Unit 3 Environmental Protection一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 【选修3专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 选修3专版 【Unit3】Environmental Protection 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 graph/gra:f/n.图；图表；曲线放；发布 fossil/fDsn.化石 图 methane/mi:0em/n.甲烷；沼fuel/fju:a/n.燃料；刺激性言 emission/i'mln/n.排放物：散气 行 发物：排放 carbon/'kabn/n.碳 fossil fuel短语化石燃料（如煤 melt/melt/vi.&t.(使)融化；dioxide/dar'DksaId/n.二氧化物或石油) 熔化：软化 carbon dioxide短语二氧化碳comprehensive/,kpmprI'hensiv/ starve/sta:vlvi.&t.(使)挨饿： habitable/habtabl/adj.适合居adj.全部的：所有的：详尽的 饿死 住的 worldwide /'w3:ldwaid/adv. seal/si:l/n.海豹 sustain/sa'sten/t.维持：遭受；及全球地adj.世界各地的：影 ecology /i'kplad3i/n.生态：生态承受住 响全世界的 学 sustainable/sa'stemnabl/adj.可trend/trend/n.趋势；趋向；动向 release /ri'li:s/t.&n.排放：释持续的：合理利用的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.emission /i'mIfn/n.排放物：散发物；排放 动词形式：enit 构词解析：后缀-01：加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或过程的结果”。 同类词：action(行动)、collection(收集) 例句：The factory was fined for its harmful emissions into the river. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：The government is trying to reduce carbon (emit)to protect the environment..(答案：emissions) 2.release /r'lis/t.&n.排放；释放；发布 名词形式：release(与动词同形) 形容词形式：released(已释放的) 构词解析：前缀re-:表”再次、向后'；词根lease:意为”释放、松开”。 例句：The chemical plant released toxic gas into the air last night. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句)：Forests help to absorb CO2 and release oxygen into the atmosphere. 1 高中选修3人教 【选修3专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.sustainable/sa'stemabl/adj.可持续的：合理利用的 动词形式：sustain 名词形式：sustainability 构词解析：前缀sus-(=sub-):表”在下方、支持”；词根tain:意为”保持、持有”：后缀-able:构 成形容词，表”可…的”。 同类词：maintain(维持)、contain(包含) We should develop sustainable energy sources like solar and wind power. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：It is important to find a(sustain)way to use natural resources.(答案：sustainable) 4.habitable/haebitabl/ad.适合居往的 动词形式：habit（居住，较少用：常用义”习惯”) 名词形式：habitat(栖息地) 构词解析：词根habit:意为”居住”；后缀-able:表”可…的。 同类词：suitable(合适的)、comfortable(舒适的) Scientists are looking for habitable planets outside the solar system. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元检测)：The temperature on Mars is too low to make it (habit) for humans.(答案：habitable) 5.comprehensive/,kpmpri'hensIv/adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的 动词形式：comprehend(理解) 名词形式：comprehension(理解：理解力) 构词解析：前缀com-:表”共同、一起”；词根prehend:意为”抓住、掌握'；后缀-ive:构成形容 词，表”有…性质的”。 同类词：apprehend(逮捕：理解)、represent(代表) The report gives a comprehensive analysis of global climate change. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：We need a(comprehend)study of the problem before making a decision.(答案：comprehensive) 6.worldwide'w3 ldward/adv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的：影响全世界的 拆分构词：world(世界)+wide(宽广的) 副词用法：可置于句首、句中或句末，修饰动词或整个句子。 例句：The new technology has been applied worldwide. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句）：Air pollution is a worldwide problem that needs international cooperation 7.dioxide/dar'DksaId/n.二氧化物 组合构词：di-（二)+oxide(氧化物) 同类词：carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)、sulfur dioxide(二氧化硫) 构词解析：前缀di-:表”二”；词根oxide:指”氧化物’(oxygen+-ide)。 Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide,which contributes to global warming 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习）： (dioxide)is a gas produced by burning coal and oil. 2 高中选修3人教 【选修3专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 (答案：Carbon dioxide) 8.fossil/'fDs/n.化石 短语搭配：fossil fuel（化石燃料) 构词解析：词根foss:意为”挖掘”，指”从地下挖掘出的东西”。 例句：Fossils of dinosaurs have been found in many parts of the world. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元检测)：Coal,oil,and natural gas are called (fossi)fuels..