Unit 5 Working the Land一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（人教版）

高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 词汇精讲 【Unit5】Working the Land 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 hybrid/'harbrid/n.杂交植（动）convince /kan'vms/t.使相信：came,overcome)克服：解决；战 物：合成物：混合动力车 使确信：说服 胜 devote/d'vaot/t.把…献characteristic/,kaerokta'ristrk/n.expand/ik'spaend/t.&vi.扩大； (给)：把…专用于：专心于 特征：特点：品质：adj.典型的：增加：t.扩展；发展（业务） devote.to把…用于；献身：独特的 output/'aotpot/.n.产量；输出； 致力：专心 attain'tenm/t.(通常经过努输出量；t.(output,.output)输出 shortage /':tId3/n.不足；缺少；力)获得：得到 estimate/'estimat/t.估计；估 短缺 conventional /ken'ven fanl//adj.价：估算；n.估计：估算 tackle/'tek/t.解决（难题）；传统的；习惯的 domestic/ds'nestik/adj.本国 应付（局面）：处理 pollinate'pplineit/vt.授粉：传的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 crisis /'kraIsIs/n.(pl.crises/ consumption /kan'sAmpfn/n. si:z0危机：危急关头 assumption /3'smpn/n.假定；耗：消耗量；消费 boost/bu:st/t.使增长：使兴旺；设定：（责任的）承担；（权力comprise /kam'praiz/vt.包括： n.增长；提高：激励 的)获得 包含：由…组成 yield /ji:ld/n.产量：产出；t.出intense/m'tens/adj.热切的：十be comprised of包括；包含：由 产（作物）；产生（收益、效益分强烈的：激烈的 …组成（或构成) 等)：ⅵ.屈服；让步 overcome auva'kAm/vt.(over- 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.devote/d'vat/t.把…献（给）：把…专用于；专心于 形容词形式：devoted(忠诚的：献身的) 名词形式：devotion(奉献；忠诚) 构词解析：前缀de-:表“完全、加强”；词根vot意为“发誓”，合起来表示“全身心投入”。 固定搭配：devote..to(doing)sth.（致力于…；献身于…) 例句：Dr.uan Longping devoted his life to researching hybrid rice..(人教版高中选修一教材例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：She has devoted herself to__(help)the poor for over twenty years.(答案：helping) 2.shortage /'f:tid3/n.不足；缺少；短缺 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 形容词形式：shot(短的：短缺的) 动词形式：shorten(缩短：减少) 构词解析：后缀-ge:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表“状态、数量”。 同类词：shot→shortage(短缺)：safe→safety(安全) 例句：The drought led to a severe shortage of drinking water in the area.(人教版高中选修一阅读材料 例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一单元测试)：There is a__(short)of skilled workers in the factory,so they need to train new employees.(答案：shortage) 3.conventional /kan'venfanl/adj.传统的：习惯的 名词形式：convention(习俗：惯例) 副词形式：conventionally(传统地；按惯例) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同”；词根vent-意为“来”，合起来表示“大家共同来做的事”即“习 俗”；后缀-l构成形容词。 例句：Conventional farming methods may not be suitable for the poor soil in this region.（人教版高中选 修一课文例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)： (Convention)wisdom says that early morning exercise is good for health.(答案：Conventional) 4.consumption /kan'smpn/n.消耗；消耗量；消费 动词形式：consume(消耗：消费) 形容词形式：consumptive(消耗性的：消费的) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“完全”；词根sumpt--意为“拿取”，合起来表示“完全拿走”即“消耗”； 后缀tion构成名词。 固定搭配：energy consumption(能源消耗)；domestic consumption(国内消费) 例句：The rapid growth of population has increased the consumption of natural resources.（人教版高中 选修一单元话题作文例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一单元测试)：The report shows that the average (consume)of elec- tricity per household has risen by 109%this year.(答案：consumption) 5.expand/k'spaend/vt.&vi.扩大；增加：扩展 名词形式：expansion(扩张；膨胀) 形容词形式：expansive(广阔的：扩张的) 构词解析：前缀x-:表“向外”；词根pand意为“伸展”，合起来表示“向外伸展”即“扩大”。 例句：The company plans to expand its business into overseas markets next year..（人教版高中选修一听 力材料例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The_(expand)of the city has led to the destruction of some farmland.(答案：expansion) 6.domestic/da'mestik/adj.本国的；国内的；家用的 名词形式：domesticity(家庭生活：专心家务) 构词解析：前缀dom-:意为“家、住所”；后缀-tic构成形容词，表“与…相关的”。 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 同类词：domicile（住所)→domestic(家庭的：国内的) 例句：The government has taken measures to promote domestic production and reduce imports.（人教版 高中选修一新闻阅读例句) 真题链接(（人教版高中选修一单元测试)：This product is mainly for(domestic)use,but it can also be exported.(答案：domestic) 7.convince/kan'ns/t.使相信：使确信：说服 形容词形式：convincing(有说服力的：令人信服的) 名词形式：conviction(确信；定罪) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“加强”；词根vic-意为“征服”，合起来表示“彻底征服（他人的想法）” 即“说服”。 固定搭配：convince sb.of sth.(使某人相信某事)：be convinced that..(确信…) 例句：He tried to convince his parents to let him study abroad.(人教版高中选修一对话练习例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The__(convince)evidence proved that he was innocent. (答案：convincing) 8.estimate/'estimat/t.估计；估价；估算；n.估计；估算 形容词形式：estimable(可估计的：值得尊敬的) 名词形式：estimation(判断；估计) 构词解析：前缀e-:表“出”；词根stim-意为“价值”，合起来表示“算出价值”即“估价”。 固定搭配：estimate sth.at.（估计某物为…)；in estimation（在估计中) 例句：Scientists estimate that the output of hybrid rice will increase by20%next year..