Unit 5 Working the Land二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Working the Land 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 generate/'d3 enareit/vt.产生；引 grain/gren/n.谷物；谷粒：颗学品 起 粒 wheat/wi.t/n.小麦；小麦籽 strain/stem/n.(动、植物的) vision/v3/n.想象：视力：视flavour/flerva/n.味道；特点； 系：品种：拉伤：压力 野；影像 特色 leisure/'le3a()m.闲暇；休闲；reality /ri'lti/n.现实；实际情fertiliser/f3 :talaiza(r)/n.肥料 空闲 况：事实 nutritional /nju'trnl/adj.营养 deep down在内心深处：本质salty/'s3lti/adj.含盐的：咸的（物）的 上；实际上 urban/'3ban/adj.城市的：都市nutritious /nju'trIfas/ad.有营养 soil/soh.泥土：土壤：国土：的：城镇的 的：营养丰富的 领土 bomb /bpm/m.炸弹；t.轰炸；nutrition /nju'trn/m.营养：滋 celebrity/sa'lebrati/n.名望；名对…投炸弹 养 誉：名人：名流 tunnel./'tlm.地下通道；地道；alleviate/a'li:vieIt/vt.减轻：缓 envision/m'vI3n/vt.展望；想象隧道 解 sorghum/'so:gn/n.高梁；高粱extension /ik'stenfn/h.扩建部poverty/'ppvati/n.贫穷：贫困 米 分；扩大；电话分机 broom /bru:m/m.扫把；扫帚；金chemical/'kemikl/adj.与化学有 雀花 关的：化学的；n.化学制品：化 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.generate/'d3 enareit/t.产生；引起 词汇变形 名词形式：generation(一代人；产生) 构词解析 前缀gener-:表“出生、产生”，后缀-ate:构成动词，表“使…”。 同类词：create（创造)、originate(起源) 例句 This machine can generate electricity from wind. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习) The new policy is expected to(generate)more job opportunities for young people.(generate) 1 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.celebrity/sa'lebrati/h.名望；名誉；名人：名流 词汇变形 形容词形式：celebrated(著名的：闻名的) 动词形式：celebrate(庆祝：颂扬) 构词解析 前缀celebr-:表“荣誉、名声”，后缀-ity:构成名词：-ated:构成形容词。 例句 The celebrity was surrounded by fans when she arrived at the airport. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句) He became a celebrity overnight after winning the competition. 3.envision/n'vI3n/t.展望；想象 词汇变形 名词形式：vision(想象：视力：视野；影像) 构词解析 前缀en-:表“使…进入状态”，词根vis-:表“看”，后缀ion:构成名词。 例句 We envision a future where all children have access to quality education. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习） She (envision)herself as a successful doctor in the future.(envisions) 4.urban/3ban/adj.城市的；都市的：城镇的 词汇变形 名词形式：urbanization(城市化) 反义词：rural(农村的) 构词解析 词根ub-:表“城市”，后缀-n:构成形容词：-ization:构成名词，表“…化”。 例句 The urban population has been growing rapidly in recent years. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句) Urban areas face more challenges in environmental protection than rural areas. 5.chemical/'kemikl/adj.与化学有关的：化学的：n.化学制品：化学品 词汇变形 名词形式：chemistry(化学) 构词解析 词根chen-:表“化学”，后缀-ical:构成形容词（与-ic意义相近，但更强调“.…的性质”）。 例句 The factory produces various chemicals for industrial use. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习) We need to study the (chemistry)properties of this substance.(答案：chemical) 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.fertiliser/'f3:tolarza(r)/m.肥料 词汇变形 动词形式：fertilize(使肥沃：施肥) 构词解析 词根fertil-:表“肥沃的”，后缀-er-izer:构成名词，表“…物：…者”。 例句 Farmers use fertiliser to improve soil quality and increase crop yields. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句) Overuse of chemical fertiliser may cause environmental problems. 7.utritional /nju'trifanl/ad.营养（物）的 词汇变形 名词形式：nutrition(营养；滋养) 形容词形式：nutritious(有营养的：营养丰富的) 构词解析 词根nutri--:表“营养”，后缀-al:构成形容词；tion:构成名词；-ious:构成形容词，表“具有… 性质的”。 例句 A balanced diet provides all the necessary nutritional elements for the body. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习） This book offers valuable information on(nutrition)habits.(nutritional) 8.alleviate/'li:viet/t.减径缓解 词汇变形 名词形式：alleviation(减轻：缓解) 构词解析 前缀al-:表“加强”，词根levi-:表“轻”，后缀-ate:构成动词：-ion:构成名词。 例句 Exercise can help alleviate stress and improve mental health 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习) The new policy is aimed at the (alleviate)of poverty in rural areas.(答案：alleviation) 9.extension/ik'sten [n/n.扩建部分：扩大；电话分机 词汇变形 动词形式：extend(延伸；扩大；延长) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“向外”，词根tens-:表“伸展”，后缀-ion:构成名词。 例句 We need to apply for an extension of the project deadline. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一教材例句) The extension of the subway line will make commuting more convenient. 3 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 l0.reality /ri'elti/n.现实；实际情况：事实 词汇变形 形容词形式：real（真实的：实际的) 副词形式：really(真正地：非常) 构词解析 词根real-:表“真实的”，后缀-ity:构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 例句 The movie reflects the harsh reality of life in the city. 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习) In (real),it's not easy to achieve the goal without hard work.(reality) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government is trying to promote the process of (城市化)to improve people's living standards. 7.Good (is essential for children's healthy growth. 8.The doctor gave her some medicine to (减轻)the pain in her back. 9.We need to apply for an (延期of the project because of the bad weather. 10.In (现实)，it's impossible to finish the task within such a short time. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The new technology can(generate)more energy with less cost. 7.She is a_ (celebrity)singer who has won many international awards. 8.We should (envision)a bright future and work hard to achieve it. 9.The (chemistry)properties of this material make it suitable for medical use. 10.Farmers use (fertilise)to make the soil more productive. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.这家工厂每年生产大量的化学制品。 The factory produces a large amount of every year 高中选修一人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6. 城市地区比农村地区有更多的就业机会。 areas have more job opportunities than areas. 7.我们应该展望一个没有污染的未来。 We should a future without pollution 8.过度使用化肥会对环境造成危害。 Overuse of chemical can cause harm to the environment 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 With the development of (urban),more andmore people move to cities.This (generate) many problems,such as traffic jams and environmental pollution.To solve these problems,scientists (envision)building more (tunnel)to reduce traffic pressure.At the same time,they suggest using organic(fertilise)instead of chemical ones to protect the soil.Moreover,people should pay more attention to (nutrition)food to keep healthy.Only in this way can we create a better (real)for future (generate). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.urbanization 7.nutrition 8.alleviate 9.extension 10.reality Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.generate 7.celebrated 8.envision 9.chemical 10.fertiliser L.完成句子 5.chemicals 6.Urban;rural 7.envision 8.fertiliser V.语篇填空 1.urbanization 2.generates 3.envision 4.tunnels 5.fertiliser 6.nutritional 7. reality 8.generations J