(答 案：fossil) 9.melt/melt/vi.&vt.(使)融化：熔化；软化 形容词形式：molten(熔化的，指金属等高温熔化状态) 过去式/过去分词：melted 构词解析：词根melt:意为”融化”，无明显前后缀，属于基础动词。 The ice in the Arctic is melting faster than before due to global warming. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句）：If the polar ice caps melt completely,sea levels will rise dramatically. 10.starve/stav/vi.&vt.(使)挨饿：饿死 名词形式：starvation 形容词形式：starving(饥饿的) 构词解析：后缀-aton:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或状态”。 同类词：invitation(邀请)、education(教育) 例句：Many animals starve to death in winter when food is scarce. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：The drought led to widespread」 (starve)in the region (答案：starvation) 11.trend/rend/n.趋势：趋向：动向 动词形式：trend(vi.趋向，倾向于) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，属于基础词汇，可通过搭配拓展用法。 固定搭配：follow the trend(跟随趋势)、upward trend(上升趋势) There is a growing trend towards eco-friendly lifestyles among young people. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元检测)：The graph shows a_(rend)of increasing temperatures over the past century..(答案：trend) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The factory was fined for its harmful (排放物)into the river. 2.We should develop (可持续的)energy sources like solar and wind power. 3 高中选修3人教 【选修3专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.Scientists are looking for (适合居住的)planets outside the solar system 4.Burning fossil fuels releases carbon (二氧化物)，which contributes to global warming. 5.There is a growing (towards eco-friendly lifestyles among young people. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The government is trying to reduce carbon (emit)to protect the environment. 2.It is important to find a (sustain)way to use natural resources. 3.The temperature on Mars is too low to make it (habit)for humans. 4.We need a (comprehend)study of the problem before making a decision. 5.The drought led to widespread(starve)in the region. 6.The graph shows a (trend)of increasing temperatures over the past century. 7.Coal,oil,and natural gas are called (fossil)fuels. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.森林有助于吸收二氧化碳并向大气中释放氧气。 Forests help to absorb COz and into the atmosphere 2.如果极地冰盖完全融化，海平面将会急剧上升。 If the polar ice caps ,sea levels will rise dramatically. 3.空气污染是一个需要国际合作的全球性问题。 Air pollution is a problem that needs international cooperation. 4.这份报告对全球气候变化进行了全面分析。 The report gives a analysis of global climate change. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中选修3人教 【选修3专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Global warming is a serious issue affecting our planet.One of the main causes is the increase in carbon .(emit)from burning(fossil)fuels.These fuels release large amounts of carbon (dioxide)into the air,trapping heat and causing temperatures to rise. As a result,polar ice is(melt)at an alarming rate,leading to rising sea levels.This threatens (habit)areas for many species.To address this,we need to develop (sustain)energy solutions.Governmentsworldwide are working on(comprehensive)plans to reduce emissions and promote green technologies. The (trend)towards eco-friendly living is growing,with more people choosing renewable energy.It is our responsibility to protect the planet for future generations by taking action today. 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.emissions 2.sustainable 3.habitable 4.dioxide 5.trend Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.emissions 2.sustainable 3.habitable 4.comprehensive 5.starvation 6.trend 7. fossil L完成句子 1.release oxygen 2.melt completely 3.worldwide 4.comprehensive V.语篇填空 1.emissions 2.fossil 3.dioxide 4.melting 5.habitable 6.sustainable 7.compre- hensive 8.trend 5