Unit 5 Poems 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Poems二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 cinquair/s知'kem/n.五行诗 respective/rI'spektrv/adj.分别架子；搁板 be made up of短语由…组成 的：各自的 core /ko:/n.核心；精髓：（水果 (构成) blossom/'blpsam,/n.花朵；花簇的)核儿 mood /mu:d/n.情绪：心情：语 delicate/delikat/adj.精美的：cherry/'tferi/n.樱桃： 樱桃树： 气 精致的：脆弱的 樱桃色adj.樱桃色的：鲜红色 tease /ti:z/vi.&t.取笑（某人）：await /e'weit/t.等候：期待：将的 揶揄：逗弄 发生在 cherry blossom短语樱花 haiku/'harku/n.俳句 revolve /ri'volv/vi.旋转；环绕：blank /blaenk/adj.空白的；无图 syllable/'sil3bl/n.音节 转动 画（或韵律、装饰）的：没表情 format/'fo:maet/n.格式；总体utter/'Ata(r)/t.出声；说：讲的n.空白；空格 安排：（出版物的）版式t.格ad.完全的：十足的；彻底的verse /v3sn.诗；韵文；诗节 式化 comprehension/,kDmprI'henn/civilian/sa'vilian/n.平民：老百 respectively'spektrvli/adv.分n.理解力：领悟力：理解练习姓 别：各自；依次为 shelf /felf/n.(pl.shelves /felvz/) 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.respective/rr'spektrv/adj.分别的：各自的 词汇变形 副词形式：respectively 构词解析 后缀iv:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；y是副词后缀，加在形容词后构成副词。 同类词 active(积极的)→actively(积极地)，relative(相对的)→relatively(相对地) 例句 The two sisters received awards respectively for academic excellence and sports performance. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) The twins finished the race in 8.5 and 8.8 seconds _(respective).(答案：respectively) 2.comprehension/kDmpri'henn/n.理解力：领悟力 1 高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 动词形式：comprehend 形容词形式：comprehensible(可理解的) 构词解析 前缀com-:表“共同、一起”；词根prehend:意为“抓住、掌握”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作 或过程的结果”；-ible:形容词后缀，表“可…的”。 同类词 apprehension(忧虑)→apprehend(理解)，extension(延伸)→extend(延伸) 例句 Reading more English articles can improve your comprehension of complex sentences. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) This passage is beyond my comprehension;I need to read it again. 3.civilian/sa'vilian/n.平民；老百姓 词汇变形 形容词形式：civil(公民的：民事的) 构词解析 前缀civil-:意为“公民的、社会的”；后缀-ian:加在名词后，表“…人”。 同类词 historian(历史学家)←-history(历史)，musician(音乐家)←-music(音乐) 例句 During the war,many soldiers returned to their homes as civilians. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) The government should protect the rights of (civilian)during emergencies..(答案：civilians) 4.delicate/'delikat/adj.精美的：脆弱的 词汇变形 副词形式：delicately 名词形式：delicacy(精致；美味佳肴) 构词解析 后缀-ate:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；-y:副词后缀：acy:名词后缀，表“性质或状态”。 同类词 accurate(准确的)→accurately(准确地)，intimate（亲密的)→intimacy(亲密) 例句 She held the delicate porcelain vase carefully to avoid breaking it. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) The delicate cherry blossoms fall gently in the spring wind. 5.revolve/r'volv/vi.旋转；环绕 词汇变形 名词形式：revolution(旋转；革命) 形容词形式：revolutionary(革命的：旋转的) 高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次、重复”；词根volve:意为“滚动、旋转”；后缀-tion:构成名词；-ay:形容词 后缀，表“与…有关的”。 同类词 evolve(进化)→evolution(进化)，involve(涉及)→involvement(参与) 例句 The Earth revolves around the Sun once a year. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) The (revolve)of the moon around the Earth causes tides.(revolution) 6.utter/'Atr)/t.出声；说adj完全的 词汇变形 副词形式：utterly(完全地：彻底地) 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词，表“完全地”。 例句 She was too shocked to utter a word when she heard the news. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) His performance was(utter)disappointing;the audience left early.(utterly) 7.format/'fmet/n.格式：版式t.格式化 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：formatted 现在分词：formatting 构词解析 前缀for-:表“形成、塑造”；词根mat:意为“形状、形式”：t:动词后缀。 例句 Please format the document according to the teacher's requirements before submission. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) The essay should be written in a standard format with an introduction,body,and conclusion 8.tease /ti:z/vi.&t.取笑；逗弄 词汇变形 名词形式：tease(爱开玩笑的人)/teasing(取笑：戏弄) 形容词形式：teasing(戏谑的；逗弄的) 构词解析 后缀-g:加在动词后可构成名词（表动作)或形容词（表“令人…的”）。 例句 It's not polite to tease others about their appearance. