Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 词汇精讲 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 tobacco/a'bekau/n.烟草；烟in response to短语回答；答复discipline/drsaplm/n.自制力： 叶 reward /r'wo:d/n.回报：奖励；纪律；学科t.自我控制：管教； alcohol/aelkahpl/n.酒：酒精 报酬t.奖励：奖赏：给以报酬处罚 abuse月bju:s/n.滥用：虐待：辱rely /I'lar/vi.依赖；依靠；信赖pill /prl/n.药丸：药片 骂/e'bju:z/vt.滥用；虐待：辱rely on依赖；依靠；信赖 delete/dr'lit/v.删去；删除 骂 facilitate/f'sIltert/t.促进；促decide on短语决定；选定 physical/'fizikl/ad.身体的：客使：使便利 make up one's mind短语下定 观存在的：物理学的 examine/1g'zenm/t.(仔细)检决心 dominate/dpminert/.t.&i.支查：审查：测验 compose /kam'pauz/vt.vi. 配：控制：占有优势 negative/'negatrv/adj.消极的；成；作曲；撰写be composed of repeatedly /rIpi::tdli/adv.重复有害的；否定的 由…组成（或构成）的 地 escalator/eskaleita()r/n.自动surgeon/'s3:d3an/n.外科医生 psychology/saI'kDla3i/n.心理扶梯；滚梯 surgery/'s3:d3ari/n.外科手术： 学：心理：心理影响 straight away短语立即；马上外科学 cue /kju:/n.提示；暗示；信号pessimistic/,pes'mIstrk/adj.悲 t.给（某人）暗示（或提示） 观的：悲观主义的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.physical/'fizikl/ad.身体的：客观存在的：物理学的 词汇变形 名词形式：physics(物理学) 副词形式：physically（身体上；物理上) 构词解析 前缀pysi-:表“自然、物理”；后缀-al:加在名词后构成形容词，表“…的”。 同类词：chemical(化学的)←-chemistry(化学)、biological(生物的)←-biology(生物学) Regular exercise is important for both physical and mental health 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The一(physics)change of water into ice is a common natural phenomenon..(答案：physical) 1 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 2.psychology/saI'kplad3i/n.心理学：心理；心理影响 词汇变形 形容词形式：psychological(心理的；心理学的) 副词形式：psychologically(心理上地) 构词解析 后缀ogy:表“学科、研究”；-logical:构成形容词，表“…学科的”。 同类词：biology(生物学)→biological(生物的)、geology(地质学)→geological(地质的) The study of psychology helps us understand human behavior better. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元检测）：Some students may face一(psychology)pressure before exams.(答案：psychological) 3.negative/negativ/adj.消极的；有害的：否定的 词汇变形 反义词：positive(积极的；肯定的) 名词形式：negation(否定；否认) 构词解析 前缀neg-:表“否定、相反”；后缀-ive:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词：active(积极的)、passive(被动的) 例句：Try to avoid negative thoughts when facing difficulties. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3阅读理解)：The author suggests that a_attitude towards life can lead to unhappiness.(答案：negative) 4.pessimistic/,pesI'mIstik/adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 词汇变形 名词形式：pessimism(悲观主义) 反义词：optimistic(乐观的) 构词解析 后缀-istic:加在名词后构成形容词，表“.…主义的；具有…特征的”。 同类词：realistic(现实的)←-realism(现实主义)、idealistic(理想主义的)←-idealism(理想主义) 例句：Don't be so pessimistic-things will get better soon. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3完形填空)：Although she failed many times,she was never_(pessimism) about her future..(答案：pessimistic) 5.discipline/disaplm/n.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教：处罚 词汇变形 形容词形式：disciplined(守纪律的；受过训练的) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“加强”；后缀-ine:构成名词或动词。 Military training helps students develop discipline and teamwork 真题链接（人教版高中选修3语法填空)：A-(discipline))person is more likely to achieve their goals.. (答案：disciplined) 2 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 6.compose/kn'paUz/t.&vi.组成：作曲；撰写 词汇变形 名词形式：composition(组成：作文；作曲) 形容词形式：composite(混合的；合成的) 构词解析 前缀com-:表“共同、一起”；后缀pose:来自拉丁语，表“放置”。 固定搭配：be composed of(由…组成) 例句：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元测试)：The band will(composition)a new song for the school festival..(答案：compose) 7.surgeon/广s3:d3n/n.外科医生 词汇变形 名词形式（相关学科)：surgery(外科手术：外科学) 形容词形式：surgical(外科的：手术的) 构词解析 后缀-eon:表“从事…职业的人”；-ey:构成名词，表“学科、行为”。 同类词：dentist(牙医)←-dentistry(（牙科学)、physician(内科医生)-hysics(物理学) 例句：The surgeon successfully performed the heart operatio. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3阅读理解)：After years of training,she finally became a qualified (surgery).(答案：surgeon) 8.abuse /a'bju:sn.滥用：虐待：辱骂/bjuz/t.滥用：虐待：辱骂 词汇变形 形容词形式：abusive(虐待的：辱骂的) 构词解析 前缀ab-:表“离开、相反”；词根use:表“使用”，“abuse”即“错误使用”。 例句：Drug abuse can cause serious health problems. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3短文改错）：He was arrested for abuse his power as a government official, (答案：abusing) 9.facilitate /fa'sIlitert/t.促进；促使：使便利 词汇变形 名词形式：facility（设施：便利) 形容词形式：facilitative(促进的；有帮助的) 构词解析 前缀fac-:表“做、制作”（同“fact”):后缀-ate:构成动词，表“使…”。 The new technology facilitates communication between people from different countries. