Unit 5 Launching Your Career 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Unit 5 Launching Your Career 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 disk(disc)/dsk/n.磁盘：盘 (使)紧密结合n.编织的衣服：衣领flea collar灭蚤颈圈 parking/pak四/n.停车位；停针织衫 finance /'famans;far'naens/n. 车 wool /wol/n.毛；毛线；毛料金：财政；金融t.提供资金 camel./'keml/n.骆驼 intermediate/.nta'mi:dit/adj.receipt/rI'si:t/n.收据；接收 fyfa/n.油煎的食物t.&vi.中级的：中等的：中间的 certificate/sa'tifikat/n.合格证 油炸：油炒；油煎 priority/prar'prati/n.优先事项；书；证明 purse /p3:sn.钱包；皮夹子（尤首要的事：优先 employer/m'ploIa(/n.雇主； 指女用) proficiency /pra'fnsi/n.熟练；老板 sew /sau/vi. &t.(sewed,娴熟；精通 desert/'dezat//n.沙漠：荒漠 sewm/sewe缝制；缝；做针cage /keid3n.笼子t.关在笼acquire/月'kwar()/t.获得；购 线活 子里 得 knit /nit/t.&vi.编织：针织：collar/'kola)/n.(动物颈圈： 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.finance/'famaens,far'nens/n.资金：财政；金融t.提供资金 词汇变形 形容词形式：financial(财政的；金融的) 构词解析 后缀-il:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“与…有关的”。 同类词：commercial(商业的)、official(官方的) Managing personal finance well is an important life skill for everyone. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The government has taken measures to improve the (finance)situation of small businesses.(答案：financial) 2.receipt/rI'si:t/n.收据；接收 词汇变形 动词形式：receive(收到：接收) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回；再”，ceive为词根“拿”；receipt由receive变化而来，保留“接收”的核心含义。 同类词：receive(收到)→reception(接待) 例句：Please keep the receipt in case you need to return the product,. 高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（人教版高中选修4单元测试)：After paying the bill,.the customer asked for a (receive) as proof of payment.(答案：receipt) 3.certificate/sa'trfikat/n.合格证书：证明 词汇变形 动词形式：certify(证明；证实) 构词解析 词根cert:表“确定；确信”，后缀-ate构成动词(certify“证明”)，-icate为名词后缀(certificate “证书”)。 同类词：classify(分类)→classification(分类) 例句：She received a certificate after completing the training course 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The company will (certificate)the product to ensure its quality.(答案：certify) 4.employer/m'ploIa(r)/n.雇主；老板 词汇变形 动词形式：employ(雇佣；使用) 名词形式：employment(就业；雇佣) 构词解析 前缀cm-:表“使…进入状态”，ploy为词根“使用”：employer由employ+后缀-er(表“人”) 构成，指“雇佣他人的人”。 同类词：teach(教)→teacher(教师)：work(工作)→worker(工人) 例句：The employer provides good benefits for all employees. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4单元测试)：The new policy aims to increase (employ)rates among young people..(答案：employment) 5.acquire/o'kwaia()/t.获得；购得 词汇变形 名词形式：acquisition（获得：习得) 形容词形式：acquired(后天获得的) 构词解析 前缀ac-:表“加强”，quire为词根“寻求；获得”；acquisition由acquire+后缀-ition（表“动作或 结果”)构成。 同类词：require(要求)→requirement(要求) 例句：It takes time to acquire a foreign language proficiency. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4阅读填空)：The company's recent (acquire)of a smaller firm helped expand its business.(答案：acquisition) 6.priority /prar'Drati/n.优先事项：首要的事 词汇变形 形容词形式：pior(优先的：在前的) 构词解析 2 高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 前缀pri-:表“首要；在前”，后缀-ity构成名词(priority“优先”)，prior为形容词形式。 固定搭配：prior to(在…之前) 例句：Health should always be our top priority. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：All tasks must be completed(priority)before the deadline.(答案：prior) 7.proficiency /pr3'fifnsi/n.熟练：娴熟；精通 词汇变形 形容词形式：proficient（熟练的；精通的) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前；深入”，fici为词根“做”，后缀-ency构成名词(proficiency“熟练度”)，-ient 构成形容词(proficient“熟练的”)。 固定搭配：be proficient in(精通…) 例句：she has a high level of proficiency in English speaking. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4单元测试)：Only those (proficiency)in computer skills can apply for this job.(答案：proficient) 8.intermediate/,Inta'mi:diat/adj.中级的：中等的：中间的 构词解析 前缀inter-:表“在…之间”，medi为词根“中间”，后缀-ate构成形容词；整体含义为“在中间 的”，引申为“中级的”。 同类词：international(国际的，inter-+national“国家的”) This course is designed for students with intermediate English level. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：After completing the basic level,you can move on to the (intermediate)course..(答案：intermediate) 9.desert/dezat/n.沙漠；荒漠 词汇变形 动词形式：desert/d'z3t/(抛弃；遗弃) 构词解析 同形异义词，作“沙漠”时重音在前(/'dezt/),作动词“抛弃”时重音在后(/d'z3t),词根set 表“连接”，d-表“离开”，“离开连接”即“抛弃”。 