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) Stop (tease)your little sister,she's about to cry.（答案：teasing) 3 高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 9.verse /v3s/n.诗：韵文 词汇变形 形容词形式：versatile(多才多艺的：多用途的) 构词解析 词根verse:意为“转向、诗句”；后缀-atile:表“易…的：多…的”，构成形容词。 同类词 reverse(反转)→reversible(可反转的)，convert(转变)→convertible(可转换的) 例句 This poem is divided into three verses,each describing a different season. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) Shakespeare's plays are written in both prose and verse. 10.blank /blaenk/adj.空白的n.空白：空格 词汇变形 动词形式：blank(使模糊：使空白) 副词形式：blankly 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词，表“…地”。 例句 He stared blankly at the wall,unable to think of anything to write 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) Please fill in the (blank)with the correct form of the verb.（答案：blanks) 11.await/'wet/t.等候；期待 词汇变形 同义词：wait for(不及物动词短语，需加介词for) 构词解析 前缀a-:表“加强”；词根wait:意为“等待”，await为及物动词，直接接宾语。 例句 We anxiously await the results of the college entrance examination. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) A wonderful surprise awaits you at the end of the journey. 12.core/ko:/n.核心；精髓 词汇变形 形容词形式：core(核心的；主要的，用作定语) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，可通过搭配构成短语：core value(核心价值观)，core subject(核心学科)。 例句 The core of her argument is that education should focus on practical skills. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) Honesty and respect are the (core)values of our school.(答案：core) 高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The two teams will play their (分别的)mat ches tomorrow. 2.Good reading habits can improve your_ (理解力)of texts. 3.During the disaster,the army worked hard to protect (平民). 4.The artist created a (精美的)sculpture using white marble 5.The Earth's (旋转)causes day and night 6.The poem consists of three_(诗节)，each with eight lines. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The twins solved the problems(respective)in 10 and 15 minutes 2.This theory is beyond my(comprehend);I need more time to study it. 3.The government should protect the rights of(civilian)during wars. 4.She handled the fragile vase(delicate)to avoid breaking it. 5.The (revolve)of the moon around the Earth takes about 28 days. 6.His performance was (utter)disappointing,so no one applauded 7.Please (format)the report before submitting it to the teacher. 8.Stop (tease)your classmates about their accents. 9.He stared (blank)at the blackboard,unable to answer the question 10.We are anxiously (await)the results of the competition 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这对姐妹分别获得了数学奖和文学奖。 The two sisters won awards for math and literature 2.阅读英文小说有助于提高你的阅读理解能力。 Reading English novels helps improve your 高中选修3人教 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.他太震惊了，一句话也说不出来。 He was too shocked to a word. 4.请按照标准格式写这篇文章。 Please write the article in a standard 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Students often struggle with vocabulary learning,especially word forms.For example,"respective"is an adjective,and its adverb form is"(respective)".To improve reading_ (comprehend), teachers suggest reading widely.Some students may_ (tease)for making mistakes,but it's important to keep practicing.Remember,even a small (achieve)in vocabulary can boost confidence.When writing essays,always check the (format)to avoid errors.With consistent effort,you'll find vocabulary learning less challenging. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.respective 2.comprehension 3.civilians 4.delicate 5.revolution 6.verses Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.respectively 2.comprehension 3.civilians 4.delicately 5.revolution 6.utterly 7.format 8.teasing 9.blankly 10.awaiting 工.完成句子 1.respectively 2.reading comprehension 3.utter 4.format V.语篇填空 1.respectively 2.comprehension 3.be teased 4.achievement 5.format 6