Unit 5 Launching Your Career 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 【Unit5】Launching Your Career 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 bounce /bauns/vi.&vt.(使)弹drawer/dro:r)/n.抽屉 …分类（加以归类） 起；上下晃动n.弹性；弹跳；活a chest of drawers抽屉柜 profile/praufal/n.简介；概述： 力 breast /brest/n.乳房；胸部 侧面轮廓t.扼要介绍：概述： bounce around短语蹦来蹦去：hydrogen/'haidradsan/n.氢；氢写简介 弹来弹去 气 participant /pa:'tisp3nt/n.参与 aptitude./'eptrtju:d/n.天资：天radium/reidiam/n.镭 者：参加者 赋 wrist/rIst/n.手腕；腕关节 code/kaud/n.代码：密码t.编 head start短语起步前的优势 bridegroom/'braidgru:m/n.新码：把…译成密码 scenario/sa'na:ie/n.设想；方郎 orient/'rient/t.使适应：使面 案；预测 geometry/d3i'Dmstri/n.几何学；对；确定方向 lawyer/lbj(r)/n.律师 儿何图形 detective/d'tektrv/.n.侦探：警探 assemble'sembl/t.组装；装debt/det/n.债务；欠款 配vi.&t.收集；聚集；集合categorise/'kaetagoraiz/v.把 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.assemble/A'sembl/t.组装；装配vi.&t.收集；聚集；集合 名词形式：assembly(集会：组装) 构词解析：前缀as-(=ad,表“朝向、加强”)+词根sebl(=like,表“相似、聚集”)，字面义 “使聚集到一起”。 同类词：resemble(像；类似)←-re-(再)+sembl(相似) 例句：Workers assemble cars on the production line. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The students were asked to_(assembly)in the hall for the speech.(答案：assemble) 2.categorise/'kaetagaraIz/t.把…分类（加以归类） 名词形式：category(类别；种类) 构词解析：前缀categor--(=category,类别)+后缀-ise(=ize,使…化，构成动词)，表“使归入 类别”。 同类词：organise(组织)←-organ(器官；机构)、realise(意识到)←-real(真实的) 1 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：We can categorise books by subject or author. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4单元测试）：The data needs to be(categorise)before analysis.(答 案：categorised) 3.participant /pa:'tisp3nt/n.参与者；参加者 动词形式：par'ticipate(参加；参与) 构词解析：前缀pati-(=prt,部分)+词根cip(=take,拿取)+后缀-ant(表“人”)，字面义“拿 取一部分的人”，即“参与者”。 固定搭配：participate in（参加) 例句：All participants must sign the agreement before the activity. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4阅读填空)：Those who(participant)in the project will receive a certificate.（答案：participated) 4.orient./'o:rient/t.使适应；使面对；确定方向 名词形式：orientation(方向；适应)；orient(东方) 形容词形式：oriental(东方的：东方人的) 构词解析：词根oi(=se,升起)，原指“太阳升起的方向（东方）”，后引申为“确定方向：使适 应”。 同类词：origin(起源)←-ori(升起)+gin(开始) 例句：It took her a week to orient herself to the new job. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4语法填空)：The company offers a two-day（(orient)course for new employees..(答案：orientation) 5.detective/d'tektrv/n.侦探；警探 动词形式：detect(发现；查明) 构词解析：前缀de-(=dowm,向下)+词根tect(=cover,覆盖)，字面义“揭下覆盖物”，即“发 现：察觉”，后衍生出“侦探”含义。 同类词：protect(保护)←一pro-(向前)+tect(覆盖)、detector(探测器)←detect(发现)+-or (表“物”) 例句：The detective solved the case within three days. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4阅读理解)：The police used a sniffer dog to (detective)the hidden dugs.(答案：detect) 6.debt/det/n.债务；欠款 形容词形式：debtor(债务人)：creditor(债权人，反义) 构词解析：词根db(=owe,欠)+后缀t(名词后缀)，表“所欠之物”。 固定搭配：in debt(欠债)：out of debt(还清债务) 例句：He worked hard to pay off his debt. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4完形填空)：Being(debt)can cause great stress.(答案：in debt) 7.geometry/di'omatri/n.几何学；几何图形 形容词形式：geometric（几何的：几何学的) 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：前缀geo-(=erth,地球；土地)+词根mety(measure,测量)，字面义“测量土地的 学问”，即“几何学”（源于古代丈量土地的需求）。 同类词：geography(地理)-geo(地球)+graphy(书写)、geometry(几何) 例句：We learned about triangles and circles in geometry class. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4词汇运用)：The building has a unique_ (geometry)design.(答 案：geometric) 8.lawyer/'1bja(r)/n.律师 动词形式：law(法律)：legal(法律的：合法的) 构词解析：词根lw(法律)+后缀-yer(表“人”，尤指从事某职业者)，即“从事法律工作的人”。 同类词：worker(工人)←-work(工作)、player(运动员)←play(玩；比赛) 例句：Her father is a lawyer who specializes in civil cases. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4书面表达）：If you have legal problems,you should consult a_(Iaw). (答案：lawyer) 9.scenario/sa'na.ria/n.