Unit 4 Body Language三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】Body Language 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 occupy/Dkjupar/vt.占据：占用堪的；尴尬的 vi.&t.询问：打听 stare/stea(r)/vi.盯着看；凝视；ashamed/e'emd/adj.羞愧；惭ultimately'Altmmatli/adv.最终： n.凝视 愧 最后 ceiling/'si:l)/m.天花板；上限nerely/'mali/adv.只是；仅仅；adjust /a'd3Ast/t.调整；调节； distract /dr'straekt/t.分散（注只不过 vi.&t.适应；（使)习惯 意力)：使分心 call on(短暂地)访问：要求intervene/nta'vin/wi.干预；介 perceive /pa'sivt.察觉；看待：（某人讲话等）：正式邀请 入 理解 bother/'bDδa)/vi.&t.费心：麻react/r'ekt/Wi.(对…)起反 distinguish /d'stmgwIf/vi.&t.烦：因…操心；n.麻烦；不便应；回应；（对食物等）有不良 区分：辨别 weep /wi.p/wi.&t.哭泣；流泪反应 anxiety/e'zaiati/n.焦虑；担心：at work有某种影响；在工作component /kam'p3 onant/n. 组 害怕 conflict/konflikt/n.矛盾；冲突；成部分：零件 chest /tfest/n.胸部：胸膛 kn'flikt/vi..冲突：抵触 tone/taun/h.语气；腔调；口吻 embarrassed /I'baerast/adj.inquire /m'kwars(r)/(=enquire) 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.occupy/Dkjupa/t.占据；占用 名词形式：occupation(职业；占有) 形容词形式：occupational(职业的) 构词解析：前缀oc-（此处为ob-的变体，表朝向、加强)+cupy(来自拉丁语capere”拿、抓”)， 字面义”抓住并持有'。后缀-ation构成名词，-al构成形容词。 同类词：occupy→occupation;prepare→preparation 例句：The capital city occupies a central position in the country. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Her main(occupy)is teaching,but she also writes novels in her free time.(答案：occupation) 2.distract/d'straekt/vt.分散（注意力）：使分心 名词形式：distraction（分心：使人分心的事物) 形容词形式：distracting(分心的)；distracted(心烦意乱的) 1 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：前缀dis-(表离开、相反”)+tract（拉，如attract”吸引”)，字面义”把注意力拉开”。 后缀-ion构成名词，ing/-ed构成形容词。 例句：The noise from the street distracted me from my study. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Try to ignore the distractions and focus on your work, 3.perceive /pa'sivt.察觉；看待：理解 名词形式：perception（感知：看法) 形容词形式：perceptive(有洞察力的) 构词解析：前缀per-(表”完全、贯穿)+ceive(拿、抓，如receive”接收”)，字面义”完全抓住” 即”理解、察觉”。后缀-ion构成名词，-ive构成形容词。 例句：She perceived a change in his attitude toward her. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：Our_(perceive)of the world is shapedby our experiences. (答案：perception) 4.distinguish/d'stmgwif/vi..&t.区分；辨别 名词形式：distinction(区别；优秀) 形容词形式：distinct(清晰的；不同的)；distinguished(杰出的) 构词解析：前缀dis（表分开)+stinguish（来自拉丁语stinguere'”刺、标记”)，字面义”做标记 分开”即'区分”。后缀-ion构成名词，-ct-ed构成形容词。 固定搭配：distinguish A from B(区分A和B) 例句：It's important to distinguish between right and wrong. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：He is distinguished for his contributions to science. 5.anxiety/e)'zarati/n.焦虑；担心；害怕 形容词形式：anxious(焦虑的：渴望的) 副词形式：xiously(焦虑地) 构词解析：词根anx(焦虑)+后缀-iety(构成抽象名词，如society'社会”)。形容词加-ous后缀， 副词加-y。 例句：Her anxiety about the exam kept her awake all night. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：She was_(anxiety)to know the result of the interview.. (答案：anxious) 6.adjust /a'd3Astt.调整；调节；i.&vt.适应：（使）习惯 名词形式：adjustment(调整；适应) 形容词形式：adjustable(可调整的) 构词解析：前缀ad-(表朝向、加强)+just(正确、恰当，如just”公正的”)，字面义”使达到正 确状态”。后缀-ment构成名词，-able表”可…的”。 例句：You need to adjust the temperature of the air conditioner, 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：It took her a while to make the adjustment to living alone. 7.react/rI'ekt/vi.(对…)起反应；回应：（对食物等)有不良反应 名词形式：reaction（反应：反抗) 2 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：reactive(反应的：被动的) 构词解析：前缀re（表”回、反”)+act(行动)，字面义”行动回应”。后缀-ion构成名词，-ive构 成形容词。 固定搭配：react to(对…反应)：reaction to(对…的反应) 例句：How did she react to the news of her promotion? 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The public's(react)to the new policy was mixed.(答 案：reaction) 8.component /k3m'paunant/h.组成部分：零件 动词形式：compose(组成：创作) 形容词形式：composite(混合的；合成的) 构词解析：前缀com-(表”共同)+ponent(放置，如opp0se”反对)，字面义”共同放置的部分” 即”组成部分”。compose为其动词形式，字面义”共同放置即”组成”。 例句：The main components of a computer are the CPU and memory. