Unit 5 What an adventure 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（外研版）

高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! 词汇精讲 【Unit5】What an adventure! 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 nail /nerl/n.指甲 绕 broad/bro:d/adj.宽的，阔的 astonish/a'stwu1v.使吃惊，使 wrinkled/ryld/adj.有皱褶的 in broad daylight在大白天 惊讶 shore:rln.岸，滨 beneath /br7ni:0l prep.在…之 ray Irer/n.光线，光束 carpet/kapt/n.地毯 下，在…正下方 consume/kan'sj:/V.消耗 intensity/m 'tensati/n.(光、声resident/rezrdant/n.居民，住 distinguish/dh'stmgwif1v.看清；等的)强度 认出 vibr ation /var brern/n.震颤，震male/merl/n.雄性动物 gr adually/'gred3 uali/adv.逐渐动 地，逐步地 atom/'cetaml n.原子 surround/sa raund/v.环绕，围depth/depd/n.深度 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.astonish/a'stwu矿1v.使吃惊，使惊讶 词汇变形 形容词形式：astonished(感到吃惊的)、astonishing(令人吃惊的) 名词形式：astonishment 构词解析 后缀-ed:加在动词后，构成形容词，表“感到…的”（主语通常为人）：img表“令人…的”（主 语通常为物)：ment是名词后缀，表“行为或结果”。 同类词：excite-→excited/exciting→excitement 例句：The news astonished everyone in the room. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：We were (astonish)to hear that he had won the first prize.(答案：astonished) 2.consume/an'sj:m/V.消耗 词汇变形 名词形式：consumption 形容词形式：consumable(可消耗的) 构词解析 高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! 前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；后缀-tion是名词后缀，表“动作或过程”：-able是形容词后缀，表 “可…的”。 例句：This air conditioner consumes a lot of electricity. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：The average person consumes50 liters of water per day. 3.distinguish/dh'stgg1V.看清；认出 词汇变形 名词形式：distinction 形容词形式：distinct(清晰的：明显的) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“分开、分离”：后缀-on是名词后缀：-ct是形容词后缀，表“具有…性质的”。 固定搭配：distinguish A from B(区分A和B) 例句：It's hard to distinguish the two twins from each other. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：There is a clear(distinguish)between the two theories.. (答案：distinction) 4.gradually/'grcedsuali/adv.逐渐地，逐步地 词汇变形 形容词形式：gradual 名词形式：gradation(等级：渐变) 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词：-l是形容词后缀，表“…的”。 同类词：quick→quickly、slow→slowly 例句：The sun gradually set behind the mountains. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：The climate gradually changed over thousands of years. 5.surround/sa 'ravnd/v.环绕，围绕 词汇变形 名词形式：surroundings(环境) 形容词形式：surrounding（周围的) 构词解析 前缀sur-:表“超过、在…之上”；后缀-ings是名词后缀，表“场所或环境”；-ing可作形容词后 缀。 例句：The village is surrounded by green hills. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：We should protect the natural (surround).(答案： surroundings) 6.intensity/m'tensatil n.（光、声等的)强度 词汇变形 形容词形式：intense(强烈的：紧张的) 副词形式：intensely 构词解析 2 高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! 前缀in-:表“加强”；后缀-ity是名词后缀，表“性质或状态”：e是形容词后缀。 同类词：dense-→density、possible-possibility 例句：The intensity of the light made her eyes hurt. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：He felt an (intense)pain in his chest.(答案：intense) 7.vibr ation /var 'brerfn//n.震颤，震动 词汇变形 动词形式：vibrate 形容词形式：vibrant(充满活力的：振动的) 构词解析 后缀tion是名词后缀，表“动作或状态”；-te是动词后缀：-ant是形容词后缀，表“处于…状 态的”。 例句：The vibration of the engine could be felt through the floor. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句)：The machine produces a lot of vibration when it's working. 8.depth /depe/n.深度 词汇变形 形容词形式：deep 副词形式：deeply 构词解析 后缀h是名词后缀，表“性质或状态”；-y是副词后缀。 固定搭配：in depth(深入地) 例句：The depth of the lake is about50 meters, 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：We need to study the problem(deep).(答案：deeply) 9.broad/br:d/adj.宽的，阔的 词汇变形 副词形式：broadly 名词形式：breadth(宽度) 构词解析 后缀y是副词后缀：h是名词后缀，表“性质或状态”。 例句：The river is 100 meters broad, 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习）：He has a(broadly)knowledge of history.(答案： broad) l0.resident/ezdant/n.居民，住户 词汇变形 动词形式：reside(居住) 名词形式：residence(住所：住宅) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“重新、再”；后缀-et是名词后缀，表“人”；-ence是名词后缀，表“行为或状态”。 例句：The residents of the building complained about the noise. 3 高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：Many residents have lived in this area for over20 years. 11.male /merl/n.雄性动物 词汇变形 反义词：female(雌性的：女性) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，需直接记忆反义词。 例句：The male bird has brighter feathers than the female.. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三同步练习)：The(male)lions are larger than the females.(答案： male) 12.atom/cetam/n.原子 词汇变形 形容词形式：atomic(原子的：原子能的) 构词解析 后缀ic是形容词后缀，表“与…有关的”。 同类词：history-→historic、biology→biological 例句：An atom is the smallest unit of an element. 真题链接（外研版高中必修三教材例句）：Atomic energy can be used to produce electricity: 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (of the small town are friendly and helpful to visitors. 2.The (of the swimming pool is 2 meters,so it's safe for children. 3.The (from the passing train made the windows rattle. 4.We should try to reduce energy in our daily life 5.There is a clear (between traditional art and modern art. 6.The (原子的)energy is a powerful source of electricity.. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The news that he won the competition was(astonish)to all of us. 2.The company plans to(gradual)expand its business to other cities. 3.She has a_ (broadly)knowledge of world history and culture. 高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! 4.The (intense)of the storm caused many trees to fall down. 5.The (broad)knowledge of world history and culture. 6.The (intense)of the storm caused many trees to fall down. 7.The (surround)area of the park is full of beautiful flowers and trees. 8.He (vibrant)described his traveling experiences to the students. 9.We need to study this problem more. (deep)to find a solution. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这座城市被青山绿水环绕。 The city green mountains and clear waters. 2.他逐渐意识到学习英语的重要性。 He the importance of learning English. 3.我们很难区分这两个相似的单词。 It's difficult for us to the two similar words each other. 4.她听到这个消息时感到非常吃惊。 She felt when she heard the news. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Light is a form of energy that travels in waves.Its(intense)and color can affect our daily life. For example,(bright)light can make us feel awake,while dim light may make us sleepy.The sun (gradual)rises in the morning,bringing light and warmth to the world. Plants need light to grow.They(consume)light energy and turn it into food through pho- tosynthesis.Some animals,like bees,can even (distinguish)different colors of light to find flowers. In cities,the (surround)of buildings often affects the amount of light reaching the ground. People use various lighting tools to adjust light levels,ensuring a comfortable living environment. Understanding the properties of light helps us use it more effectively in our daily lives. 参考答案 J 高中必修第三册外研版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 What an adventure! I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.residents 2.depth 3.vibration 4.consumption 5.distinction 6.atomic Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.astonishing 2.gradually 3.broad 4.intensity 5.surrounding 6.vibrantly 7. deeply II完成句子 1.is surrounded by 2.gradually realized 3.distinguish;from 4.astonished V.语篇填空 1.intensity 2.bright 3.gradually 4.consume 5.distinguish 6.surroundings 6