Unit 4 Sharing 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit4】Sharing 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 disabled/ds'erbld/adj..有残疾/'kontr aekt/n.合同：契约 relay/'ri:ler;r'let.转发；转 的：丧失能力的 grant/gra:nt;NAmE graent/t.播n.接力赛；接班的人relay to resign /r'zan/vi.&t.辞职：辞同意：准许n.拨款 转达给…；转发给… 去 take（)for granted短语认为(criterion /krar'trarian/n.(pl.cri- deserve/d'z3v/t.值得；应得；)是理所当然；对()不teria/-i)标准；准则；原则 应受 予重视 stability/sta'brlati/n.稳定（性）： lately/'lertli/adv.最近；不久前；cardiac/ka:diaek/adj..心脏病稳固（性） 近来 的：心脏的 pray/prer/vi.&t.企盼：祈祷 input/'mpt/n.情况；信息；投circuit/'s3kt/n.巡回：环形线pray that但愿 入：输入t.输入 路 hypothetical /haipa'0etikl/adj. tune /tju:n;NAmE tu:n/n.曲调：disability/,d山sa'blti/n.缺陷：假设的；假定的 曲子t,调音：调节：调频道 障碍 contract/kan'trkt/t.感染（疾consultation/,kpnsl'ten/n.咨 病)：与…订立合同（或契约）询：咨询会 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.disabled/ds'ebld/adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的 动词形式：disable(使残疾；使丧失能力) 名词形式：disability(缺陷；障碍) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“否定、相反”；后缀-ed:构成形容词，表“处于状态的”。 同类词：disabled(残疾的)←-disable(使残疾)，disabled(失去能力的)←-able(有能力的) 例句：The organization provides support for disabled people in need, 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：He was_(able)to walk after the accident,.so he needed a wheelchair.(答案：disabled) 2.disability/,dsa'bilati/n.缺陷：障碍 形容词形式：disabled(有残疾的) 动词形式：disable(使残疾) 构词解析：前缀dis:表“否定”；词根bil(能力)：后缀-ity:构成抽象名词，表“性质、状态”。 1 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 同类词：ability(能力)→disability(无能力)，possibility(可能性)←-possible(可能的) 例句：Her disability didn't stop her from achieving her dreams. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4教材例句）：People with disabilities should have equal access to education and employment. 3.deserve/dz3vlt.值得：应得：应受 形容词形式：deserving(值得的：应得的) 名词形式：deservedness(应得性) 构词解析：前缀de-:表“完全、加强”：词根sev（服务、价值)；后缀-e:构成动词。 固定搭配：deserve to do sth.(值得做某事)：deserve well/ill of(应受…的待遇) 例句：She has worked hard and deserves to be promoted. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：Those who help others selflessly(deserve)our respect. (答案：deserve) 4.input/'mpt/n.情况：信息：投入；输入t.输入 反义词：output(输出；产量) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“进入”；词根put（放置)。“iput”字面义为“放进去”，引申为“输入”。 同类词：input(输入)←-im(进入)+put(放)，output(输出)←out(出去)+put(放) 例句：We need more input from the team members to improve the project. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4教材例句）：The computer can process the input data quickly and accurately. 5.contract/kan'traekt/vt.感染（疾病）：与…订立合同/'kΦntraekt/n.合同：契约 形容词形式：contractual(合同的：契约的) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；词根act(拉、拽)，字面义为“拉到一起”，引申为“合 同”或“收缩”。 例句：She contracted a cold after staying in the rain for hours.. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The two companies (contract)to work together on the new project.(答案：contracted) 6.grant/gra:nt,:NAmE graent/vt.同意；准许n.拨款 形容词形式：granted(被承认的：理所当然的) 固定搭配：take.for granted(认为…理所当然) 构词解析：词根grant(给予、同意)，后缀-ed构成形容词。 例句：The government granted funds to build a new hospital in the area. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4教材例句)：Don't take his kindness for grantedhe's always willing to help others. 7.consultation/,kpnsl'teIn/n.咨询：咨询会 动词形式：consult（咨询：商量) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同”；词根sut（问)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 Before making a decision,we need to have a consultation with the experts. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：You should_一(consultation)a doctor if you have a 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 persistent cough.（答案：consult) 8.relay/ri:ler,rrle/vt.转发：转播n.接力赛：接班的人 短语搭配：1 elay to(转达给…；转发给…) 构词解析：前缀e-:表“重复、再”：词根lay(放置)，字面义为“再次放置”，引申为“传递、转 发”。 