例句:The famous architect designed many iconic buildings around the world.(外研版高中选择性必修
三教材例句)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试):The city is known for its unique architectural style
(答案:architectural)
8.mimic/'mmk/v.模仿
词汇变形
形容词形式:mimetic(模仿的,拟态的)
名词形式:mimicry(模仿,拟态)
构词解析
前缀mim-(模仿,来自希腊语nimos)+后缀-ic(形容词后缀),动词形式保留原形。
例句:Some animals use mimicry to protect themselves from predators..(外研版高中选择性必修三拓展
阅读)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):The parrot can mimic human speech very well..(答
案:mimic)
9.agile/'ed3a/adj.敏捷的,灵活的
词汇变形
名词形式:agility(敏捷,灵活)
副词形式:agilely(敏捷地)
构词解析
前缀ag(加强意义)+ile(形容词后缀,表“易于…的”)。
例句:The athlete's agility helped him win the race.(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):The cat moved agilely through the narrow space.(答
案:agilely)
10.frown/fraon/v.皱眉
词汇变形
名词形式:frown(皱眉,皱眉的表情)
构词解析
3
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
无明显前后缀,动词和名词同形,可通过语境判断词性。
例句:She frowned when she heard the bad news.(外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):His frown showed that he was unhappy with the
decision.(答案:frown)
11.slope/slp/v倾斜,成斜坡:n.斜坡
词汇变形
形容词形式:sloping(倾斜的)
构词解析
动词slope+后缀-ing构成形容词,表“倾斜的”。
例句:The path sloped gently down to the river..(外研版高中选择性必修三阅读材料)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三单元测试):We walked up the sloping hillside to reach the top.
(答案:sloping)
l2.tightly/'tartli/adv.紧紧地
词汇变形
形容词形式:tight(紧的)
动词形式:tighten(使变紧)
构词解析
形容词tight+后缀-y构成副词:动词形式加后缀-en(使…化)。
例句:He held the rope tightly to prevent himself from falling..(外研版高中选择性必修三教材例句)
真题链接(外研版高中选择性必修三同步练习):You need to tighten the screws to make the shelf stable
(答案:tighten)
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The company is trying to meet the increasing
(需求)for new products.
7.The
(机械师)repaired the car in less than an hour
8.Her eyes showed a look of
(绝望)when she heard the news.
9.We need to maintain
,(一致性)in our work to ensure quality.
10.The thief was caught because of a
(故障)in the security system
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.The
(demand)job requires a lot of patience and skill.
7.He speaks English so
(consistent)that everyone admires him.
4
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
8.The child
(imitate)his father's behavior without realizing it.
9.The
(architecture)style of the building is very unique.
10.The cat jumped
(agile)over the fence to catch the mouse.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
5.这位艺术家的作品是对古典绘画风格的
(模仿)
The artist's work is an
of classical painting styles.
6.他
(机械地)回答了问题,没有思考。
He answered the questions
without thinking
7.团队
(极度地)需要一个进球来赢得比赛。
The team
needed a goal to win the game
8.我们沿着
(倾斜的)山坡向上走,到达山顶。
We walked up the
hillside to reach the top.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
The
(architect)designed a house with a
(slope)roof.Workers
(tight)fixed the
(fault)parts to ensure safety.A_
(demand)client checked every detail
(me-
chanic).The house,with its unique
(architectural)style,soon became popular.People
(desperate)wanted to live there,showing high
(consistent)in their interest
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.demand 7.mechanic 8.desperation 9.consistency 10.fault
工.用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.demanding 7.consistently 8.imitated 9.architectural 10.agilely
L.完成句子
5.imitation
6.mechanically
5
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
7.desperately
8.sloping
V.语篇填空
1.architect 2.sloping 3.tightly 4.faulty 5.demanding
6.mechanically 7.architectural 8.desperately 9.consistency
6