(人教版高中选修 一科学报道例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一单元测试）：According to the latest(estimate),the project will cost about 100 million yuan.(答案：estimation) 9.intense/m'tens/adj..热切的；十分强烈的：激烈的 名词形式：intensity(强度；强烈) 副词形式：intensely(强烈地：极度地) 动词形式：intensify(加强：加剧) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“进入、使…”；词根tens-意为“伸展”，合起来表示“拉到极限”即“强 烈的”。 例句：The intense competition for college entrance exams puts great pressure on students.（人教版高中 选修一讨论话题例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：The_(intense)of the sunlight makes it necessary to wear sunglasses..(答案：intensity) 10.overcome/,aUva'km/t.克服；解决：战胜 名词形式：overcomer(征服者；战胜者) 构词解析：前缀over-:表“越过、战胜”；词根come意为“来”，合起来表示“战胜困难而来”即 “克服”。 例句：With his perseverance,.he overcame all the difficulties and succeeded in the end.(人教版高中选 3 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 修一励志故事例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一单元测试)：We need to find ways to__(overcome)the challenges of climate change.（答案：overcome) 11.comprise/kam'praiz/t.包括；包含；由…组成 同义词组：be composed of;consist of 构词解析：前缀co-:表“共同”：词根pis-意为“抓住”，合起来表示“将所有部分抓住一起”即 “包括”。 注意：无被动语态，主动表被动，如“The team comprises five members.”(=The team is composed of five members. 例句：The United Kingdom comprises England,.Scotland,.Wales and Northern Ireland.(人教版高中选 修一地理知识拓展例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一同步练习)：Our class_(comprise)45 students,.most of whom are from the city.(答案：comprises) l2.pollinate/'pDlineit//vt.授粉；传粉 名词形式：pollination(授粉：传粉) 名词形式（授粉者）：pollinator(传粉者；花粉媒介) 构词解析：词根pollin-意为“花粉”：后缀-ate构成动词，表“使…”。 例句：Bees play an important role in pollinating flowers and crops.（人教版高中选修一生物知识链接 例句) 真题链接（人教版高中选修一单元测试)：Without bees,many plants would not be able to complete (pollinate)and produce fruits.(答案：pollination) 13.attain/a'ten/t.(通常经过努力)获得；得到 名词形式：attainment(成就；获得) 形容词形式：attainable(可达到的) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government is taking measures to solve the (短缺)of water resources in rural areas. 2 (传统的)Chinese medicine has a history of thousands of years. 3.The rapid increase in energy()has caused serious environmental problems. 4.We need (令人信服的)evidence to support this theory. 5.The (cost of the new hospital project is over 50 million yuan. 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Dr.Smith has devoted all his life to (expand)medical research in this field. 2.The (convention)way of teaching may not meet the needs of modern students. 3.Her (devote)to the job earned her the respect of all colleagues. 4.The company's_(expand)into Asian markets has been very successful. 5.We need to reduce domestic (consume)of non-renewable resources. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.袁隆平博士毕生致力于杂交水稻研究。 Dr.Yuan Longping his life hybrid rice. 2.这个团队由12名来自不同国家的科学家组成。 The team 12 scientists from different countries 3.她花了20年时间帮助贫困儿童，这种奉献精神令人感动。 She spent 20 years helping poor children,and this is moving 4.据估计，全球人口将在2050年达到90亿。 It is that the global population will9 billion by 2050. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists have long warned about the challenges of feeding the growing population.One solution is to improve farming methods.(Convention)farming often relies on chemicals,but organic farming is gaining popularity.It reduces the(consume)of harmful substances and protects pollinators like bees,which are crucial for plant(pollinate). Dr.Wang,an agricultural expert,has(devote)her career to developing new rice varieties.Her team estimates that the new strain can increase yields by 30%."We need to (convince)farmers to adopt these methods,"she says."The (intense)of their efforts will determine the success of food security.” The government also plays a role.It has invested in technology to overcome water (shortage) and promote domestic production.With combined efforts,we can attain the goal of sustainable agri- culture. 高中选修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Working the Land 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.shortage 7.Conventional 8.consumption 9.convincing 10.estimated Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.expanding 7.conventional 8.devotion 9.expansion 10.consumption I.完成句子 1.devoted;to researching 2.is composed of 3.devotion 4.estimated;attain V.语篇填空 1.Conventional 2.consumption 3.pollination 4.devoted 5.convince 6.intensity 7 shortage 6