Unit 4 Adversity and Courage二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Adversity and Courage 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 bat /baet/n.球拍：蝙蝠vi.&t.布：宣传：做广告 make fire短语生火 用球板击球：挥打：拍打 corporate/'ko:parat/adj.公司的；give off短语放出（热、光、气味 damp/demp/adj.潮湿的：湿气法人的：社团的 或气体) 重的 rough /rAf/adj.汹涌的：粗糙的；episode/'episaud/n.(人生的) recreation/.rekri'eln/m.娱乐；粗略的 段经历：（小说的）片段；插曲 消遣；游戏 navigator/'naevigeita/m.领航员；commitment /k3'mitmant/n.承 guidance/gaidns/n.指导；引导：（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者 诺：保证；奉献 导航 loyal/'113l/adj.忠诚的：忠实的notive/'mautiv/m.动机；原因： nephew/nefju:m.侄子；外甥motor/'mata(r)m.发动机；马目的 advertising/'edvatarz/n.广告达adj.有引擎的；机动车的 Confucianism/kan'fju:fanizam/n 活动：广告业 candidate/kaendidat/n.候选人；孔子学说：儒家（学说） advertise/'edvataIz/vt.&vi.公应试者 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.advertise/'edvataIz/v.&vi.公布；宣传：做广告 词汇变形 名词形式：advertisement(广告，简写ad):advertising(广告业；广告活动) 构词解析 前缀ad:表“向、去”；词根vert/vers(转)，字面义“转向（公众）”；后缀-ise-ize:构成动词，表 “使…化”。 例句 We need to advertise our new product to attract more customers. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) The company plans(advertise)its services on TV next month.(to advertise) 2.corporate'kop3rt/adj.公司的；法人的：社团的 词汇变形 名词形式：corporation(公司：法人团体) 构词解析 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 词根corpor(体、团体)：后缀-ate:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词 corporate→corporation;private→privatize(使私有化) 例句 The corporate logo should be displayed on all official documents. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) Corporate social responsibility has become an important part of modern business. 3.navigator/'naevigeita/n.领航员；航行者 词汇变形 动词形式：navigate(导航：航行) 构词解析 词根nav(船)：后缀-gate:构成动词，表“引导”；-or:表“人”，指“引导航行的人”。 例句 The navigator used a compass to find the right direction 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) With the help of modern technology,ships can (navigation)more accurately.（答案：navigate) 4.commitment/k'mitmant/m.承诺；保证；奉献 词汇变形 动词形式：commit（承诺；犯（错误）) 构词解析 前缀com-(加强)：词根mit(送、派)，字面义“共同送出”即“投入、承诺”；后缀-ment:构成 名词，表“行为、结果”。 例句 Her commitment to the project helped it succeed. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) Making a commitment to study hard is the first step to success. 5.motive/'meutIv/n.动机：原因：目的 词汇变形 形容词形式：motivational(激励的)：动词形式：motivate(激励) 构词解析 词根mot(移动)：后缀-ive:构成名词或形容词，表“…的原因”或“有…性质的”。 例句 What was his motive for telling such a lie? 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) Teachers should try to(motive)students to learn independently.(motivate) 6.recreation/,rekri'eIn/m.娱乐；消遣：游戏 词汇变形 动词形式：recreate(娱乐；重建) 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 构词解析 前缀re-(再、重新)：词根creat(创造)，字面义“重新创造（精力）”即“消遣”；后缀-ation:构 成名词，表“行为或过程”。 例句 Outdoor activities are good forms of recreation. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) People need some time for recreation to relax after work. 7.guidance/'gaIdns/n.指导；引导；导航 词汇变形 动词形式：guide(指导；引导) 构词解析 词根guid(引导)：后缀-ance:构成名词，表“行为、状态”。 例句 Students need the guidance of teachers to choose their future careers. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) The tour guide (guidance)us through the ancient temple.（答案：guided) 8.candidate/'kaendIdat/h.候选人：应试者 词汇变形 形容词形式：candid（坦率的：公正的) 构词解析 词根cand(白、发光)，原指“穿白衣的人”（古罗马候选人穿白衣）：后缀-ate:构成名词，表“人”。 例句 There are three candidates running for the position. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) A11 .(candidate)must submit their applications by Friday.(candidates) 9.episode/'episaud/n.一段经历：片段；插曲 词汇变形 形容词形式：episodic(片段的；断断续续的) 构词解析 前缀epi-(在…之间)；词根sod(路径)，字面义“在路径之间”即“片段”；后缀-ode:构成名 词。 例句 That trip to the mountains was an unforgettable episode in my life 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) The novel is divided into several episodes,each telling a different story. 10.loyal/'113l/adj.忠诚的；忠实的 词汇变形 名词形式：loyalty(忠诚：忠心) 3 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 构词解析 后缀-l:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 例句 A loyal friend will always support you in difficult times. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习） Dogs are known for their_(loyal)to their owners.(答案：loyalty) 11.damp/demp/adj.潮湿的：湿气重的 词汇变形 动词形式：dampen（使潮湿：抑制) 构词解析 后缀-e:加在形容词后构成动词，表“使…变得”。 同类词 dark→darken(使变暗)：soft→soften(使变软) 例句 The damp weather made the old house smell musty. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3同步练习) Rainy days often_(danp)people'smood..(答案：dampen) 12.Confucianism /kan'fju:anzm/h.孔子学说：儒家（学说） 词汇变形 名词形式：Confucius(孔子)：形容词形式：Confucian(儒家的) 构词解析 后缀-ism:表“主义、学说、信仰”，如Marxism(马克思主义)、Buddhism(佛教)。 例句 Confucianism has a deep influence on Chinese culture. 真题链接（人教版高中选修3教材例句) Confucianism emphasizes the importance of family and social harmony. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The company's new (广告)will be broadcast on TV next week 2.She has a strong (承诺to helping the poor,. 3.What was his main (动机)for choosing this job? 4.The tour guide provided us with useful (指导)during the trip 5.Dogs are known for their (忠诚)to their owners. 4 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 6.Confucianism is an important (学说)in Chinese history 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The team needs more_ (commit)to finish the project on time 2.Teachers should try to(motivate)students to think creatively. 3.With GPS,drivers can (navigation)easily in unknown cities. 4.A11 (candidate)must pass the written test to enter the interview. 5.The company plans (advertise)its new product online next month. 6.The rainy weather (damp)our plan to have a picnic. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这家公司致力于环境保护。 The company is environmental protection. 2.他的航海经历是他人生中难忘的一段插曲。 His sailing experience was an unforgettable in his life 3.儒家思想强调家庭和谐的重要性。 emphasizes the importance of family harmony. 4.成功的第一步是承诺努力工作。 Making a to work hard is the first step to success. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中选修3人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage In modern business, (corporate)social responsibility has become a key part.Many companies now make a (commit)to sustainable development.For example,some companies (advertise)their green products to attract environmentally conscious customers. A good (navigate)can help a ship avoid dangers at sea.Similarly,in career development, young people need(guide)from experienced mentors.Their(motivate)to learn and grow often leads to great achievements. Confucianism teaches us the value of_ (loyal)and respect.Following these principles can help build strong relationships.Remember,every small(episode)in life can teach us important lessons. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.advertisement 2.commitment 3.motive 4.guidance 5.loyalty 6.doctrine 工用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.commitment 2.motivate 3.navigate 4.candidates 5.to advertise 6.dampened ⅡI.完成句子 1.committed to 2.episode 3.Confucianism 4.commitment V.语篇填空 1.corporate 2.commitment 3.advertise 4.navigator 5.guidance 6.motivation loyalty 8.episode 6