例句：Few plants can survive in the hot desert.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4阅读理解)：The traveler was】 (desert)by his companions in the middle of the desert..(答案：deserted) l0.intermediate/,mte'mi:diat/adj.中级的：中等的：中间的 词汇变形 无直接变形，重点讲解前后缀 构词解析 前缀inter-:表“在…之间”，如international(国际的，国家之间的)：medi词根“中间”，如medium (媒介：中等的)。 3 高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 The intermediate level course is suitable for students who have learned English for 2-3 years. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4词汇练习）：The mountain is at an_(intermediate)height between the two peaks.(答案：intermediate) 11.knit /nit/t.&vi.编织：针织：（使）紧密结合n.编织的衣服：针织衫 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：knitted/knit 名词形式：knitting(编织物：编织术) 构词解析 无典型前后缀，重点关注不规则动词变形及名词派生(kit+ing表“编织的动作或结果”)。 例句：She enjoys knitting sweaters for her family in winter.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：My grandmother (knit)a scarf for me last week,and it's very warm.(答案：knitted/knit) 12.sew/saU/vi.&t.(sewed,sewm/sewed缝制：缝：做针线活 词汇变形 过去式：sewed:过去分词：sewm/sewed 名词形式：sewing(缝纫：针线活) 构词解析 无典型前后缀，重点掌握不规则动词变形及名词派生(sw+-ig表“缝纫的动作或物品”)。 例句：She sewed a button back onto her coat 真题链接（人教版高中选修4单元测试)：After (sew)the pieces together,she tried on the new dress.(答案：sewing) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.To apply for the job,you need to provide a (证书)of your education background. 7.The company's (财政的)report shows a big profit this year. 8.After the payment,please keep the(as proof. 9.The new policy aims to reduce (失业率)in urban areas. 10.Learning a foreign language requires long-term practice to gain (熟练). 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The government is taking measures to improve the (finance)situation of rural areas.(finance) 2.She needs to (certificate)her qualification before starting the job.(certificate) 4 高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.The (employ)decided to increase salaries for all workers.(employ) 4.His recent (acquire)of knowledge helped him pass the exam.(acquire) 5.Health and safety should be the top(prior)in the workplace.(priority) 6.Only those (proficiency)in math can solve this problem.(proficiency) 7.The traveler was (desert)by his guide in the middle of the desert.(desert) 8.Mymother (knit)a sweater for me last winter,and it's very warm.(knit) 9.After (sew)the buttons,she ironed the shirt carefully.(sew) 10.This course is suitable for students with (intermediate)English level.(intermediate) 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他通过努力获得了英语流利表达的能力。 He worked hard to in English. 2.在开会前，所有手机必须关机。 All mobile phones must be turned off the meeting 3.她精通计算机技能，因此得到了这份工作。 She computer skills,so she got the job. 4.这家公司最近收购了一家小型科技企业。 The company made a recent a small tech firm. 5.沙漠里的植物很难在极端高温下生存。 Plants in the can hardly survive in extreme heat. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中选修4人教 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Reading is an important way to (acquire)knowledge.For students,developing reading skills should be a top (priority).Those (proficiency)in reading can understand complex texts easily.Many schools offer courses from basic to(intermediate)levels to help students improve. When learning,it's necessary to take notes and keep(receipt)of important materials.Some students even (knit)their notes into organized summaries.Teachers often(certify) students'progress through exams.Remember,consistent practice is the key to (achieve) reading proficiency. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.certificate 7.financial 8.receipt 9.employment 10.proficiency Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.financial 2.certify 3.employer 4.acquisition 5.priority 6.proficient 7.deserted 8.knitted/knit 9.sewing 10.intermediate I.完成句子 1.acquire proficiency 2.prior to 3.is proficient in 4.acquisition of 5.desert V.语篇填空 1.acquire 2.priority 3.proficient 4.intermediate 5.receipts 6.knit 7.certify 8 achieving 6