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3语法填空)：Online platforms have一(facility)the development of e- commerce.(答案：facilitated) l0.delete/d'lit/v.删去；删除 3 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 词汇变形 名词形式：deletion(删除；删除的内容) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“去掉、离开”；词根let:表“放出、允许”（同“let”),“delete”即“使离开、去掉”。 例句：Please delete the unnecessary files from your computer. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3书面表达)：You can一(delete)he wrong information and rewrite it. (答案：delete) 1l.decide/di'saId/v.决定；选定（注：“decide on”为固定搭配，词根“decide”在单词表中隐含） 词汇变形 名词形式：decision(决定；决心) 形容词形式：decisive(决定性的；果断的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“加强”；词根cide:表“切割”（同“cut”),“decide”即“切断犹豫，做出选择”。 例句：She finally decided to study abroad after graduation. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单选)：After car'eful consideration,.they made a一(decide)to invest in the project.(答案：decision) l2.dominate/'domineit/t.&vi.支配：控制：占有优势 词汇变形 名词形式：dominance(支配；优势) 形容词形式：dominant(占优势的：支配的) 构词解析 前缀dom-:表“统治、支配”（同“domicile”);后缀-ate:构成动词，表“使…”。 例句：The company dominates the market with its advanced technology. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3完形填空)：In many ecosystems,one species may be一(dominance) over others.(答案：dominant) 13.reym'la/vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 词汇变形 形容词形式：reliable(可靠的：可信赖的) 副词形式：reliably(可靠地) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“加强”；词根ly:表“结合”，“rey”即“紧密结合，依赖”。 固定搭配：rely on(依赖；依靠) 例句：You can rely on him to finish the task on time.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3语法填空)：A一rely)friend is someone who will always support you. (答案：reliable) 14.examine/1g'zenm/t.(仔细)检查：审查：测验 词汇变形 名词形式：examination(考试：检查) 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 缩写形式：exam(口语常用) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“出、彻底”；词根amine:表“检查”（同“test”)。 The doctor examined the patient carefully and prescribed some medicine. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3单元测试）：Students are required to take a mid-tem一(examine))next week.(答案：examination) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.The study of_(物理学)helps us understand the natural world better. 2.Her_(心理的)health is as important as her physical health. 3.The team needs a more_(积极的)attitude to win the game, 4.一（外科医生）are working hard to save the patient's life. 5.The new library provides modern_()for students to study. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The_(psychology)effects of stress can lead to sleep problems 2.She is very_(discipline)and always finishes her homework on time. 3.The Internet has greatly_(facilitate)online learning for students. 4.You can _(delete)the wrong answer and choose the correct one. 5.His_(decide)to study medicine made his parents very happy. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.水是由氢和氧组成的。 Water -hydrogen and oxygen. 2.我们应该避免在困难时产生消极想法。 We should avoid when facing difficulties. 3.这位外科医生成功地完成了手术。 The_the operation successfully 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 4.不要过于依赖他人的帮助。 Don't_too much_others'help 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Students often face different kinds of pressure in their daily lives.Some may feel_(physical)tired from heavy homework,while others may have_(psychology)stress before exams.It's important to stay positive and avoid(negative)thoughts.For example,if you fail a test,don't be(pes- simistic).Instead,analyze your mistakes and try again. Discipline is also key to success.A_(discipline)student will manage time well and make progress step by step.Teachers often_(examine)students'work to help them improve.Remember,you can always-(rely)on your teachers and parents for support.With the right attitude,you can overcome any difficulty. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.physics 7.psychological 8.positive 9.Surgeons 10.facilities Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.psychological 7.disciplined 8.facilitated 9.delete 10.decision IL.完成句子 5.is composed of 6.negative thoughts 7.surgeon successfully performed 8.rely,on V,语篇填空 1.physically 2.psychological 3.negative 4.pessimistic 5.disciplined 6.examine 7.rely 6