Unit 3 Food and Culture二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Food and Culture 词汇精讲 【Unit3】Food and Culture 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 vegetarian/,ved33'tearian/n.素/'taf:)豆 碎肚 食者 brand/br aend/n.品牌 canteen/ken'tin/n.食堂；餐厅 junk/dk/n.无用的东西 olive/olv/n.油橄榄：橄榄树 cafeteria/kefa'taria/n.自助餐 junk food(=junk)短语垃圾食品fig /fig/n.无花果 厅：自助食堂 garlic/'ga:lk/n.蒜 ingredient/m'gri:diant/n.(尤指bun /ban/n.圆面包：小圆甜饼 bacon/bekn/n.熏猪肉：咸肉烹任材料：成分 chilli /'tfili/n.(NAmE=chili)(pl ham /haem/n.火腿 dessert/dr'z3t/n.(饭后)甜点 -es)辣椒 sausage/'sDsd3n.香肠：腊肠dough/d/n.生面团 pork /po:k/n.猪肉 cabbage./'kaebid/n.甘蓝；卷心stable/sterbl/adj.稳定的：稳重red braised pork短语红烧肉 菜；洋白菜 的 bean curd/bink3:dn.(∈tofu haggis/'haegis/n.(苏格兰)羊杂 词汇变形及词缀精讲 l.vegetarian/,ved3 e'tearian/n.素食者 词汇变形 形容词形式：vegetarian(素食的) 构词解析 前缀veget-.:表示“植物”（源自拉丁语vegetus“有生命的，生长的”）；后缀-arian加在名词后， 表示“…主义者；…的人”。 同类词：humanitarian(人道主义者)、agrarian（农业的；农民) My sister has been a vegetarian for three years and she only eats plant-based food. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：A diet usually includes lots of fruits,vegetables and grains.(答案：vegetarian) 2.stable/'sterbl/adj.稳定的：稳重的 词汇变形 名词形式：stability(稳定性) 动词形式：stabilize(使稳定) 构词解析 高中选修2人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Food and Culture 后缀-able:加在动词后，构成形容词，表示“能…的：可…的”。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)、reliable(可靠的) 例句：After the storm,the situation finally became stable. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2单元测试)：The government is taking measures to ensure the(stable) of prices.(答案：stability) 3.ingredient/m'gri:dint/n.(尤指烹饪)材料；成分 词汇变形 动词形式：integrate(整合，使成为一体；与ingredient同根，源自拉丁语ingredi“进入”) 构词解析 前缀in-:表示“进入”；词根gred/gress:表示“行走”；后缀-ient:构成名词，表示“物”。 同类词：progress(进步，pro-“向前”+gress“行走”)、congress（国会，con-“共同”+gress“行 走”) 例句：Flour and sugar are basic ingredients for making cakes. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2阅读填空）：The recipe says the main (ingredient)are tomatoes, onions and garlic.(答案：ingredients) 4.dessert/d'z3t/n.(饭后)甜点 构词解析 前缀de-:表示“向下；完全”；词根srV:表示“服务：保存”（甜点是正餐“之后”的食物，原指 “清除餐桌后上的食物”)。 同类词：deserve(应得，de-“完全”+sev“服务”→“完全值得服务”)、preserve(保存，pre-“预 先”+sV“保存”) 例句：We ordered ice cream and cake for dessert.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2听力材料)：What would you like for(dessert)?We have chocolate pudding and fruit salad.(答案：dessert) 5.sausage/'sDsd3n.香肠；腊肠 构词解析 词根sauc:表示“盐”（香肠因用盐腌制而得名）：后缀-age:构成名词，表示“总称：行为的结果”。 同类词：cottage(小屋，cot“棚屋”+age)、village(村庄，vill“庄园”+age) 例句：My father likes to eat sausage for breakfast with bread. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2词汇匹配)：Match the food with its type:sausage一（答案： processed meat) 6.canteen /kan'tin/n.食堂；餐厅 构词解析 词根cant:表示“角落：凹陷处”（食堂最初指“角落的小房间”）：后缀-een:构成名词，表示“场 所”（多见于法语借词）。 同类词：cabin(小屋，cab“小室”+in)、canteen与“cabin”都含“小空间”义 例句：Students usually have lunch in the school canteen 真题链接（人教版高中选修2情景对话）：-Where can I get something to eat?一There'sa (canteen) 高中选修2人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Food and Culture on the first floor.(答案：canteen) 7.cafeteria/kefa'taria/n.自助餐厅；自助食堂 构词解析 前缀caf(e)-:源自法语caf“咖啡”；词根teria:表示“场所”(cafeteria原指“卖咖啡的地方”，后 泛指自助餐厅)。 同类词：cafe（咖啡馆)、bistrot（小酒馆，法语借词) The cafeteria offers a variety of dishes for students to choose from. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2阅读理解)：The new_(cafeteria)in our school is larger and cleaner than the old one..(答案：cafeteria) 8.bun /bAn/n.