例句：Please relay this message to your manager as soon as possible. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The news was(relay)to all the students through the school radio.(答案：relayed) 9.criterion /krar't1 orian/n.(pl.criteria/-ria)标准；准则；原则 复数形式：criteria(注意不规则变化) 构词解析：词根crit(判断、分辨)：后缀-erion:构成名词，表“标准、准则”。 例句：The main criterion for this job is work experience. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4教材例句）：We need to establish clear criteria for evaluating the project's success. 10.stability/st'bIlati/n.稳定（性）；稳固（性） 形容词形式：stable(稳定的：稳固的) 构词解析：词根stab（站立)；后缀-ility:构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词：stability(稳定性)←-stable(稳定的)，ability(能力)←-able(有能力的) 例句：Economic stability is important for the development of a country. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The government is taking measures to ensure the (stable)of prices.(答案：stability) ll.pray /prer/vi.&t.企盼；祈祷 名词形式：prayer(祈祷：祷告) 构词解析：词根pray(请求、祈祷)；后缀-er:构成名词，表“动作或行为者”。 固定搭配：pray that(但愿) 例句：She knelt down to pray for her family's safety. 真题链接（人教版高中选修4教材例句)：We pray that the war will end soon and people can live in peace. l2.hypothetical/,hap3'etik/adj.假设的；假定的 名词形式：hypothesis(假设：假说) 构词解析：前缀hypo-:表“在下、低于”；词根tht(放置)：后缀-ical:构成形容词，表“…的”。 例句：The teacher asked us to discuss a hypothetical situation in class 真题链接（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：In science class,.we often test(hypothesis)through experiments.(答案：hypotheses) 3 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government has provided financial support for people with (缺陷). 7.After the accident,he was_ (丧失能力的)and needed a wheelchair. 8.The project requires more (投入)from all team members. 9.We need to establish clear (标准)for evaluating the new policy. 10.Economic (稳定性)is crucial for the country's development,. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.Those who work hard (deserve)to be rewarded. 7.The news was (relay)to all students through the school radio 8.Before making a decision,we should have a(consultation)with experts. 9.She (contract)a cold after staying in the rain for hours. 10.The teacher asked us to test the (hypothesis)through experiments. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.不要把父母的爱视为理所当然。 Don't your parents'love 6.她的残疾并没有阻止她实现梦想。 Her didn't stop her from her dreams 7.我们需要更多团队成员的意见来改进这个项目。 We need more from team members to the project. 8.政府拨款修建了这座新医院。 The government funds to build the new hospital. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中选修4人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 In a recent survey,researchers collected (input)from people with disabilities about their daily challenges.One key (criterion)for the survey was to understand how society can better support them.Many participants mentioned that (stable)in employment and education was their top concern A local organization(grant)funds to organize workshops,where experts (consult) with participants to develop solutions.One suggestion was to(relay)information about job opportunities more effectively.Participants also(pray)for greater understanding and equal access to public spaces. The survey results showed that many people with disabilities (deserve)more respect and sup- port.The organization plans to use the findings to improve policies,ensuring that no one is (disable)by barriers in society. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.disability 7.disabled 8.input 9.criteria 10.stability Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.deserve 7.relayed 8.consultation 9.contracted 10.hypotheses I.完成句子 5.take;for granted 6.disability,achieving 7.input;improve 8.granted V,语篇填空 1.input 2.criterion 3.stability 4.granted 5.consulted 6.relay 7.prayed 8. deserve 9.disabled 5