内容正文:
高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
词汇精讲
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
substantial/sab'sten/adj.大量thinking/'mk/n.思想;思维:solid/'sDld/adj.可靠的:固体
的:价值巨大的:重大的
见解
的:坚实的n.固体
decrease/'di:kri:s/n.减少;降protein/prauti:n/n.蛋白质
cast /ka:st/Vt.(cast,cast)投射;
低:减少量/dkis/t.&vi.(使cell/se/n.细胞:小房间:单间向…投以(视线、笑容等):投
大小、数量等)减少:减小:降牢房
掷
低
irus/'vaIr3S/n.病毒
shadow/∫eda/n.阴影;影子:
thanks to短语幸亏;由于
finding/fand,/n.发现:调查背光处
statistic/st'tistrk/n.pl.]统计结果;(法律)判决
rainbow/'renb/n.彩虹
数字;统计资料;统计学
initial /'ni/adj.最初的:开始pour /p3:)/t.倒出:倾泻;斟
transform /traens'f6m/t.使改的:第一的
(饮料)
观:使改变形态vi.改变:转变vaccine/'vaeksi:n/n.疫苗
concrete/konkri:t/n.混凝土
epidemiology/,epl,di:mi'Dld3 i/framework/'frermw3k/n.框架;adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体
n.流行病学
结构
的
microscope/'markra3 skaup/n.显theoretical framework短语理plasma/plazm3/n.血浆
微镜
论框架
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.substantial/sab'sten/adj.大量的:价值巨大的:重大的
词汇变形
名词形式:substance(物质;实质)
构词解析
前缀sub-:表“下面:次要”;后缀-il:加在名词后构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”。
同类词:essential(基本的)、official(官方的)
例句:The research received substantial support from the government..
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):The new policy will have a
_(substance)impact on the
local economy.(答案:substantial)
2.decrease/dikri:s/n.减少:降低/dr'kui:sv.减少:降低
词汇变形
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高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
反义词:increase(v./n.增加)
形容词形式:decreasing(减少的)、decreased(已减少的)
构词解析
前缀de-:表“向下;减少”;-crease词根意为“增长”,合为“减少”。
例句:The number of students has decreased by20%this year.
真题链接(人教版高中选修2教材例句):There has been a sharp decrease in air pollution since the new
law was passed.
3.statistic/ste't虹stk/n.统计数字;统计学
词汇变形
形容词形式:statistical(统计的)
副词形式:statistically(统计上)
名词复数:statistics(统计数据;统计学)
构词解析
后缀ic:构成名词或形容词:-ical:构成形容词,表“与…相关的”。
例句:The statistics show that crime rates are falling,
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):We need to do a__(statistic)analysis of the data.(答
案:statistical)
4.transform/rens'fm/v.使改观;转变
词汇变形
名词形式:transformation(转变;改革)
形容词形式:transformative(变革性的)
构词解析
前缀trans-.:表“跨越;改变”;词根form:意为“形状”,合为“改变形状”。
同类词:transport(运输)、translate(翻译)
例句:Technology has transformed the way we communicate.
真题链接(人教版高中选修2教材例句):The industrial revolution transformed society in the 19th
century.
5.initial'nu/adj.最初的:开始的
词汇变形
名词形式:initial(首字母):initiation(开始:启蒙)
副词形式:initially(最初;开始)
构词解析
前缀in-:表“进入;开始”;词根it:意为“走”,-ial后缀表“…的”,合为“开始走的”。
例句:My initial reaction was to say no,but I later changed my mind..
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):_(initial),we planned to go hiking,but it rained,,sowe
stayed home.(答案:Initially)
6.theoretical/,0I3'retk/adj.理论的(出自短语theoretical framework)
词汇变形
高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
名词形式:theory(理论)
副词形式:theoretically(理论上)
构词解析
后缀ical:加在名词后构成形容词,表“与…理论相关的”;词根theor-意为“思考;理论”。
例句:The plan sounds good in theory,but it may not work in practice.
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):We need to build a strong
(theory)framework for the
research.(答案:theoretical)
7.solid/sold/ad.可靠的:固体的n.固体
词汇变形
副词形式:solidly(坚固地:一致地)
动词形式:solidify(使凝固:巩固)
构词解析
后缀id:构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”-fy:构成动词,表“使…化”。
例句:The team has a solid reputation for quality work,
真题链接(人教版高中选修2教材例句):Water becomes solid when the temperature drops below 0C.
8.concrete/kDnkri:t/adj.具体的:确实的n.混凝土
词汇变形
副词形式:concretely(具体地)
动词形式:concretize(使具体化)
构词解析
前缀con-:表“共同;加强”;词根crt:意为“生长:堆积”,合为“堆积成的实体”。
例句:We need concrete examples to support your argument..
