Unit 5 First Aid二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 选修2 【Unit5】First Aid- 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 bath ba:0/ 洗澡；误；耽搁（的时间）：推迟 interrupt/.Inta'rapt/vi.vt. (BrE-=bathtub)浴缸：浴盆t.needle/ni:d/n.针；缝衣针：注 断打扰t.使暂停；使中断 (NAmE-bathe)给…洗澡 射针；指针 scream/skri:m/vi.&vt.(因愤怒 slip/slp/vi.滑倒：滑落；溜走V needle短语静脉注射针 或恐惧)高声喊：大声叫n.尖 n.滑倒：小错误；纸条 vital sign短语生命体征 叫：尖锐刺耳的声音 mosquito /m3'ski:ta/n.(pl.。ward/w3:d/n.病房 fellow/felau/adj.同类的；同事 0es,-0s)蚊子 drown /draon/vi.&vt.(使)淹的：同伴的：同情况的n.男人： elderly/'eldali/ad.年纪较大的：死：溺死；浸泡；淹没 家伙：同事；同辈：同类 上了年纪的（婉辞） sprain/spremn/t.扭伤（关节）n.diner/dana(r)/n.(尤指餐馆的) carpet/"ka:prt/n.地毯 扭伤 就餐者 operator /'ppareita(r)/n.电话接ankle/ek/n.踝；踝关节 choke /tfaok/vi.&t.(使)室息： 线员；操作员 bleeding/'bli:dm/n.流血；失血（使）哽咽 ambulance/'embjalans//n.救护bleed/bli:d/vi.bled,bled流血；steak/steik/n.牛排：肉排 车 失血 throat/rat/n.咽喉；喉咙 delay/d'le/vi.&t.推迟；延panic/'paenik/vi.&t.(使)惊 期（做某事）t.耽误：耽搁n.延慌n.惊恐；恐慌 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.elderly/'eldali/adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的（婉辞） 词汇变形 名词形式：elder(长辈：年长者) 构词解析 后缀-y:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“具有…性质的：属于…的”。此处“elder+y”构成形 容词，表示“年长的”。 同类词：friendly(友好的)、lively(活泼的) 例句：The elderly lady lives alone but she is very independent, 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习）：We should show respect to the_(elder)in our community. (答案：elderly) 高中选修2人教 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.operator/ppareita(r)/n.电话接线员；操作员 词汇变形 动词形式：operate(操作；运转：动手术) 形容词形式：operative(运转着的：有效的) 构词解析 后缀-or:加在动词后，构成名词，表示“做…的人物”。“operate(动词)+-or→operator(操 作员)”。 同类词：inventor(发明家)←-invent(发明)、actor(演员)←-act(表演) 例句：The machine is easy to operate,and even a beginner can use it. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：The operator answered the phone and asked,.”May I help you?" 3.ambulance/'embjalans/n.救护车 构词解析 前缀am-:此处可联想“ambul.”表示“行走”（词根含义），“-ance”为名词后缀，表“性质、状态 或行为”。“ambulance”原指“流动医院”，后特指“救护车”。 同类词：distance(距离)、importance（重要性) 例句：An ambulance rushed the injured man to the nearest hospital, 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：When we saw the accident,we called 120 for an (ambulance).(答案：ambulance) 4.delay/dr'le/vi.&vt.推迟；延期（做某事）vt.耽误：耽搁n.延误：耽搁（的时间）：推迟 词汇变形 形容词形式：delayed(被推迟的；延误的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表示“向下；离开：否定”，“lay”有“放置”之意，“delay”字面义可理解为“使放置 (下来)”，即“推迟”。 The flight was delayed due to bad weather,so we had to wait at the airport. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：We decided to delay our trip until next month because of the heavy rain. 5.bleeding/'bli:dn/n.流血；失血 词汇变形 动词原形：bleed(流血：失血)：过去式/过去分词：bled 构词解析 后缀-ing:加在动词后，构成名词，表示“动作或其结果”。“bleed(动词)+-ing→bleeding(名 词，流血)”。 例句：The doctor stopped the bleeding with a clean bandage 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：If you__(bleed)heavily,,you should press the wound and call for help immediately.(答案：bleed) 6.panic/'paenik/vi.&t.(使)惊慌n.惊恐；恐慌 2 高中选修2人教 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：panicked:现在分词：panicking 构词解析 无明显前后缀，但注意动词变过去式/分词时，因以“辅音字母+c”结尾，需先加“k”再加“d” /“ing”。 例句：Don't panic!We will find a way to solve the problem. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句）：The crowd panicked when they heard the loud explosion, 7.interrupt/,mta'rpt/i.&t.打断：打扰t.使暂停；使中断 词汇变形 名词形式：interruption（打扰：中断) 构词解析 前缀inter--:表示“在…之间：相互”，“upt”为词根，意为“打破”，“inter+upt→打破（中间） →打断”。后缀io:加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或状态”。 