圆面包；小圆甜饼 构词解析 词根bun:可能源自古英语bannan“召唤”（原指“召唤人们来吃的小面包”），无明显前后缀，但 可联系同形词辨析： 同类词：bunch(束，串，如a bunch of grapes一串葡萄) 例句：She bought a few buns from the bakery this morning. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2完形填空)：He ate two__(bun)and a glass of milk for breakfast..(答 案：buns) 9.garlic/'ga:lk/n.蒜 构词解析 词根gar:表示“矛”（蒜的形状像矛）；词根1ic:表示“植物”（源自拉丁语lasanum“大蒜”）。 同类词：chive(细香葱，与garlic同属葱属植物) 例句：Adding garlic to the dish can improve its flavor. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2词汇运用)：The recipe requires two cloves of_(garlic).(答案： garlic) 10.pork个3k/n.猪肉 构词解析 词根porc:表示“猪”（源自拉丁语porcus):无明显后缀，属于简单名词。 同类词：porcupine(豪猪，porc“猪”+spine“刺”) 例句：Red braised pork is a popular Chinese dish. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2文化拓展)：In some cultures,.people don'teat (pork)for religious reasons.(答案：pork) 11.brand /braend/n.品牌 词汇变形 动词形式：brand（打烙印；宣传，把…打造成品牌) 构词解析 无典型前后缀，源自古英语brnd“火焰；烙印”，动词义由“用火烧烙印”引申而来。 例句：This brand of mobile phone is very popular among young people. 3 高中选修2人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Food and Culture 真题链接（人教版高中选修2写作任务)：We need to _(brand)our new product to attract more customers.（答案：brand) 12.dough/da/n.生面团 构词解析 无典型前后缀，源自古英语dag“揉捏的面团”，与“dag(拖，拉)”可能同源（面团需揉捏拉扯）。 例句：She is kneading the dough to make bread. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2实践活动)：The first step in making pizza is to prepare the (dough) (答案：dough) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.Many students have lunch in the school (食堂)every day. 7.The chef added two cloves of (to the soup to enhance the flavor. 8.After dinner,we usually have (甜点)like ice cream or fruit salad. 9.My father bought some (香肠)from the supermarket for breakfast. 10.In some cultures,people avoid eating (猪肉)for religious reasons. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.A (vegetarian)diet focuses on plant-based foods like vegetables and grains. 2.The government is working to ensure the(stable)of prices in the market. 3.The recipe lists the main (ingredient)as flour,sugar,and eggs. 4.We need to (brand)our new product to make it more popular among consumers. 5.The first step in making bread is to knead the(dough)carefully 6.The cafeteria offers a variety of (dessert),including cakes and puddings 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.她已经吃素三年了，只吃植物性食物。 She has been a for three years and only eats plant-based food. 2.面粉和糖是做蛋糕的基本原料。 Flour and sugar are basic for making cakes. 4 高中选修2人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Food and Culture 3.政府正在采取措施稳定物价。 The government is taking measures to prices. 4.这道食谱需要两瓣大蒜。 The recipe requires two cloves of 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In our school (canteen),students can choose different foods.For_ _(vegetarian),there are many plant-based dishes.The chef often uses fresh (ingredient)like tomatoes and onions.After lunch,some students have(dessert),such as apple pie.My friend Tom likes to eat (sausage)with bread,but I prefer (pork)dumplings.The school is trying to (stable)the quality of food to keep students healthy. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.canteen 7.garlic 8.dessert 9.sausage 10.pork Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.vegetarian 2.stability 3.ingredients 4.brand 5.dough 6.desserts ⅡL.完成句子 1.vegetarian 2.ingredients 3.stabilize 4.garlic V,语篇填空 1.canteen 2.vegetarians 3.ingredients 4.dessert 5.sausage 6.pork 7.stabilize 5