Unit 3 Food and Culture一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Food and Culture 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 tremendous/tr3'mendas/adj.巨绝 initiative'nIfatrv//n.倡议：新 大的：极大的 optimistic/,Dpti'mistrk/adj.乐方案 behave /bI'heIw/t.表现vi.&观的 sincerely/sm'SIali//adv.真诚地： t.表现得体；有礼貌 gain /gem/t.获得：赢得：取诚实地 surroundings/s3'raundr)zln.得；增加n.好处：增加 budget/'bAdt/n.预算 pl.]环境；周围的事物 perspective /p3'spektiv/n.(思考side with短语支持；站在… surrounding/sa'raondr/adj.周问题的)角度；观点 的一边 围的：附近的 competence/'kompitans/n.能logical/'lDd3kl/adj.合乎逻辑 mature /m3't3);-'tiua)/adj.力：胜任；本领 的：合情合理的 成熟的 competent/'kDmpitant//adj.有as far as Iknow短语据我所知 depressed/d'prest//adj.沮丧的；能力的；称职的 as far as I am concerned短语就 意志消沉的 envoy/'envo/n.使者；使节：代我而言：依我看来 depress/d'pres/t.使沮丧；使表 in summary短语总的来说；总 忧愁 cooperate /kav'Dpareit/.vi.合作；之 boom/bum/vi.&n.迅速发展：协作；配合 generally speaking短语一般来 繁荣 angle/e则gl/n.角；角度；立场说 strengthen/'stren0n/vi.&t.加outlook/'atlk/n.前景：可能outcome/'atkm/n.结果：效果 强：增强；巩固 性：观点 deny/d'na/t.否认：否定；拒belt/belt/n.腰带：地带 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.tremendous/tra'mendas/adj..巨大的；极大的 词汇变形 副词形式：tremendously 构词解析 前缀tre(同ti-,表“三倍”)+词根mend(表“命令”，引申为“量度”)+后缀-ous(表“具有 …性质的”)→强调“超出三倍量度的”，即“巨大的”。 同类词：dangerous（危险的)、famous(著名的) The Internet has brought tremendous changes to people's daily life. 1 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：China has made _(tremendous)progress in space tech- nology in recent years..(答案：tremendous) 2.behave /bI'hev/t.表现vi.&t.表现得体；有礼貌 词汇变形 名词形式：behavior/behaviour 形容词形式：well-behaved(表现好的)、misbehaved(行为不当的) 构词解析 前缀be-（使…)+词根have(持有、保持)→“使保持某种状态”→表现。 例句：Students are expected to behave politely in the library. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句）：It's important to teach children how to behave in public places, 3.surroundings/sa'raondnz/n.pl.]环境；周围的事物 词汇变形 动词形式：surround 形容词形式：surrounding 构词解析 前缀sur-(在…周围)+词根round(环绕)+后缀-ing(动名词后缀)→周围的事物：-s表复数 (常指具体环境)。 例句：We should try our best to protect the natural surroundings. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The small village is」 (surround)by green mountains and clear rivers.(答案：surrounded) 4.mature/ma'tar;-'tjua()/adj.成熟的 词汇变形 动词形式：mature(成熟：使成熟) 名词形式：maturity 构词解析 词根matur(表“成熟”)+后缀-e(动词后缀)：形容词直接由词根派生，后缀-ity构成名词。 A mature person should learn to take responsibility for their actions. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：As time goes by,we become more mature and understand the meaning of life 5.depressed/dr'prest/adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的 词汇变形 动词形式：depress 名词形式：depression 构词解析 前缀de-(向下)+词根press(压)+后缀-ed(表“被…的”)→被向下压的→沮丧的。 例句：He felt depressed after failing the important exam. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The bad news (depress)her all day,and she couldn't focus on her work.(答案：depressed) 2 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.strengthen/ste创n/vi.&vt.加强；增强；巩固 词汇变形 名词形式：strength 形容词形式：strong 构词解析 形容词strong(强壮的)→名词strength(力量)+后缀-en(使…化，动词后缀)→使力量增强 →加强。 同类词：weaken(削弱)、widen（加宽) 例句：Regular exercise can strengthen your body and mind. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The government has taken measures to__(strength)the economy..(答案：strengthen) 7.deny/d'na/t.否认；否定；拒绝 词汇变形 名词形式：denial 构词解析 前缀de-(相反)+词根ny(同nial,表“宣告”)→相反的宣告→否认；后缀-al构成名词。 固定搭配：deny doing sth.(否认做某事) 例句：He denied stealing the money from the office. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The suspect」 (deny)all the charges against him during the trial.(答案：denied) 8.optimistic/,ppti'mistik/adj.乐观的 词汇变形 名词形式：optimism 反义词：pessimistic(悲观的) 构词解析 前缀optim-（最好)+后缀-ist(表“人”，乐观主义者)+后缀-ic（表“…的”)→乐观的。 例句：An optimistic attitude can help us overcome difficulties in life, 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：Despite the challenges,.she remained optimistic about the future 9.competence/'kompitans/n.能力；胜任；本领 词汇变形 形容词形式：competent 构词解析 词根compet(表“竞争；适合”)+后缀-ence(名词后缀)；形容词加后缀-ent。 