Unit 4 Sharing一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】Sharing- 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 parcel/'pa:sl/n.包裹vt.裹好；vi.除杂草 擦：橡胶 打包 chorus/'ko:ras/n.合唱曲；合唱washroom/'woum/n.洗手间： jam/d3em/n.果酱：堵塞 团t.合唱；齐声说a chorus of厕所 mail /me/n.邮件：信件：邮政齐声；异口同声 igid/'rId3Id/ad.死板的；固执 t.邮寄：发电邮给 cotton/'kDtn/n.棉布；棉花 的 secondary/'sekandri/adj.中学uniform/'ju:nfo:m/n.校服；制bubble/'bAbl/vi.起泡：沸腾 的：次要的 服adj.一致的；统一的 tube /tju:b/n.管子；管状物 clay /kler/n.黏土：陶土 not to mention短语更不用说；circus/'s3ks/n.马戏团 dust/dst/n.沙土；灰尘vi.&且不说 chemist/'kemist/n.化学家；药 t.擦灰 tablet'taeblat/n.平板电脑：便剂师；药房 dusy/'dAsti/adj.布满灰尘的 笺本；药片 weed /wi:d/n.杂草；野草t.&rubber/rAba(T)/n.橡皮：黑板 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.secondary/'sekandri/ad.中学的：次要的 词汇变形 名词形式：second(秒：第二) 构词解析 前缀second-(第二)+后缀-ary(构成形容词，表“与…有关的”)，合意为“第二的：次要的”， 引申为“中学的”(secondary school中学)。 同类词：primary(初级的，primary school小学) 例句：She is studying in a secondary school in Beijing 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：English is a」 language for many students in China. 案：secondary) 2.dusy/dAsti/adj.布满灰尘的 词汇变形 名词形式：dst(沙土：灰尘) 动词形式：dust(擦灰) 1 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 名词d1st+后缀-y（加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满…的”)，意为“布满灰尘的”。 同类词：cloudy（多云的)、sunny(晴朗的) 例句：The old books on the shelf are covered with dusty pages.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：After the storm,the roads were_and difficult to drive on.(答案：dusty) 3.rigid/'rrd3Id/adj.死板的：固执的 词汇变形 副词形式：rigidly 名词形式：rigidity(刚性：僵化) 构词解析 前缀igid.(僵硬的)+后缀id(构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”)，强调“不易弯曲的；固执 的”。 例句：His rigid attitude made it hard to reach an agreement. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The rules of the company are too leaving no room for flexibility.(答案：rigid) 4.chemist/kemist/n.化学家；药剂师；药房 词汇变形 名词形式：chemistry（化学) 形容词形式：chemical(化学的) 构词解析 词根chem-(化学)+后缀-ist(表“从事…职业的人”)，指“研究化学的人”即“化学家”，也 可指“药剂师”或“药房”。 同类词：artist(艺术家)、scientist(科学家) 例句：My aunt works as a chemist in a local pharmacy. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：is the study of matter and its properties..（答案： Chemistry) 5.parcel/pa:sl/n.包裹t.裹好：打包 词汇变形 动词形式：parcel(打包，同package) 固定搭配：parcel up(把…打包) 构词解析 源自中古英语“parcel”,原指“一小部分”，后引申为“包裹”，动词词性为“打包”。 例句：She parcelled up the gifts and sent them to her friends. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：Please_the books carefully before sending them by post.(答案：parcel) 6.jam/d3em/n.果酱：堵塞t.&vi.堵塞；挤满 词汇变形 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：jammed(堵塞的：挤满的) 固定搭配：traffic jam(（交通堵塞) 构词解析 动词/名词同形，作动词时强调“被卡住；堵塞”，如“jam the road”(堵塞道路)。 例句：The street was jammed with people during the festival. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：We were late for the meeting because of a serious traffic .(答案：jam) 7.mail /merl/n.邮件：信件：邮政t.邮寄：发电邮给 词汇变形 名词形式：nailbox（邮箱)、mailman(邮递员，美式) 构词解析 动词/名词同形，作动词时表“通过邮政系统发送”，如“mail a letter”(寄信)。 例句：I need to mail this package to my parents in Shanghai,. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：Don't forget to the invitation letters to all the guests. (答案：mail) 8.chorus/kTsn.合唱曲：合唱团t.合唱：齐声说 词汇变形 动词短语：a chorus of(齐声；异口同声) 构词解析 源自希腊语“khoros'”(合唱队)，动词形式为“齐声说”，如“chorus the answer”(齐声回答)。 例句：The students sang the song in chorus at the school concert.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The crowd slogans to support their team.(答案： chorused 9.tablet/'taeblat/n.平板电脑：便笺本；药片 词汇变形 同义词：pill(药片，口语)、pad(便笺本) 构词解析 源自拉丁语“tabula'”(木板；表格)，指“平板状的物体”，如“tablet computer”(平板电脑)。 例句：She uses a tablet to take notes in class.