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Each component of the machine has its own specific function. 9.embarrass/m'baeras/t.使尴尬 名词形式：embarrassment(尴尬) 形容词形式：embarrassed(感到尴尬的)：embarrassing(令人尴尬的) 构词解析：前缀em-(表”进入”)+barrass(来自法语barrer'”阻碍”)，字面义”使陷入阻碍即”使 困窘”。后缀-ment构成名词，-ed-ing构成形容词。 例句：He was embarrassed by his mistake in front of the class.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习）：To avoid (embarrass),she decided not to attend the paty.(答案：embarrassment) l0.ashamed/A∫emd/adj.羞愧：惭愧 名词形式：shame(羞耻：羞愧) 动词形式：shame(使羞愧) 构词解析：前缀a-(表”处于…状态”)+shame（羞耻)，构成形容词表感到羞耻的”。shae本 身可作名词和动词。 固定搭配：be ashamed of(为…感到羞愧) 例句：She was ashamed of having lied to her parents. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：He felt deep shame for his rude behavior, ll.intervene/,mte'vin/wi.干预；介入 名词形式：intervention(干预：介入) 形容词形式：interventional(介入的，如interventional medicine'”介入医学') 构词解析：前缀inter-(表”在…之间”)+vene（来，如convene'”召集”)，字面义”来到中间”即 介入”。后缀-tion构成名词。 例句：The government had to intervene to stabilize the economy. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Military (intervene)in the conflict led to further violence.(答案：intervention) 3 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 l2.ultimate/Altimat/adj.最终的；根本的 副词形式：ultimately(最终；最后) 名词形式：ultimatum(最后通牒) 构词解析：前缀ulti-(表”最后、最远”)+mate(如intimate”亲密的”)，字面义”最后的”。后缀-y 构成副词。 The ultimate goal of our project is to improve people's living conditions. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Ultimately,she decided to pursue a career in music. 13.tone/ta5n/m.语气；腔调：口吻 动词形式：tone(使更健壮：使更结实) 形容词形式：tonal(音调的：色调的) 构词解析：来自拉丁语tonus（声音，音调)，后缀-al构成形容词。 固定搭配：tone down(使缓和)；tone up(增强) 例句：His tone of voice suggested he was not happy with the decision. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句)：Try to use a friendly tone when speaking to customers, 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government's (helped solve the environmental problem 7.Her main (is teaching,but she also writes novels in her free time. 8.The noise from the street was a (to my study. 9.The (最终的)goal of our project is to help poor children. 10.Each (组成部分)of the machine has its own specific function. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The public's (react)to the new policy was mixed 7.Our (perceive)of the world is shaped by our experiences. 8.She was (anxiety)to know the result of the interview. 9.Military (intervene)in the conflict led to further violence. 10.To avoid (embarrass),she decided not to attend the party. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.他花了一段时间才适应独自生活。 It took him a while to make the to living alone. 2.区分对错很重要。 It's important to between right and wrong 3.她对升职的消息反应如何？ How did she to the news of her promotion? 4.政府必须干预以稳定经济。 The government had to to stabilize the economy. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Reading can help us better (perceive)the world.However,many students find it hard to focus because of (distract)like social media.To improve this,we needto make (adjust)to our reading habits.For example,we can set a fixed time and create a quiet environment.Some students may feel (anxiety)when they can't finish a book quickly,but (ultimate),patience is key.Remember,every small step is a(n) (achieve)toward better reading skills. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.intervention 7.occupation 8.distraction 9.ultimate 10.component Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.reaction 7.perception 8.anxious 9.intervention 10.embarrassment II.完成句子 1.adjustment 2.distinguish 3.react 4.intervene V.语篇填空 1.perceive 2.distractions 3.adjustments 4.anxious 5.ultimately 6.achievement