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):Can you explain your idea more
(concrete)?(答案:
concretely)
9.plasma/plaezm3/n.血浆
词汇变形
形容词形式:plasmic(血浆的;原生质的)
构词解析
词根plasm:意为“形成物:浆”;后缀-a:构成名词,为科学术语常用后缀(如data,bacteria)。
例句:Plasma is an important component of human blood
真题链接(人教版高中选修2生物教材例句):Plasma carries nutrients and waste products throughout
the body.
10.framework/'freiw3:k/n.框架;结构
词汇变形
动词形式:frame(构建:设计)
构词解析
前缀fame-:意为“框架”;后缀-work:表“结构:作品”,合为“框架结构”。
同类词:network(网络)、workshop(车间)
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高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
例句:The report provides a framework for future research,
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):We need to
(frame)a new policy to solve this problem.
(答案:frame)
11.vaccine/'vaeksi:n/n.疫苗
词汇变形
形容词形式:vaccine(疫苗的);vaccinated(已接种疫苗的)
动词形式:vaccinate(接种疫苗)
构词解析
词根vacc-:源自拉丁语“牛痘”(vacca意为“牛”):后缀-ime:表“物质;药物”。
例句:Children are required to be vaccinated against common diseases.
真题链接(人教版高中选修2教材例句):The development of the vaccine has saved millions of lives,
l2.finding/'fand/n.发现:调查结果
词汇变形
动词形式:find(发现:找到)
名词复数:findings(调查结果)
构词解析
后缀-ing:加在动词后构成名词,表“动作的结果或过程”。
同类词:building(建筑)、teaching(教学)
例句:The findings of the study were published in a scientific journal..
真题链接(人教版高中选修2同步练习):The team's(find)surprised everyone in the field.
(答案:findings)
l3.microscope/naik3sk3Up/n.显微镜
词汇变形
形容词形式:microscopic(微观的;微小的)
构词解析
前缀micro--:表“微小”;词根scope:意为“观察工具”(如telescope望远镜),合为“观察微小物
体的工具”。
例句:We used a microscope to study the cells..
真题链接(人教版高中选修2生物教材例句):Microscopes have revolutionized the field of biology.
14.epidemiology/,epl,di:mi'Dlad3i/n.流行病学
词汇变形
形容词形式:epidemiological(流行病学的)
名词:epidemic(流行病)
构词解析
前缀epi-:表“在…之上:广泛”:词根demo:意为“人群”;-logy:表“学科”,合为“研究人
群中疾病的学科”。
例句:Epidemiology helps track the spread of infectious diseases.
真题链接(人教版高中选修2教材例句):Epidemiological studies have linked smoking to lung cancer..
高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The new policy will have a
(重大的)impact on the local economy.
7.There has been a sharp
(in air pollution since the new law was passed.
8.We need to build a strong
(理论的)framework for the research.
9.The team has a
(可靠的)reputation for quality work.
10.Plasma is an important component of human
(血液).
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We need to do a (statistic)analysis of the data.
2
(initial),we planned to go hiking,but it rained,so we stayed home.
3.The industrial revolution
(transform)society in the 19th century.
4.The team’s
(find)surprised everyone in the field.
5.Epidemiological studies have linked smoking to lung
(cancer).
6.Can you explain your idea more
(concrete)?
三、完成句子(每空一词)
1.技术已经改变了我们交流的方式。
Technology has the way we_
2.水在温度低于0℃时会变成固体。
Water becomes
when the temperature drops below 0C.
3.这项研究得到了政府的大量支持。
The research received
support from the government.
4.统计数据显示犯罪率正在下降。
The
show that crime rates are falling.
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
高中选修2人教
【词汇精讲】
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Reading scientific articles requires understanding both basic terms and complex concepts.For
example,when studying a new vaccine,researchers first build a(theory)framework based
on existing studies.They then collect
(statistic)data and use microscopes to observe
(microscope)changes in cells.
Epidemiology plays a key role in tracking disease spread.Recent
(find)in this field have
helped predict outbreaks.Initially,scientists may face challenges,but with
(solid)evidence,
their work can
(transform)public health policies.
参考答案
I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.substantial 7.decrease 8.theoretical 9.solid 10.blood
L.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.statistical 2.Initially 3.transformed
I4.findings 5.cancer 6.concretely
I.完成句子
1.transformed communicate 2.solid 3.substantial 4.statistics
V.语篇填空
theoretical;statistical;microscopic;findings;solid;transform
6