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：You should take one three times a day after meals (答案：tablet) 10.cottor/'kDtn/n.棉布：棉花 词汇变形 形容词形式：cotton(棉制的，作定语) 构词解析 直接源自英语“cotton”,指“棉花”或“棉制品”，作形容词时表“棉制的”。 She prefers wearing cotton clothes in summer because they are comfortable. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：This T-shirt is made of and is suitable for hot weather. 3 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 (答案：cotton) 11.uniform/'ju:nfo:m/n.校服：制服adj.一致的：统一的 词汇变形 副词形式：uniformly 名词形式：uniformity(一致性) 构词解析 前缀uni(单一)+词根fo(形状)，合意为“形状统一的”，即“一致的”，名词指“制服”。 同类词：universe(宇宙)、unite(联合) 例句：All students must wear school uniform on weekdays 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The company requires its employees to wear clothes to work.(答案：uniform) l2.bubble/'babl/vi.起泡：沸腾n.气泡：泡沫 词汇变形 动词短语：bubble up(冒泡：涌现) 构词解析 拟声词，模拟“气泡破裂的声音”，动词表“起泡”，名词指“气泡”。 例句：The water in the pot began to bubble as it boiled. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：Children love to blow_in the park on sunny days.(答 案：bubbles) 13.tube/tju:b/n.管子；管状物 词汇变形 动词形式：ube(用管道输送，较少用) 合成词：subway(地铁，美式，字面“地下管道”) 构词解析 源自拉丁语“tubus”(管子)，指“中空的管状物体”，如“test tube”(试管)。 例句：He used a glass tube to conduct the experiment. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The carries water from the river to the farm.(答案： tube) 14.weed /wi:d/n.杂草；野草t.&vi.除杂草 词汇变形 动词短语：weed out(清除：淘汰) 构词解析 名词指“无用的植物”，动词为“除去杂草”，引申为“清除无用的事物”。 例句：My grandfather spends every weekend weeding the garden. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：It's necessary to the flower bed regularly to keep it clean.(答案：weed) 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.Students in China usually attend (中学的)school after primary education. 7.The (药剂师)gave me some medicine for my cold. 8.My mother bought a new(平板电脑)to help me study online. 9.The (棉花)fields look white in autumn. 10.We need to wear (制服)when we have PE class, 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The (chemistry)won the Nobel Prize for his research on new materials. 7.After the rain,the road became(dust)and dirty. 8.The company's(rigidly)rules make employees feel stressed. 9.She (parcel)up the books and sent them to her sister. 10.The children were blowing (bubble)in the garden 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.The traffic was (堵塞的because of the accident. 6.My father works as a_ (化学家)in a university lab 7.Please (邮寄)this letter to my pen pal in America, 8.The class sang the song (齐声)at the school party. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 J 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Tom is a student in a (secondary)school.He likes science,especially (chemistry).His dream is to be a (chemist)when he grows up.Every morning,he wears his school (uniform)and rides his bike to school. Yesterday,Tom helped his mother(parcel)up some old clothes and sent them to children in need.On his way to the post office,he saw a(traffic jam)and had to wait for 20 minutes. When he finally arrived,he(mail)the package and bought some(cotton)socks for himself. In the afternoon,Tom did an experiment in science class.He used a glass (tube)to mix two liquids,and they began to (bubble)quickly.His teacher praised him for being careful. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.secondary 7.chemist 8.tablet 9.cotton 10.uniform Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.chemist 7.dusty 8.rigid 9.parcelled 10.bubbles I.完成句子 5.jammed 6.chemist 7.mail 8.in chorus V.语篇填空 1.secondary 2.chemistry 3.chemist 4.uniform 5.parcel 6.traffic jam 7.mailed 8.cotton 9.tube 10.bubble 6