同类词：interview(面试：采访)←-inter-+view(看)、interact(互动)←-inter-+act(行动) 例句：It's impolite to interrupt others when they are speaking. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The meeting was.(interrupt)by a sudden phone call.. (答案：interrupted) 8.scream/skri:m/vi.&t.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊：大声叫n.尖叫：尖锐刺耳的声音 词汇变形 名词形式：screamer(尖叫者：发出尖锐声音的东西) 构词解析 后缀-er:加在动词后，构成名词，表示“做…的人/物”。“scream(动词)+-er→screamer(尖 叫者)”。 例句：The child screamed with fear when she saw the snake.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：Her scream could be heard from the next room. 9.fellow/'fela/ad.同类的；同事的：同伴的：同情况的n.男人：家伙：同事：同辈；同类 构词解析 无明显前后缀，可作为多词性词汇记忆，形容词和名词含义相关，均围绕“同伴、同类”展开。 例句：My fellow students and I often study together in the library 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：He is a kind(fellow)and always willing to help others. (答案：fellow) 10.diner/dane/n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者 词汇变形 动词形式：dine(进餐：用饭) 构词解析 后缀-er:加在动词后，构成名词，表示“做…的人”。“dine（动词，进餐)+-er→diner(就餐 者)”。 同类词：teacher(教师)←-teach(教)、worker(工人)←-work(工作) 3 高中选修2人教 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：The diner ordered a steak and a glass of red wine. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：The restaurant was full of diners enjoying their meals.. 11.throat/rat/n.咽喉；喉咙 构词解析 无明显前后缀，可联想发音记忆，“throat'”发音与喉咙部位的动作相关，属于基本词汇。 例句：He has a sore throat and can't speak loudly. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：Drinking warm water can help soothe a dry (throat). （答案：throat) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.When the accident happened,a kind-hearted (就餐者)called the emergency hotline imme- diately 7.The patient's()was swollen,so the doctor advised him to drink more warm water. 8.The (救护车)arrived within 10 minutes and rushed the injured to the hospital.. 9.We should always show respect to the_(上了年纪的)people in our society. 10.The (操作员)guided the users through the machine setup step by step. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The flight was (delay)for two hours due to the heavy fog. 2.If you (bleed)from a cut,remember to press the wound firmly. 3.The sudden noise(panic)the little girl,and she started to cry. 4.It is impolite to (interrupt)others while they are speaking. 5.The child (scream)with excitement when she saw the colorful balloons. 6.My (fellow)students and I are preparing for the upcoming exam together. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们决定把会议推迟到下周。 We decided to the meeting next week. 4 高中选修2人教 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.医生用干净的绷带止住了他的流血。 The doctor stopped the with a clean bandage 3.不要惊慌！我们会帮助你的。 Don't We will help you. 4.他的手机响了，打断了我们的谈话。 His phone rang and our conversation 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Yesterday,an accident happened near a restaurant.A(n) (elderly)man fell down and started (bleed).The diners nearby didn't(panic)but acted quickly.One of them called for an (ambulance),while another tried to stop the bleeding with a towel.Ahospital (operate) later said the man was lucky to get help in time.The whole process had no (delay),and the man's life was saved. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.diner 7.throat 8.ambulance 9.elderly 10.operator Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.delayed 2.bleed 3.panicked 4.interrupt 5.screamed 6.fellow L.完成句子 1.delay,until 2.bleeding 3.panic 4.interrupted V.语篇填空 1.elderly 2.bleeding 3.panic 4.ambulance 5.operator 6.delay 5