Professional competence is essential for success in the workplace. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习）：Only_(competence)workers can be promoted to important positions.(答案：competent) l0.cooperate /k3U'Dpareit//vi.合作；协作；配合 3 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 名词形式：cooperation 形容词形式：cooperative 构词解析 前缀co-(共同)+词根oper(工作)+后缀-ate(动词后缀)→共同工作一→合作：名词加后缀-ion, 形容词加ive。 Countries need to cooperate to solve global problems like climate change. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句）：The success of the project depends on the close.__(cooperate) between the two teams.(答案：cooperation) 11.logical/'Ipd3Ikl/adj.合乎逻辑的：合情合理的 词汇变形 名词形式：logic 副词形式：logically 构词解析 词根log(表“理性：言语”)+后缀-ic（表“…的”)+后缀-al(形容词后缀)：副词加-ly。 例句：A logical argument should be based on facts and evidence. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：To solve this problem,we need to think (logical)and find the root cause.(答案：logically) 12.outcome/atkm/n.结果；效果 词汇变形 动词形式：come out(出现：结果是) 构词解析 前缀out-(向外：结果)+词根come(来)→最终“出来”的东西→结果。 例句：The outcome of the experiment surprised all the scientists. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2教材例句)：We should take responsibility for the (outcome)of our decisions.(答案：outcome) l3.initiative/'nu∫etrv/n.倡议；新方案 词汇变形 形容词形式：initial 副词形式：initially 构词解析 前缀in-(进入)+词根iti(开始)+后缀-ative(表“…的"”)→最初的；名词形式由形容词派生， 表“开始的行动”一倡议。 China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative to promote international cooperation. 真题链接（人教版高中选修2同步练习)：The government'snew(initiative)has attracted wide attention from the public.(答案：initiative) 4 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government plans to ties with neighboring countries through cultural exchanges. 7.She showed great」 (成熟）by handling the conflict calmly and rationally.. 8.The (of the election will be announced tomorrow morning. 9.Being (乐观的)helps people stay positive even in difficult situations. 10.His sudden (of the agreement surprised everyone at the meeting 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The (surround)villages have developed quickly due to tourism in recent years.(surround) 7.They hope to (strong)their relationship by spending more time together.(strengthen) 8.After the accident,she felt (depress)and lost interest in daily activities.(depress) 9.The team's success is based on good communication and close(cooperate).(cooperate) 10.To solve this math problem,you need to think (logic)and step by step.(logical) 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们应该努力保护自然环境。 We should try our best to protect the natural 2.她否认曾经见过那个陌生人。 She denied the stranger before. 3.这个项目的成功取决于团队之间的合作。 The success of the project depends on between the teams. 4.定期锻炼能增强你的体质和心理素质。 Regular exercise can your body and mind. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 As teenagers grow older,they become more (mature)and start to take on more responsibilities. However,some may feel(depress)when facing challenges like academic pressure or relation- ship problems.To deal with this,experts suggest staying(optimistic)and seeking support from family and friends. It is also important to strengthen resilience through activities like sports or hobbies.For example, joining a club can help improve social skills and build(competence).Additionally,learning to think (logical)can help solve problems more effectively. In short,the (outcome)ofone'steenage years often depends on how well they balance emotions and actions.Taking initiative to grow and learn will lead to a more fulfilling life 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.strengthen 7.maturity 8.outcome 9.optimistic 10.denial Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.surrounding 7.strengthen 8.depressed 9.cooperation 10.logically I.完成句子 1.surroundings 2.having met 3.cooperation 4.strengthen V语篇填空 1.mature 2.depressed 3.optimistic 4.competence 5.logically 6.outcome 6