设想；方案；预测 无直接变形，但可搭配动词：create a scenario(创设情景)；discuss scenarios(讨论方案) 构词解析：源自意大利语“scna”(场景)，后通过后缀-rio构成名词，表“一系列场景”，引申为 “设想的情况”。 例句：The report describes three possible scenarios for the economy. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4阅读理解）：In the worst-case_(scenario),the project will be delayed by six months.(答案：scenario) 10.code /ka5d/n.代码；密码t.编码：把…译成密码 形容词形式：coded(编码的；加密的) 构词解析：词根code(源自拉丁语“codx”,原指“树皮”，后指“法典；密码本”)，动词义为“将 信息转化为代码”。 固定搭配：code for(编码表示) 例句：The computer program uses a special code to protect data, 真题链接（人教版高中选修4科技文阅读)：Genes(code)he information needed for life.(答 案：code) ll.aptitude/'aeptrtju:d/n.天资；天赋 形容词形式：apt（有…倾向的：聪明的) 构词解析：词根apt(-fit,适当的：有能力的)+后缀-itude(表“性质；状态”)，表“天生的适应 能力”，即“天资”。 同类词：attitude(态度)←-apt(适应)+itude、latitude(纬度)←-lat(宽)+itude 例句：She has an aptitude for music and plays the piano well.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4词汇辨析)：His(apt)for languages made him a good translator. (答案：aptitude) 12.bounce /bauns/vi..&t.(使)弹起：上下晃动n.弹性：弹跳：活力 3 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：bouncy(有弹性的：活泼的) 构词解析：拟声词，模仿“弹跳”的声音，后缀-y构成形容词，表“有…特性的”。 同类词：noisy(吵闹的)←-noise(噪音)、sunny(晴朗的)←-sun（太阳) 例句：The ball bounced off the wall and hit the floor. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4完形填空)：Children love_ (bounce)balls in the playground. 案：bouncing) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The students were asked to gather in the hall for the morning ) 2.The new employees need to attend a two-day()course next week. 3.She has a natural for music and plays the piano beautifully. 4.In the worst-case(),the project will be delayed by three months. 5.The police used a special device to()the hidden bombs. 6.He spent five years paying off his(after the business failed. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.All(participant)must sign the safety agreement before entering the lab. 2.The data should be(categorise)by region before the final analysis. 3.Genes(code)the information necessary for the development of living things. 4.The company offers training to_(orient)new staff to the workflow. 5.The detective's careful observation helped(detect)the hidden clue. 6.Children love_(bounce)balls in the playground during break time. 7.Her(geometry)design won the first prize in the architecture competition. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.我们可以按主题或作者将这些书籍分类。 We can_these books_subject or author. 4 高中选修4人教 【词汇精讲】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.所有参与者都必须参加明天的会议。 All must the meeting tomorrow. 3.他花了很长时间才适应新学校的生活。 It took him a long time tothe life in the new school. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A group of(participant)joined a science project to study environmental changes.First,they needed to(assembly)equipment and(categorise)data into different groups.The project required them to (orient)themselves to fieldwork skills,including using tools to(detect) pollution levels. One (scenario)they discussed was extreme weather,which might affect their research.A (detective)from the local police even visited to teach them how to identify potential risks.By the end,their hard work paid offthey successfully completed the project without falling into(debt). 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.assembly 2.orientation 3.aptitude 4.scenario 5.detect 6.debt Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.participants 2.categorised 3.code 4.orient 5.detect 6.bouncing 7.geometric I.完成句子 1.categorise;by 2.participants;participate in 3.orient himself to V.语篇填空 1.participants 2.assemble 3.categorise 4.orient 5.detect 6.scenario 7.detective 8.debt