内容正文:
高中选择性必修第四册沪外版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
寒假专版
Unit4 Approaching Classics A部分
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
shark /fa:k/n.鲨鱼,核心词
核心词
使瘫痪,口拓展词
swing/sw/v.(使)摆动,摇摆,sma即snep/v.(使咔嚓)断裂,绷unbearable/n'bearabl/ad.难
摇荡:(使)弧线运动,核心词
断,核心词
耐的:无法接受的,口拓展词
wind/wand/v.用.缠绕(或围harpoon /ha:'pun/n.渔猎标枪:pattern/'petn/n.模式;方式,
紧),核心词
鱼叉,口拓展词
核心词
circle/'s3k/n.环形;圆圈,☐bleed /bli:d/v.流血;失血,核iner/'ma)/adj.里面的:接近
拓展词
心词
中心的,核心词
lash1ev.(使)迅猛摆动,甩ruin/ru:m/V.严重损毁;毁坏,current/krnt/n.(海洋或江河
动:捆绑;捆,口拓展词
核心词
的)水流,潮流;气流,核心词
click /klik/v.(使)发出咔哒声,hook /hok/v.(使)钩住,挂住,butt /bAt/n.(武器或工具的粗
咔哒(或咔嚓)响,核心词
核心词
大的一端,口拓展词
plough /plav/v.(轮船、木船)穿disability/,ds3 brlati/n.残疾;oarb:(r)/n.船桨;桨,口拓展
过(水域),破浪前进:耕(地),生理缺陷,口拓展词
词
口拓展词
wart /wo:t/n.骨刺,疣,口拓展tiller/tla(r)/n.(小船的)舵柄,
speedboat'spi:dbaut/.n.快艇,词
口拓展词
口拓展词
heel /hi:/n.足跟:脚后跟,核sheet小i:tn.帆脚索:拉帆绳,
tight/tart/adj.拉紧的:绷紧的,心词
核心词
口拓展词
ryre/n.鳐鱼(大型扁宽海鱼,step on短语,踩
tremble/'trembl/v.(人)颤抖,尾长,有尖刺),口拓展词
哆嗦(因寒冷、恐惧、激动等,par alyse/'paerlaz/V.使麻痹;
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.tight/tart/adj.拉紧的:绷紧的
词汇变形
动词形式:tighten(拉紧:绷紧)
构词解析
后缀-n:加在形容词后,构成动词,表”使…变得”。
同类词:widen(加宽)、strengthen(加强)
例句:He tightened his grip on the rope as the wind blew harder
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高中选择性必修第四册沪外版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习):You need to the screws to prevent the shelf
from falling.(答案:tighten)
2.bleed /bli:d/v.流血:失血
词汇变形
名词形式:blood(血液)
构词解析
词根变化:bleed由blood演变而来,-ee后缀表'动作的承受者”(此处为特殊变化)。
例句:The cut on his hand bled profusely,so he rushed to the hospital.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试):Losing too much can be dangerous for the
patient..(答案:blood)
3.disability/,disa'bilati/n.残疾;生理缺陷
词汇变形
形容词形式:disabled(残疾的)
构词解析
前缀dis-:表”否定、相反”;后缀y:加在形容词后构成名词,表”性质、状态”。
同类词:ability(能力)一disability(无能力/残疾)
例句:The organization provides support for people with disabilities,
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展):We should show respect topeople and help
them when needed..(答案:disabled)
4.unbear able/An'berb/adj.难耐的;无法接受的
词汇变形
动词形式:bear(忍受):反义词:bearable(可忍受的)
构词解析
前缀un-:表”否定”;后缀-able:加在动词后构成形容词,表”可…的”。
同类词:comfortable(舒适的)→uncomfortable(不舒适的)
例句:The heat in the desert was unbearable,and we had to stop for water.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空):The pain was so great that it was almost,
(答案:unbearable)
5.paralyse/paeralaIz/v.使庥痹;使瘫痪
词汇变形
名词形式:paralysis(麻痹;瘫痪)
构词解析
后缀-ise(英式)/-iz(美式):加在名词后构成动词,表”使…成为”。
同类词:realise(意识到)→reality(现实)
例句:The accident left him paralysed from the waist down.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空):A stroke can parts of the body if not treated
in time..(答案:paralyse)
高中选择性必修第四册沪外版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
6.wind /wamd/v.用…缠绕(或围紧)
词汇变形
过去式/过去分词:wound /waond/
构词解析
特殊变形:wind作缠绕,义时,过去式和过去分词为wound(与名词”伤口"wound/wu:nd同形异
义)。
例句:She wound the rope around the tree to secure the boat.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册词汇运用):He the bandage around his arm to stop the
bleeding.(答案:wound)
7.swing/swI/v.(使)摆动;摇摆
词汇变形
过去式/过去分词:swung/sw/
构词解析
特殊变形:不规则动词,过去式和过去分词均为swung。
例句:The children swung on the rope tied to the branch,
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册听力填空):The door_open and a cold wind blew in.(答
案:swung)
&.pattern/'petn/n.模式;方式
词汇变形
动词形式:pattern(模仿:以…为模式)
构词解析
名词动用:pattern由名词”模式”转化为动词”模仿模式”。
例句:The artist patterned her painting after the style of Van Gogh.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册写作指导):We can our study plan after the top students'
methods..(答案:pattern)
9.inner/'ma(r)/adj.里面的:接近中心的
词汇变形
反义词:outer(外面的)
构词解析
前缀in-:表”在内、进入”;后缀-r:构成形容词,表’比较级”或”性质”(此处表”内部的”)。
同类词:inner→outer;upper→lower
例句:She has a kind inner heart despite her cold appearance.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解):The layer of the earth is made of molten rock
(答案:inner)
10.hook /huk/v.(使)钩住;挂住
词汇变形
名词形式:hook(钩子)
构词解析
高中选择性必修第四册沪外版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
名动同形:h0ok既可用作名词”钩子”,也可用作动词用钩子挂住”。
例句:He hooked his coat on the door handle as he entered the room.
真题链接(沪外版高中选择性必修第四册词汇辨析):Use the to hang your bag on the wall.(答
案:hook)
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.The organization offers help to people with (
7.The(里面的)part of the apple is sweeter than the skin.
8.He used a(钩子)to hang his coat on the wall.
9.The_(无法忍受的)noise from the construction site kept me awake.
10.The doctor said his was caused by a spinal injury.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.You must (tight)the lid of the bottle to prevent the liquid from leaking
7.The patient lost a lot of (bleed)during the operation.
8.We should treat (disability)people with kindness and respect.
9.The pain in her knee was almost (bear),so she went to see a doctor.
10.A sudden power failure can(paralysis)the entire system of the factory.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
5.他用绳子把箱子捆在自行车上。
He the rope around the box to tie it to the bike.
6.门突然摆动开,一只猫跑了进来。
The dooropen and a cat ran in.
7.这位设计师模仿了大自然的图案来创作她的作品。
The designer her work after the patterns in nature.
8.她外表冷漠,但内心善良。
She has a cold appearance,but a kind heart.
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高中选择性必修第四册沪外版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
A hiker got injured while climbing.His hand was cut and (bleed)badly.He tried to (tight)a
bandage around it,but the pain was(bear).Suddenly,he felt his legs(paralyse)and couldn't
move.He noticed a rope nearby and (wind)it around a tree to stay safe.Time passed slowly,and
the cold became(unbearable).Just when he was losing hope,a rescue team arrived.They used
a(hook)to pull him up.Later,the doctor said his(disable)might be temporary with proper
treatment.
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.disabilities 7.inner 8.hook 9.unbearable 10.paralysis
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.tighten 7.blood 8.disabled 9.unbearable 10.paralyse
I完成句子
5.wound
6.swung 7.patterned 8.inner
V.语篇填空
1.bled 2.tighten 3.unbearable 4.paralysed 5.wound 6.unbearable 7.hook
disability
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